CN108029634A - A kind of high regularity is suitable for the producing method for seed of the cold yellow chicken breed system of fresh listing - Google Patents
A kind of high regularity is suitable for the producing method for seed of the cold yellow chicken breed system of fresh listing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry genetic breeding, relates more specifically to the producing method for seed that a kind of high regularity is suitable for the cold yellow chicken three series mating of fresh listing.The present invention is using slow plumage, Huang Yu, blue or green shin chicken strain as the first male parent, and maternal as first using fast plumage, Huang Yu, yellow shin high yield and high quality strain, it is maternal that hybridization obtains F1 generation；Weight is chosen in the range of average weight ± 10%, fast plumage, appearance is yellow plumage, jute plumage, sex premature, the big local varieties of hat are terminal male, with F1 generation hybridization of female parent, obtains high regularity commercial generation.The present invention uses routine and molecular breeding means study emphasis three-dimensional-structure, sex premature, the weight uniformity and the selection of slaughter trait and the comprehensive selection of Meat Quality, and the yellow chicken commercial generation uniformity cultivated, survival rate are high, hybrid vigour is obvious；Cockscomb is big, and shin color is blue or green, and pore is thin, skin-tightening.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry genetic breeding, relates more specifically to a kind of high regularity and is suitable for cold fresh listing
The producing method for seed of yellow chicken three series mating.
Background technology
External broiler chicken breeding is based on fast big white meat-type chickens, substantially no high-quality chicken breeding, at present European Union, the U.S., Japan
Deng also increasingly paying attention to choice meat a breed of chicken and production, but the external small-sized quality broiler chicken breeding carried out is mainly used for agriculture
Family puts in a suitable place to breed, entirely different with the high-quality chicken Breeding direction of China.High-quality chicken industry is conventional industries with Chinese characteristics, mainly
Listed with live-bird, with the expansion of high-quality chicken concept, the breed structure of production changes, and yellow-feather broiler (yellow chicken) becomes high-quality chicken
Synonym.The high-quality a breed of chicken in China starts progressively to carry out before and after 2000, particularly in recent years, is produced with rural area
Industry structure is adjusted to profound level, and the production development of high-quality chicken is rapid, and high-quality chicken demand increases year by year.
External broiler chicken consumption is only listed in a manner of cold fresh or frost, and China's high-quality chicken traditional consumption is always that live chickens are
It is main, since people's infection H7N9 influenzas occur in by the end of March, 2013 from, made to the yellow-feather broiler industry that 85% is merchandised in a manner of live chickens
Into heavy blow.Yellow-feather broiler total amount of livestock for sale in 2014 reduces by 20.8%, while a large amount of yellow-feather broilers and its production compared with 2013 year-on-years
Product are unsalable, and related Yang Qin enterprises have met with unprecedented difficulty, and large quantities of enterprises were gone bankrupt or are on the verge of brokenly in this period
Production, H7N9 influenzas event gives loss caused by national poultry industry to be up to and exceeds 100 billion since 2014, is brought to industry
Destructive strike.Although with the case of Avian Influenza Virus Infection in Humans the whole nation quantity only within hundred, be related to social public affairs
Safety is entirely major issue altogether, causes the great attention of governments at all levels.The Ministry of Agriculture propose " breeding scale, concentration butcher, be cold
16 word policies of chain dispatching, chilled listing ", part provinces and regions have also been issued relevant policies, have been had been carried out in provinces and cities such as Guangdong, Zhejiang
City-level above city cannot have the restrictions such as live-bird sale, and will progressively be expanded to other areas, and butchering listing will progressively take
Listed for high-quality chicken live chickens.The urgent situation that dynamics is gradually strengthened in face of current governments at all levels closing live-bird market, yellow-feather broiler
Industry has come into the critical period of transition and upgrade, it is necessary to changes the pattern of current free-ranging and live chickens market sale, progressively turns
Change the pattern to " large-scale cultivation+modernization sale ", i.e., the marketing method of cold freshly-slaughtered poultry, this is also yellow-feather broiler industry sustainable development
Exhibition and the reality needs of public health security.
