CN108064779A - The breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline - Google Patents
The breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline Download PDFInfo
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- CN108064779A CN108064779A CN201711202739.0A CN201711202739A CN108064779A CN 108064779 A CN108064779 A CN 108064779A CN 201711202739 A CN201711202739 A CN 201711202739A CN 108064779 A CN108064779 A CN 108064779A
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- 241000238552 Penaeus monodon Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 210000004602 germ cell Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000583629 Cypridopsis vidua Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001071 malnutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000824 malnutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding methods of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline, and the cultivation of salinity adjustment type is carried out by using several bench scopes, and the screening varieties of resistance to less salt can be preferably carried out to Penaeus monodon.The present invention screens Penaeus monodon without being to maintain the form that a certain less salt angle value is held essentially constant using the mode of gradient scope, breeding water body salinity makes the Penaeus monodon kind of screening be more able to the situation of the influence salinity pair such as tornado or a drenching rain under the conditions of reform of nature to Low-salinity direction change process in the case of this mode can preferably simulate nature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Penaeus monodon rearing new variety technology more particularly to a kind of Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new varieties
The breeding method of system.
Background technology
Penaeus monodon has eurysalinity, energy high temperature resistant and hypoxemia, weaker to the adaptive faculty of low temperature.Disease resistance is stronger.It is a
Body is big, and shell is thicker, and edible ratio is less than Chinese prawn, and delicious meat is full of nutrition.Body shell is more solid, stands and is arrested with hand.
From after water it is dry be exposed to air endurance it is very strong, shrimp living can be sold.It is 5~25 to the accommodation of salinity, and closer
10 growths are faster.It is suitble to coastal, the river mouth beach of Penaeus monodon life habit, can be adopted to build pond and support shrimp, water source is pure, nothing
Industrial pollution, temperature, proportion, the mobility scale of pH value will be suitable within the scope of the biological time limit of Penaeus monodon.Nearby have light
Water injects or has underground water, convenient for guiding or digging a well with sea water mixing to adjust proportion.
Due to the influence of Penaeus monodon growing environment, in the various conditions for seriously affecting water salinity such as the weather such as heavy rain
Under, while also easily the risen suddenly and sharply impact of river water of the cultivation place such as river mouth causes Low-salinity environment, if it is possible to cultivate adaptation
Low-salinity condition Penaeus monodon kind can then improve the stress that the resistance salinity acute variation of Penaeus monodon is brought, grow
To continue, the death rate can also substantially reduce.And Penaeus monodon can be expanded, fresh water impact is easily subject to cause salinity in river mouth etc.
The growing environment of variation is reduced, is of great significance in terms of the cultivation place of Penaeus monodon is expanded.
The content of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of training of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline
Method is educated, the salinity of breeding water body is divided into several gradient scopes, and the salinity median of each gradient scope is followed successively by from high to low
1st salinity range, the 2nd salinity range ..., N salinity ranges, N+1 salinity ranges ..., N+M salinity ranges, wherein N
It is positive integer with M；
From the 1st salinity range into N salinity ranges, the lower limiting value of salinity range tapers into, and any salinity model
The salinity upper limit value enclosed in a upper range,
From N+1 salinity ranges into N+M salinity ranges, the upper limit value of salinity range tapers into, and any salt
The salinity lower limiting value of scope is spent in the range of a lower limit；
The adjustment operating time of N salinity ranges was corresponded in the N periods；
Several tail Penaeus monodons are put into aquaculture pond, then according to ladder scope by the 1st salinity range to N+M salt
Degree scope corresponding period is cultivated successively；
Wherein, the salinity adjustment of breeding water body carries out salinity adjustment cultivation in the following way within the N periods：It will cultivation
The upper limit value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of water body gradually decreases to the lower limiting value of N salinity ranges, then again by breeding water body
The lower limiting value of salinity from N salinity ranges be gradually increased to the upper limit values of N+1 salinity ranges.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the salinity of breeding water body is adjusted and followed the steps below within the N periods
Salinity adjustment cultivation：
(1) upper limit value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of breeding water body is gradually decreased to the lower limit of N salinity ranges
Then the lower limiting value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of breeding water body is gradually increased to the upper limit value of N salinity ranges by value again；
(2) step (1) is repeated several times；
(3) lower limiting value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of breeding water body is gradually increased to the upper limit of N+1 salinity ranges
Value.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seed shrimp obtained after salinity adjustment cultivation is subjected to mating oviposition, then will
The shrimp seedling of hatching carries out the salinity adjustment cultivation of next round；So carry out several take turns up to the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, further include and removed in time due to dead spot section pair caused by Low-salinity stress
Shrimp.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper range of breeding water body salinity is 23-25.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower range of breeding water body salinity is 4-6.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by fresh water and the seawater of certain mixed proportion are passed through to the aquaculture pond come
Control the salinity of breeding water body.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the N periods are 30-80 days.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sea salt of 2-5% weight ratios is added in breeding feed.
