CN107959381A - 包括用于通过空气进行内部冷却的系统的封闭式旋转电机 - Google Patents
包括用于通过空气进行内部冷却的系统的封闭式旋转电机 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107959381A CN107959381A CN201710335087.1A CN201710335087A CN107959381A CN 107959381 A CN107959381 A CN 107959381A CN 201710335087 A CN201710335087 A CN 201710335087A CN 107959381 A CN107959381 A CN 107959381A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- flange
- cooling
- fins
- electric machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/18—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with ribs or fins for improving heat transfer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
- H02K9/18—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle wherein the external part of the closed circuit comprises a heat exchanger structurally associated with the machine casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/15—Mounting arrangements for bearing-shields or end plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
- H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
- H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1659996 | 2016-10-14 | ||
FR1659996A FR3057719B1 (fr) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | Machine electrique tournante fermee comportant un systeme de refroidissement interne par air |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107959381A true CN107959381A (zh) | 2018-04-24 |
CN107959381B CN107959381B (zh) | 2022-07-12 |
Family
ID=58054217
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201720527343.2U Withdrawn - After Issue CN207098863U (zh) | 2016-10-14 | 2017-05-12 | 封闭式旋转电机以及同步磁阻电机 |
CN201710335087.1A Active CN107959381B (zh) | 2016-10-14 | 2017-05-12 | 包括用于通过空气进行内部冷却的系统的封闭式旋转电机 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201720527343.2U Withdrawn - After Issue CN207098863U (zh) | 2016-10-14 | 2017-05-12 | 封闭式旋转电机以及同步磁阻电机 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11005330B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3526887B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2019531044A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN207098863U (zh) |
FR (1) | FR3057719B1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2018069030A1 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110299788A (zh) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-01 | 宁波兴泰科技有限公司 | 一种具有散热功能的一体式驱动装置 |
CN111670097A (zh) * | 2017-11-23 | 2020-09-15 | 株式会社利知院 | 并联式集成驱动装置 |
CN115833481A (zh) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-03-21 | 深圳市鸿明机电有限公司 | 一种双冷却电机 |
TWI823138B (zh) * | 2020-10-05 | 2023-11-21 | 南韓商Lg電子股份有限公司 | 電動馬達 |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3057719B1 (fr) * | 2016-10-14 | 2022-12-16 | Ifp Energies Now | Machine electrique tournante fermee comportant un systeme de refroidissement interne par air |
WO2019234771A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-12 | Mavel S.R.L. | Rotor for an electrical machine comprising air cooling elements an electrical machine comprising said rotor |
FR3083035B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-21 | 2021-06-25 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Radiateur de refroidissement pour groupe motoventilateur |
FR3094154B1 (fr) | 2019-03-22 | 2021-08-06 | Ifp Energies Now | Rotor de machine électrique avec moyen de ventilation axialo-centrifuge |
US11581776B2 (en) * | 2020-02-09 | 2023-02-14 | Terry Wittmer | Environmentally protected sealed electric motor |
TWM595926U (zh) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-05-21 | 東元電機股份有限公司 | 散熱框架組件 |
FR3115946A1 (fr) | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-06 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Rotor de machine électrique avec masque d’obturation dans une barrière de flux |
FR3115949B1 (fr) | 2020-11-05 | 2025-06-20 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Rotor de machine électrique tournante |
CN112833027B (zh) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-12-06 | 宁波众杰来同科技有限公司 | 内支撑式磁悬浮泵 |
