CN108102318B - 可生物分解的薄膜材料 - Google Patents

可生物分解的薄膜材料 Download PDF

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CN108102318B
CN108102318B CN201710780578.7A CN201710780578A CN108102318B CN 108102318 B CN108102318 B CN 108102318B CN 201710780578 A CN201710780578 A CN 201710780578A CN 108102318 B CN108102318 B CN 108102318B
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film
mass percent
biodegradable
food
coating
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CN108102318A (zh
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巫升炎
谢奉家
钟沅甫
萧耀贵
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Chiao Fu Material Technology Co ltd
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    • B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
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Abstract

一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法，包含：可生物分解材料，由PLA、PBAT及PBS的任一或两种以上所构成，含量为60～70质量百分比；食品级农业废弃物，为淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类，粒径至少50μm以下，含量为10～30质量百分比；质改剂，可为碳酸钙(CaCO3)粉末或硅酸镁盐类粉末，其前述质改剂粒径为至少8μm以下，含量为7～29质量百分比；以及有机分解菌，为耐热型液化淀粉芽孢杆菌，含量为1～3质量百分比；前述可生物分解材料、食品级农业废弃物、质改剂及有机分解菌经制程混炼后，吹制成膜厚为40μm～60μm的可生物分解的薄膜。

Description

可生物分解的薄膜材料
技术领域
本发明提供一种可生物分解薄膜的技术领域，尤指其技术上提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法。
背景技术
按，一般常见的塑料薄膜均为石化类所提炼出来，万年不腐坏是破坏环境最大的元凶，然而，许多号称可自然分解的石化类塑料大多均是因为阳光的照射，或是空气中的化学物质与其结合所产生的化学变化，进而产生的崩解，也只是将大型塑料化成更为细小的塑料碎片，而这些细小塑料碎片仍会产生许多毒素渗入土壤，或生活环境的空气中，并无法真正的被为生物所分解，因此非真正环保。
是以，针对上述习知塑料薄膜所存在的问题点，如何开发一种更具理想实用性的创新薄膜，实消费者所殷切企盼，亦是相关业者须努力研发突破的目标及方向。
有鉴于此，发明人本于多年从事相关产品的制造开发与设计经验，针对上述的目标，详加设计与审慎评估后，终得一确具实用性的本发明。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法，包含：可生物分解材料，由PLA、PBAT及PBS的任一或两种以上所构成，含量为60～70质量百分比；食品级农业废弃物，为淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类经过精致研磨干燥后的粉末，粒径为至少50μm以下，含量为10～30质量百分比；质改剂，其可为碳酸钙(CaCO3)粉末或硅酸镁盐类粉末的任一，其前述质改剂粒径至少8μm以下，含量为7～29质量百分比；以及有机分解菌，为耐热型液化淀粉芽孢杆菌，含量为1～3质量百分比；所述可生物分解材料、食品级农业废弃物、质改剂及有机分解菌经制程混炼后，吹制成膜厚为40μm～60μm的可生物分解的薄膜。
