CN107988592A - 一种三价铬黑锌钝化剂 - Google Patents
一种三价铬黑锌钝化剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种三价铬黑锌钝化剂，包括按质量配比的以下组分：主盐10‑20份，促进剂5‑15份，络合剂10‑20份，纯水50‑60份，氢氧化钠0.1‑5份。这种三价铬黑锌钝化剂能够帮助钢铁零件电镀锌后获得优秀的三价铬黑色钝化膜，使钝化膜耐腐蚀性强，不含六价铬，污水处理简单，按三价铬污水处理即可，可以有效回用，可以降低生产成本，提高产品良品率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电镀领域的钝化剂，特别是一种三价铬黑锌钝化剂。
背景技术
钢铁零件电镀锌后通常都会进行钝化处理，电镀锌的三价铬黑锌钝化剂有着良好的外观和耐腐蚀的性能，各类企业产量日益增长。然而，市面上电镀锌的三价铬钝化液中的黑锌钝化剂质量参差不齐，一般都存在着以下缺点：外观差，钝化膜松垮，不耐腐蚀(耐中性盐雾测试8-24小时白锈)；使用金属发黑剂，废水处理麻烦，成本增高；钝化液开缸后不稳定，生产波动大，产品良品率低。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种三价铬黑锌钝化剂，使钝化膜耐腐蚀性强、耐杂质，可以降低生产成本，提高产品良品率。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的一种三价铬黑锌钝化剂，包括按质量配比的以下组分：主盐10-20份，促进剂5-15份，络合剂10-20份，纯水50-60份，氢氧化钠0.1-5份。
所述三价铬黑锌钝化剂还包括有机硫化物15-25份、封孔剂5-10份和水65-80份组成的发黑剂。
所述主盐是硝酸铬、硫酸铬、氯化铬或者草酸铬中的一种。
所述促进剂是硝酸钴、硝酸钠或者硝酸钾中的一种。
所述络合剂是甲酸、草酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、氟化钠、氢氟酸或者氟锆酸铵中的一种。
本发明的有益效果是：这种三价铬黑锌钝化剂能够帮助钢铁零件电镀锌后获得优秀的三价铬黑色钝化膜，使钝化膜耐腐蚀性强，不含六价铬，污水处理简单，按三价铬污水处理即可，可以有效回用，可以降低生产成本，提高产品良品率。
具体实施方式
本发明的一种三价铬黑锌钝化剂，包括按质量配比的以下组分：(成膜剂)主盐10-20份，促进剂5-15份，络合剂10-20份，纯水50-60份，氢氧化钠0.1-5份。所述三价铬黑锌钝化剂还包括有机硫化物15-25份、封孔剂5-10份和水65-80份组成的发黑剂。所述主盐是硝酸铬、硫酸铬、氯化铬或者草酸铬中的一种。所述促进剂是硝酸钴、硝酸钠或者硝酸钾中的一种。所述络合剂是甲酸、草酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、氟化钠、氢氟酸或者氟锆酸铵中的一种。在成膜的期间，引入有机硫化物，有机硫化物可以选用巯基乙酸钠、多硫化钠或硫化钠的一种或多种进行发黑，最后经过封孔剂(硅酸钠或有机硅烷)的封孔，获得性能良好的钝化膜。
这种三价铬黑锌钝化剂能够帮助钢铁零件电镀锌后获得优秀的三价铬黑色钝化膜，使钝化膜耐腐蚀性强，不含六价铬，污水处理简单，按三价铬污水处理即可，可以有效回用，可以降低生产成本，提高产品良品率。钢铁零件电镀锌后获得黑色致密的光亮黑色钝化膜，耐中性盐雾测试中72小时以上无白锈，红锈360小时以上。产品开缸后，稳定PH值在1.8-2.2之间稳定长期使用；耐杂质性能优秀，在锌离子杂质浓度高于15g/L，铁杂质离子浓度高于150mg/L，依旧可满足生产。另外，这种三价铬黑锌钝化剂适用性广，适用于自动生产线生产，电镀锌滚镀挂镀通用。
以上三价铬的黑色钝化剂(SH-50A和SH-50B)配合SQ-950封闭剂可获得更加优秀的性能。其主要作用为：
1、提高产品的外观性能，使三价铬黑锌钝化的产品钝化膜更加致密，光亮；
2、为产品提供更好耐摩擦，碰撞性能；
3、当浓度约为50-80ml/L时，能将三价铬黑锌的耐中性盐雾测试时间提高到96小时以上；
4、当浓度约为80-120ml/L时，能将三价铬黑锌的耐中性盐雾测试时间提高到120小时以上。
本发明的三价铬黑锌钝化剂配制工艺如下：
每100g钝化剂(SH-50A)：先加适量的水，然后混合硝酸铬15g，硝酸钴5g，硝酸钠10g，络合剂(甲酸5g，草酸8g，苹果酸1g)，加热至75℃，待完全溶解为淡紫色液体，待用。
每100g发黑剂(SH-50B)：先加适量的水，然后混合封孔剂硅酸钠5g，完全溶解后，加入巯基乙酸钠15g，加热至50℃，待完全溶解后为淡黄色溶液，待用。
每100g封闭剂(SQ-950)：先加入适量的水，然后混合磷酸铬13-15g，硫酸铬3-5g，硝酸钠2.5-3.5g，硫酸钠2.5-4g，磷酸二氢锌2-2.6g，草酸1.2-2g，加热至75℃，完全溶解后为绿色液体，待用。
钢铁零件电镀锌的工艺如下：镀锌→三级水洗→活化→水洗→三价黑色钝化→水洗→封闭→冷风吹干→热风干燥(60-80℃)。
操作条件：
配合封闭剂SQ-950可获得更好的外观和盐雾性能。