FR3122050B1 (fr) | 2021-04-15 | 2023-03-24 | Novares France | Moteur électrique agencé pour permettre une meilleure évacuation de la chaleur générée lors de son fonctionnement |
FR3125368A1 (fr) | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-20 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Machine électrique avec refroidissement des têtes de bobines |
WO2023000265A1 (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-01-26 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Electric machine assembly |
EP4417519A4 (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2025-01-15 | Denso Corp | DRIVE DEVICE AND DRIVE DEVICE UNIT |
FR3132992A1 (fr) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-08-25 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Machine électrique tournante munie d'un flasque intégrant des élements saillants de dissipation thermique |
CN115833478B (zh) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-07-11 | 安徽理工大学环境友好材料与职业健康研究院(芜湖) | 一种带有冷却组件的电动汽车电机用电机壳 |
CN115833453B (zh) * | 2023-02-02 | 2023-04-11 | 福建巨洲电机有限公司 | 一种散热式发电机装置 |
CN119010460B (zh) * | 2024-10-21 | 2025-01-28 | 常州三协电机股份有限公司 | 一种槽肩与齿轭分离的永磁同步电机 |
CN119362776B (zh) * | 2024-12-23 | 2025-03-14 | 东莞市兴亚机电设备有限公司 | 一种带法兰盘的散热型电机 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3610975A (en) * | 1969-07-30 | 1971-10-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Dynamoelectric machine with improved cooling means |
JPH01110035A (ja) * | 1987-10-22 | 1989-04-26 | Shicoh Eng Co Ltd | フィンを備えた冷却効果に優れ且つコギングトルクの小さい径方向空隙型のブラシレスモータ |
JP2001119896A (ja) * | 1999-10-18 | 2001-04-27 | Toshiba Corp | 全閉形アウターロータ回転電機 |
CN204089366U (zh) * | 2014-05-29 | 2015-01-07 | 江阴市曾氏动力机械科技有限公司 | 一种内外双风冷发电机 |
CN204517552U (zh) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-07-29 | 天津市大港汽车零件组装厂 | 一种电机冷却外壳 |
CN106014617A (zh) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-10-12 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | 发动机驱动式发电机 |
CN207098863U (zh) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-03-13 | Ifp新能源公司 | 封闭式旋转电机以及同步磁阻电机 |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2185740A (en) * | 1937-11-01 | 1940-01-02 | Allis Louis Co | Dynamo-electric machine |
US2571872A (en) * | 1949-11-09 | 1951-10-16 | Reliance Electric & Eng Co | Electric motor frame having coolant system incorporated therein |
CH545552A (zh) * | 1973-03-09 | 1974-01-31 | ||
JPS56129159U (zh) * | 1980-02-29 | 1981-10-01 | ||
JPS62104552U (zh) * | 1985-12-19 | 1987-07-03 | ||
JPH09205758A (ja) * | 1995-11-24 | 1997-08-05 | Toshiba Corp | 車両用全閉形主電動機 |
JPH09154254A (ja) * | 1995-11-28 | 1997-06-10 | Toshiba Corp | 車両用全閉形主電動機 |
JPH09285072A (ja) * | 1996-04-11 | 1997-10-31 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | 高速電動機 |
JPH10285875A (ja) * | 1997-04-03 | 1998-10-23 | Shinano Denki Kk | サーボモータ |
US5939808A (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 1999-08-17 | Adames; Fermin | Electric motor housing with integrated heat removal facilities |
JP2000236648A (ja) * | 1999-02-17 | 2000-08-29 | Toshiba Corp | 回転電機 |
JP2000270518A (ja) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-09-29 | Hitachi Ltd | 車両用交流発電機 |
GB2369935B (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2005-07-20 | Richard Julius Gozdawa | Gas turbomachinery generator |
JP2006149042A (ja) * | 2004-11-18 | 2006-06-08 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | 回転電機の冷却装置 |
JP2008259376A (ja) * | 2007-04-09 | 2008-10-23 | Mitsuba Corp | モータ装置 |
FR2934432B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-23 | 2010-09-17 | Converteam Motors Sa | Systeme de ventilation de moteur electrique. |
US8614538B2 (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2013-12-24 | Remy Technologies, Llc | Electric machine cooling system and method |
EP2589132B1 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2014-01-15 | ABB Research Ltd. | Synchronous reluctance machine using rotor flux barriers as cooling channels |