The present invention solves defect present in background technology, and the present invention possesses following advantageous effect：
(1) by using several bench scopes carry out salinity adjustment type cultivation, can preferably to Penaeus monodon into
The screening varieties of the resistance to less salt of row.The present invention is held essentially constant using the mode of gradient scope without being to maintain a certain less salt angle value
Form Penaeus monodon is screened, this mode on the one hand can preferably simulate in the case of nature breeding water body salinity to
Low-salinity direction change process makes the Penaeus monodon kind of screening be more able to tornado or heavy rain under the conditions of reform of nature and inclines
Basin etc. influences the situation of salinity pair, on the other hand, Penaeus monodon is made to adapt to a salinity range rather than a specific salinity
Value, screening effect more optimizes, pervasive stronger.
(2) domestication is with screening since shrimp seedling, and originally each salinity range keeps high level (such as using upper limit value salinity
24,34) the average salinity of seawater is, and lower limiting value gradually test, is so ensureing that each salinity range median is gradually reduced
While lowering average salinity, the bound difference of salinity range is also gradually expanded, makes Penaeus monodon in the seedling shrimp juvenile prawn stage
Just gradual Low-salinity is mainly adapted to gradual two kinds of growing environment factor volumes of salt angle value fluctuation to change；With salt angle value
Fluctuating range change to utmostly after, narrow fluctuating range gradual, but the lower limiting value of salinity range is protected substantially at this time
Floor level is held, and the upper limit value of salinity range gradually reduces, overall trend is to ensure that breeding water body salinity is slowly gradual
Also Penaeus monodon is made to adapt to salinity while decline to fluctuate widely.
(3) under the double action of Low-salinity stress and salinity big ups and downs stress, it may appear that part Penaeus monodon is dead
The phenomenon that, this process, which needs to observe at any time, pays attention to shrimp feelings, and removes dead shrimp in time, ensures that the screening process of each round can be whole
Held stationary.The Penaeus monodon kind of Low-salinity is adapted to can preferably be filtered out in procreation by the screening of Duolun wheel, it is more
It is secondary to multiply the germline that further stablize shrimp.
(4) in low salinity stocking water body, it is necessary to be added in breeding feed a certain amount of when particularly salinity is less than 8
Sea salt ensures intake of the Penaeus monodon for sea salt, ensures the demand of Penaeus monodon growth course, can so reduce spot section
The case fatality rate of prawn excludes the invalid screening brought up in screening process due to malnutrition.
(5) aquaculture pond is passed through a certain proportion of fresh water and seawater by water pump in time, so can be with quick response aquaculture pond
The demand that salinity adjusts in screening process, it is the promptness of salinity adjustment to ensure screening.
(6) it is mutually coherent from the 1st period to N+M periods, the growth time with Penaeus monodon is thought on the whole
It coincide, when completing the last one period, Penaeus monodon is just basic or approaches into shrimp and can carry out mating procreation.So just realize
The synchronous growth links for running through Penaeus monodon of screening domestication of Penaeus monodon.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples；
Fig. 1 is salinity adjustment figure of each gradient scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention during cultivating；
Specific embodiment
Presently in connection with drawings and examples, the present invention is described in further detail, these attached drawings are simplified signal
Figure only illustrates the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic way, therefore it only shows composition related to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline, the salinity of breeding water body is divided into several
A gradient scope, the salinity median of each gradient scope be followed successively by from high to low the 1st salinity range to the 5th salinity range and
6th salinity range to the 9th salinity range；The adjustment operating time of each salinity range was corresponded in itself specific period；It will
Several tail Penaeus monodons are put into aquaculture pond, then each right to the 9th salinity range by the 1st salinity range according to ladder scope
The period answered is cultivated successively；Wherein, the salinity adjustment of breeding water body carries out salinity in the following way in arbitrary period
Adjustment cultivation：The salinity adjustment of breeding water body follows the steps below salinity adjustment cultivation in any time period：It (1) will cultivation
The upper limit value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of water body gradually decreases to the lower limiting value of N salinity ranges, then again by breeding water body
The lower limiting value of salinity from N salinity ranges be gradually increased to the upper limit values of N salinity ranges；(2) it is several to repeat step (1)
It is secondary；(3) lower limiting value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of breeding water body is gradually increased to the upper limit value of N+1 salinity ranges.
