CN108127206B - Laser brazing process transplanting method and laser brazing device capable of transplanting data - Google Patents
Laser brazing process transplanting method and laser brazing device capable of transplanting data Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108127206B CN108127206B CN201711391168.XA CN201711391168A CN108127206B CN 108127206 B CN108127206 B CN 108127206B CN 201711391168 A CN201711391168 A CN 201711391168A CN 108127206 B CN108127206 B CN 108127206B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- semi
- lens
- temperature
- reflecting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
- B23K1/0056—Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of laser processing, in particular to a laser brazing process transplanting method and a laser brazing device capable of transplanting data. Correcting the relative positions delta X and delta Y according to the offset of the product position and the laser center position; the method comprises the steps of detecting the surface temperature of a workpiece by using an infrared temperature sensor while intermittently emitting light, establishing a corresponding relation between laser power and temperature in unit time to correct laser parameters, and dynamically adjusting the laser parameters in a full closed-loop control mode in the processing process. The invention can quickly and automatically debug a plurality of laser brazing devices to the optimal process state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser processing, in particular to a laser brazing process transplanting method and a laser brazing device capable of transplanting data.
Background
In the field of laser brazing processing, the quality of a processed product is directly influenced by technological parameters such as the position, the power and the like of laser during processing. And the higher the requirement of the processing quality is, the smaller the allowable fluctuation range of the welding process parameters is. When the equipment is produced in batches, the optimal process parameters of each equipment are often different due to the production consistency difference of laser lenses, machined parts and the like and the influence of factors such as worker assembly and the like. If each device needs to be debugged to the optimal working state, the prior scheme adopts manual debugging one by one. Even if the optimal process parameters are not very different, a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are consumed by repeated debugging, and the preparation period of batch use of equipment is prolonged. After the equipment is regularly maintained, the production process parameters need to be confirmed one by one. These all add significantly to the production and use costs of the equipment.
In addition, as the technological requirements of products are increased, the requirements on the surface temperature of materials during processing are more and more strict. The laser process parameter is transplanted at the same time, and the processing temperature of the surface of the product also needs to be strictly controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a laser brazing process transplanting method and a laser brazing device capable of transplanting data. The invention uses an industrial camera and a lens to read the proportion of the laser covering product to adjust the delta Z; reading the position of a product by using an industrial camera and a lens, and correcting relative positions delta X and delta Y according to the offset of the position of the product and the central position of the laser; the method comprises the steps of detecting the surface temperature of a workpiece by using an infrared temperature sensor while continuously emitting light, establishing a corresponding relation between laser power and temperature in unit time to correct laser parameters, and dynamically adjusting the laser parameters in a full closed-loop control mode in the processing process. The device and the method can quickly and automatically debug all other equipment to the optimal process state after completing the process debugging of one equipment when debugging the equipment in batch, and can also realize remote debugging and maintenance.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a laser brazing device of portable data, includes laser brazing head and three-dimensional workstation, its characterized in that: the three-dimensional workbench comprises a translation X-axis, a gantry structure, a processing platform deck, a translation Y-axis, a vertical Z-axis and a fixed adapter plate; the translation X axis is arranged on the gantry structure, and the vertical Z axis is arranged on the translation X axis; the fixed adapter plate is arranged on the vertical Z axis, and the fixed adapter plate is arranged on the laser brazing head; the machining carrying platform is arranged on a translation Y axis, and the translation Y axis drives the machining carrying platform to move back and forth under the gantry structure; the laser brazing head comprises an industrial camera, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror, an imaging lens, a first total reflection lens, a second semi-reflection and semi-transmission lens, a third semi-reflection and semi-transmission lens, a laser focusing lens, an infrared light source, an infrared temperature measuring sensor, a laser collimating lens and an optical fiber; the lower part of the infrared temperature measurement sensor is provided with a second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens, the lower part of the laser collimating lens is provided with a first full-reflecting lens, the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens are arranged in parallel, the reflecting directions of the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens are provided with a third semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens, the third semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens turns the light reflected by the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens to 90 degrees, and a laser focusing lens, an infrared light source and a product to be processed are sequentially arranged; an imaging lens, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror and an industrial camera are sequentially arranged in the direction of the reflected light.
