CN108048182B - 一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108048182B
CN108048182B CN201711366429.2A CN201711366429A CN108048182B CN 108048182 B CN108048182 B CN 108048182B CN 201711366429 A CN201711366429 A CN 201711366429A CN 108048182 B CN108048182 B CN 108048182B
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孔令坡
谢恩情
刘鲤粽
王玉超
翟晶
于维雨
王继勇
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Abstract

一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂及制备方法，属于煤炭开采装备用液压传动介质技术领域。以水、蓖麻油、氢氧化钾、油酸、三乙醇胺、乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚、醚羧酸、山梨醇酐油酸酯、苯并三氮唑等为原料，在一定温度、常压下反应制得一种复合功能添加剂，同时具备缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性、耐高低温性能、抗硬水能力及低温还原能力，在基础油70SN中溶解性好。

Description

一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂及制备方法，属于煤炭开采装备用液压传动介质技术领域。
背景技术
近年来，随着煤炭开采工艺的不断进步，煤炭开采装备日趋现代化，液压支架也向大工作阻力、大采高、电液控制的方向发展,这对液压支架的液压传动介质提出了更高的要求。具有高稳定性、高润滑性、对煤矿井下水质高度适应性的液压传动介质对液压支架运行的稳定性和可靠性至关重要；对保障煤矿井下安全生产和正常运行、高产高效、降低生产成本、提高煤矿企业的经济效益具有重要的意义。
液压支架用乳化油作为液压支架的液压传动介质在实际生产中发挥着非常重要的保障作用。液压支架用乳化油是由保证具有高稳定性、对矿用设备高防护能力、良好润滑性的高品质添加剂精制而成。稀释液用于国内及进口成套综采设备液压动力及控制系统，产品需完全满足煤炭行业标准MT76-2011《液压支架用乳化油、浓缩液及其高含水液压液》的要求。
基础油是乳化油的基本组成，作为各种添加剂的载体，形成水包油型乳化液的分散相。液压支架用乳化油通常是由基础油、乳化剂、防锈剂、防腐蚀剂、消泡剂等组分在常温或一定温度下调和而成。
液压支架用乳化油的性能与质量，很大程度上取决于功能添加剂的性能。目前，市场上现有功能添加剂的性能单一，逐一选择会给液压支架用乳化油的生产带来较大麻烦。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有液压支架用乳化油生产工艺的缺点，以水、蓖麻油、氢氧化钾、油酸、三乙醇胺、乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚、醚羧酸、山梨醇酐油酸酯、苯并三氮唑等为原料，在一定温度、常压下反应制得一种复合功能添加剂，同时具备缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性、耐高低温性能、抗硬水能力以及低温还原性，在基础油70SN中溶解性好。
本发明以水、蓖麻油、氢氧化钾、油酸、三乙醇胺、乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚、醚羧酸、山梨醇酐油酸酯、苯并三氮唑等为原料，在一定温度和常压下反应制得本品，主要原料及用量比例如下(wt％)：
Figure BDA0001512819180000021
本发明的生产步骤是：⑴将水、氢氧化钾和蓖麻油加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至85～95℃，在该温度下皂化反应1小时，制备蓖麻油氢氧化钾皂。⑵将油酸和三乙醇胺加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至90～100℃，在该温度下皂化反应1.5小时，制备油酸三乙醇胺皂。⑶将蓖麻油氢氧化钾皂、油酸三乙醇胺皂、乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚、醚羧酸、山梨醇酐油酸酯、苯并三氮唑依次加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至30～40℃，在该温度下搅拌30分钟，即得产品。
蓖麻油或油酸能够与钙镁离子反应，生成钙镁皂，乳化油长期使用过程中油皂聚集、析出易堵塞阀件。醚羧酸的使用，提高了钙镁皂的分散性和乳化液的稳定性，减少了油皂析出，使乳化液更加稳定。同时还能保证所得复合功能添加剂外观保持透明均一流体。三乙二醇丁醚的使用提高了乳化油产品的低温还原能力，提高了其气候适应性，使乳化油可在-4℃以上恢复原状。
将基础油70SN搅拌加热至40℃，将复合功能添加剂、水溶性硅油投入到基础油中搅拌均匀，即可获得具有良好的缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性、耐高低温性能及抗硬水能力的液压支架用乳化油，复合功能添加剂占液压支架用乳化油的40～50wt％，水溶性硅油占液压支架用乳化油的0.1～0.3wt％；该产品完全满足煤炭行业标准MT76-2011《液压支架用乳化油、浓缩液及其高含水液压液》的要求。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步举例说明，但本发明并不限于以下实施例。以下实施例物质均为商业化产，如醚羧酸为科莱恩公司的Emulsogen CLE 070。
实施例1
一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂含如下组分，各组分的质量百分含量之和为100％，各组分的质量百分比分别为：
Figure BDA0001512819180000041