本发明的次一目的在于提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法，是为可生物分解的一种薄膜，其所有的材料均可为微生物分解，主要所运用到的材质是为淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类所组成，非石化类制品，皆可被大自然吸收，又不会干扰或破坏整个自然环境的运作，本发明被微生物分解之后，就转化成二氧化碳、水、氢、氧、氮等等天然肥料，使得分解可同时改变土壤肥沃度，完全是符合整体自然生态的自然循环规则。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法，其应用范围可作为垃圾袋、包装袋、各种塑料薄卡片、婴儿尿布、农用材料及药物缓释载体等；还有其它涉及到环境保护的各种塑料制品，如土木绿化用网、膜等。可用于包装、餐具等表面上的薄膜、一次性医疗用品、农用薄膜、农药及化肥缓释材料、生物医用高分子材料等领域。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法，同时也致力解决农业事业废弃物的问题，因此材料里混炼了食品级农业废弃物研磨成的粉末，使该些食品级农业废弃物得以再作最后的利用，充分达到资源的运用，得以帮助农务者将这些农业废弃物妥善得到处理，也可以提高本发明在微生物分解过程的速度，降低环境对于垃圾的负担，使相关产业也可形成一个供应链，更而扩大环保的层面，又更在在分解薄膜的过程之中，该有机分解菌及所添加淀粉类、植物纤维、蛋白类，或是脂类的食品级农业废弃物所产生的二氧化碳、水、氢、氧、氮等等天然肥料，可同时改变土壤肥沃度，尤其用于农地上更具有效利用价值。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法，依照人类垃圾处理的习惯来看，皆是将垃圾进行掩埋，本发明的可生解的薄膜材料在接触到土壤与水气之后，其混炼或涂布于可生解薄膜上的有机分解菌就逐渐释放，使该有机分解菌进行微生物分解该可生物分解的薄膜材料，在分解薄膜的过程之中，该有机分解菌及所添加淀粉类、植物纤维、蛋白类，或是脂类的食品级农业废弃物所产生的二氧化碳、水、氢、氧、氮等等天然肥料，可同时改变土壤肥沃度，尤其用于农地上更具有效利用价值。
有关本发明所采用的技术、手段及其功效，兹举一较佳实施例并配合图式详细说明于后，相信本发明上述的目的、构造及特征，当可由之得一深入而具体的了解。
附图说明
图1是本发明其一制法步骤流程图。
图2是本发明另一制法步骤流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明是提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法的设计者。
为使贵审查委员对本发明的目的、特征及功效能够有更进一步的了解与认识，兹配合实施方式及图式详述如后：
由于本发明的主要构成物是以淀粉型可生解材质及淀粉类粉末、植物纤维粉末、蛋白类粉末，或是脂类粉末所构成，在其物理特性上，如拉伸强度、刚性强度、材料间的融合度(聚合度)、耐热性等等，确实无法如同石化材料般，因此提供一种无机化合物的质改剂作为上述缺点的修正及质改，本发明所用的质改剂可为碳酸钙(CaCO3)粉末或硅酸镁盐类粉末。