The invention also discloses a laser brazing process transplanting method, which comprises the steps of generating a portable data file, preparing the equipment to be transplanted, and executing parameter transplanting; the step of generating the portable data file comprises measuring the portable data laser brazing apparatusA step of laser power and temperature relation function, wherein the step of executing parameter transplantation comprises the step of measuring the laser power and temperature relation function of the equipment to be transplanted; the portable data file comprises visual imaging system parameters, visual calibration system parameters, characteristic parameters of processed products, laser process parameters and transplantation auxiliary parameters; the visual imaging system parameters include: exposure value C of industrial cameraeA gain value CgImage contrast CcMirror image parameter CmxAnd CmyImage evaluation coordinates Cx、Cy、CzAnd an image sharpness evaluation value CpPeak value C of image gray distribution curvek(ii) a The visual calibration parameters comprise a preset calibration characteristic template B containing specific contour informationvAnd a calibration coordinate matrix BmCamera exposure value B in laser center positioningceLaser calibration power Bp(ii) a The characteristic parameters of the processed product comprise the number P of processing pointsnVisual positioning template parameter P corresponding to each processing point and containing specific gray scale and shape characteristicsv(ii) a The laser process parameters of the laser brazing device comprise laser processing coordinates Lx、Ly、LzLaser power LpLaser processing time LtAt a processing temperature Lc(ii) a The transplantation auxiliary parameter includes an exposure parameter F of the industrial cameraceLaser power FlpLaser time FltDefocus FflOut-of-focus state; measuring a relation function T between the laser power and the temperature of the laser brazing device with the portable data; the self-preparation of the device to be transplanted comprises the following steps: copying the portable data file to the equipment to be transplanted, wherein the equipment to be transplanted has the same structure and function as the laser brazing device of the first portable data file, and positioning the three-dimensional workbench of the equipment to be transplanted to the coordinate C before parameter transplantation is startedx、Cy、CzPoint, expose the industrial camera to a value CeA gain value CgImage contrast CcMirror image parameter CmxAnd CmyApplied to an imaging system, collects images and calculates an image definition evaluation value Cp' sum image Gray distribution Curve Peak value Ck', according to Cp、Ck、Cp' and Ck' Fine-tuning Camera Exposure value Ce', gain value Cg', image contrast Cc' positioning point Z-axis coordinate Cz', make Cp-Cp' and Ck-Ck' approximately equals zero; setting an industrial camera exposure value to BceAnd controlling the laser to calibrate the power B by the laserpContinuously emitting light, and calculating the center point B of the bright spot by using an image processing toollx,BlyMoving the three-dimensional workbench to a platform calibration coordinate matrix BmObtaining the vision system image, calculating and recording the calibration characteristic template BvObtaining a platform coordinate matrix B from the image coordinates of the imagemCorresponding image coordinate matrix Bm', according to BmAnd Bm' the corresponding relation B of the image coordinate system and the plane coordinate system formed by the X, Y axes in the three-dimensional workbench can be establishedtCompleting the calibration work; wherein B ism＝Bt*Bm’
And executing parameter migration: after the laser parameter transplantation is started, the three-dimensional workbench of the equipment to be transplanted is firstly positioned to the coordinate Lx、Ly、LzSetting the exposure time of the vision system to be FceLaser power of FlpAdjusting the size of Lz and the percentage of area F of the laser spot covering the processing positionap' constantly changing, Ffs' continuously update, when adjusting to Fap' at minimum, the Z-axis coordinate corresponds to the laser focus, and the Z-axis is moved by FflAnd Ffs’＝FfsThe Z-axis coordinate L of the current workbenchz' is the optimum laser focal length coordinate suitable for the current equipment after transplantation; at this time, B is searched in the imagevCoordinate B ofvx、BvyCalibrated parameter BtObtaining the coordinate L of the optimal working position of the laser after conversionx' and Ly'; positioning a three-dimensional table of a device to be transplanted to Lx’、Ly’、Lz' at, set the vision system exposure time to FceIn this state, the function of the relationship between the laser power and the temperature of the device to be transplanted is measuredA number T'; l iscDenotes the processing temperature, when T0＝LcTaking laser power P0', let T0＝f(P0') laser power P in the device to be transplanted0' is the optimum operating power.
The laser brazing process transplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the production process of the equipment to be transplanted, an infrared temperature measuring sensor is used for sensing the surface temperature of the processed object, and the laser power is controlled in a closed loop mode through a PID algorithm, so that the processing temperature is accurately controlled, wherein the PID algorithm is as follows:
wherein t represents the sampling time, and e (t) represents the average temperature in the temperature monitoring area during the temperature closed-loop control detected by the infrared temperature measurement sensor.
The laser brazing process transplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for measuring the relation function T between the laser power and the temperature of the portable data laser brazing device comprises the following steps: at laser power FlpK (k 0.1, 0.2 … … 1) successively starts the laser for time FltEmitting laser, recording the highest temperature T detected by the infrared temperature sensor every time the laser is emittedm1、Tm2……Tm10And the temperature interval of each time of emitting laser is 30 seconds, and the relation function T (f) (p) of the laser power and the temperature can be obtained by linearly fitting 10 adopted temperature points.
