CN108017853A - 一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料 - Google Patents

一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料 Download PDF

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CN108017853A
CN108017853A CN201711438689.6A CN201711438689A CN108017853A CN 108017853 A CN108017853 A CN 108017853A CN 201711438689 A CN201711438689 A CN 201711438689A CN 108017853 A CN108017853 A CN 108017853A
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composite material
freeze proof
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plastic door
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唐迪如
许巍
周国荣
苏怀生
徐鹏
林深
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TAICANG GUANLIAN POLYMERIC MATERIAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，按质量份数，组成成分如下：PVC 50～80份、ABS 35～50份、滑石粉15～20份、碳酸钙30～50份、木粉15～20份、聚酰胺纤维10～15份、发泡剂0.5～1份、发泡调节剂1～2份、聚乙烯蜡4～8份、增韧剂2～5份、硬脂酸钙2～3份、偶联剂2～6份、阻燃剂3～6份、防老剂1～2份、ACR改性剂1～2份、石蜡1～2份。本发明通过PVC和ABS的共用，并综合使用稳定剂、阻燃剂、聚酰胺纤维等，得到兼具良好的强度和韧性的产品，又有优良的耐热性、耐磨性、阻燃性，膨胀率低，热收缩小，是理想的塑木地板用品。

Description

一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料制造领域，特别涉及一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料。
背景技术
塑料门窗是以聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂为主要原料，经挤出成型材制作而成的门窗，按材质可分为PVC塑料门窗和玻璃纤维增强塑料门窗。塑料门窗具有抗风、防水、保温等良好特性，还有节约型材、回收料可重复利用等优势，因此越来越得到广泛应用。
在北方地区，冬季气温较低，而现有的聚氯乙烯塑料通常存在耐低温性能较差、抗冻抗冲击强度低的缺点。
发明内容
本发明即是针对以上问题所提出的一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，具有优良的耐寒抗冻性能，强度高，抗冲击能力强。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，按质量份数，其组成成分如下：PVC 40～60份、ABS 30～50份、玻璃纤维15～20份、植物纤维10～20份、丙烯酸树脂10～15份、抗氧剂0.8～1.5份、聚乙烯蜡4～8份、硬脂酸钙2～3份、钛白粉2～5份、阻燃剂2～3份、相容剂1～2份、ACR 1～2份、丙三醇1～2份。
优选的，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，组成成分如下：PVC 40份、ABS 30份、玻璃纤维15份、植物纤维10份、丙烯酸树脂10份、抗氧剂0.8份、聚乙烯蜡4份、硬脂酸钙2份、钛白粉2份、阻燃剂2份、相容剂1份、ACR 1份、丙三醇1份。
优选的，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，组成成分如下：PVC 60份、ABS 50份、玻璃纤维20份、植物纤维20份、丙烯酸树脂15份、抗氧剂1.5份、聚乙烯蜡8份、硬脂酸钙3份、钛白粉5份、阻燃剂3份、相容剂2份、ACR 2份、丙三醇2份。
优选的，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，按质量份数，组成成分如下：PVC 50份、ABS 40份、玻璃纤维17份、植物纤维18份、丙烯酸树脂12份、抗氧剂1份、聚乙烯蜡5份、硬脂酸钙2份、钛白粉3份、阻燃剂2份、相容剂1份、ACR 2份、丙三醇1份。
优选的，所述植物纤维是木粉，粒度在100～200目。