本发明所使用的材料包含有：PLA(聚乳酸)，PLA(聚乳酸)英语全名为PolylacticAcid或Polylactide，中文名称为聚乳酸，又称为玉米淀粉树脂，主要来源为玉米、甜菜、小麦或甘薯等淀粉或糖分经发酵、去水、聚合等方式制造而成，是一种热塑性脂肪族聚酯。生产聚乳酸所需的乳酸和丙交酯可以通过可再生资源发酵、脱水、纯化后得到，所得的聚乳酸一般具有良好的机械和加工性能，而聚乳酸产品废弃后又可以通过各种方式快速降解，因此聚乳酸被认为是一种具备良好的使用性能的绿色塑料。材料性质，聚乳酸的熔点、耐热性、机械性能、加工性能都与其结晶度有关，而影响其结晶度的最主要因素是原料中L-乳酸和D-乳酸的配比。如果原料是纯的L-乳酸或者纯D-乳酸，则所得的聚L-乳酸(简称PLLA)和聚D-乳酸(简称PDLA)都是半结晶聚合物。聚L-乳酸的结晶度大概是37％，其玻璃化转变温度大约是65℃，熔点是180℃，拉伸模量大约为3-4GPa，弯曲模量大约为4-5GPa。即使只加入少量右旋聚乳酸，结晶度也可以提高较多。比如聚L-乳酸按照一定比例和聚D-乳酸共混后，聚L-乳酸的熔点最多可以提高50℃，热弯曲温度提高了大约60℃升高到了190℃。所得的抗热性聚乳酸可以在110℃的环境下使用聚乳酸和聚苯乙烯、PETE的机械性质相似，但可连续使用的温度要低得多，结晶度提高后可以提高可连续使用的温度，但生物降解速率也随之变低了。将聚乳酸置于坩埚中加热可以汽化为可燃气体。相对于其他生物可降解材料，聚乳酸具有部分疏水性。聚乳酸和聚乳酸的共聚物的最佳溶剂是氯仿。除此之外，聚乳酸可溶于氯化溶剂、热苯、四氢呋喃和1,4-二恶烷，但不溶于水、乙醇和大多数脂肪烃溶剂。
PBAT(聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)属于热塑性生物降解塑料，是己二酸丁二醇酯和对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚物，兼具PBA和PBT的特性，既有较好的延展性和断裂伸长率，也有较好的耐热性和冲击性能；此外，还具有优良的生物降解性，是目前生物降解塑料研究中非常活跃和市场应用最好降解材料之一。PBAT是一种半结晶型聚合物，通常结晶温度在110℃附近，而熔点在130℃左右，密度在1.18g/ml～1.3g/ml之间。PBAT的结晶度大概在30％左右，且邵氏硬度在85以上。PBAT是脂肪族和芳香族的共聚物，综合了脂肪族聚酯的优异降解性能和芳香族聚酯的良好力学性能。其强韧度相当足够。
PBS(聚丁二酸丁二醇酯)，PBS(聚丁二酸丁二醇酯)英语全名为Polybutylenesuccinate，一般缩写为PBS，是一种由丁二酸(succinic acid)和1,4-丁二醇(butanediol)合成的可生物降解聚合物。它于20世纪90年代进入研究领域，价格低廉，耐热性能好。又称聚琥珀酸丁二酯，其分子式为HO-(CO-(CH2)2-CO-O-(CH2)4-O)nH形状特点为白色颗粒，PBS(聚丁二酸丁二醇酯)由丁二酸和丁二醇经缩合、聚合、合成而得之，树脂呈乳白色，无嗅无味，易被自然界的多种微生物或动植物体内的酶分解、代谢，最终分解为二氧化碳和水，是典型的可完全生物降解聚合物材料。具有良好的生物兼容性和生物可吸收性。
碳酸钙(Calcium Carbonate)：碳酸钙是一种无机化合物，俗称灰石、石灰石、石粉、大理石、方解石，是一种化合物，化学式是CaCO3，呈碱性，基本上不溶于水，溶于酸。它是地球上常见物质，存在于霰石、方解石、白垩、石灰岩、大理石、石灰华等岩石内。碳酸钙容易被广泛运用在填充树脂、塑料之中。添加碳酸钙对提高改善塑料制品某些性能以扩大其应用范围有一定作用，在塑料加工中它们可以减少树脂收缩率，改善流变态，控制粘度。还能起到以下作用：
1、提高塑料制品尺寸的稳定性：碳酸钙的添加，在塑料制品之中起到一种骨架作用，对塑料制品尺寸的稳定有很大作用。
2、提高塑料制品的硬度和刚性：碳酸钙在塑料、树脂内一般无法起增强作用，碳酸钙的粒子是可以被树脂所浸润，所以添加碳酸钙的作用是使塑料、树脂的刚性增大，弹性模量和硬度也增大。随着添加量增加，伸张强度和极伸长率都下降。不同碳酸钙，添加量不同，硬度也会不同。
3、改善塑料加工性能：碳酸钙的添加可以改变塑料的流变性能。碳酸钙粉体，在添加中往往数量比较大，这样就有助于它和其他成分的充分混合，也有助于塑料的加工成形。碳酸钙的添加，特别是经过表面处理过的碳酸钙添加之后，不但可以提高制品的硬度，还可以提高制品的表面光泽和表面平整性。碳酸钙的添加，可以减少塑料制品的收缩率、线膨胀系数、蠕变性能，为加工成形创造了条件。
4、提高塑料制品的耐热性：在一般塑料制品中添加碳酸钙，耐热性能皆有提高例如：在聚丙烯中，添加40％左右碳酸钙，耐热性提高200℃左右。在填充比≤20％时，耐热温度提高8～130℃。
