CN107980614A - A kind of hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed - Google Patents
A kind of hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107980614A CN107980614A CN201711291140.9A CN201711291140A CN107980614A CN 107980614 A CN107980614 A CN 107980614A CN 201711291140 A CN201711291140 A CN 201711291140A CN 107980614 A CN107980614 A CN 107980614A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed, its method in producing hybrid wheat seed technical field to comprise the following steps：1) male parent and maternal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing determine in producing hybrid wheat seed, 2) specifically adjust male parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing and male parent and maternal application rate 3) are determined according to male parent and maternal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing, according to the growth and development characteristic of wheat itself, studied with reference to the pre-stage test of planting density and breeding time, the florescence of Parent is adjusted by adjusting the planting density of male parent, realize the hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed of flower synchronization, compared with interval sowing, the present invention can be operated with entire mechanization, it is easy to operate, efficiently, manually throw few, cost is low；Compared with spraying hormone, the present invention uses planting density florescence alternation, easy to operate, is easily mastered, cost is relatively low, and also there is no the potential pollution that steroids conditioning agent may be brought, it is not necessary to extra manually input.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to producing hybrid wheat seed technical field, specific field is a kind of hybrid wheat flowering regulation production of hybrid seeds side
Method.
Background technology
Hybrid wheat is to further improve the horizontal effective way with resistance of wheat yield, and Resistance of Wheat To Adversity includes
Disease-resistant, drought-enduring, heat-resisting and saline-alkali tolerant etc., through studying for many years, China creates the temperature sensitive two line method hybrid wheat application of supporting light
Technical system；The hybrid wheat popularization and application to be succeeded it may first have to have strong advantage hybrid wheat kind, next must be able to
Efficiently produce the seed of these hybrid wheat kinds；It is in general, same or like with breeding time (especially heading stage, florescence)
Male parent (also referred to as " restorer ") with maternal (also referred to as " sterile line ") test cross, the probability that strong advantage hybrid wheat kind occurs compared with
It is low, often insufficient one thousandth, if male parent has different with maternal breeding time, both hybridize assemble after, strong advantage is miscellaneous
Handing over the probability that wheat breed occurs can significantly improve, and many superior hybrid crosses wheats combination kind such as cloud being bred as at present is No. 5 miscellaneous, cloud
Miscellaneous No. 6, cloud is No. 9 miscellaneous, cloud miscellaneous No. 12 and miscellaneous No. 15 of cloud etc., there is the difference of 5~15 days in the breeding time of its male parent and female parent, only
Breeding time is close between male parent and female parent that cloud is miscellaneous No. 3；There is different in breeding time between male parent and female parent, although being conducive to select
Strong advantage cross combinations in hybrid wheat kind is educated, but also brings adverse effect to the production of hybrid seeds hereafter.
As the double-linear hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds, maternal (itself infertility, it is impossible to set seeds) needs to connect for the two-line-method hybrid wheat production of hybrid seeds
Could be solid by the pollen of male parent, the seed harvested from female parent is cenospecies, and cenospecies can be used for peasant household's large area production
Plantation.In the actual production of hybrid seeds, no matter using which kind of seeding technique pattern, male parent and female parent will according to a certain percentage with arrangement side
Formula is planted, and hybrid seed yield is key index whether weighing production of hybrid seeds technology maturation, directly affects the production cost of cenospecies；The production of hybrid seeds
For yield except having outside the Pass with father, maternal planting proportion and arrangement mode, male parent and maternal flower synchronization are most important；Wheat
Maternal column cap is generally most strong in 3~5 days vigor of Post flowering, this period, which is inscribed, is subject to paternal pollen, setting percentage highest, if
Production of hybrid seeds field overwhelming majority male parent cannot bloom within this period, provide sufficient amount of pollen for female parent, then hybrid seed yield is just
Can be affected, influence degree depends on male parent and maternal flower synchronization degree, if furthermore florescence do not meet completely,
It is possible that No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity；Male parent and maternal breeding time (especially florescence) due to the strong advantage hybrid wheat kind of considerable part
There is some difference, in the production of hybrid seeds to realize flower synchronization, mainly there is following 2 kinds of technical solutions：
One is male parent and maternal interval sowing：Male parent and female parent are sowed in different time, realize flower synchronization.Such as：
If observation early period finds male parent and maternal same period sowing, the florescence of male parent, then first sowing was female than maternal 3~5 days ahead of time
This, male parent is sowed in the certain time after maternal emerge again, whereas if the florescence of male parent is obvious partially more late than maternal, then
Male parent is sowed ahead of time；The shortcomings that program is：It is difficult to carry out mechanized operation in large area produces the production of hybrid seeds, it is time-consuming, into
This height, the field management such as be not easy to pour water, apply fertilizer, and is only suitable for being used to test in the research a small amount of cenospecies of initial production.