The laser brazing process transplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the step of measuring the relation function T' of the laser power and the temperature of the equipment to be transplanted is as follows: at laser power FlpK (k 0.1, 0.2 … … 1) successively starts the laser for time FltEmitting laser, recording the highest temperature T detected by the infrared temperature sensor every time the laser is emittedm1’、Tm2’……Tm10'and the temperature interval of each laser emission is 30 seconds, the relation function T' of the laser power and the temperature can be obtained by linearly fitting 10 sampling temperature points.
The laser brazing process transplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the laser brazing device capable of transplanting data leaves a factory, the difference between the focal plane of the industrial camera and the laser focal point is less than 1 mm, the depth of field of the industrial camera is 2 mm, and the image of the visual system is calibrated by a Zhang Zhengyou calibration method.
The laser brazing process transplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the equipment to be transplanted leaves a factory, the difference between the focal plane of the industrial camera and the laser focal point is less than 1 mm, the depth of field of the industrial camera is 2 mm, and the image of the visual system is calibrated by a Zhang Zhengyou calibration method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, in the preparation stage of equipment use, an infrared temperature measurement sensor is adopted to detect the surface temperature of a product and automatically correct laser parameters; in the production process of equipment, the surface temperature of a processing point is taken as input, and process parameters are controlled in real time under the closed-loop control of a PID algorithm, so that product scrapping caused by over processing is prevented, and the production yield is improved; when the equipment is debugged in batches, after the process debugging of one equipment is finished, all other equipment can be quickly and automatically debugged to the optimal process state, including automatic searching of laser focal length, automatic adjustment of processing coordinates, automatic adjustment of laser energy and the like, so that the debugging and use cost of the equipment is greatly saved; and thirdly, the debugging link of the equipment can be transferred to the Internet from the use site, and powerful support is provided for accelerating diversified transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser brazing head structure.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a laser brazing apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a temperature control zone.
Fig. 4 is a graph of laser power as a function of temperature.
Reference in the attached figure 1: the device comprises an industrial camera 11, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror 12, an imaging lens 13, a first total reflection lens 141, a second half reflection and half transmission lens 142, a third half reflection and half transmission lens 143, a laser focusing lens 15, an infrared light source 16, a product to be processed 17, an infrared temperature measurement sensor 18, a laser collimating lens 19 and an optical fiber 191.
Reference is made to FIG. 2: the device comprises a translation X-axis 21, a gantry structure 22, a machining carrier 23, a translation Y-axis 24, a vertical Z-axis 25, a fixed adapter plate 26, a laser brazing head 27, a laser generator 28 and a controller 29.
Reference in the attached figure 3: a laser to-be-processed point 31, a temperature monitoring area 32 during temperature closed-loop control, and a laser spot 33.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
The laser processing parameters mainly include laser position (relative position Δ X, Δ Y, Δ Z of the laser center and the surface of the processed product) and laser energy (current, time, etc.). The invention can realize the transplantation of the laser brazing process quickly, and particularly, an industrial camera and a lens are used for reading the proportion of laser covering products to adjust delta Z; reading the position of a product by using an industrial camera and a lens, and correcting relative positions delta X and delta Y according to the offset of the position of the product and the central position of the laser; the method comprises the steps of detecting the surface temperature of a workpiece by using an infrared temperature sensor while intermittently emitting light, establishing a corresponding relation between laser power and temperature in unit time to correct laser parameters, and dynamically adjusting the laser parameters in a full closed-loop control mode in the processing process.
As shown in FIG. 1, the laser brazing head 27 capable of transplanting data of the invention comprises an industrial camera 11, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror 12, an imaging lens 13, three half-reflection and half-transmission mirrors 14, a laser focusing mirror 15, an infrared light source 16, an infrared temperature measuring sensor 18, a laser collimating mirror 19 and an optical fiber 191. The lower part of an infrared temperature measuring sensor 18 is provided with a second half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror 142, the lower part of a laser collimating mirror 19 is provided with a first full-reflecting and half-transmitting lens 141, the first full-reflecting and half-transmitting lens 141 and the second half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror 142 are arranged in parallel, the reflecting directions of the first full-reflecting and half-transmitting lens 141 and the second half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror 142 are provided with a third half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror 143, the third half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror 143 turns the light reflected by the first full-reflecting and half-transmitting lens 141 and the second half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror 142 to 90 degrees, and a laser focusing mirror 15, an infrared light; an imaging lens 13, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror 12 and an industrial camera 11 are sequentially arranged in the direction of the reflected light. The industrial camera 11, the imaging lens 13 and the infrared light source 16 form a visual imaging system. The laser 0-degree total reflection mirror 12 is used for protecting the industrial camera and preventing the reflected laser from burning the camera chip.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser brazing head 27 is operated in cooperation with a three-dimensional table to constitute a laser brazing apparatus. The three-dimensional workbench comprises a translation X-axis 21, a gantry structure 22, a machining carrier 23, a translation Y-axis 24, a vertical Z-axis 25 and a fixed adapter plate 26. The translation X-axis 21 is mounted on the gantry structure 22, and the vertical Z-axis 25 is mounted on the translation X-axis 21, so that the vertical Z-axis 25 moves horizontally under the driving of the translation X-axis. The fixed adapter plate 26 is installed on the vertical Z-axis 25, the laser brazing head 27 is installed on the fixed adapter plate 26, the vertical Z-axis 25 is connected with the laser brazing head 27 through the fixed adapter plate 26, and the vertical Z-axis 25 drives the fixed adapter plate 26 and the laser brazing head 27 to move up and down together. The machining stage 23 is mounted on a translation Y-axis 24, and the translation Y-axis 24 drives the machining stage 23 to move back and forth directly below the gantry 22. Translating the X-axis 21, translating the Y-axis 24, and perpendicular Z-axis 25 achieves a three-dimensional machining zone. The laser generator 28 emits laser light under the control of the controller 29 and transmits the laser light to the laser brazing head 27 through the optical fiber 191. The controller 29 includes laser control, three-dimensional stage control, parameter migration, and other functions.