优选的，所述抗氧剂是受阻酚类抗氧剂和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂按1：1.5组合而成。
优选的，所述相容剂是PE-g-ST、PP-g-ST、ABS-g-MAH、PE-g-MAH中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述阻燃剂是十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、氢氧化铝的组合。
优选的，所述ACR是改性剂ACR-201或ACR-401。
本发明的制备方法按照以下步骤进行：
(1)按所需重量份准备好各原料；
(2)将PVC、ABS树脂、玻璃纤维、丙烯酸树脂粉碎至20目以下，将植物纤维、相容剂、抗菌剂和抗氧剂粉碎至200目以下；
(3)将粉碎后的各种原料混合均匀；
(4)将混合后的各种原料加入螺杆型混合设备，连续熔融混合，混合温度75-120℃，熔融时间为30-60min；
(5)冷却后，利用粉碎机进行粉碎，粉碎成粒径为0.5-2cm的颗粒，即得到所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料。
本发明以PVC和ABS树脂为主体材料，具有良好的耐寒性和耐低温冲击能力，力学性能和加工性能达到均衡。
本发明加入阻燃剂，可以使成型后的门窗有较好的防火阻燃性能。
本发明中加入玻璃纤维和植物纤维，可以增加成品的强度，同时降低产品成本。
本发明加入丙三醇，可以增强产品的耐寒性能。
本发明通过PVC和ABS的共用，并综合使用相容剂、引发剂、玻璃纤维、植物纤维等，得到兼具良好的强度和冲击性的产品，又有优良的耐寒性、阻燃性，耐油耐酸碱性好，是理想的塑木地板用品。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，按质量份数，其组成成分如下：PVC 40～60份、ABS 30～50份、玻璃纤维15～20份、植物纤维10～20份、丙烯酸树脂10～15份、抗氧剂0.8～1.5份、聚乙烯蜡4～8份、硬脂酸钙2～3份、钛白粉2～5份、阻燃剂2～3份、相容剂1～2份、ACR 1～2份、丙三醇1～2份。
优选的，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，组成成分如下：PVC 40份、ABS 30份、玻璃纤维15份、植物纤维10份、丙烯酸树脂10份、抗氧剂0.8份、聚乙烯蜡4份、硬脂酸钙2份、钛白粉2份、阻燃剂2份、相容剂1份、ACR 1份、丙三醇1份。
优选的，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，组成成分如下：PVC 60份、ABS 50份、玻璃纤维20份、植物纤维20份、丙烯酸树脂15份、抗氧剂1.5份、聚乙烯蜡8份、硬脂酸钙3份、钛白粉5份、阻燃剂3份、相容剂2份、ACR 2份、丙三醇2份。
优选的，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，按质量份数，组成成分如下：PVC 50份、ABS 40份、玻璃纤维17份、植物纤维18份、丙烯酸树脂12份、抗氧剂1份、聚乙烯蜡5份、硬脂酸钙2份、钛白粉3份、阻燃剂2份、相容剂1份、ACR 2份、丙三醇1份。
优选的，所述植物纤维是木粉，粒度在100～200目。
优选的，所述抗氧剂是受阻酚类抗氧剂和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂按1∶1.5组合而成。
优选的，所述相容剂是PE-g-ST、PP-g-ST、ABS-g-MAH、PE-g-MAH中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述阻燃剂是十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、氢氧化铝的组合。
优选的，所述ACR是改性剂ACR-201或ACR-401。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，组成成分如下：PVC 40份、ABS 30份、玻璃纤维15份、植物纤维10份、丙烯酸树脂10份、抗氧剂0.8份、聚乙烯蜡4份、硬脂酸钙2份、钛白粉2份、阻燃剂2份、相容剂1份、ACR 1份、丙三醇1份。
所述木粉的粒度在150～200目。
所述滑石粉是片状。
所述稳定剂是钙锌稳定剂。
所述发泡调节剂是PVC发泡调节剂ZB-530。
所述增韧剂是EVA。
所述偶联剂是硅烷偶联剂KH-540。
所述防老剂是防老剂RD、防老剂4010NA的组合。
所述阻燃剂是聚磷酸铵、三氧化二锑、氢氧化铝的组合。所述聚磷酸铵、三氧化二锑、氢氧化铝的比例在2～3∶1～2∶2～3之间。
所述ACR改性剂是ACR-201。
本发明的制备步骤如下：
1、将上述重量份的原料放入混炼机中于110℃～130℃混炼；
2、将干燥后的预混料冷却至40～50℃后送入挤出机生产成型。
本实施方式的制品，物理性能测试结果为：拉伸强度43.5MPa，断裂伸长率5.6％，冲击强度57.8KJ/m2，吸水率0.7％，热收缩率0.5％。
