CN108047412A - 一种低voc的聚氨酯汽车坐垫 - Google Patents

一种低voc的聚氨酯汽车坐垫 Download PDF

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CN108047412A
CN108047412A CN201810059190.2A CN201810059190A CN108047412A CN 108047412 A CN108047412 A CN 108047412A CN 201810059190 A CN201810059190 A CN 201810059190A CN 108047412 A CN108047412 A CN 108047412A
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林升棋
郭玉斌
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HONGXING AUTO LEATHER (FUJIAN) DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫，包括弹性层、无纺布层和皮革层，其中无纺布层和皮革层包覆在弹性层表面，各层之间通过粘合剂粘合而成；所述弹性层是由改性聚氨酯弹性体切割加工而成；所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备是先将丙三醇和羟丙基纤维素混合，加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和4,4‑二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入锡类催化剂、小分子扩链剂、交联剂反应制得。本发明的汽车坐垫采用改性聚氨酯弹性体作为弹性层，具有减震、缓冲的作用，能够减小因剧烈的撞击而造成的伤害；所述弹性层制备过程不含挥发性有机溶剂，与传统的汽车弹性坐垫相比更加绿色环保，不会产生大量的VOC，健康安全。

Description

一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车坐垫，尤其涉及一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高，中国汽车用品后市场的消费持续增高，汽车坐垫也成为有车一族的主要消费品。现在的汽车坐垫不仅要求美观、舒适，而且还对耐磨、防火等方面有很高的要求。有些商家为了追求耐磨、防火这些性能而导致所生产的坐垫释放大量的挥发性有机化合物（VOC），长期使用这种坐垫会对人的身体健康产生很大影响。因此，发明一种低VOC的汽车坐垫是非常重要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术不足，提供一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫，包括弹性层、无纺布层和皮革层，其中无纺布层和皮革层包覆在弹性层表面，各层之间通过粘合剂粘合而成；所述弹性层是由改性聚氨酯弹性体切割加工而成；所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：先将丙三醇和羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入锡类催化剂，恒温下搅拌反应后，加入小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在恒温下，再加入交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
优选的，所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：按重量份数计，先将22~28份丙三醇和8~12份羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入18~22份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和15~18份4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1~1.5份，80℃恒温下以35r/min的速度搅拌反应2h后，加入1~1.2份小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在80℃恒温下，再加入1~1.2份交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应2.5h，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
优选的，所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：按重量份数计，先将25份丙三醇和10份羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入20份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和16份4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份，80℃恒温下以35r/min的速度搅拌反应2h后，加入1份小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在80℃恒温下，再加入1份交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应2.5h，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
本发明改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备过程中，先是将丙三醇和羟丙基纤维素混合，这两种物质并不会发生反应，然后加入了异氰酸酯和锡类催化剂，此时丙三醇会和异氰酸酯发生反应生成聚氨酯，同时由于羟丙基纤维素上含有大量的羟基基团，其也会和异氰酸酯发生反应，接枝上异氰酸根，那么随着这两个反应的同时进行，加入扩链剂和交联剂后，聚氨酯和羟丙基纤维素不仅会发生自身的扩链交联，而且还会发生相互交联，形成成分均匀的交联结构。
本发明采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯这两种异氰酸酯作为硬段，使得极性基团增多，硬段分子间作用力增大，微相分离程度高，同时，硬段微区逐渐形成结晶，并且结晶度随硬段含量增加而逐渐提高，由此得到的聚氨酯弹性体具有良好的高温性能，使得由此制成的汽车坐垫能耐高温；本发明采用丙三醇作为软段，其具有低的分子质量，其与硬段的相容性更好，由此得到的聚氨酯弹性体具有更好的弹性，应用于汽车坐垫的弹性层后，具有更佳的减震、缓冲的作用，能够减小因剧烈的撞击而造成的伤害。
本发明的有益效果在于：
（1）本发明的汽车坐垫采用改性聚氨酯弹性体作为弹性层，具有减震、缓冲的作用，能够减小因剧烈的撞击而造成的伤害；
（2）本发明汽车坐垫的弹性层制备过程不含挥发性有机溶剂，与传统的汽车弹性坐垫相比更加绿色环保，不会产生大量的VOC，健康安全。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明，但本发明不仅仅限于这些实施例。
实施例1
一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫，包括弹性层、无纺布层和皮革层，其中无纺布层和皮革层包覆在弹性层表面，各层之间通过粘合剂粘合而成；所述弹性层是由改性聚氨酯弹性体切割加工而成；所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：按重量份数计，先将22份丙三醇和8份羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入18份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和15份4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1份，80℃恒温下以35r/min的速度搅拌反应2h后，加入1份小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在80℃恒温下，再加入1份交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应2.5h，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
实施例2
一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫，包括弹性层、无纺布层和皮革层，其中无纺布层和皮革层包覆在弹性层表面，各层之间通过粘合剂粘合而成；所述弹性层是由改性聚氨酯弹性体切割加工而成；所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：按重量份数计，先将28份丙三醇和12份羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入22份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和18份4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1.3份，80℃恒温下以35r/min的速度搅拌反应2h后，加入1.2份小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在80℃恒温下，再加入1.2份交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应2.5h，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
实施例3
一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫，包括弹性层、无纺布层和皮革层，其中无纺布层和皮革层包覆在弹性层表面，各层之间通过粘合剂粘合而成；所述弹性层是由改性聚氨酯弹性体切割加工而成；所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：按重量份数计，先将25份丙三醇和10份羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入20份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和16份4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份，80℃恒温下以35r/min的速度搅拌反应2h后，加入1份小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在80℃恒温下，再加入1份交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应2.5h，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫，其特征在于：所述汽车坐垫包括弹性层、无纺布层和皮革层，其中无纺布层和皮革层包覆在弹性层表面，各层之间通过粘合剂粘合而成；所述弹性层是由改性聚氨酯弹性体切割加工而成；所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：先将丙三醇和羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入锡类催化剂，恒温下搅拌反应后，加入小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在恒温下，再加入交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫，其特征在于：所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：按重量份数计，先将22~28份丙三醇和8~12份羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入18~22份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和15~18份4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1~1.5份，80℃恒温下以35r/min的速度搅拌反应2h后，加入1~1.2份小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在80℃恒温下，再加入1~1.2份交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应2.5h，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的低VOC的聚氨酯汽车坐垫，其特征在于：所述改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法为：按重量份数计，先将25份丙三醇和10份羟丙基纤维素混合，真空脱水后，在氮气保护下，加入20份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和16份4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，随后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份，80℃恒温下以35r/min的速度搅拌反应2h后，加入1份小分子扩链剂1,4-丁二醇继续反应得到改性聚氨酯预聚体；在80℃恒温下，再加入1份交联剂三羟甲基丙烷，搅拌反应2.5h，降温制得所述改性聚氨酯弹性体。
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