It is the sustainable development of yellow-feather broiler industry and public health to accelerate cultivation to butcher the high-quality cold freshly-slaughtered poultry new lines of processing type
Safety there is an urgent need to.The present invention cultivates the high-quality of the suitable cold fresh processing of suitable different consumption types using GENERALIZATION OF MODERN BREEDING TECHNIQUE
Chicken new lines and breed system, on the basis of original high-quality chicken new lines, the Carcass Traits of cold freshly-slaughtered poultry are improved comprehensively, are raised into
Originally it is greatly lowered, while improves the economic characters such as dressing percentage and meat production, promote cold freshly-slaughtered poultry to list, forbids living for comprehensive thing
Previous work is carried out in chicken listing, is contributed for social public security guarantee.
The content of the invention
The defects of the purpose of the present invention is being to overcome the traditional breeding way time long, it is determined that growth, breeding and meat
Weight distribution of the three classes character in the maternal and paternal selection of specialization, improves crossbreeding efficiency.
In order to realize the above object the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：A kind of high regularity Quality type Huang chicken system
Kind method, incubation step are as follows：
It is (1) maternal as first using fast plumage, Huang Yu, yellow shin chicken strain using slow plumage, Huang Yu, blue or green shin chicken strain as the first male parent,
It is maternal that hybridization obtains F1 generation；
(2) weight is chosen in the range of average weight ± 10%, and back follicle population is more than 25/cm2, fast plumage, appearance
It is terminal male for the big local varieties of yellow plumage, sex premature, hat, with F1 generation hybridization of female parent, obtains high regularity commercial generation.
Preferably, chosen in F1 generation 66 breeders of the same age of selection production qualification hatching egg number more than 160 and yellow plumage, green grass or young crops shin,
The hen of Calusena lansium is reserved seed for planting, and it is maternal to form breed system second, and it is a in the range of average weight ± 10% that when hen upper cage selects and remain weight
Body is reserved seed for planting, rate of reserving seed for planting 60-65%.
Preferably, artificial culture forms high regularity Quality type Huang chicken F1 parent 66 week old qualification hatching egg numbers of generation more than 160
Piece high numerous high-quality chicken.
Preferably, artificial culture forms the high 13 week old uniformity more than 90% of regularity Quality type Huang chicken commercial generation, survives
Rate more than 98%, lists 95 age in days weight 1.6-1.7kg of hen, lists 80 age in days weight 2.1-2.2kg of cock, and average feed turns
Change ratio 2.80：1；The commodity cockscomb of listing is flushing greatly, three-dimensional-structure fully optimized, complete net thorax rate more than 65%.
1st, the first male parent quick seed production method, it is characterised in that it is high-quality, precocious, anti-to choose a kind of yellow plumage, blue or green shin
The high yield and high quality product that the artificial culture of inverse, resistance to crude feed, the weight uniformity more than 80%, 66 week old egg numbers higher than 160 forms
Kind or local varieties (such as Huainan Spotted-brown Chickens, gu-shi chicken), are cultivated by following methods：
(1) major traits.Cockscomb size when plumage color, the colour of skin, shin color, listing, early growth speed (weight), dressing percentage,
Feed conversion rate, and breeder egg number, Age at first laying.56 age in days Huainan Spotted-yellow cock weight 600-700g 100 are chosen,
Hen weight 500-550g, 1200 are only used as underlying group, establish pedigree record archives；
(2) male and female chicken is from numerous, and when hatching, which eliminates, does not meet this strain appearance and weak residual individual, and " chicken is improved according to invention
Semen quality method and its primer, the kit and its application method " patent No.：201410803978.1 judge beneficial gene type into
Row is selected and remain.Reserve seed for planting the individual per stirpes pedigree number of wearing；
Carry out full group's individual at (3) 8 weeks to weigh, statistics daily gain, feed consumption rate, calculate feed-weight ratio, measure dorsal part median line
The number of pore, unit/cm in 2 × 2cm of centre measurement2, and slaughter determining is carried out, measure slaughter trait and meat.Eliminate
3 familys and the coefficient of variation of the Weight averages minimum of family are more than 20% family.Again by the rate of reserving seed for planting in selected family
Determine that weight lower limit eliminates the small individual of weight, in combination with build, plumage color, first reject plumage color, shin color, the colour of skin, crown type etc. no
Meet this varietal characteristic or new lines breeding requirement, and have the individual of deficiency of body structure, cock requires the hat big and scarlet selection of whisker
Crown product is more than 1600mm2, pore number is more than 28/cm2Reserve seed for planting；
When (4) 25 week old colony laying rate reach 5%, the testing index of needs is counted：Hen opens production weight, hen opens production
Egg size, hen Age at first laying；Cock measures semen quality；Each family selects and remain (4-5) cock, it is desirable to which the sexual reflex of cock is good
It is good；It is required that cock semen volume of reserving seed for planting is creamy white more than 0.5mL, color, sperm concentration is more than 1,000,000,000/mL, vigor is higher than 8.