硅酸镁盐类为滑石粉，主要成分是滑石含水的硅酸镁，分子式为Mg3[Si4O10](OH)2，其具有润滑性、抗黏、助流、耐火性、抗酸性、绝缘性、熔点高、化学性不活泼、遮盖力良好、柔软、光泽好、吸附力强等优良的物理、化学特性，由于滑石的结晶构造是呈层状的，所以具有易分裂成鳞片的趋向和特殊的滑润性，应用于橡胶、塑料、油漆、等化工行业作为强化改质填充剂。增加产品形状的稳定，增加张力强度，剪切强度，挠曲强度，压力强度，降低变形，伸张率，热膨胀系数，白度高、粒度均匀分散性强等特点。
有机分解菌为液化淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)，其为抑菌能力较佳，可同时具有蛋白质分解酵素、脂质分解酵素、淀粉分解酵素与纤维素分解酵素等至少4种酵素分解能力的菌株，可将前述PLA、PBAT、PBS及食品级农业废弃物分解，且不论是淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类的农业废弃物均可分解。本发明所使用菌种的学名为液化淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)，前述液化淀粉芽孢杆菌可耐热达摄氏100℃的高温。
参阅第一图所示，本发明提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料，包含有：
可生物分解材料，所述可生物分解材料是由PLA(聚乳酸)、PBAT(聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)及PBS(聚丁二酸丁二醇酯)所组成群组的任一种或二种以上所构成，前述可生物分解材料含量为60～70质量百分比；
食品级农业废弃物，为淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类经过精致研磨后的粉末，将其前述食品级农业废弃物研磨干燥后的粒径为至少50μm以下，其含量为10～30质量百分比；
质改剂，前述质改剂可为碳酸钙(CaCO3)粉末或硅酸镁盐类粉末，其前述质改剂粒径至少8μm以下，前述质改剂含量为7～29质量百分比；以及
有机分解菌，前述有机分解菌为液化淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillusamyloliquefaciens)，是属于一种耐热达摄氏100℃的耐热型芽孢杆菌，前述有机分解菌含量为1～3质量百分比；前述可生物分解材料、前述食品级农业废弃物、前述质改剂及前述有机分解菌经制程混炼后，吹制成膜厚在40μm～60μm的薄膜。
所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中前述食品级农业废弃物包括可为酒糟粉末、麦粕粉末、稻粕粉末、豆壳粉末及咖啡渣粉末所组成的群组其中的任一或任二种以上。
所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中前述食品级农业废弃物为通过无农药，无重金属残留检验的食品级农业废弃物。
所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料的制造方法，其中前述膜厚在40μm～60μm范围，并可配合生物分解所需时间，改变成型后的膜厚，以符合生物分解所需时间。
一种可生物分解的薄膜材料的制造方法，其制法步骤为：
混炼前步骤11：先将混炼机温度提高至150～170℃；
混炼制程12：可生物分解材料60～70质量百分比、粒径50μm以下食品级农业废弃物10～30质量百分比、粒径8μm以下质改剂7～29质量百分比及有机分解菌1～3质量百分比，于150～170℃温度下，于10秒内充分混炼后押出成粒状；
吹制制程13：前述混炼后押出成粒状后，维持于150～170℃温度下，于10秒内吹制成薄膜，其有机分解菌所含的活菌数量仍维持在9.5×101CFU/cm2，成型之后的标准膜厚在40μm～60μm。