该用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂的制备方法是：⑴按照各自的质量百分比，取所述的水、氢氧化钾和蓖麻油加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至85～95℃，在该温度下皂化反应1小时，制备蓖麻油氢氧化钾皂。⑵然后按照各自的质量百分比，将油酸和三乙醇胺加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至90～100℃，在该温度下皂化反应1.5小时，制备油酸三乙醇胺皂。⑶将制得的蓖麻油氢氧化钾皂、油酸三乙醇胺皂加入反应釜中，再按照各自的质量百分比将乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚、醚羧酸、山梨醇酐油酸酯、苯并三氮唑依次加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至30～40℃，在该温度下搅拌30分钟，即得产品。
将基础油70SN按59.9wt％的用量搅拌加热至40℃，将复合功能添加剂按40wt％的用量、水溶性硅油按0.1wt％的用量投入到基础油中搅拌均匀，可以获得具有良好的缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性及抗硬水能力的液压支架用乳化油，该产品完全满足煤炭行业标准MT76-2011《液压支架用乳化油、浓缩液及其高含水液压液》的要求。测试结果如下：
Figure BDA0001512819180000051
上述所得乳化油产品注入直径为300mm至100ml刻度处的比色管内，在低温-21℃—-16℃冻8h时间，然后取出，置于温度10℃-35℃下16小时作为一次冻融过程，重复5个循环；或/和在低温-21℃--16℃冻8h时间，然后取出在-4℃-0℃条件下低温还原16h时间即可还原。
实施例2
一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂含如下组分，各组分的质量百分含量之和为100％，各组分的质量百分比分别为：
Figure BDA0001512819180000052
Figure BDA0001512819180000061
该用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂的制备方法是：⑴按照各自的质量百分比，取所述的水、氢氧化钾和蓖麻油加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至85～95℃，在该温度下皂化反应1小时，制备蓖麻油氢氧化钾皂。⑵然后按照各自的质量百分比，将油酸和三乙醇胺加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至90～100℃，在该温度下皂化反应1.5小时，制备油酸三乙醇胺皂。⑶将制得的蓖麻油氢氧化钾皂、油酸三乙醇胺皂加入反应釜中，再按照各自的质量百分比将乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚、醚羧酸、山梨醇酐油酸酯、苯并三氮唑依次加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至30～40℃，在该温度下搅拌30分钟，即得产品。
将基础油70SN按50.0wt％的用量搅拌加热至40℃，将复合功能添加剂按49.9wt％的用量、水溶性硅油按0.1wt％的用量投入到基础油中搅拌均匀，可以获得具有良好的缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性及抗硬水能力的液压支架用乳化油，该产品完全满足煤炭行业标准MT76-2011《液压支架用乳化油、浓缩液及其高含水液压液》的要求。测试结果如下：
Figure BDA0001512819180000062
Figure BDA0001512819180000071
上述所得乳化油产品注入直径为300mm至100ml刻度处的比色管内，在低温-21℃—-16℃冻8h时间，然后取出，置于温度10℃-35℃下16小时作为一次冻融过程，重复5个循环；或/和在低温-21℃--16℃冻8h时间，然后取出在-4℃-0℃条件下低温还原16h时间即可还原。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂，其特征在于，以水、蓖麻油、氢氧化钾、油酸、三乙醇胺、乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚、醚羧酸、山梨醇酐油酸酯、苯并三氮唑等为原料，在一定温度和常压下反应制得本品，主要原料及用量比例如下(wt％)：
Figure FDA0002865428670000011
2.制备权利要求1所述的一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
⑴将水、氢氧化钾和蓖麻油加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至85～95℃，在该温度下皂化反应1小时，制备蓖麻油氢氧化钾皂； ⑵将油酸和三乙醇胺加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至90～100℃，在该温度下皂化反应1.5小时，制备油酸三乙醇胺皂； ⑶将蓖麻油氢氧化钾皂、油酸三乙醇胺皂、乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚、醚羧酸、山梨醇酐油酸酯、苯并三氮唑依次加入反应釜中，搅拌、升温至30～40℃，在该温度下搅拌30分钟，即得产品。
3.权利要求1所述一种用于液压支架用乳化油的复合功能添加剂的应用，其特征在于将基础油70SN搅拌加热至40℃，将复合功能添加剂、水溶性硅油投入到基础油中搅拌均匀，即可获得具有良好的缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性、耐高低温性能及抗硬水能力的液压支架用乳化油，复合功能添加剂占液压支架用乳化油的40～50wt％，水溶性硅油占液压支架用乳化油的0.1～0.3wt％。
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