The testing index that statistics needs during (5) 300 age in days：Figure and features determination data, 300 age in days male and female chicken weight, open production and arrive
300 age in days individual egg productions, open production to 300 age in days individuals lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount, open production to 300 age in days colony egg productions, 300
Age in days egg size, qualified hatching egg insemination rate.Made choice according to multiple selection index formula：
I=0.33P1+0.12P2+0.18P3+0.32P4+0.05P5
(wherein：P1：Production is opened to 300 age in days individual egg productions；P2：Production is opened to lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount to 300 age in days individuals；
P3：Feed-weight ratio；P4：8 week old weight；P5：Meat)
(6) each generation, each strain set up 60-80 family, and male and female chicken generally presses 1：10 proportionings.Using avoiding inbreeding
Panmixia mode between family, by taking 10 60 familys, each family hens as an example, the cock of No. 1 family at random with (2-60)
Mate for 10 of affinity-less relation within 3 generations with No. 1 family cock in 590 hens of number family, the cock of No. 2 familys
At random with 590 hens of No. 1 family and (3-60) number family with No. 2 family cocks within 3 generations affinity-less relation
10 mating, and so on；
(7) (2)-(6) step 3 time is repeated, cultivates the first male parent.
2nd, the described first maternal quick seed production method, it is characterised in that it is uniform to choose a kind of fast plumage, Huang Yu, yellow shin, weight
The high yield and high quality kind or local varieties (such as capital that artificial culture of more than 80%, the 66 week old egg numbers of degree higher than 180 forms
Extra large Huang chicken, Guangxi Huang chicken, Xianju Chicken, white eared pheasant, Rugao Huang chicken), cultivated by following methods：
(1) the yellow chicken in 112 age in days capital of selection sea, cock weight 1500-1600g 100, hen weight 1200-1300g,
1200 are only used as underlying group, establish pedigree record archives；
(2) male and female chicken is from numerous, and when hatching, which eliminates, does not meet this strain appearance and weak residual individual, and hen is according to " the chicken of invention
Egg-laying deseription related gene-BMP15 gene SNPs the parting kit " (patent No.:zl 201220222519.0)；Chicken is numerous
Grow gene promoter area SNP partings and the promoter function analysis kit (patent No.：ZL201420683451.5 judges that hen is favourable
Genotype.Reserve seed for planting the individual per stirpes pedigree number of wearing；
Carry out full group's individual at (3) 10 weeks to weigh, statistics daily gain, feed consumption rate, calculate feed-weight ratio, and carry out butchering survey
It is fixed, measure slaughter trait and meat.Eliminate the family of 3 familys and the coefficient of variation more than 20% of family Weight averages minimum
Determine that weight lower limit eliminates the small individual of weight by the rate of reserving seed for planting again in selected family, selected and remain in combination with build, plumage color；
Full group weighs during (4) 20 week old, and body weight control is more than some weight 1700g and is less than in 1300-1600g
1200g's is eliminated
(5) 25 week old, when colony's laying rate reaches 5%, count the testing index of needs：Hen opens production weight, hen opens
Lay eggs weight, hen Age at first laying, breeder opens production time control in 141~150 ages in days, opens to lay eggs and controls again in 32-34g, split
Production age in days is more than 170 days or being eliminated less than 135 days；
The testing index that statistics needs during (6) 300 age in days：Figure and features determination data, 300 age in days male and female chicken weight, open production and arrive
300 age in days individual egg productions, open production to 300 age in days individuals lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount, open production to 300 age in days colony egg productions, 300
Age in days egg size, qualified hatching egg insemination rate.Made choice according to multiple selection index formula：
I=0.43P1+0.18P2+0.11P3+0.15P4+0.13P5
(wherein：P1：Production is opened to 300 age in days individual egg productions；P2：Production is opened to lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount to 300 age in days individuals；
P3：The qualified hatching egg insemination rate of production；P4：10 week old weight；P5：Meat)
(7) each generation, each strain set up 60-80 family, and male and female chicken generally presses 1：10 proportionings.Using avoiding inbreeding
Panmixia mode between family, by taking 10 60 familys, each family hens as an example, the cock of No. 1 family at random with (2-60)
Mate for 10 of affinity-less relation within 3 generations with No. 1 family cock in 590 hens of number family, the cock of No. 2 familys
At random with 590 hens of No. 1 family and (3-60) number family with No. 2 family cocks within 3 generations affinity-less relation
10 mating, and so on.