在本发明的另一种实施方式中，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，组成成分如下：PVC 80份、ABS 50份、滑石粉20份、碳酸钙50份、木粉20份、聚酰胺纤维15份、发泡剂1份、发泡调节剂2份、聚乙烯蜡8份、增韧剂5份、硬脂酸钙3份、偶联剂6份、阻燃剂6份、防老剂2份、ACR改性剂2份、石蜡2份。
所述木粉的粒度在150～200目。
所述滑石粉是片状。
所述稳定剂是钙锌稳定剂。
所述发泡调节剂是PVC发泡调节剂ZB-531。
所述增韧剂是EVA。
所述偶联剂是硅烷偶联剂KH-540。
所述防老剂是防老剂RD、防老剂4010NA的组合。
所述阻燃剂是聚磷酸铵、三氧化二锑、氢氧化铝的组合。所述聚磷酸铵、三氧化二锑、氢氧化铝的比例在2～3∶1～2∶2～3之间。
所述ACR改性剂是ACR-401。
本实施方式的制品，物理性能测试结果为：拉伸强度45.2MPa，断裂伸长率4.7％，冲击强度55.8KJ/m2，吸水率0.7％，热收缩率0.5％。
在本发明的另一种实施方式中，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，按质量份数，组成成分如下：PVC 60份、ABS 40份、滑石粉17份、碳酸钙40份、木粉18份、聚酰胺纤维12份、发泡剂1份、发泡调节剂1.5份、聚乙烯蜡6份、增韧剂3份、硬脂酸钙2份、偶联剂4份、阻燃剂5份、防老剂1.5份、ACR改性剂1.5份、石蜡1。
本实施方式的制品，物理性能测试结果为：拉伸强度42.8MPa，断裂伸长率6.1％，冲击强度51.8KJ/m2，吸水率0.8％，热收缩率0.5％。
本发明通过PVC和ABS的共用，并综合使用稳定剂、阻燃剂、聚酰胺纤维等，得到兼具良好的强度和韧性的产品，又有优良的耐热性、耐磨性、阻燃性，膨胀率低，热收缩小，是理想的塑木地板用品。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，按质量份数，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料的组成成分如下：PVC 40～60份、ABS 30～50份、玻璃纤维15～20份、植物纤维10～20份、丙烯酸树脂10～15份、抗氧剂0.8～1.5份、聚乙烯蜡4～8份、硬脂酸钙2～3份、钛白粉2～5份、阻燃剂2～3份、相容剂1～2份、ACR 1～2份、丙三醇1～2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，组成成分如下：PVC 40份、ABS 30份、玻璃纤维15份、植物纤维10份、丙烯酸树脂10份、抗氧剂0.8份、聚乙烯蜡4份、硬脂酸钙2份、钛白粉2份、阻燃剂2份、相容剂1份、ACR 1份、丙三醇1份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，组成成分如下：PVC 60份、ABS 50份、玻璃纤维20份、植物纤维20份、丙烯酸树脂15份、抗氧剂1.5份、聚乙烯蜡8份、硬脂酸钙3份、钛白粉5份、阻燃剂3份、相容剂2份、ACR 2份、丙三醇2份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，所述耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，按质量份数，组成成分如下：PVC 50份、ABS 40份、玻璃纤维17份、植物纤维18份、丙烯酸树脂12份、抗氧剂1份、聚乙烯蜡5份、硬脂酸钙2份、钛白粉3份、阻燃剂2份、相容剂1份、ACR 2份、丙三醇1份。
5.根据权利要求1～4任一所述的耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，所述植物纤维是木粉，粒度在100～200目。
6.根据权利要求1～4任一所述的耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂是受阻酚类抗氧剂和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂按1∶1.5组合而成。
7.根据权利要求1～4任一所述的耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，所述相容剂是PE-g-ST、PP-g-ST、ABS-g-MAH、PE-g-MAH中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求1～4任一所述的耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂是十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、氢氧化铝的组合。
9.根据权利要求1～4任一所述的耐寒抗冻塑料门窗用复合材料，其特征在于，所述ACR是改性剂ACR-201或ACR-401。
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