Secondly being sowed for male parent and the maternal same period, its breeding time and florescence are adjusted with steroids growth regulator, it is real
Existing flower synchronization, during the production of hybrid seeds male parent and the maternal same period sow, according to the florescence difference of known Parent, in different stages of growth,
Spray the conditioning agents such as gibberellin, multiple-effect file and composite hormone and suppress or promote plant strain growth, adjust breeding time and florescence, realize
The shortcomings that flower synchronization, the program is：The response of different cultivars, different temperatures damp condition to all kinds of growth regulators has difference
It is different, often only male parent or female parent are individually sprayed when bringing certain risk to final flower synchronization, and applying conditioning agent, and it is same
One piece of field is planted at the same time is implanted with male parent and female parent, and practical operation requires height, also increases medication and recruitment cost.
Growth and development characteristic of the invention according to wheat itself, is studied with reference to the pre-stage test of planting density and breeding time,
And production application for many years differs 4~15 days as a result, developing a kind of Parent florescence, by adjusting the planting density of male parent
To adjust the florescence of Parent, the hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed of flower synchronization is realized, this method is simple, specification, height
Effect, artificial less investment, hybrid seed yield is high, production of hybrid seeds high efficiency.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed, to solve in above-mentioned background technology
The problem of proposition.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution：A kind of hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed, its
Method comprises the following steps：
1) male parent and maternal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing determine in producing hybrid wheat seed
Female parent adjusts the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of male parent to fit using 14.5~15.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu as Basic Seedling thickness of sowing
Should the maternal florescence, when male parent differs 4~7 days with the maternal florescence, male parent differs 1.5 with female parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing~
2.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, when male parent differ with the maternal florescence, at 8~11 days, male parent differs 3.5 with female parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing~
4.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, when male parent differ with the maternal florescence, at 12~15 days, male parent differs 5.5 with female parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing
~6.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu；
2) male parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing is specifically adjusted
Female parent is using 14.5~15.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu as optimal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing, when more maternal morning 4~7 at the florescence of male parent
It when, male parent realizes flower synchronization by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 12.5~13.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, when the florescence of male parent it is more maternal late
At 4~7 days, male parent realizes flower synchronization by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 16.5~17.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, more female when the florescence of male parent
During 8~11 days this morning, male parent can realize flower synchronization by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 10.5~11.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, when male parent
When florescence is slow 8~11 days more maternal, male parent can realize flower synchronization by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 18.5~19.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu,
When 12~15 days more maternal morning of the florescence of male parent, florescence phase can be achieved by the Basic Seedling sowing of 8.5~9.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu in male parent
Meet, when the florescence of male parent is slow 12~15 days more maternal, male parent can be real by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 20.5~21.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu
Existing flower synchronization；
3) male parent and maternal application rate are determined according to male parent and maternal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing
Application rate calculation formula is：
Preferably, the maternal florescence is maternal Post flowering 3~5 days.
Preferably, the flower synchronization is that maternal Post flowering has more than 70% male parent to bloom with the same period in 3~5 days.
