CN108033974A - 一种荧光探针化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种荧光探针化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种荧光探针化合物,所述荧光探针化合物的结构式为:还提供了上述荧光探针化合物的制备方法及其在检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物方面的应用。在甲醇/水(体积比1:4)混合溶剂中会聚集成浊液,此时紫外灯下不发光,当加入氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物的溶液后,立即发出蓝紫色强荧光,检测灵敏度可达ppm级别。另外,将化合物涂在滤纸上干燥后得到的测试试纸遇到氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物,在紫外灯下可观察到荧光发射强度增加。该荧光探针化合物用于检测时无需复杂装置和专业技术人员,灵敏度高,响应速度快,并且制备方法简单,操作方便,成本低廉。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种荧光探针化合物,具体地说,涉及一种用于检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物的荧光探针,属于荧光传感器探针化合物领域。
背景技术
氨气是大气中一种无色具有强烈刺激性臭味的有毒、易燃气体,是一种重要的基础化工原料和产品,不仅广泛应用于化肥、制药、医疗、装修等工业生产过程。而且它的存在对人们的日常生活也有着相当广泛的影响。释放到空气中的氨气主要来源是一些化学合成的工业生产过程、生物代谢过程、发动机尾气等。氨是世界卫生组织指认的一种致癌和致畸化合物,对人体的神经系统、肺、肝脏都会产生损害。并且近几年来,室内装修的兴起及各类现代化生活用品的引入使室内空气污染日趋严重。其中氨气的超标率较高,位居污染的首位。另一方面,在某些工厂的冷库,液氨管道,氨气储罐等一旦发生氨气泄漏,高浓度氨气环境中不但危害工人和工厂附近的居民生命安全而且易引发爆炸。因此,对氨气进行灵敏、快速的实时实地监测,具有极大的实用意义。
水合肼又称水合联氨,纯品为无色透明油状液体,有淡氨味,还原性极强。水合肼为一种重要的精细化工原料,也可用于反应釜和锅炉的脱二氧化碳和脱氧的清洗处理剂。在农药生产中为杀鼠药、除草剂、植物生长调和剂等产品的重要原料。此外还可用于火箭燃料、重氮燃料、橡胶助剂、染料等产品的生产等用途。水合肼的应用范围还在不断增加,但其具有的高毒性引起了人们的关注。水合肼属于高毒类化合物,通过吸入、食入、经皮肤吸收等方式摄入,影响人体碳水化合物和脂肪的新陈代谢功能,具有溶血性,损害肝脏,使血糖降低、血液缺水,并引起贫血,急性中毒时可损害中枢神经系统。其蒸汽能侵蚀黏膜,刺激腐蚀眼睛和皮肤,出现红肿化脓。
脂肪族胺包括各种含脂肪族链的伯胺、仲胺和叔胺,他们组成重要的化工中间体和产品,常温下呈气态、液态或固态,具有碱性,作为有机碱对皮肤和粘膜具有刺激和腐蚀作用。
现有的氨气的检测方法,有比色法和电化学法,其中比色法的应用较为广泛。比色法又分为纳氏试剂比色法、靛酚蓝比色法和亚硝酸盐比色法等。其中,纳氏试剂比色法和靛酚蓝比色法较为准确,但是存在操作严格,易于污染和测定空白值增高等缺点。
对于水合肼和脂肪胺的检测方法大多停留在实验室检测,通过恒电位法、循环伏安法、离子色谱法、比色法、紫外光度分析法等技术手段。但通过仪器分析检测的方法耗时较长,步骤繁琐,并不具有及时性,目前仍然缺少现场应急检测的方法。
光化学传感检测法是一种新型的检测方法,尤其是其中的荧光传感器与传统检测方法相比,具有直观快捷、操作简便及灵敏度高、准确度高等优点。但目前仍然需要不断开发出新的、结构简单、合成简便的能用于检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物的有机荧光化合物,并且希望所获得的化合物能够制成便携的、适于现场检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物的荧光检测器。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种检测检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物的荧光探针化合物及其制备方法,所述探针化合物对检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物具有较高的灵敏度,检测非常便捷。目的之二在于提供检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物的方法,操作方法简单,效果明显。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:
一种荧光探针化合物,所述荧光探针化合物的结构式为:
另一方面,本发明提供上述荧光探针化合物的制备方法,采用以下步骤:
步骤1:将对羟基苯硼酸和1,8-二氨基萘以化合物的量之比为1:1.005-1.03溶解在四氢呋喃中,在微波炉中旋转反应2-5min;
步骤2:反应结束后,旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,柱层析的洗脱剂为体积比1:10的乙酸乙酯和石油醚,得到纯净化合物,即所述荧光探针化合物收率达到93%。
上述荧光探针化合物在检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物方面的应用。
将所述荧光探针化合物作为荧光探针化合物,与氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物作用后,荧光发射强度增加,实现检测过程。
一种具体检测方法如下:在体积比为1:4的甲醇/水混合溶剂中加入荧光探针化合物,所述化合物会聚集成浊液,此时无荧光发射,加入氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物溶液后,荧光发射强度增加。可用此现象来检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物。