The working process of the laser brazing head with the portable data comprises the following steps: the laser emitted by the laser generator 28 is transmitted to the laser collimating mirror 19 through the optical fiber 191, and enters the laser focusing mirror 15 after being reflected by the first total reflection lens 141 and the third semi-reflection and semi-transmission lens 143, and the product 17 to be processed is heated and brazed; the infrared rays emitted by the infrared light source 16 pass through the product to be processed 17, the third half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror 143, the industrial lens 13 and the laser 0-degree full-reflecting mirror 12 to the industrial camera, so that the camera captures the surface characteristics of the product to be processed 17, including the laser point to be processed 31 and the laser spot 33; the light emitted by the infrared temperature measuring sensor passes through the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror 142, the third semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror 143 and the laser focusing mirror 15, and then returns to the temperature sensor 18 after being reflected by the product 17 to be processed, so as to obtain the surface temperature of the product 17 to be processed. The surface characteristics of the product 17 to be processed in the invention comprise a laser point 31 to be processed, a temperature monitoring area 32 during temperature closed-loop control and a laser spot 33, which are shown in fig. 3. Wherein the laser spot 33 of the present invention follows a gaussian distribution.
The transplanting method disclosed by the invention comprises a plurality of steps: the method comprises the steps of generating a portable data file, preparing a device to be transplanted, executing parameter transplantation and the like.
The steps of generating the portable data file of the present invention include: visual imaging system parameters, visual calibration system parameters, processing product characteristic parameters, laser process parameters, transplantation auxiliary parameters and the like. The visual imaging system parameters of the present invention include: exposure value C of the industrial camera 11eA gain value CgImage contrast CcMirror image parameter CmxAnd CmyImage evaluation coordinates Cx、Cy、CzAnd an image sharpness evaluation value CpPeak value C of image gray distribution curvek. The visual calibration parameters comprise: preset calibration characteristic template B containing specific contour informationvAnd a calibration coordinate matrix B containing 5-by-5 three-dimensional coordinates with uniformly distributed rows and columnsmCamera exposure value B in laser center positioningceLaser calibration power Bp. The characteristic parameters of the processed product comprise the number P of processing pointsnVisual positioning template parameter P corresponding to each processing point and containing specific gray scale and shape characteristicsv. The laser process parameters of the laser brazing device comprise laser processing coordinates Lx、Ly、LzLaser power LpLaser processing time LtAt a processing temperature Lc. The transplantation auxiliary parameter includes an exposure parameter F of the industrial camera 11ceLaser power FlpLaser time FltDefocus FflOut-of-focus state (positive out-of-focus/negative out-of-focus) FfsAnd a function T ═ f (p) of the relationship between the output laser power of the laser focusing mirror 15 and the temperature. The method for measuring the relation function of the laser power and the temperature of the laser brazing device with the portable data comprises the following steps of taking the laser power FlpK (k 0.1, 0.2 … … 1) successively starts the laser for time FltEmitting laser, recording the highest temperature T detected by the infrared temperature sensor every time the laser is emittedm1、Tm2……Tm10And the temperature interval of each time of laser emission is 30 seconds, so that no temperature accumulation is ensured. The relation function T (f) (p) of the laser power and the temperature can be obtained by linearly fitting 10 sampling temperature points.
T＝Flp*k+b
Bp＝1.1*Lt,LtFor laser threshold power
After the laser brazing device capable of transplanting data finishes the process debugging of processing a certain product, the laser brazing device capable of transplanting data processes the product to be in the optimal process state. And recording the operation and laser process parameters of the laser brazing device with the portable data in a controller of the laser brazing device with the portable data. And starting a portable data file generation tool, namely packaging all parameters of the first portable data laser brazing device into a folder, and finishing the step of generating the portable data file.