参阅第二图所示，本发明提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料，包含有：
可生物分解材料，前述可生物分解材料是由PLA(聚乳酸)、PBAT(聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)及PBS(聚丁二酸丁二醇酯)所组成群组的任一种或二种以上所构成，前述可生物分解材料含量为20～50质量百分比；
食品级农业废弃物，为淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类经过精致研磨后的粉末，将其前述食品级农业废弃物研磨干燥后的粒径为至少50μm以下，其含量为10～30质量百分比；
质改剂，前述质改剂为碳酸钙(CaCO3)粉末或硅酸镁盐类粉末，其前述质改剂粒径至少8μm以下，前述质改剂含量为10～30质量百分比；前述可生物分解材料、前述食品级农业废弃物、前述质改剂经混炼后，吹制成膜厚为40μm～60μm的薄膜；
涂布剂，是由具黏附着力的淀粉、水及有机分解菌均匀搅拌之后所得，前述有机分解菌为液化淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)，是属于一种耐热型的芽孢杆菌；前述涂布剂的质量百分之百中，淀粉含量为9.8～19.8质量百分比，水含量为80～90质量百分比，有机分解菌含量为0.2质量百分比，等于是将有机分解菌稀释至1/500；把已将有机分解菌稀释至1/500的前述涂布剂以一种涂布方式均匀涂布于前述薄膜上下表面后，使前述薄膜自然干燥，其有机分解菌所含的活菌数量仍维持在7×102CFU/cm2以内。
其前述所提及的CFU/cm2指每平方公分的农地膜所含有的芽孢杆菌的菌落平均数目。
所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中前述涂布方式可为喷涂法、刷涂法、印涂法及浸涂法所组成群组的其中之一。
其中，当使用印涂法进行涂布时，其前述涂布剂的质量百分之百中，淀粉含量为80～90质量百分比，水含量为10～20质量百分比，有机分解菌含量为1～3质量百分比。
所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中前述食品级农业废弃物包括可为酒糟粉末、麦粕粉末、稻粕粉末、豆壳粉末及咖啡渣粉末所组成的群组其中的任一或任二种以上。
所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中前述食品级农业废弃物为通过无农药，无重金属残留检验的食品级农业废弃物。
所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料的制造方法，其中前述膜厚在40μm～60μm范围，并可配合生物分解所需时间，改变成型后的膜厚，以符合生物分解所需时间。
一种可生物分解的薄膜材料的制造方法，其制法步骤为：
混炼前步骤21：先将混炼机温度提高至150～170℃；
混炼制程22：可生物分解材料20～50质量百分比、粒径50μm以下食品级农业废弃物10～30质量百分比及粒径8μm以下质改剂10～30质量百分比，于150～170℃温度下，于10秒内充分混炼后押出成粒状；
吹制制程23：前述混炼后押出成粒状后，维持于150～170℃温度下，于10秒内吹制成薄膜，成型之后的标准膜厚在40μm～60μm；
涂布剂制作制程24：使有机分解菌的液化淀粉芽孢杆菌含量为0.2质量百分比，以淀粉含量为9.8～19.8质量百分比，水含量为80～90质量百分比，即是将有机分解菌稀释至1/500；以之制成涂布剂；
涂布制程25：将涂布剂用喷涂法、刷涂法、印涂法或浸涂法的涂布方式均匀涂布于前述薄膜上下表面；
涂布后制程26：涂布后，使前述薄膜自然干燥，检测成型后的薄膜，其所含活菌数量仍维持在7×102CFU/cm2以内。
其中，当使用前述印涂法进行涂布时，其前述涂布剂的质量百分之百中，淀粉含量为80～90质量百分比，水含量为10～20质量百分比，有机分解菌含量为1～3质量百分比。
前文是针对本发明的较佳实施例为本发明的技术特征进行具体的说明；惟，熟悉此项技术的人士当可在不脱离本发明的精神与原则下对本发明进行变更与修改，而所述变更与修改，皆应涵盖于如下权利要求所界定的范围中。