(8) (2)-(7) step 3 time is repeated, it is maternal to cultivate first.
3rd, the terminal male quick seed production method, it is characterised in that choose a kind of yellow plumage or jute plumage it is high-quality, it is precocious,
The weight uniformity more than 90%, fine quality (such as snow mountain chicken Z systems, the primary chicken Y systems of Shao) focal selection that artificial culture forms are precocious
Property, early stage weight and the weight uniformity, select fast plumage, leaf-comb, the donor stem cell infusion without shin plumage, cyan shin to reserve seed for planting；Plumage color requirement at the same time
Jute or shallow numb color plumage, nonbroodiness, eliminates variegated chicken and the individual containing white plumage recessive gene.Cultivated by following methods：
(1) the primary chicken Y systems of 70 age in days Shaos are chosen, cock weight 1500-1600g, using " comb growth automatically determines software ", (software writes
The patent No.：Cockscomb height, cockscomb area 2015SR071422) are measured, rooster comb area is more than 2000mm2100, hen body
Weight 1100-1200g, cockscomb area is more than 1000mm212000 are only used as underlying group, establish pedigree record archives；
(2) male and female chicken is from numerous, and when hatching, which eliminates, does not meet this strain appearance and weak residual individual, and " chicken is improved according to invention
Semen quality method and its primer, the kit and its application method " patent No.：201410803978.1 judge beneficial gene type into
Row is selected and remain.Reserve seed for planting the individual per stirpes pedigree number of wearing；
Carry out full group's individual at (3) 6 weeks to weigh, statistics daily gain, feed consumption rate, calculate feed-weight ratio, measure dorsal part median line
The number of pore, unit/cm in 2 × 2cm of centre measurement2.Measure and carry out slaughter determining, measure slaughter trait and meat.
Sort by weight, reserve seed for planting from big to small by weight again after (3-5) most heavy, secondary weight, the individual weighed again is rejected from big to small,
Rooster comb area is more than 1800mm2, pore number is more than 25/cm2Reserve seed for planting；Cock rate of reserving seed for planting is 3%-5%, and cannot be less than
250；Hen reserves seed for planting rate no more than 20%, and cannot be less than 2000.
When (4) 25 week old colony laying rate reach 5%, the testing index of needs is counted：Hen opens production weight, hen opens production
Egg size, hen Age at first laying；Cock measures semen quality；Each family selects and remain (4-5) cock, it is desirable to which the sexual reflex of cock is good
It is good；It is required that cock semen volume semen volume of reserving seed for planting is creamy white more than 0.5mL, color, it is high that sperm concentration is more than 1,000,000,000/mL, vigor
In 8.
The testing index that statistics needs during (5) 300 age in days：Figure and features determination data, 300 age in days male and female chicken weight, open production and arrive
300 age in days individual egg productions, open production to 300 age in days individuals lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount, open production to 300 age in days colony egg productions, 300
Age in days egg size, qualified hatching egg insemination rate.Made choice according to multiple selection index formula：
I=0.12+0.12P2+0.24P3+0.41P4+0.11P5
(wherein：P1：Production is opened to 300 age in days individual egg productions；P2：Dressing percentage；P3：Feed-weight ratio；P4：6 week old weight；P5：Meat
Matter)
(6) each generation, each strain set up 60-80 family, and male and female chicken generally presses 1：10 proportionings.Using avoiding inbreeding
Panmixia mode between family, by taking 10 60 familys, each family hens as an example, the cock of No. 1 family at random with (2-60)
Mate for 10 of affinity-less relation within 3 generations with No. 1 family cock in 590 hens of number family, the cock of No. 2 familys
At random with 590 hens of No. 1 family and (3-60) number family with No. 2 family cocks within 3 generations affinity-less relation
10 mating, and so on.
(7) (2)-(6) step 3 time is repeated, cultivates terminal male.