The self-preparation of the device to be transplanted comprises the following steps: and copying the portable data file to the equipment to be transplanted, wherein the equipment to be transplanted has the same structural function as the laser brazing device of the first portable data file, and starting the preparation work before parameter transplantation. When the laser brazing device capable of transplanting data leaves a factory, in a vision imaging system, the difference between a focal plane of an industrial camera 11 and a laser focal point is smaller than 1 mm, the depth of field of the industrial camera 11 is about 2 mm, and an image of the vision system is calibrated by a Zhang Zhengyou calibration method. The migration preparation is done by the system one key. The specific process is as follows: positioning a three-dimensional table of a laser brazing apparatus (hereinafter referred to as an apparatus to be transplanted) for transplantable data of the apparatus to be transplanted to a coordinate Cx、Cy、CzPoint, expose the industrial camera 11 to a value CeA gain value CgImage contrast CcMirror image parameter CmxAnd CmyApplied to an imaging system, collects images and calculates an image definition evaluation value Cp' sum image Gray distribution Curve Peak value Ck', according to Cp、Ck、Cp' and Ck' Fine-tuning Camera Exposure value Ce', gain value Cg', image contrast Cc' positioning point Z-axis coordinate Cz', make Cp-Cp' and Ck-Ck' approximately equals zero; setting the exposure value of the industrial camera 11 to BceAnd controlling the laser to calibrate the power B by the laserpContinuously emitting light, wherein only one bright spot exists in the image acquired by the vision system, and the bright spot central point B is calculated by using a Blob image processing toollx,BlyI.e. the position of the laser center in the image; moving the three-dimensional workbench to a platform calibration coordinate matrix BmObtaining the vision system image, calculating and recording the calibration characteristic template BvObtaining a platform coordinate matrix B from the image coordinates of the imagemCorresponding image coordinate matrix Bm', according to BmAnd Bm' the corresponding relation B of the image coordinate system and the plane coordinate system formed by the X, Y axes in the three-dimensional workbench can be establishedtAnd completing the calibration work. The migration is ready.
Bm＝Bt*Bm’
And executing parameter migration: after the laser parameter transplantation is started, the three-dimensional workbench of the equipment to be transplanted is firstly positioned to the coordinate Lx、Ly、LzSetting the exposure time of the vision system to be FceLaser power of FlpAdjusting the size of Lz and the percentage of area F of the laser spot covering the processing positionap' constantly changing, Ffs' continuously update, when adjusting to Fap' at minimum, the Z-axis coordinate corresponds to the laser focus, and the Z-axis is moved by FflAnd Ffs’＝FfsThe Z-axis coordinate L of the current workbenchz' is the optimum laser focal length coordinate suitable for the current equipment after transplantation. At this time, B is searched for in the imagevCoordinate B ofvx、BvyCalibrated parameter BtObtaining the coordinate L of the optimal working position of the laser after conversionx' and Ly'. The method comprises the step of measuring the relation function of the laser power and the temperature of the equipment to be transplanted, wherein the three-dimensional workbench of the equipment to be transplanted is positioned to Lx’、Ly’、Lz' at, set the vision system exposure time to FceAt a laser power FlpK (k 0.1, 0.2 … … 1) successively starts the laser for time FltEmitting laser, recording the highest temperature T detected by the infrared temperature sensor every time the laser is emittedm1’、Tm2’……Tm10', and the temperature interval of each laser shot is 30 seconds, ensuring that no temperature is accumulated. The relation function T' f (p) of the laser power and the temperature can be obtained by linearly fitting 10 points with the temperature. As shown in fig. 4.
When T is0＝LcTaking laser power P0', let T0＝f(P0') latest laser power P0' is the optimum operating power.
After the transplantation is finished, the optimal technological parameters of the transplanted equipment are obtained, and the production can be started. In the production process, the infrared temperature measuring sensor is used for sensing the surface temperature of the processed object, and the laser power is controlled in a closed loop mode through a PID algorithm, so that the effect of accurately controlling the processing temperature is achieved. The PID algorithm employed is as follows:
where t represents the sampling time and e (t) represents the average temperature in the temperature monitoring region 32 during closed-loop control of the temperature detected by the infrared thermometry sensor 18. In this embodiment, the sampling period for the temperature is recommended to be 0.001 second.