综上所述，本发明提供一种可生物分解的薄膜材料及其制造方法，其确已达到本发明的所有目的，另其组合结构的空间型态未见于同类产品，亦未曾公开于申请前，已符合专利法的规定，爰依法提出申请。
符号说明
11 混炼前步骤
12 混炼制程
13 吹制制程
21 混炼前步骤
22 混炼制程
23 吹制制程
24 涂布剂制作制程
25 涂布制程
26 涂布后制程

Claims (13)

1.一种可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中薄膜材料包含有：
可生物分解材料，所述可生物分解材料是由PLA、PBAT及PBS所组成群组的任一种或二种以上所构成，所述可生物分解材料含量为60~70质量百分比；
食品级农业废弃物，为淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类经过精致研磨后的粉末，将所述食品级农业废弃物研磨干燥后的粒径为至少50µm以下，其含量为10~30质量百分比；
质改剂，所述质改剂为碳酸钙粉末或硅酸镁盐类粉末，所述质改剂粒径为至少8µm以下，所述质改剂含量为7~29质量百分比；以及
有机分解菌，所述有机分解菌为液化淀粉芽孢杆菌，是属于一种耐热达摄氏100°C的耐热型芽孢杆菌，所述有机分解菌含量为1~3质量百分比；所述可生物分解材料、所述食品级农业废弃物、所述质改剂及所述有机分解菌经制程混炼后，吹制成膜厚在40µm~60µm的薄膜。
2.如权利要求1所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中所述食品级农业废弃物包括可为酒糟粉末、麦粕粉末、稻粕粉末、豆壳粉末及咖啡渣粉末所组成的群组其中的任一或任二种以上。
3.如权利要求1所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中所述食品级农业废弃物为通过无农药，无重金属残留检验的食品级农业废弃物。
4.如权利要求1所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中所述膜厚在40µm~60µm范围，并可配合生物分解所需时间，改变成型后的膜厚，以符合生物分解所需时间。
5.一种可生物分解的薄膜材料的制造方法，其制法步骤为：
混炼前步骤：先将混炼机温度提高至150~170°C；
混炼制程：可生物分解材料60~70质量百分比、粒径50µm以下，食品级农业废弃物10~30质量百分比、粒径8µm以下，质改剂7~29质量百分比及液化淀粉芽孢杆菌1~3质量百分比，于150~170°C温度下，于10秒内充分混炼后押出成粒状；
吹制制程：所述混炼后押出成粒状后，维持于150~170°C温度下，于10秒内吹制成薄膜，其所含活菌数量仍维持在9.5×101 CFU/cm2，成型之后的标准膜厚在40µm~60µm。
6.一种可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中薄膜材料包含有：
可生物分解材料，所述可生物分解材料是由PLA、PBAT及PBS所组成群组的任一种或二种以上所构成，所述可生物分解材料含量为20~50质量百分比；
食品级农业废弃物，为淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类经过精致研磨后的粉末，将所述食品级农业废弃物研磨干燥后的粒径为至少50µm以下，其含量为10~30质量百分比；
质改剂，所述质改剂为碳酸钙粉末或硅酸镁盐类粉末，所述质改剂粒径为至少8µm以下，所述质改剂含量为10~30质量百分比；所述可生物分解材料、所述食品级农业废弃物、所述质改剂经混炼后，吹制成膜厚为40µm~60µm的薄膜；
涂布剂，是由具黏附着力的淀粉、水及有机分解菌均匀搅拌之后所得，所述有机分解菌为液化淀粉芽孢杆菌，是属于一种耐热达摄氏100°C的耐热型芽孢杆菌；所述涂布剂的质量百分之百中，淀粉含量为9.8~19.8质量百分比，水含量为80~90质量百分比，有机分解菌含量为0.2质量百分比；把已将有机分解菌稀释至1/500的所述涂布剂以一种涂布方式均匀涂布于所述薄膜上下表面后，使所述薄膜自然干燥，其所含活菌数量仍维持在7×102 CFU/cm2以内。