Preferably, the Basic Seedling is after planting actual number of emerging per acre.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed, according to small
The growth and development characteristic of wheat itself, is studied with reference to the pre-stage test of planting density and breeding time, and production application knot for many years
Fruit, develops a kind of Parent florescence difference 4~15 days, and the florescence of Parent is adjusted by adjusting the planting density of male parent,
Realize the hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed of flower synchronization, compared with interval sowing, the present invention can be grasped with entire mechanization
Make, it is easy to operate, efficient, manually throw less, cost is low；Compared with spraying hormone, the present invention uses planting density florescence alternation, grasps
Make simply, to be easily mastered, cost is relatively low, and also there is no the potential pollution that steroids conditioning agent may be brought, it is not necessary to extra people
Work is put into.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute
The embodiment of description is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention,
Those of ordinary skill in the art's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work, belong to this hair
The scope of bright protection.
Embodiment 1：
In late October, 2014 to the first tenday period of a month in May, 2015 are miscellaneous in the production of hybrid seeds of Chuxiong Prefecture Lufeng County Nong Xing agricultural machinery cooperations of Yunnan Province
Hand over 100 mu of wheat breed " miscellaneous No. 5 of cloud ".
The male parent (i.e. restorer) of " miscellaneous No. 5 of cloud " is 01Y1- 1069, maternal (i.e. sterile line) is K78S, according to multiple years
Observation is as a result, under identical Basic Seedling and same period sowing condition, 01Y112~14 days slower than K78S of -1069 florescence, production system
For realization, both same periods sow flower synchronization, male parent 01Y in kind1- 1069 Basic Seedling needs to increase on the basis of maternal K78S
Add 5.5~6.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, correspondingly, male parent and maternal application rate can be calculated with the following formula：
Wherein, maternal 25 grams of mass of 1000 kernel, 43 grams of male parent mass of 1000 kernel, both germination percentages are 95%, and Seedling emergence rate 75%, is pressed
2 meters of maternal bands：1 meter of male parent tape alternation plantation, female parent account for the 2/3 of production of hybrid seeds area, i.e., maternal area is 2/3 mu per acre, and male parent accounts for
The 1/3 of production of hybrid seeds area, i.e., male parent area is 1/3 mu per acre, and maternal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing is 150,000 seedlings/mu, calculates it and broadcasts
Kind amount is 3.5 kgs/acre；210,000 seedlings of male parent Basic Seedling/mu, calculate its amount of broadcasting as 4.2 kgs/acre；The actual face of field is pressed again
Product and male parent and maternal occupied area ratio conversion, title kind；
Using disk seeder by 2 meters of maternal bands：The kind of 1 meter of male parent band plants pattern and sown, completes within 2 days
Sow, apply the work such as seed manure and lid kind.Fertilizer, water, disease, worm and the crop smothering management of seed farm are identical with plantation conventional wheat.
Result of implementation：Florescence is subsequently entered in mid-March, 2015 female parent and male parent, sample investigation has 77.2% father
This and maternal flower synchronization, the cenospecies average product of 100 mu of production of hybrid seeds is up to 276.6 kgs/acre (harvests from maternal).
Compared with interval sowing method, 1 can be at least reduced per acre manually in sowing link (sow, apply seed manure and lid kind)
Input, sowing progress can at least save 3 day time；Compared with spraying hormone, method of the invention can at least save 2-3 people
Work is put into and the expense of hormone, and the production of hybrid seeds is easy to operate, effect stability, has a net increase of income per acre more than 200 yuan.
Embodiment 2：
In late October, 2015 to the first tenday period of a month in May, 2016 are in Baoshan, Yunnan city Tengchong County production of hybrid seeds hybrid wheat Combination nova
20 mu of " miscellaneous No. 9 of cloud ".
