CN108048191A - 一种液压支架用乳化油及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种液压支架用乳化油及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108048191A
CN108048191A CN201711364635.XA CN201711364635A CN108048191A CN 108048191 A CN108048191 A CN 108048191A CN 201711364635 A CN201711364635 A CN 201711364635A CN 108048191 A CN108048191 A CN 108048191A
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oil
water
hydraulic support
ether
oil emulsion
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孔令坡
谢恩情
刘鲤粽
王玉超
翟晶
于维雨
王继勇
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China Coal Research Institute CCRI
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Abstract

一种液压支架用乳化油及制备方法，属于煤炭开采装备用液压传动介质技术领域。以水、亚硝酸钠、一乙醇胺、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三乙二醇丁醚、三乙醇胺、石油磺酸钠、矿物油、醚羧酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、癸二酸、妥尔油、苯并三氮唑、水溶性硅油为原料，在一定温度和常压下反应制得。本发明的乳化油具有良好的缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性、稳定性及气候适应性。

Description

一种液压支架用乳化油及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种液压支架用乳化油及制备方法，属于煤炭开采装备用液压传动介质技术领域。
背景技术
近年来我国煤矿用液压支架向大工作阻力、大采高、电液控制的方向发展,对液压支架的传动介质提出了更高的要求。随着石油价格大幅上涨，基础油价格不断攀升，乳化油生产成本越来越高，高品质的乳化油越来越少，目前市面上很多乳化油由于使用的原料无法保证导致产品的质量也无法保证，在使用过程中存在如下问题，如：乳化液存在油皂析出现象，易导致阀件堵塞和缸体锈蚀；气候适应性差，气温较高时易出现浑浊或分层，气温较低时低温还原能力较差；防生物侵袭稳定性差，长期使用易变质。如图1～3所示。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的缺点，用一步法制备一种液压支架用乳化油，作为液压支架的液压传动介质，具有缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性、抗硬水能力及良好的气候适应性，完全满足煤炭行业标准MT76-2011《液压支架用乳化油、浓缩液及其高含水液压液》的要求，尤其进一步提高低温还原性，使得产品在冻结后在-4℃-0℃即可低温还原，可应用于更加严苛的条件。
本发明的液压支架用乳化油，其特征在于，以水、亚硝酸钠、一乙醇胺、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三乙二醇丁醚、三乙醇胺、石油磺酸钠、矿物油、醚羧酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、癸二酸、妥尔油、苯并三氮唑、水溶性硅油为原料，在一定温度和常压下反应制得，主要原料及用量比例如下(wt％)：
本发明的生产工序是：按照各自的质量百分比，⑴将水加入反应釜中，加料开始时打开搅拌和升温装置；⑵再依次加入亚硝酸钠、一乙醇胺、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三乙二醇丁醚、三乙醇胺、石油磺酸钠、矿物油、醚羧酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、癸二酸、妥尔油、苯并三氮唑，在60～70℃下搅拌1小时；⑶将温度降至50℃以下，加入水溶性硅油，搅拌半小时，即得产品。
本发明所属产品具有如下所示的优点。
⑴优异的稳定性：采用乳化剂的复配技术和配液水自动软化技术，对应配液水质的乳化液不存在油皂析出现象。
乳化剂的复配技术：针对矿物油的种类，添加不与Ca2+、Mg2+反应的非离子表面活性剂，复配具有不同HLB值的乳化剂，使混合乳化剂具有较高的乳化效率和较宽的乳化区，使乳化油及稀释液具有良好的稳定性。
配液水自动软化技术：络合剂与金属阳离子M2+螯合，防止阴离子乳化剂与M2+反应，导致阴离子乳化剂浓度降低或丧失乳化能力。
⑵超强的缓蚀性：针对液压支架的材质特点，以有机吸附膜型缓蚀剂为基础，复配无机氧化膜型缓蚀剂，解决了液压支架的锈蚀难题。
⑶良好的气候适应性：产品85℃以下清澈稳定；多次冻结/解冻不变质；冻结后可在-4℃-0℃或以上恢复原状。