Claims (8)
1. A laser brazing process transplanting method comprises the steps of generating a portable data file, preparing equipment to be transplanted, and executing parameter transplanting; the step of generating the portable data file comprises the step of measuring a relation function between the laser power and the temperature of the portable data laser brazing device, and the step of executing parameter transplantation comprises the step of measuring a relation function between the laser power and the temperature of the equipment to be transplanted;
the portable data file comprises visual imaging system parameters, visual calibration parameters, characteristic parameters of processed products, laser process parameters and transplantation auxiliary parameters; the visual imaging system parameters include: exposure value C of industrial cameraeA gain value CgImage contrast CcMirror image parameter CmxAnd CmyImage evaluation coordinates Cx、Cy、CzAnd an image sharpness evaluation value CpPeak value C of image gray distribution curvek(ii) a The visual calibration parameters comprise a preset calibration characteristic template B containing specific contour informationvAnd a calibration coordinate matrix BmCamera exposure value B in laser center positioningceLaser calibration power Bp(ii) a The characteristic parameters of the processed product comprise the number P of processing pointsnVisual positioning template parameter P corresponding to each processing point and containing specific gray scale and shape characteristicsv(ii) a The laser process parameters of the laser brazing device comprise laser processing coordinates Lx、Ly、LzLaser power LpLaser processing time LtAt a processing temperature Lc(ii) a The transplantation auxiliary parameter includes an exposure parameter F of the industrial cameraceLaser power FlpLaser time FltDefocus FflOut-of-focus state; measuring a relation function T between the laser power and the temperature of the laser brazing device with the portable data;
the self-preparation of the device to be transplanted comprises the following steps: copying the portable data file to the equipment to be transplanted, wherein the equipment to be transplanted has the same structure and function as the laser brazing device of the first portable data file, and positioning the three-dimensional workbench of the equipment to be transplanted to the coordinate C before parameter transplantation is startedx、Cy、CzPoint, expose the industrial camera to a value CeA gain value CgImage contrast CcMirror image parameter CmxAnd CmyApplied to an imaging system, collects images and calculates an image definition evaluation value Cp' sum image Gray distribution Curve Peak value Ck', according to Cp、Ck、Cp' and Ck' Fine-tuning Camera Exposure value Ce', gain value Cg', image contrast Cc' positioning point Z-axis coordinate Cz', make Cp-Cp' and Ck-Ck' approximately equals zero; setting an industrial camera exposure value to BceAnd controlling the laser to calibrate the power B by the laserpContinuously emitting light, and calculating the center point B of the bright spot by using an image processing toollx,BlyMoving the three-dimensional worktable to a calibration coordinate matrix BmObtaining the vision system image, calculating and recording the calibration characteristic template BvObtaining and calibrating a coordinate matrix BmCorresponding image coordinate matrix Bm', according to BmAnd Bm' the corresponding relation B of the image coordinate system and the plane coordinate system formed by the X, Y axes in the three-dimensional workbench can be establishedtCompleting the calibration work; wherein
Bm＝Bt*Bm’
And executing parameter migration: after the laser parameter transplantation is started, the three-dimensional workbench of the equipment to be transplanted is firstly positioned to the coordinate Lx、Ly、LzSetting the exposure time of the vision system to be FceLaser power of FlpAdjusting the size of Lz and the percentage of area F of the laser spot covering the processing positionap' constantly changing, Ffs' continuously update, when adjusting to Fap' at minimum, the Z-axis coordinate corresponds to the laser focus, and the Z-axis is moved by FflAnd Ffs’＝FfsThe Z-axis coordinate L of the current workbenchz' is the optimum laser focal length coordinate suitable for the current equipment after transplantation; at this time, B is searched in the imagevCoordinate B ofvx、BvyCalibrated parameter BtObtaining the coordinate L of the optimal working position of the laser after conversionx' and Ly'; positioning a three-dimensional table of a device to be transplanted to Lx’、Ly’、Lz' at, set the vision system exposure time to FceMeasuring a relation function T' of the laser power and the temperature of the equipment to be transplanted in the state;
Lcdenotes the processing temperature, when T0＝LcTaking laser power P0', let T0＝f(P0') the laser power P in the device to be implanted0' for optimum operating Power, FfsOut of focus, Ffs' real-time value of defocus, T0And marking the real-time temperature value.
2. The laser brazing process grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the equipment to be transplanted and the laser brazing device for the transplantable data comprise a laser brazing head and a three-dimensional workbench, wherein the three-dimensional workbench comprises a translation X axis, a gantry structure, a processing platform deck, a translation Y axis, a vertical Z axis and a fixed adapter plate; the translation X axis is arranged on the gantry structure, and the vertical Z axis is arranged on the translation X axis; the fixed adapter plate is arranged on the vertical Z axis, and the fixed adapter plate is arranged on the laser brazing head; the machining carrying platform is arranged on a translation Y axis, and the translation Y axis drives the machining carrying platform to move back and forth under the gantry structure; the laser brazing head comprises an industrial camera, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror, an imaging lens, a first total reflection lens, a second semi-reflection and semi-transmission lens, a third semi-reflection and semi-transmission lens, a laser focusing lens, an infrared light source, an infrared temperature measuring sensor, a laser collimating lens and an optical fiber; the lower part of the infrared temperature measurement sensor is provided with a second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens, the lower part of the laser collimating lens is provided with a first full-reflecting lens, the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens are arranged in parallel, the reflecting directions of the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens are provided with a third semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens, the third semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens turns the light reflected by the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens to 90 degrees, and a laser focusing lens, an infrared light source and a product to be processed are sequentially arranged; an imaging lens, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror and an industrial camera are sequentially arranged in the direction of the reflected light.