4th, matingplan
Each generation, each strain set up 60-80 family, and male and female chicken generally presses 1：10 proportionings.Using the family for avoiding inbreeding
Panmixia mode between system, by taking 10 60 familys, each family hens as an example, the cock of No. 1 family at random with (2-60) number
Mate for 10 of affinity-less relation within 3 generations with No. 1 family cock in 590 hens of family, the cocks of No. 2 familys with
In 590 hens of machine and No. 1 family and (3-60) number family with No. 2 family cocks within 3 generations affinity-less relation 10
Only mate, and so on.
5th, coordinated mode, is shown in Fig. 1.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：The present invention uses routine and molecular breeding means weight
Point carries out three-dimensional-structure, sex premature, the weight uniformity and the selection of slaughter trait and the comprehensive selection of Meat Quality, the father of cultivation
Female godmother chicken has Feathering type automatic sexing, and shin color is heterozygote, and the separation of self progeny's shin color, can not give over to kind of a use, effectively protect
The intellectual property of raiser is protected, the yellow chicken commercial generation uniformity cultivated, survival rate are high, hybrid vigour is obvious；Cockscomb is big, shin color
Green grass or young crops, pore is thin, skin-tightening.After cold fresh listing is butchered, there is the obvious quality broiler chicken feature of big, the blue or green shin of hat, can be effectively
Distinguished with fast big broiler chicken.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the coordinated mode figure for the producing method for seed that the high regularity of the present invention is suitable for the cold yellow chicken breed system of fresh listing.
Embodiment
Following embodiments are only described in further detail the present invention, do not form any limitation of the invention.
1st, the cultivation of the first male parent (L systems)
(1) 56 age in days Huainan Spotted-yellow cock weight 500-600g 100, hen weight 400-450g, 1200 works are chosen
Based on group, establish pedigree record archives；
(2) project is mainly measured：
Weight：Daily gain, feed-weight ratio, butchering property when birth weight, each all male and female average weights, 8 thorough colony's weights, 8 week old
Energy, meat.
Reproductive performance：Hen：Age at first laying, open weight of laying eggs, 300 age in days egg productions, 300 age in days egg sizes, qualified hatching egg amount,
Fertility rate of hatching egg, incubation rate.
Cock：25 weeks cock semen qualities
(3) select
Selected by the content of the invention " the first male parent quick seed production method "
(4) selection result
1 first male parent selection and breeding result of table
2nd, the selection and breeding result of first maternal (H systems)
(1) 10 950-1050 grams of week old cock weight are chosen, hen is 750-850 grams, and Age at first laying is 125-130 days,
66 week old egg numbers are up to the Rugao Huang chicken of 180.
(2) project is mainly measured：
Weight：Daily gain, feed-weight ratio, butchering property when birth weight, each all male and female average weights, 8 thorough colony's weights, 8 week old
Energy, meat.
Reproductive performance：Hen：Age at first laying, open weight of laying eggs, 300 age in days egg productions, 300 age in days egg sizes, qualified hatching egg amount,
Fertility rate of hatching egg, incubation rate.
Cock：25 weeks cock semen qualities
(3) select
By the content of the invention " the first maternal quick seed production method " selection
(4) selection result
The maternal reproductive performance selection and breeding result of table 2 first
3rd, the selection and breeding result of terminal male (F systems)
(1) 10 1600-1700 grams of week old cock weight are chosen, hen is 1300-1400 grams of the primary chicken Y systems of Shao.
(2) project is mainly measured：
Weight：Daily gain, feed-weight ratio, butchering property when birth weight, each all male and female average weights, 8 thorough colony's weights, 8 week old
Energy, meat.
Reproductive performance：Hen：Age at first laying, open weight of laying eggs, 300 age in days egg productions, 300 age in days egg sizes, qualified hatching egg amount,
Fertility rate of hatching egg, incubation rate.
Cock：25 weeks cock semen qualities
(3) select
Selected by the content of the invention " terminal male quick seed production method "
(4) selection result
3 F reproductive performance selection and breeding results of table
Each generation growth performance selection and breeding result of 4 system of table
4th, first familiar generation (parent's generation) production performance
Using the L systems of cultivation as the first male parent and the first female parent H systems hybridization production F1 generation (parent's generation), its production performance is shown in Table
5.