7.如权利要求6所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中所述涂布方式可为喷涂法、刷涂法及浸涂法所组成群组的其中之一。
8.如权利要求6所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中所述食品级农业废弃物包括可为酒糟粉末、麦粕粉末、稻粕粉末、豆壳粉末及咖啡渣粉末所组成的群组其中的任一或任二种以上。
9.如权利要求6所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中所述食品级农业废弃物为通过无农药，无重金属残留检验的食品级农业废弃物。
10.如权利要求6所述的可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中所述膜厚在40µm~60µm范围，并可配合生物分解所需时间，改变成型后的膜厚，以符合生物分解所需时间。
11.一种可生物分解的薄膜材料的制造方法，其制法步骤为：
混炼前步骤：先将混炼机温度提高至150~170°C；
混炼制程：可生物分解材料20~50质量百分比、粒径50µm以下食品级农业废弃物10~30质量百分比及粒径8µm以下质改剂10~30质量百分比，于150~170°C温度下，于10秒内充分混炼后押出成粒状；
吹制制程：所述混炼后押出成粒状后，维持于150~170°C温度下，于10秒内吹制成薄膜，成型之后的标准膜厚在40µm~60µm；
涂布剂制作制程：使有机分解菌的液化淀粉芽孢杆菌含量为0.2质量百分比，以淀粉含量为9.8~19.8质量百分比，水含量为80~90质量百分比，即是将有机分解菌稀释至1/500；以之制成涂布剂；
涂布制程：将涂布剂用喷涂法、刷涂法或浸涂法的涂布方式均匀涂布于所述薄膜上下表面；
涂布后制程：涂布后，使所述薄膜自然干燥，检测成型后的薄膜，其所含活菌数量仍维持在7×102 CFU/cm2以内。
12.一种可生物分解的薄膜材料，其中薄膜材料包含有：
可生物分解材料，所述可生物分解材料是由PLA、PBAT及PBS所组成群组的任一种或二种以上所构成，所述可生物分解材料含量为20~50质量百分比；
食品级农业废弃物，为淀粉类、纤维类、蛋白质类或脂类经过精致研磨后的粉末，将所述食品级农业废弃物研磨干燥后的粒径为至少50µm以下，其含量为10~30质量百分比；
质改剂，所述质改剂为碳酸钙粉末或硅酸镁盐类粉末，所述质改剂粒径至少8µm以下，所述质改剂含量为10~30质量百分比；所述可生物分解材料、所述食品级农业废弃物、所述质改剂经混炼后，吹制成膜厚为40µm~60µm的薄膜；
涂布剂，是由具黏附着力的淀粉、水及有机分解菌均匀搅拌之后所得，所述有机分解菌为液化淀粉芽孢杆菌，是属于一种耐热100摄氏度的耐热型芽孢杆菌；所述涂布剂的质量百分之百中，淀粉含量为80~90质量百分比，水含量为10~20质量百分比，有机分解菌含量为1~3质量百分比；把所述涂布剂以一种印涂法的涂布方式均匀涂布于所述薄膜上下表面后，使所述薄膜自然干燥，其所含活菌数量仍维持在7×102 CFU/cm2以内。
13.一种可生物分解的薄膜材料的制造方法，其制法步骤为：
混炼前步骤：先将混炼机温度提高至150~170°C；
混炼制程：可生物分解材料20~50质量百分比、粒径50µm以下食品级农业废弃物10~30质量百分比及粒径8µm以下质改剂10~30质量百分比，于150~170°C温度下，于10秒内充分混炼后押出成粒状；
吹制制程：所述混炼后押出成粒状后，维持于150~170°C温度下，于10秒内吹制成薄膜，成型之后的标准膜厚在40µm~60µm；
涂布剂制作制程：使有机分解菌的液化淀粉芽孢杆菌含量为1~3质量百分比，以淀粉含量为80~90质量百分比，水含量为10~20质量百分比；以之制成涂布剂；
涂布制程：将涂布剂用印涂法的涂布方式均匀涂布于所述薄膜上下表面；
涂布后制程：涂布后，使所述薄膜自然干燥，检测成型后的薄膜，其所含活菌数量仍维持在7×102 CFU/cm2以内。
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