The cultivation of salinity adjustment type is carried out by using several bench scopes, preferably Penaeus monodon can be carried out resistance to
The screening varieties of less salt.The shape that the present invention is held essentially constant using the mode of gradient scope without being to maintain a certain less salt angle value
Formula screens Penaeus monodon, on the one hand this mode can preferably simulate in the case of nature breeding water body salinity to less salt
Direction change process is spent, the Penaeus monodon kind of screening is made to be more able to tornado or a drenching rain etc. under the conditions of reform of nature
The situation of salinity pair is influenced, on the other hand, Penaeus monodon is made to adapt to a salinity range rather than a specific salt angle value,
Screening effect more optimizes, pervasive stronger.
From the 1st salinity range into the 5th salinity range, the lower limiting value of salinity range tapers into, and any salinity model
The salinity upper limit value enclosed is in a upper range, from the 6th salinity range into the 9th salinity range, the upper limit of salinity range
Value tapers into, and the salinity lower limiting value of any salinity range is in the range of a lower limit；Domestication and screening, rise since shrimp seedling
Just each salinity range using upper limit value salinity keeps high level (such as 24,34) the average salinity of seawater is, and lower limiting value is gradually
Test so while ensureing that each salinity range median is gradually reduced attenuating averagely salinity, also gradually expands salinity
The bound difference of scope makes Penaeus monodon just mainly adapt to gradual Low-salinity and gradual salt angle value in the seedling shrimp juvenile prawn stage
Two kinds of growing environment factor volume variations of fluctuation；After being changed to utmostly with the fluctuating range of salt angle value, gradually receiving
Narrow fluctuating range, but the lower limiting value of salinity range remains to floor level substantially at this time, and the upper limit value of salinity range is gradually
Reduce, overall trend be ensure breeding water body salinity slowly gradual decline while Penaeus monodon is also made to adapt to salinity significantly
Degree fluctuation.
The seed shrimp obtained after salinity adjustment cultivation is subjected to mating oviposition, then the shrimp seedling of hatching is carried out to the salt of next round
Degree adjustment cultivation；So carry out several take turns up to the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline.It is phase from the 1st period to the 9th period
It is mutually coherent, want to coincide with the growth time of Penaeus monodon on the whole, when completing the last one period, Penaeus monodon just base
This or close into shrimp mating procreation can be carried out.The screening domestication of Penaeus monodon is so just realized synchronously through Penaeus monodon
Grow links.
It further includes and is removed in time due to dead Penaeus monodon caused by Low-salinity stress, it is violent in Low-salinity stress and salinity
Under the double action for fluctuating stress, it may appear that the phenomenon that part Penaeus monodon is dead, this process, which needs to observe at any time, pays attention to shrimp feelings,
And dead shrimp is removed in time, ensure that the screening process of each round being capable of whole held stationary.By the screening of Duolun wheel with multiplying
The Penaeus monodon kind for adapting to Low-salinity can be preferably filtered out, repeatedly procreation can further stablize the germline of shrimp.
The upper range of breeding water body salinity is 23-25, and the lower range of breeding water body salinity is 4-6.Due to being difficult to essence
The really salinity in control aquaculture pond, therefore there is the error in the range of ± 2 in the salt angle value of the invention pointed out.
The salinity of breeding water body is controlled by being passed through fresh water and the seawater of certain mixed proportion to the aquaculture pond.Cultivation
Pond is passed through a certain proportion of fresh water and seawater by water pump in time, so can with quick response aquaculture pond in screening process salinity
The demand of adjustment, it is the promptness of salinity adjustment to ensure screening.