5 parent of table is for production performance
| Project | Index |
| Up to 5% laying rate age in days (d) | 140~142 |
| Up to peak laying rate week old (w) | 25~26 |
| Peak laying rate (%) | 81~82 |
| 43 week old egg sizes (g) | 47~50 |
| 66 week old enter to give up hen egg number (a) | 170~180 |
| 22~66 week old fertility rate of hatching egg (%) | 91~92 |
| 22~66 week old hatchabilities of fertile eggs (%) | 94~95 |
| 0~20 week old survival rate (%) | 96 |
| 21~66 week old survival rates (%) | 95 |
5th, commercial generation production performance
Hybridize by terminal male of the F systems of cultivation with F1 generation, produce commercial generation.Appearance：Yellow, yellowish numb color, blue or green foot, foot footpath
Carefully, short, hat is big, and crown product is more than 2800mm2, early sexual maturity, the thin of pore
Commercial generation marketing age is 80d, and it is 1420g~1435g that male and female, which averagely delivers weight for sale, and feed conversion ratio is 2.78 ﹕
1, raise survival rate more than 96%.80 age in days Slaughter tests showeds are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 is grown, slaughter determining
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed, it is characterised in that the incubation step of the producing method for seed is as follows：
(1) it is maternal as first using fast plumage, Huang Yu, yellow shin chicken strain using slow plumage, Huang Yu, blue or green shin chicken strain as the first male parent, hybridization
It is maternal to obtain F1 generation；
(2) weight is chosen in the range of average weight ± 10%, and back follicle population is more than 25/cm2, fast plumage, appearance are Huang
The big local varieties of plumage, sex premature, hat are terminal male, and with F1 generation hybridization of female parent, it is yellow to obtain high regularity Quality type commercial generation
Chicken.
2. a kind of high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that chosen in F1 generation
The qualified hatching egg number of production more than 160 and yellow plumage, blue or green shin, the hen of Calusena lansium for selecting 66 breeders of the same age are reserved seed for planting, and form breed system
Second is maternal, selects and remain weight individual in the range of average weight ± 10% and reserves seed for planting, rate of reserving seed for planting 60-65%.
A kind of 3. high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that artificial culture and
Into high regularity Quality type Huang chicken F1 parent generation high numerous high-quality chicken of the 66 week old qualification hatching egg numbers more than 160 pieces.
A kind of 4. high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that artificial culture and
Into the high 13 week old uniformity more than 90% of regularity Quality type Huang chicken commercial generation, survival rate more than 98%, lists 95 age in days of hen
Weight 1.6-1.7kg, lists 80 age in days weight 2.1-2.2kg of cock, average feed conversion ratio 2.80：1；The commodity cockscomb of listing
It is big flushing, complete net thorax rate more than 65%.
A kind of 5. high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first father
This quick seed production method, chooses a kind of yellow plumage, high-quality, precocious, degeneration-resistant, the resistance to crude feed of blue or green shin, the weight uniformity more than 80%, 66
The high yield and high quality kind or local varieties that artificial culture of the week old egg number higher than 160 forms, are cultivated by following methods：
(1) major traits：Cockscomb size, early growth speed, that is, weight, dressing percentage, feed when plumage color, the colour of skin, shin color, listing
Conversion ratio, and breeder egg number, Age at first laying；Choose 56 age in days cock weight 600-700g 100, hen weight 500-
550g, 1200 are only used as underlying group, establish pedigree record archives；
(2) male and female chicken is from numerous, and when hatching, which eliminates, does not meet this strain appearance and weak residual individual, according to the patent No.