⑷突出的防生物侵袭稳定性：弱碱性pH值缓冲剂，在分子内部形成“碱度储备”，如果水中H+或OH-增加时，pH值缓冲剂反应生成解离度较小的物质，从而使整个体系的pH趋于稳定，保证不同浓度乳化液的pH值保持在较高区间，防止了生物侵袭和液压支架缸体的锈蚀。本发明的pH值基本稳定在一恒定值内。关于pH值反应过程和腐蚀性见图5。
⑸较高的人体安全性：与添加强碱性物质相比，添加弱碱性物质，护手护肤减少对人体的伤害。
为了降低液压支架用液压传动介质的生产成本，提高液压传动介质对配液水质的适应性，尤其提高在较低浓度下对液压支架缸体的保护作用，本发明研制了一种液压支架用乳化油。
液压支架用液压传动介质(包括乳化油、微乳型乳化油、浓缩液)在生产时往往先将植物油酸或油脂与醇胺或无机碱混合皂化制备具有润滑、防锈、防腐蚀等功能的添加剂，生产工序较多。本发明采用一步法生产，减少了皂化工序，节省能耗，提高了生产效率。
本发明根据液压支架液压控制系统的特点，研发出具有良好的缓蚀性、润滑性、密封材料相容性、稳定性及气候适应性的液压支架用乳化油(尤其低温还原性好，在-4℃-0℃即可还原)，对液压支架具有良好的防护性能，不会造成控制系统堵塞，生产工艺简单，对保障煤矿井下安全生产和正常运行、高产高效、降低生产成本、提高煤矿企业的经济效益具有重要的意义。
附图说明
图1为现有乳化油产品的乳化液存在油皂析出现象图；
图2现有乳化油的气候适应性差的效果图；
图3现有乳化油的防生物侵袭稳定性差的效果图；
图4本发明产品具有良好的气候适应性效果图。
图5关于pH值反应过程和腐蚀性图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步举例说明，但本发明并不限于以下实施例。以下实施例物质均为商业化产，如醚羧酸为科莱恩公司的Emulsogen CLE 070。
实施例1
一种液压支架用乳化油含如下组分，各组分的质量百分含量之和为100％，各组分的质量百分比分别为：
该液压支架用乳化油的制备方法是：按照各自的质量百分比，⑴将水加入反应釜中，加料开始时打开搅拌和升温装置；⑵再依次加入亚硝酸钠、一乙醇胺、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三乙二醇丁醚、三乙醇胺、石油磺酸钠、矿物油、醚羧酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、癸二酸、妥尔油、苯并三氮唑，在(60～70)℃下搅拌1小时；⑶将温度降至50℃以下，加入水溶性硅油，搅拌半小时，即得产品，该产品完全满足煤炭行业标准MT76-2011《液压支架用乳化油、浓缩液及其高含水液压液》的要求。测试结果如下：
进一步上述产品注入直径为300mm至100ml刻度处的比色管内，在低温-21℃—-16℃冻8h时间，然后取出，置于温度10℃-35℃下16小时作为一次冻融过程，重复5个循环；或/和在低温-21℃--16℃冻8h时间，然后取出在-4℃-0℃条件下低温还原16h时间即可还原。
实施例2
一种液压支架用乳化油含如下组分，各组分的质量百分含量之和为100％，各组分的质量百分比分别为：
该液压支架用乳化油的制备方法是：按照各自的质量百分比，⑴将水加入反应釜中，加料开始时打开搅拌和升温装置；⑵再依次加入亚硝酸钠、一乙醇胺、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三乙二醇丁醚、三乙醇胺、石油磺酸钠、矿物油、醚羧酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、癸二酸、妥尔油、苯并三氮唑，在(60～70)℃下搅拌1小时；⑶将温度降至50℃以下，加入水溶性硅油，搅拌半小时，即得产品，该产品完全满足煤炭行业标准MT76-2011《液压支架用乳化油、浓缩液及其高含水液压液》的要求。测试结果如下：
进一步上述产品注入直径为300mm至100ml刻度处的比色管内，在低温-21℃--16℃冻8h时间，然后取出，置于温度10℃-35℃下16小时作为一次冻融过程，重复5个循环；或/和在低温-21℃--16℃冻8h时间，然后取出在-4℃-0℃条件下低温还原16h时间即可还原。

Claims (2)

1.一种液压支架用乳化油，其特征在于，以水、亚硝酸钠、一乙醇胺、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三乙二醇丁醚、三乙醇胺、石油磺酸钠、矿物油、醚羧酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、癸二酸、妥尔油、苯并三氮唑、水溶性硅油为原料，在一定温度和常压下反应制得，原料及用量比例如下(wt％)：
2.制备权利要求1所述的一种液压支架用乳化油的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
⑴将水加入反应釜中，加料开始时打开搅拌和升温装置；⑵再依次加入亚硝酸钠、一乙醇胺、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三乙二醇丁醚、三乙醇胺、石油磺酸钠、矿物油、醚羧酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、癸二酸、妥尔油、苯并三氮唑，在60～70℃下搅拌1小时；⑶将温度降至50℃以下，加入水溶性硅油，搅拌半小时，即得产品。
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