The N periods are 30-80 days.
In low salinity stocking water body, it is necessary to add a certain amount of sea salt in breeding feed when particularly salinity is less than 8
Ensure intake of the Penaeus monodon for sea salt, the sea salt of 2-5% weight ratios is added in general breeding feed, can so ensure
The demand of Penaeus monodon growth course, can so reduce the case fatality rate of Penaeus monodon, exclude in screening process due to nutrition not
The invalid screening of good achievements.
Above desirable embodiment according to the invention is enlightenment, and by above-mentioned description, related personnel completely can be with
Without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention', various changes and amendments are carried out.The technical scope of this invention
The content being not limited on specification, it is necessary to determine the technical scope according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline, which is characterized in that the salinity of breeding water body is divided into several
A gradient scope, the salinity median of each gradient scope are followed successively by the 1st salinity range, the 2nd salinity range ..., from high to low
N salinity ranges, N+1 salinity ranges ..., N+M salinity ranges, wherein N and M are positive integer；
From the 1st salinity range into N salinity ranges, the lower limiting value of salinity range tapers into, and any salinity range
Salinity upper limit value in a upper range,
From N+1 salinity ranges into N+M salinity ranges, the upper limit value of salinity range tapers into, and any salinity model
The salinity lower limiting value enclosed is in the range of a lower limit；
The adjustment operating time of N salinity ranges was corresponded in the N periods；
Several tail Penaeus monodons are put into aquaculture pond, then according to ladder scope by the 1st salinity range to N+M salinity models
Corresponding period is enclosed to be cultivated successively；
Wherein, the salinity adjustment of breeding water body carries out salinity adjustment cultivation in the following way within the N periods：By breeding water body
The upper limit value of salinity from N salinity ranges gradually decrease to the lower limiting values of N salinity ranges, then again by the salt of breeding water body
Spend the upper limit value that N+1 salinity ranges are gradually increased to from the lower limiting value of N salinity ranges.
2. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The salinity adjustment of breeding water body follows the steps below salinity adjustment cultivation in the N periods：
（1）The upper limit value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of breeding water body is gradually decreased to the lower limiting value of N salinity ranges, so
The lower limiting value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of breeding water body is gradually increased to the upper limit value of N salinity ranges again afterwards；
（2）Repeat step（1）Several times；
（3）The lower limiting value of salinity from the N salinity ranges of breeding water body is gradually increased to the upper limit value of N+1 salinity ranges.
3. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：
The seed shrimp obtained after salinity adjustment cultivation is subjected to mating oviposition, then salinity adjustment that the shrimp seedling of hatching is carried out to next round is supported
It grows；So carry out several take turns up to the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline.
4. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
It includes and is removed in time due to dead Penaeus monodon caused by Low-salinity stress.
5. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cultivation
The upper range of water salinity is 23-25.
6. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cultivation
The lower range of water salinity is 4-6.
7. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pass through
Fresh water and the seawater of certain mixed proportion are passed through to the aquaculture pond to control the salinity of breeding water body.
8. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：N
Period is 30-80 days.
9. a kind of breeding method of the Penaeus monodon of resistance to less salt new product germline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cultivation
The sea salt of 2-5% weight ratios is added in feed.
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| CN109868222A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-11 | 南通龙洋水产有限公司 | A method of cultivating salt-tolerant cultures in dragon design spot circulating water culture system |
| CN110063284A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | A kind of breeding method of resistance to roughage Penaeus monodon new varieties (being) |
| CN114873743A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-09 | 海南大学 | Device and method for realizing rapid enrichment culture of marine anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109868222A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-11 | 南通龙洋水产有限公司 | A method of cultivating salt-tolerant cultures in dragon design spot circulating water culture system |
| CN110063284A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | A kind of breeding method of resistance to roughage Penaeus monodon new varieties (being) |
| CN110063284B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2021-10-08 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Method for breeding new variety (line) of penaeus monodon with crude feed resistance |
| CN114873743A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-09 | 海南大学 | Device and method for realizing rapid enrichment culture of marine anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria |
| CN114873743B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-03-10 | 海南大学 | Device and method for realizing rapid enrichment culture of marine anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria |
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| CN108064779B (en) | 2019-07-26 |
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