上述检测方法检测灵敏度高,可达ppm级别,能发出肉眼可直接观察到的蓝紫色荧光。
另一种具体检测方法如下:选滤纸条作为负载该荧光探针化合物的固体支撑物,将荧光探针化合物溶解在甲醇中,吸取溶液滴在滤纸条上制成检测试纸,待溶剂挥发后,用蒸馏水润湿,放入含氨气、水合肼和脂肪胺类化合物的环境下,在紫外灯下可观察到滤纸条荧光发射增强,发射蓝紫色荧光。该检测方法响应速度快,可通过观察滤纸条荧光强度变化实现对氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物的检测,操作简单,灵敏度高。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点和积极效果是:
相比于现有的一些检测技术,本发明中的化合物成本投入少,合成路线简单,后处理方便且检测灵敏度较高,响应速度快。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明,附图中:
图1是本发明具体实施例1制得的产物在甲醇/水溶液(体积比为1:4)中加入氨水后,在激发波长355nm激发下的荧光发射强度增加曲线。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。应当理解,此处所描述的实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;下述实施例中所用试剂、探针化合物等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
荧光探针化合物的合成
将0.3778g(2.52mmol)对羟基苯硼酸和0.4018g(2.54mmol)1,8-二氨基萘溶于20mL四氢呋喃中,在微波炉中旋转4min,停止反应。
反应结束后,旋蒸去掉溶剂,利用柱层析提纯粗产品。洗脱剂选用乙酸乙酯和石油醚按照体积比为1:10进行配制。
实施例2
荧光探针化合物对氨气水溶液的荧光检测
在比色皿中加入2mL体积比1:4的甲醇/水混合溶液,加入的荧光探针化合物化合物的最终浓度为183μM,而后分别加入不同体积的氨水溶液使其最终浓度分别为0、7.8ppm、18.1ppm、28.3ppm、38.4ppm、46.0ppm、53.5ppm、68.5ppm。激发波长选用355nm,用荧光光谱仪测量工作液的荧光光谱如附图1所示。附图1表明,加入氨水后,在407nm处荧光显著增强,并且随着加入氨水量的增加,荧光发射强度增加现象越明显,在氨气浓度为68.5ppm时,荧光发射强度增加638%,因而这种荧光探针化合物可以实现对氨气的荧光检测。
实施例3
荧光探针化合物对水合肼溶液的荧光检测
在比色皿中加入2mL体积比1:4的甲醇/水混合溶液,加入的化合物的最终浓度为183μM。而后加入水合肼溶液使其最终浓度为4ppm。在365nm紫外灯照射下,能发出肉眼直接观察到的蓝紫色荧光。
实施例4
荧光探针化合物对多种胺类溶液的荧光测试
在比色皿中加入2mL体积比1:4的甲醇/水混合溶液,加入的化合物的最终浓度为183μM。利用此体系,分别对乙二胺、戊胺、三乙烯四胺、乙醇胺、四亚乙基五胺、十二叔胺等胺类化合物进行了测试,均可以观察到荧光发射增强现象,检测灵敏度也都在ppm级别。
实施例5
荧光探针化合物对氨气的荧光检测
选滤纸条作为负载该化合物的固体支撑物。将荧光探针化合物溶解在有机溶剂中,吸取溶液滴在滤纸条上制成氨气检测试纸,待溶剂挥发后,化合物均匀吸附在试纸条上。而后将测试试纸用蒸馏水润湿,放入氨气环境下,用365nm下的紫外灯照射下可观察到检测试纸荧光发射增强,发射蓝紫色荧光,因而化合物可以实现对氨气的快速荧光检测。
结论:由以上附图和实施例可见,本发明所述化合物在遇到氨气或胺类化合物后,荧光发射强度会增加,显示肉眼可见的蓝紫色荧光,从而起到检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物的作用。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种荧光探针化合物,其特征在于:所述荧光探针化合物的结构式为:
2.一种权利要求1所述荧光探针化合物的制备方法,其特征在于采用以下步骤:
步骤1:将对羟基苯硼酸和1,8-二氨基萘以化合物的量之比为1:1.005-1.03溶解在四氢呋喃中,在微波炉中旋转反应2-5min;
步骤2:反应结束后,旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,柱层析的洗脱剂为体积比1:10的乙酸乙酯和石油醚,得到纯净化合物,即所述荧光探针化合物。
3.权利要求1所述荧光探针化合物在检测氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物方面的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述荧光探针化合物的应用,其特征在于:将所述荧光探针化合物作为荧光探针化合物,与氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物作用后,荧光发射强度增加,实现检测过程。
5.根据权利要求4所述荧光探针化合物的应用,其特征在于:具体检测方法如下:在体积比为1:4的甲醇/水混合溶剂中加入荧光探针化合物,所述化合物会聚集成浊液,此时无荧光发射,加入氨气、水合肼和脂肪族胺类化合物溶液后,荧光发射强度增加。
6.根据权利要求5所述荧光探针化合物的应用,其特征在于:所述检测方法达ppm级别,能发出肉眼可直接观察到的蓝紫色荧光。
7.根据权利要求4所述荧光探针化合物的应用,其特征在于:具体检测方法如下:选滤纸条作为负载该荧光探针化合物的固体支撑物,将荧光探针化合物溶解在甲醇中,吸取溶液滴在滤纸条上制成检测试纸,待溶剂挥发后,用蒸馏水润湿,放入含氨气、水合肼和脂肪胺类化合物的环境下,在紫外灯下可观察到滤纸条荧光发射增强,发射蓝紫色荧光。
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