| 项目 | 范围 | 最佳值 |
| 封闭剂建浴 | SQ-950：50-120ml/L | 80ml/L |
| PH值 | 3.5-4.5 | 4.0 |
| 温度 | 40-50℃ | 45℃ |
| 时间 | 5-25S | 10S |
| 搅拌方式 | 空气搅拌 | 空气搅拌 |
备注：最佳工艺参数需根据现场不同工艺而做出相应调整。
钝化槽液的配制工艺如下：
1、在钝化槽中加入八成所需纯水或自来水；
2、钝化槽按计算量分别加入SH-50A和SH-50B，打开空气搅拌并补加水至规定体积，搅拌均匀后，调节PH值在1.8-2.5间即可使用，冬天温度低时需调整温度25℃以上；
3、封闭槽中加入六成所需纯水或自来水，按计算量加入SQ-950，加水至规定体积。搅拌均匀后，加温至40-50℃即可使用。
使用时，电镀锌工件经浸泡SH-50三价铬黑色钝化剂后，获得黑色明亮的三价铬黑锌钝化膜，中性盐雾耐腐蚀测试中，72小时无白锈，360小时无红锈。配合封闭剂SQ-950，可在中性盐雾耐腐蚀测试中120小时无白锈。
Claims (5)
1.一种三价铬黑锌钝化剂，其特征在于，包括按质量配比的以下组分：主盐10-20份，促进剂5-15份，络合剂10-20份，纯水50-60份，氢氧化钠0.1-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的三价铬黑锌钝化剂，其特征在于：还包括有机硫化物15-25份、封孔剂5-10份和水65-80份组成的发黑剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的三价铬黑锌钝化剂，其特征在于：所述主盐是硝酸铬、硫酸铬、氯化铬或者草酸铬中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的三价铬黑锌钝化剂，其特征在于：所述促进剂是硝酸钴、硝酸钠或者硝酸钾中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的三价铬黑锌钝化剂，其特征在于：所述络合剂是甲酸、草酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、氟化钠、氢氟酸或者氟锆酸铵中的一种或多种。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110158068A (zh) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-23 | 上海德修化工有限公司 | 一种环保型锌镍合金黑色钝化液及其使用方法 |
| CN114438485A (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-06 | 广州传福化学技术有限公司 | 一种单剂型酸锌三价铬黑色钝化剂及其使用方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102560467A (zh) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-07-11 | 济南德锡科技有限公司 | 一种高耐蚀镀锌黑色钝化剂及其配制方法 |
| CN104894549A (zh) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 广西柳州市龙发金属表面处理技术有限公司 | 三价黑锌钝化液的制备工艺 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102560467A (zh) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-07-11 | 济南德锡科技有限公司 | 一种高耐蚀镀锌黑色钝化剂及其配制方法 |
| CN104894549A (zh) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 广西柳州市龙发金属表面处理技术有限公司 | 三价黑锌钝化液的制备工艺 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110158068A (zh) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-23 | 上海德修化工有限公司 | 一种环保型锌镍合金黑色钝化液及其使用方法 |
| CN110158068B (zh) * | 2019-06-17 | 2021-03-05 | 上海德修化工有限公司 | 一种环保型锌镍合金黑色钝化液及其使用方法 |
| CN114438485A (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-06 | 广州传福化学技术有限公司 | 一种单剂型酸锌三价铬黑色钝化剂及其使用方法 |
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