3. The laser brazing process grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the production process of the equipment to be transplanted, an infrared temperature measuring sensor is used for sensing the surface temperature of the processed object, and the laser power is controlled in a closed loop mode through a PID algorithm, so that the processing temperature is accurately controlled, wherein the PID algorithm is as follows:
wherein t represents the sampling time, and e (t) represents the average temperature in the temperature monitoring area during the temperature closed-loop control detected by the infrared temperature measurement sensor.
4. The laser brazing process grafting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the method for measuring the relation function T between the laser power and the temperature of the portable data laser brazing device comprises the following steps: at laser power FlpK successive firing of the laser for time FltEmitting laser, wherein k is 0.1 and 0.2 … … 1, and recording the highest temperature T detected by the infrared temperature sensor each time the laser is emittedm1、Tm2……Tm10And the temperature interval of each time of emitting laser is more than 30 seconds, and the relation function T of the laser power and the temperature is obtained by linearly fitting 10 adopted temperature points.
5. The laser brazing process grafting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the step of measuring the relation function T' of the laser power and the temperature of the equipment to be transplanted is as follows: at laser power FlpK successive firing of the laser for time FltEmitting laser, wherein k is 0.1 and 0.2 … … 1, and recording the highest temperature T detected by the infrared temperature sensor each time the laser is emittedm1’、Tm2’……Tm10'and the temperature interval of each laser emission is more than 30 seconds, the relation function T' of the laser power and the temperature can be obtained by linearly fitting 10 adopted temperature points.
6. The laser brazing process grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the laser brazing device capable of transplanting data leaves a factory, the difference between the focal plane of the industrial camera and the laser focal point is less than 1 mm, the depth of field of the industrial camera is 2 mm, and the image of the visual system is calibrated by a Zhang Zhengyou calibration method.
7. The laser brazing process grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the equipment to be transplanted leaves a factory, the difference between the focal plane of the industrial camera and the laser focal point is less than 1 mm, the depth of field of the industrial camera is 2 mm, and the image of the visual system is calibrated by a Zhang Yongyou calibration method.
8. The utility model provides a laser brazing device of portable data, includes laser brazing head and three-dimensional workstation, its characterized in that: the three-dimensional workbench comprises a translation X-axis, a gantry structure, a processing platform deck, a translation Y-axis, a vertical Z-axis and a fixed adapter plate; the translation X axis is arranged on the gantry structure, and the vertical Z axis is arranged on the translation X axis; the fixed adapter plate is arranged on the vertical Z axis, and the fixed adapter plate is arranged on the laser brazing head; the machining carrying platform is arranged on a translation Y axis, and the translation Y axis drives the machining carrying platform to move back and forth under the gantry structure; the laser brazing head comprises an industrial camera, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror, an imaging lens, a first total reflection lens, a second semi-reflection and semi-transmission lens, a third semi-reflection and semi-transmission lens, a laser focusing lens, an infrared light source, an infrared temperature measuring sensor, a laser collimating lens and an optical fiber; the lower part of the infrared temperature measurement sensor is provided with a second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens, the lower part of the laser collimating lens is provided with a first full-reflecting lens, the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens are arranged in parallel, the reflecting directions of the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens are provided with a third semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens, the third semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens turns the light reflected by the first full-reflecting lens and the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens to 90 degrees, and a laser focusing lens, an infrared light source and a product to be processed are sequentially arranged; an imaging lens, a laser 0-degree total reflection mirror and an industrial camera are sequentially arranged in the direction of the reflected light.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711391168.XA CN108127206B (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | Laser brazing process transplanting method and laser brazing device capable of transplanting data |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711391168.XA CN108127206B (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | Laser brazing process transplanting method and laser brazing device capable of transplanting data |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108127206A CN108127206A (en) | 2018-06-08 |
| CN108127206B true CN108127206B (en) | 2020-07-07 |
Family
ID=62391990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711391168.XA Active CN108127206B (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | Laser brazing process transplanting method and laser brazing device capable of transplanting data |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108127206B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108873985A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-23 | 武汉博联特科技有限公司 | A kind of temprature control method and system of laser soldering |