201410803978.1 " improve Chicken Semen quality method and its primer, kit and its application methods " judge beneficial gene types into
Row is selected and remain；Reserve seed for planting the individual per stirpes pedigree number of wearing；
Carry out full group's individual at (3) 8 weeks to weigh, statistics daily gain, feed consumption rate, calculate feed-weight ratio, measure among dorsal part median line
Measure the number of pore in 2 × 2cm, unit/cm2, and slaughter determining is carried out, measure slaughter trait and meat；Eliminate family
3 familys and the coefficient of variation of Weight averages minimum are more than 20% family；In selected family body is determined by the rate of reserving seed for planting again
Weight lower limit eliminates the small individual of weight, and cock requires the big and scarlet selection crown product of hat whisker to be more than 1600mm2, pore number is more than 28
A/cm2Reserve seed for planting；
When (4) 25 week old colony laying rate reach 5%, the testing index of needs is counted：Hen opens production weight, hen opens and lays eggs
Weight, hen Age at first laying；Cock measures semen quality；Each family selects and remain 4-5 cock, it is desirable to which the sexual reflex of cock is good；
It is required that cock semen volume of reserving seed for planting is creamy white more than 0.5mL, color, sperm concentration is more than 1,000,000,000/mL, vigor is higher than 8；
The testing index that statistics needs during (5) 300 age in days：Figure and features determination data, 300 age in days male and female chicken weight, opened production by 300 days
Age individual egg production, open production to 300 age in days individuals lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount, open production to 300 age in days colony egg productions, 300 ages in days
Egg size, qualified hatching egg insemination rate；Made choice according to multiple selection index formula：
I=0.33P1+0.12P2+0.18P3+0.32P4+0.05P5
Wherein：P1：Production is opened to 300 age in days individual egg productions；P2：Production is opened to lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount to 300 age in days individuals；P3：Material weight
Than；P4：8 week old weight；P5：Meat；
(6) each generation, each strain set up 60-80 family, and male and female chicken generally presses 1：10 proportionings；Using the family for avoiding inbreeding
Between panmixia mode, the cocks of n familys at random with all hens of residue family with No. 1 family cock in 3 generation
For 10 of interior affinity-less relation mating and so on；
(7) (2)-(6) step 3 time is repeated, cultivates the first male parent.
A kind of 6. high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 5, it is characterised in that first father
This high yield and high quality kind or local varieties such as Huainan Spotted-brown Chickens, gu-shi chicken.
7. a kind of high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first is female
This quick seed production method：A kind of fast plumage, Huang Yu, yellow shin, the weight uniformity more than 80%, 66 week old egg numbers are chosen to be higher than
The high yield and high quality kind or local varieties that the artificial culture of 180 forms, are cultivated by following methods：
(1) 112 age in days chickens are chosen, cock weight 1500-1600g 100, hen weight 1200-1300g, 1200 are only used as base
Plinth group, establishes pedigree record archives；
(2) male and female chicken is from numerous, and when hatching, which eliminates, does not meet this strain appearance and weak residual individual, and hen is according to Patent No. zl
2012 20222519.0 " chicken egg-laying deseription related gene-BMP15 gene SNPs parting kit ",
ZL201420683451.5 breeds gene promoter area's SNP partings for chicken and promoter function analysis kit judges that hen has niche
Because of type；Reserve seed for planting the individual per stirpes pedigree number of wearing；
Carry out full group's individual at (3) 10 weeks to weigh, statistics daily gain, feed consumption rate, calculate feed-weight ratio, and carry out slaughter determining, survey
Determine slaughter trait and meat；；Eliminate the family of 3 familys and the coefficient of variation more than 20% of family Weight averages minimum；；
Determine that weight lower limit eliminates the small individual of weight by the rate of reserving seed for planting again in selected family, selected and remain in combination with build, plumage color；
Full group weighs during (4) 20 week old, and body weight control is more than some weight 1700g and less than 1200g's in 1300-1600g
Eliminated；
(5) 25 week old, when colony's laying rate reaches 5%, count the testing index of needs：Hen opens production weight, hen opens and lays eggs
Weight, hen Age at first laying, breeder open production time control in 141~150 ages in days, open to lay eggs and control again in 32-34g, split production day
Age is more than 170 days or being eliminated less than 135 days；
The testing index that statistics needs during (6) 300 age in days：Figure and features determination data, 300 age in days male and female chicken weight, opened production by 300 days
Age individual egg production, open production to 300 age in days individuals lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount, open production to 300 age in days colony egg productions, 300 ages in days
Egg size, qualified hatching egg insemination rate；Made choice according to multiple selection index formula：
I=0.43P1+0.18P2+0.11P3+0.15P4+0.13P5
Wherein：P1：Production is opened to 300 age in days individual egg productions；P2：Production is opened to lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount to 300 age in days individuals；P3：Production is closed
Lattice hatching egg insemination rate；P4：10 week old weight；P5：Meat；
(7) each generation, each strain set up 60-80 family, and male and female chicken generally presses 1：10 proportionings；Using the family for avoiding inbreeding
Between panmixia mode, the cocks of n familys at random with all hens of residue family with n familys cock in 3 generation
Mate for 10 of interior affinity-less relation, and so on；
(8) (2)-(7) step 3 time is repeated, it is maternal to cultivate first.