The male parent of " miscellaneous No. 9 of cloud " is 06X-44, and female parent is K456S, is observed according to early period as a result, in identical Basic Seedling and the same period
Under sowing condition, 5 days more early than maternal K78S of the florescence of male parent 06X-44 and heading more concentrate, produce the production of hybrid seeds in for realize both
The same period sows flower synchronization, its Basic Seedling needs to reduce 1.5~2.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu on the basis of maternal K456S, correspondingly, father
This and maternal application rate are calculated with the following formula：
Maternal 32 grams of mass of 1000 kernel, 45 grams of male parent mass of 1000 kernel, both germination percentages are 90%, Seedling emergence rate 75%, by 2 meters of mothers
This band：1 meter of male parent tape alternation plantation, female parent account for the 2/3 of production of hybrid seeds area, and male parent accounts for the 1/3 of production of hybrid seeds area, maternal Basic Seedling sowing
150,000 seedlings of density/mu, 130,000 seedlings of male parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing/mu.According to result of calculation, the female parent amount of broadcasting is 4.7 kgs/acre,
The male parent amount of broadcasting is 2.9 kgs/acre；Again in field real area and male parent and maternal occupied area ratio conversion, title kind；
Using disk seeder by 2 meters of maternal bands：1 meter of male parent band cropping pattern is sowed, the fertilizer of seed farm, water, disease, worm
It is identical with plantation conventional wheat with crop smothering management.
Result of implementation：To in early March, 2016, maternal and male parent subsequently enters florescence, and sample investigation has 83.5%
Male parent and maternal flower synchronization, Parent flower synchronization is good, and the cenospecies average product of 20 mu of production of hybrid seeds is up to 284.2 kgs/acre, together
When 20 mu of production of hybrid seeds average male parent yield be 187.4 kilograms.The average yield per mu value of 20 mu of production of hybrid seeds reaches 1830 yuan/mu.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of changes, modification, replace
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed, it is characterised in that：Its method comprises the following steps：1) male parent and maternal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing determine in producing hybrid wheat seedFemale parent adjusts the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of male parent to adapt to mother using 14.5~15.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu as Basic Seedling thickness of sowing At this florescence, when male parent differs 4~7 days with the maternal florescence, male parent differs 1.5~2.5 ten thousand with maternal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing Seedling/mu, when male parent differ with the maternal florescence, at 8~11 days, male parent differs 3.5~4.5 ten thousand with female parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing Seedling/mu, when male parent differ with the maternal florescence, at 12~15 days, male parent differs 5.5~6.5 with female parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing Ten thousand seedlings/mu；2) male parent Basic Seedling thickness of sowing is specifically adjustedFemale parent is using 14.5~15.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu as optimal Basic Seedling thickness of sowing, when 4~7 days more maternal morning of the florescence of male parent, Male parent realizes flower synchronization by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 12.5~13.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, when the florescence of male parent more maternal slow 4~7 It when, male parent realizes flower synchronization by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 16.5~17.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, when more maternal morning at the florescence of male parent At 8~11 days, male parent can realize flower synchronization by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 10.5~11.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, when the florescence of male parent At more maternal slow 8~11 days, male parent can realize flower synchronization by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 18.5~19.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu, work as father During this 12~15 days more maternal morning of florescence, flower synchronization can be achieved by the Basic Seedling sowing of 8.5~9.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu in male parent, when When the florescence of male parent is slow 12~15 days more maternal, male parent can realize flower by the Basic Seedling thickness of sowing of 20.5~21.5 ten thousand seedlings/mu Phase meets；3) male parent and maternal application rate are determined according to male parent and maternal Basic Seedling thickness of sowingApplication rate calculation formula is：
- A kind of 2. hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The female parent florescence For maternal Post flowering 3~5 days.
- A kind of 3. hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flower synchronization There is more than 70% male parent to bloom with the same period in 3~5 days for maternal Post flowering.
- A kind of 4. hybrid wheat flowering regulation producing method for seed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Basic Seedling is After planting actual number of emerging per acre.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116616171A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-08-22 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for screening two-line hybrid wheat seed production parents with stable flowering period |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386147A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-15 | 漯河市农业科学院 | Method for improving parental hybridization flower synchronization of different varieties of wheat and application thereof |
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2017
- 2017-12-08 CN CN201711291140.9A patent/CN107980614B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386147A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-15 | 漯河市农业科学院 | Method for improving parental hybridization flower synchronization of different varieties of wheat and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张建平等: "不同播种密度对亚麻温敏雄性不育系生长和育性的影响", 《干旱地区农业研究》 * |
| 杨赞林等: "不同农业技术措施对调节小麦花期的效应", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116616171A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-08-22 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for screening two-line hybrid wheat seed production parents with stable flowering period |
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