| CN110961739B (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2021-07-30 | 武汉比天科技有限责任公司 | Tin ball welding device with coaxial vision system |
| CN111014868B (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2021-04-27 | 武汉比天科技有限责任公司 | Welding method of tin ball welding device |
| CN111266684B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-07-29 | 华工法利莱切焊系统工程有限公司 | Laser filler wire welding bare wire centering monitoring method, bare wire centering monitoring device and laser filler wire welding device |
| CN113927156A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-01-14 | 苏州科韵激光科技有限公司 | Laser processing temperature control device, method and storage medium |
| CN117655525B (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-05-24 | 惠州市振邦精密五金有限公司 | Automatic welding method and device for power battery connecting sheet |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102023614A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2011-04-20 | 深圳市大族激光科技股份有限公司 | Laser welding device |
| CN102497952A (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2012-06-13 | 普雷茨特两合公司 | Laser machining head and method of compensating for the change in focal position of a laser machining head |
| CN102554463A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Coaxial CCD (charge coupled device) imaging system applied to laser cutting |
| CN102699526A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-03 | 苏州德龙激光有限公司 | Method and device for cutting machined object by using laser |
| CN103231271A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-08-07 | 苏州瑞格思创光电科技有限公司 | Positioning device |
| EP2905104A2 (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2015-08-12 | Yuri Aleksandrovich Chivel | Method and device for optically monitoring a surface in an area thereof subject to laser radiation |
| CN104842067A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-19 | 济南微尔激光设备有限公司 | Three-dimensional laser cutting machine in five-axis linkage |
| CN105115698A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-02 | 西安立芯光电科技有限公司 | Comprehensive testing system for semiconductor laser cavity surface failure analysis |
-
2017
- 2017-12-21 CN CN201711391168.XA patent/CN108127206B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102497952A (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2012-06-13 | 普雷茨特两合公司 | Laser machining head and method of compensating for the change in focal position of a laser machining head |
| CN102023614A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2011-04-20 | 深圳市大族激光科技股份有限公司 | Laser welding device |
| EP2905104A2 (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2015-08-12 | Yuri Aleksandrovich Chivel | Method and device for optically monitoring a surface in an area thereof subject to laser radiation |
| CN102554463A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Coaxial CCD (charge coupled device) imaging system applied to laser cutting |
| CN102699526A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-03 | 苏州德龙激光有限公司 | Method and device for cutting machined object by using laser |
| CN103231271A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-08-07 | 苏州瑞格思创光电科技有限公司 | Positioning device |
| CN104842067A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-19 | 济南微尔激光设备有限公司 | Three-dimensional laser cutting machine in five-axis linkage |
| CN105115698A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-02 | 西安立芯光电科技有限公司 | Comprehensive testing system for semiconductor laser cavity surface failure analysis |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108127206A (en) | 2018-06-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108127206B (en) | Laser brazing process transplanting method and laser brazing device capable of transplanting data | |
| CN110940490B (en) | Laser spot scanning precision detection method and device of laser processing equipment | |
| CN110376963B (en) | Closed-loop control precision machining method and system based on in-situ detection | |
| US20180021751A1 (en) | Apparatuses and methods for accurate structure marking and marking-assisted structure locating | |
| JP4218209B2 (en) | Laser processing equipment | |
| CN101856773A (en) | Focusing positioning method based on initial laser processing position and laser processing device | |
| CN105598579A (en) | Laser processing device and method for carrying out vision positioning based on two coaxial CCDs | |
| CN104972221B (en) | A kind of laser process equipment and Laser Processing focus searching method | |
| CN112276339B (en) | Intelligent conformal laser scanning machining method and device for curved surface workpiece | |
| CN110093601B (en) | Method and device for laser cladding real-time thickness measurement and feedback | |
| US6201214B1 (en) | Laser drilling with optical feedback | |
| CN201693290U (en) | Laser processing device | |
| KR20130096840A (en) | Apparatus for laser marking with function of automatic regulation of focus | |
| CN111009013A (en) | Galvanometer calibration method for scribing machine | |
| CN109434278A (en) | A kind of laser processing device and method | |
| CN114160961A (en) | System and method for calibrating laser processing parameters | |
| CN109093253A (en) | The manufacturing method and laser processed article of laser processed article | |
| CN107945159A (en) | A kind of automation control system of optical fiber geometric parameter and attenuation coefficient integration testing | |
| CN211102140U (en) | Laser automatic focusing positioning device | |
| JP2003220483A (en) | Laser beam machining device and deviation correction method for use therein | |
| CN113305418A (en) | Coaxial focus searching device for laser processing and laser processing method | |
| CN109277695A (en) | A kind of laser coaxial vision system suitable for stereochemical structure workpiece | |
| JP2004243383A (en) | Laser beam machine, and laser beam machining method | |
| TW201323973A (en) | Spectral confocal system and method | |
| Garmendia et al. | Geometrical control of DED processes based on 3D scanning applied to the manufacture of complex parts |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |