CN108157290A - 一种猪仔的饲养方法 - Google Patents
一种猪仔的饲养方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108157290A CN108157290A CN201810099019.4A CN201810099019A CN108157290A CN 108157290 A CN108157290 A CN 108157290A CN 201810099019 A CN201810099019 A CN 201810099019A CN 108157290 A CN108157290 A CN 108157290A
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- wood vinegar
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- porkling
- radix
- vinegar
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种猪仔的饲养方法,包括如下步骤(1)环境控制:0~5日龄饲养环境温度为30~32℃,6~10日龄猪仔饲养环境温度为25~32℃,11~30日龄为25~28℃,超过30日龄的猪仔饲养温度为20~35℃;(2)卫生管理:采用由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成的消毒剂对猪仔养殖场进行消毒。(3)饲养管理:0~10d采用母乳饲养,10d后采用由质量份的如下原料组成饲料喂养猪仔:玉米20~30份、米糠1~5份、红薯叶2~6份、鱼粉14~18份、维生素E0.1~0.3份、牛皮菜3~5份、维生素A 0.01~0.1份、维生素D 0.01~0.1份、维生素B 0.01~0.1份、中草药0.1~0.3份。本发明猪仔饲养方饲养的猪仔免疫力高,患病率低,死亡率低,消化吸收好,成长快。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及家禽养殖技术领域,具体涉及一种猪仔的饲养方法。
背景技术
刚出生的猪苗储备的能量不多及能量代谢的激素功能不全,对环境温度下降极为敏感,不耐低温,且猪仔器官得到结构和功能都不完善,对饲料的要求较高:食盐、麸皮、棉仔饼、豆类、高粱、以及菠菜等食物时应注意食物相克以及猪仔疾病治疗时药物的相克,避免喂食不当导致猪仔营养不良和消化不良。猪仔新陈代谢旺盛,对物质的吸收利用高,但是刚出生的猪仔免疫力极弱,刚出生的猪仔一般通过猪仔的初乳将抗体传递给猪仔,获得一定免疫力。猪仔的免疫力较弱,尤其是喂乳不足,易患病,死亡率高。因此科学喂养猪仔,降低猪仔的患病率,提高猪仔成活率尤为关键。
发明内容
本发明为解决现有技术中猪仔的免疫力较弱,易患病,死亡率高,消化吸收不好的技术问题,提供一种猪仔的饲养方法。
为解决上述问题,本发明采取如下技术方案:
一种猪仔的饲养方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)环境控制:0~5日龄饲养环境温度为30~32℃,6~10日龄猪仔饲养环境温度为25~32℃,11~30日龄为25~28℃,超过30日龄的猪仔饲养温度为20~35℃;
(2)卫生管理:采用由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成的消毒剂对猪仔养殖场进行消毒。
(3)饲养管理:0~10d采用母乳饲养,10d后采用由质量份的如下原料组成饲料喂养猪仔:玉米20~30份、米糠1~5份、红薯叶2~6份、鱼粉14~18份、维生素E0.1~0.3份、牛皮菜3~5份、维生素A 0.01~0.1份、维生素D 0.01~0.1份、维生素B 0.01~0.1份、中草药0.1~0.3份。
其中,所述的环境控制中的温度主要采用红外线控温。
其中,所述的中草药由质量份的如下原料组成:紫苏2~5份、黄芩1~5份、桑寄生4~7份、白术1~2份、杜仲2~4份、阿胶3~6份、竹茹7~10份、苎麻根5~8份、陈皮1~4份、生地1~3份、熟地4~8份、黄柏1~3份、神曲1~2份、金钱草3~7份、甘草1~5份、茵陈1~3份。
其中,所述的石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将石菖蒲、甘草、熟地混合后分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至400~450℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤分别得到所述石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液。
其中,所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将苎麻根、甘草、生地、熟地、黄柏分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至200~350℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤得到所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液。
其中,苎麻根木醋液中大黃素含量不低于38ug/ml、石菖蒲木醋液中肉豆劳动酸含量不低于42ug/ml、甘草木醋液中甘草酸含量不低于57ug/ml、生地木醋液中B-谷甾醇含量不低于25ug/ml,甘露醇含量不低于68ug/ml、熟地木醋液中醛类化合物含量不低于129ug/ml。
本发明采用的中草药的药性如下:
熟地:味甘,性微温;归肝、肾经;具有补血滋阴功效用于血虚萎黄,眩晕,心悸失眠,月经不调,崩漏等症。
白芍:味苦、酸,性微寒;归肝、脾经;具有养血调经,敛阴止汗,柔肝止痛,平抑肝阳之功效。常用于血虚萎黄,月经不调,自汗,盗汗,胁痛,腹痛,四肢挛痛,头痛眩晕。
杜仲:味甘,性温。有补益肝肾、强筋壮骨、调理冲任、固经安胎的功效。可治疗肾阳虚引起的腰腿痛或酸软无力,肝气虚引起的胞胎不固,阴囊湿痒等症。
紫苏:辛,温;入肺经、脾经;散寒解表,理气宽中。用于风寒感冒,头痛,咳嗽,胸腹胀满。
黄芩:苦,寒,归肺经;心经;肝经;胆经;大肠经;泻火解毒,止血,清热燥湿,安胎。用于湿温、黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,暑温胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。主治:肺热咳嗽;热病高热神昏;肝火头痛;目赤肿痛;湿热黄疸;泻痢;热淋;吐衄血;崩漏;胎热不安;痈肿疔疮。
桑寄生:苦;甘;性平;肝经;肾经;补肝肾;强筋骨;祛风湿;安胎。腰膝酸痛;筋骨痿弱;肢体偏枯;风湿痹痛;头错目眩;胎动不安,崩漏下血。
白术:味苦,甘,性温。归脾、胃经。白术具有健脾益气,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎的功效,用于脾虚食少,腹胀泄泻,痰饮眩悸,水肿,自汗,胎动不安。
杜仲:味甘,性温。有补益肝肾、强筋壮骨、调理冲任、固经安胎的功效。
阿胶:味甘平,入肺、肝、肾经,具有补血止血、滋阴润燥等功效,药食两用,长期服用可补血养血、美白养颜、抗衰老、抗疲劳、提高免疫力,适用人群广泛。
竹茹:甘,凉;入胃、胆经;清热化痰;除烦止呕;安胎凉血。主治:肺热咳嗽;烦热惊悸;胃热呕呃;妊娠恶阻;胎动不安;吐血;衄血;尿血;崩漏。
苎麻根:味甘,性寒;归心、肝经;具有凉血止血,安胎,清热解毒之功效。常用于感冒发热,麻疹高热,尿路感染,肾炎水肿,孕妇腹痛,胎动不安,先兆流产。外用治跌打损伤。
陈皮:辛苦,温;入脾、肺经;具有理气调中、健胃消食的作用。
甘草:性平,味甘,归十二经,是一种补益中草药,清热解毒,润肺止咳,调和诸药;炙甘草能补脾益气。主治咽喉肿痛,咳嗽,脾胃虚弱,胃、十二指肠溃疡,肝炎,癔病,痈疖肿毒,药物及食物中毒。
生地:甘苦,凉;入心、肝、肾经;具有清热凉血功效用于温热病热入营血,壮热神昏,口干舌绛。
熟地:味甘,性微温;归肝、肾经;具有补血滋阴功效用于血虚萎黄,眩晕,心悸失眠,月经不调,崩漏等症。熟地味甘微温质润,既补血滋阴,又能补精益髓。如熟地配以当归、白芍、川芎就是大名鼎鼎的治疗血虚症的“四物汤”。熟地配白芍能养肝,配柏子仁养心,配龙眼能养脾,配麻黄则通血脉。脾胃气滞,痰湿内阻的脘腹胀满,食少便溏者忌服。
黄柏:味苦,性寒,肾、膀胱经;用于湿热泻痢,黄疸尿赤,带下阴痒,热淋涩痛,脚气痿蹙,骨蒸劳热,盗汗,遗精,疮疡肿毒,湿疹湿疮。盐黄柏滋阴降火。用于阴虚火旺,盗汗骨蒸。
本发明与现有技术相比较具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明采用由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液制成的消毒剂对环境进行灭菌,苎麻根木醋液含有大黃素、石菖蒲木醋液中含有肉豆劳动酸、甘草木醋液含有甘草酸、生地木醋液中含有B-谷甾醇和甘露醇、熟地木醋液醛类化合物,木醋液的活性物质易挥发,药效短,苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液混合后,木醋液稳定提高,大黃素、肉豆劳动酸、甘草酸、B-谷甾醇和甘露醇可提高木醋液的稳定性,同时增强杀菌灭菌效果。
(2)本发发明添加的中草药中,竹茹、苎麻根、生地、黄柏清热泻火:紫苏散寒解表:桑寄生、杜仲、白术、补肾益脾;阿胶、熟地滋阴补气补血;陈皮理气调中、健胃消食;神曲、金钱草、甘草、茵陈可清热泻火、促进消化,甘草补脾益气,调和诸药。本发明的中草药相互配合可促进清热泻火、滋补健身、健胃消食,提高猪仔的免疫力,促进小猪生长。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和试验对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种猪仔的饲养方法包括如下步骤:
(1)环境控制:0~5日龄饲养环境温度为30~32℃,6~10日龄猪仔饲养环境温度为25~32℃,11~30日龄为25~28℃,超过30日龄的猪仔饲养温度为20~35℃;所述的环境控制中的温度主要采用红外线控温;
(2)卫生管理:采用由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成的消毒剂对猪仔养殖场进行消毒。
(3)饲养管理:0~10d采用母乳饲养,10d后采用由质量份的如下原料组成饲料喂养猪仔:玉米30份、米糠1份、红薯叶6份、鱼粉14份、维生素E0.3份、牛皮菜3份、维生素A 0.1份、维生素D 0.01份、维生素B 0.1份、中草药0.1份。
其中,所述的中草药由质量份的如下原料组成:紫苏5份、黄芩1份、桑寄生7份、白术1份、杜仲4份、阿胶3份、竹茹10份、苎麻根5份、陈皮4份、生地1份、熟地8份、黄柏1份、神曲2份、金钱草3份、甘草5份、茵陈1份。
其中,所述的石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将石菖蒲、甘草、熟地混合后分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至450℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤分别得到所述石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液。所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将苎麻根、甘草、生地、熟地、黄柏分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至200℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤得到所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液。其中,苎麻根木醋液中大黃素含量39ug/ml、石菖蒲木醋液中肉豆劳动酸含量43ug/ml、甘草木醋液中甘草酸含量58ug/ml、生地木醋液中B-谷甾醇含量26ug/ml,甘露醇含量69ug/ml、熟地木醋液中醛类化合物含量130ug/ml。
实施例2
一种猪仔的饲养方法包括如下步骤:
(1)环境控制:0~5日龄饲养环境温度为30~32℃,6~10日龄猪仔饲养环境温度为25~32℃,11~30日龄为25~28℃,超过30日龄的猪仔饲养温度为20~35℃;所述的环境控制中的温度主要采用红外线控温;
(2)卫生管理:采用由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成的消毒剂对猪仔养殖场进行消毒。
(3)饲养管理:0~10d采用母乳饲养,10d后采用由质量份的如下原料组成饲料喂养猪仔:玉米20份、米糠5份、红薯叶2份、鱼粉18份、维生素E0.1份、牛皮菜5份、维生素A0.01份、维生素D 0.1份、维生素B 0.01份、中草药0.3份。
其中,所述的中草药由质量份的如下原料组成:紫苏2份、黄芩5份、桑寄生4份、白术2份、杜仲2份、阿胶6份、竹茹7份、苎麻根8份、陈皮1份、生地3份、熟地4份、黄柏3份、神曲1份、金钱草7份、甘草1份、茵陈3份。
其中,所述的石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将石菖蒲、甘草、熟地混合后分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至400℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤分别得到所述石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液。所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将苎麻根、甘草、生地、熟地、黄柏分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至350℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤得到所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液。其中,苎麻根木醋液中大黃素含量43ug/ml、石菖蒲木醋液中肉豆劳动酸含量45ug/ml、甘草木醋液中甘草酸含量69ug/ml、生地木醋液中B-谷甾醇含量30ug/ml,甘露醇含量不低于68ug/ml、熟地木醋液中醛类化合物含量131ug/ml。
实施例3
一种猪仔的饲养方法包括如下步骤:
(1)环境控制:0~5日龄饲养环境温度为30~32℃,6~10日龄猪仔饲养环境温度为25~32℃,11~30日龄为25~28℃,超过30日龄的猪仔饲养温度为20~35℃;所述的环境控制中的温度主要采用红外线控温;
(2)卫生管理:采用由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成的消毒剂对猪仔养殖场进行消毒。
(3)饲养管理:0~10d采用母乳饲养,10d后采用由质量份的如下原料组成饲料喂养猪仔:玉米25份、米糠3份、红薯叶5份、鱼粉17份、维生素E0.2份、牛皮菜4份、维生素A0.05份、维生素D 0.05份、维生素B 0.05份、中草药0.2份。
其中,所述的中草药由质量份的如下原料组成:紫苏3份、黄芩3份、桑寄生6份、白术2份、杜仲3份、阿胶4份、竹茹8份、苎麻根7份、陈皮2份、生地2份、熟地5份、黄柏2份、神曲2份、金钱草5份、甘草3份、茵陈2份。
其中,所述的石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将石菖蒲、甘草、熟地混合后分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至420℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤分别得到所述石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液。所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将苎麻根、甘草、生地、熟地、黄柏分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至300℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤得到所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液。其中,苎麻根木醋液中大黃素含量46ug/ml、石菖蒲木醋液中肉豆劳动酸含量不低于50ug/ml、甘草木醋液中甘草酸含量63ug/ml、生地木醋液中B-谷甾醇含量27ug/ml,甘露醇含量72ug/ml、熟地木醋液中醛类化合物135ug/ml。
为了说明本发明的技术效果,设置如下对照组:
对照组1
对照组1与实施例1的一种猪仔的饲养方法基本相同,区别在于,对照组1采用的饲料中不含有中草药。
对照组2
对照组2与实施例1的一种猪仔的饲养方法基本相同,区别在于,对照组2的采用过氧化氢液进行消毒;
对照组3
对照组3与实施例1的一种猪仔的饲养方法基本相同,区别在于;所述的消毒液由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成。
对照组4
对照组4与实施例1的一种猪仔的饲养方法基本相同,区别在于,对照组4的消毒液由甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成。
对照组5
对照组5与实施例1的一种猪仔的饲养方法基本相同,区别在于,对照组5的中草药由黄芩、阿胶、苎麻根、陈皮、生地、熟地、黄柏、神曲、金钱草、茵陈组成。
对照组6
对照组6与实施例1的一种猪仔的饲养方法基本相同,区别在于,对照组6的中草药由紫苏、白术、杜仲、竹茹、陈皮、生地、黄柏、神曲、甘草、茵陈组成。
养殖试验:
按照实施例1~实施例3以及对照组1~对照组7的提供的一种猪仔的饲养方法养殖猪仔,每一种猪仔的饲养方法养殖80头猪仔,养殖地点:广西东兰县隘洞拉社通达种养专业合作社的养殖场;时间:2016年~2017年;对猪龄3个月以及猪龄6个月时的体重,计算体重增长百分比,试验结果如下表1。
表1
由表1可知,实施例1~实施例3的猪死亡率比对照组1~对照组6低,说明采用由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液制成的消毒剂对环境影响小,抑菌效果比由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成的消毒剂以及由甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成的消毒要好;猪仔生长环境好,治病少,患病率低,从而猪仔的死亡率低。实施例1~实施例3的猪仔增重相比于对照组1~对照组6高,说明本发明采用的饲料含有紫苏、黄芩、桑寄生、白术、杜仲、阿胶、竹茹、苎麻根、陈皮、生地、熟地、黄柏、神曲、金钱草、甘草、茵陈后,可促进小猪的消化吸收,猪仔增重好,长势快。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明,但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围,凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更,均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种猪仔的饲养方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)环境控制:0~5日龄饲养环境温度为30~32℃,6~10日龄猪仔饲养环境温度为25~32℃,11~30日龄为25~28℃,超过30日龄的猪仔饲养温度为20~35℃;
(2)卫生管理:采用由苎麻根木醋液、石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、生地木醋液、熟地木醋液、黄柏木醋液组成的消毒剂对猪仔养殖场进行消毒。
(3)饲养管理:0~10d采用母乳饲养,10d后采用由质量份的如下原料组成饲料喂养猪仔:玉米20~30份、米糠1~5份、红薯叶2~6份、鱼粉14~18份、维生素E0.1~0.3份、牛皮菜3~5份、维生素A 0.01~0.1份、维生素D 0.01~0.1份、维生素B 0.01~0.1份、中草药0.1~0.3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种猪仔的饲养方法,其特征在于,所述的环境控制中的温度主要采用红外线控温。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种猪仔的饲养方法,其特征在于,所述的中草药由质量份的如下原料组成:紫苏2~5份、黄芩1~5份、桑寄生4~7份、白术1~2份、杜仲2~4份、阿胶3~6份、竹茹7~10份、苎麻根5~8份、陈皮1~4份、生地1~3份、熟地4~8份、黄柏1~3份、神曲1~2份、金钱草3~7份、甘草1~5份、茵陈1~3份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种猪仔的饲养方法,其特征在于,所述的石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将石菖蒲、甘草、熟地混合后分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至400~450℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤分别得到所述石菖蒲木醋液、甘草木醋液、熟地木醋液。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种猪仔的饲养方法,其特征在于,所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液由如下制备方法制得:将苎麻根、甘草、生地、熟地、黄柏分别置于干馏釜中,以50℃/1h的升温速度升温至200~350℃时,分别收集木醋液,采用活性炭将收集得到的木醋液吸附过滤得到所述的苎麻根木醋液、生地木醋液、黄柏木醋液。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种猪仔的饲养方法,其特征在于,苎麻根木醋液中大黃素含量不低于38ug/ml、石菖蒲木醋液中肉豆劳动酸含量不低于42ug/ml、甘草木醋液中甘草酸含量不低于57ug/ml、生地木醋液中B-谷甾醇含量不低于25ug/ml,甘露醇含量不低于68ug/ml、熟地木醋液中醛类化合物含量不低于129ug/ml。
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