8. a kind of high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described first is female
This high yield and high quality kind or local varieties includes the yellow chicken in capital sea, Guangxi Huang chicken, Xianju Chicken, white eared pheasant, Rugao Huang chicken.
A kind of 9. high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the terminal father
This quick seed production method, chooses that a kind of yellow plumage or jute plumage be high-quality, precocious, the weight uniformity more than 90%, artificial culture and
Into fine quality, focal selection prematureness, early stage weight and the weight uniformity, select fast plumage, leaf-comb, without shin plumage, cyan shin
Donor stem cell infusion reserve seed for planting；Plumage color requires jute or shallow numb color plumage at the same time, and nonbroodiness, eliminates variegated chicken and contain white plumage recessiveness base
The individual of cause, is cultivated by following methods：
(1) 70 age in days chickens are chosen, cock weight 1500-1600g measures cockscomb height, cockscomb area, and rooster comb area is more than
2000mm2100, hen weight 1100-1200g, cockscomb area is more than 1000mm212000 are only used as underlying group, establish pedigree
Record archives；
(2) male and female chicken is from numerous, and when hatching, which eliminates, does not meet this strain appearance and weak residual individual, according to Patent No.
201410803978.1st, " Chicken Semen quality method and its primer, kit and its application method are improved " and judges beneficial gene type
Selected and remain；Reserve seed for planting the individual per stirpes pedigree number of wearing；
Carry out full group's individual at (3) 6 weeks to weigh, statistics daily gain, feed consumption rate, calculate feed-weight ratio, measure among dorsal part median line
Measure the number of pore in 2 × 2cm, unit/cm2；Measure and carry out slaughter determining, measure slaughter trait and meat；Press body
Weight sorts from big to small, reserves seed for planting from big to small by weight again after 3-5 most heavy, secondary weights, the individual weighed again is rejected, cock chicken
Crown product is more than 1800mm2, pore number is more than 25/cm2Reserve seed for planting；Cock rate of reserving seed for planting is 3%-5%, and cannot be less than 250；
Hen reserves seed for planting rate no more than 20%, and cannot be less than 2000；
When (4) 25 week old colony laying rate reach 5%, the testing index of needs is counted：Hen opens production weight, hen opens and lays eggs
Weight, hen Age at first laying；Cock measures semen quality；Each family selects and remain 4-5 cock, it is desirable to which the sexual reflex of cock is good；
It is required that cock semen volume of reserving seed for planting is creamy white more than 0.5mL, color, sperm concentration is more than 1,000,000,000/mL, vigor is higher than 8；
The testing index that statistics needs during (5) 300 age in days：Figure and features determination data, 300 age in days male and female chicken weight, opened production by 300 days
Age individual egg production, open production to 300 age in days individuals lay eggs qualified hatching egg amount, open production to 300 age in days colony egg productions, 300 ages in days
Egg size, qualified hatching egg insemination rate；Made choice according to multiple selection index formula：
I=0.12+0.12P2+0.24P3+0.41P4+0.11P5
Wherein：P1：Production is opened to 300 age in days individual egg productions；P2：Dressing percentage；P3：Feed-weight ratio；P4：6 week old weight；P5：Meat；
(6) each generation, each strain set up 60-80 family, and male and female chicken generally presses 1：10 proportionings；Using the family for avoiding inbreeding
Between panmixia mode, the cocks of n familys at random with all hens of residue family with n familys cock in 3 generation
Mate for 10 of interior affinity-less relation, and so on；
(7) (2)-(6) step 3 time is repeated, cultivates terminal male.
A kind of 10. high regularity Quality type Huang chicken producing method for seed according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the terminal
The fine quality that artificial culture forms in male parent includes snow mountain chicken Z systems, the primary chicken Y systems of Shao.
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| CN109147871A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-04 | 南京林业大学 | Varietal character difference analysis method and device |
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| CN108782451A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-13 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | A kind of breeding method of long short flannel from other dove |
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| CN109147871A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-04 | 南京林业大学 | Varietal character difference analysis method and device |
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| CN109197775A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of black-and-white flower plumage high-yield egg chicken strain |
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| CN111887201A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-06 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Method for measuring production performance of meat pigeons and application thereof |
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