DE102011053611A1 (de) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-14 | Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rotierende elektrische Maschine |
FR2987518B1 (fr) * | 2012-02-29 | 2014-03-28 | Alstom Transport Sa | Moteur electrique ferme comprenant un echangeur thermique. |
CN103746485B (zh) * | 2013-12-24 | 2016-08-31 | 上海电机系统节能工程技术研究中心有限公司 | 一种永磁同步电机的冷却结构 |
US10177630B2 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2019-01-08 | Nidec Asi S.P.A. | Induction motors |
DE102015221130A1 (de) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-05-04 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Elektrische Maschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
-
2016
- 2016-10-14 FR FR1659996A patent/FR3057719B1/fr active Active
-
2017
- 2017-05-12 CN CN201720527343.2U patent/CN207098863U/zh not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 2017-05-12 CN CN201710335087.1A patent/CN107959381B/zh active Active
- 2017-09-25 EP EP17771469.8A patent/EP3526887B1/fr active Active
- 2017-09-25 JP JP2019520375A patent/JP2019531044A/ja active Pending
- 2017-09-25 US US16/341,663 patent/US11005330B2/en active Active
- 2017-09-25 WO PCT/EP2017/074237 patent/WO2018069030A1/fr unknown
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3610975A (en) * | 1969-07-30 | 1971-10-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Dynamoelectric machine with improved cooling means |
JPH01110035A (ja) * | 1987-10-22 | 1989-04-26 | Shicoh Eng Co Ltd | フィンを備えた冷却効果に優れ且つコギングトルクの小さい径方向空隙型のブラシレスモータ |
JP2001119896A (ja) * | 1999-10-18 | 2001-04-27 | Toshiba Corp | 全閉形アウターロータ回転電機 |
CN204089366U (zh) * | 2014-05-29 | 2015-01-07 | 江阴市曾氏动力机械科技有限公司 | 一种内外双风冷发电机 |
CN204517552U (zh) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-07-29 | 天津市大港汽车零件组装厂 | 一种电机冷却外壳 |
CN106014617A (zh) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-10-12 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | 发动机驱动式发电机 |
CN207098863U (zh) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-03-13 | Ifp新能源公司 | 封闭式旋转电机以及同步磁阻电机 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111670097A (zh) * | 2017-11-23 | 2020-09-15 | 株式会社利知院 | 并联式集成驱动装置 |
CN111670097B (zh) * | 2017-11-23 | 2023-01-13 | 株式会社利知院 | 并联式集成驱动装置 |
CN110299788A (zh) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-01 | 宁波兴泰科技有限公司 | 一种具有散热功能的一体式驱动装置 |
TWI823138B (zh) * | 2020-10-05 | 2023-11-21 | 南韓商Lg電子股份有限公司 | 電動馬達 |
US11923753B2 (en) | 2020-10-05 | 2024-03-05 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Electric motor |
CN115833481A (zh) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-03-21 | 深圳市鸿明机电有限公司 | 一种双冷却电机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20190386537A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 |
EP3526887A1 (fr) | 2019-08-21 |
CN207098863U (zh) | 2018-03-13 |
EP3526887B1 (fr) | 2021-07-28 |
JP2019531044A (ja) | 2019-10-24 |
US11005330B2 (en) | 2021-05-11 |
WO2018069030A1 (fr) | 2018-04-19 |
FR3057719A1 (fr) | 2018-04-20 |
FR3057719B1 (fr) | 2022-12-16 |
CN107959381B (zh) | 2022-07-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN207098863U (zh) | 封闭式旋转电机以及同步磁阻电机 | |
JP7201601B2 (ja) | 回転子内の磁石の内部空冷システムを有する密閉型回転電気機械 | |
US12166384B2 (en) | High performance electromagnetic machine and cooling system | |
US10566876B2 (en) | Axial gap rotary electric machine | |
KR100870738B1 (ko) | 에이에프피엠 코어리스형 멀티 발전기 및 모터 | |
CN108880104B (zh) | 轨道车辆用永磁电机冷却系统 | |
US20140346778A1 (en) | Rotary electric generator stator, rotary electric generator comprising said stator and wind turbine incorporating said rotary electric generator | |
JP2008017656A (ja) | 囲む式空気室及び半径方向の通気孔を持つクローズタイプの電機 | |
JP2010110201A (ja) | 電気機械を冷却するための装置 | |
KR101176952B1 (ko) | 전동기 및 이를 구비한 전기 차량 | |
JP2015192474A (ja) | 回転電機装置 | |
JP2015177723A (ja) | 回転電機 | |
KR101098841B1 (ko) | 복합 냉각 케이싱이 구비된 전동기 | |
JP5787226B2 (ja) | 車両用回転電機 | |
US20250158488A1 (en) | Enhanced convective rotor cooling | |
CN105284032B (zh) | 电动机 | |
CN111247724A (zh) | 具有包括部分细分通道的冷却装置的电机 | |
US20180309332A1 (en) | Electrical Machine Apparatus | |
KR20150068224A (ko) | 구동모터의 냉각유닛 | |
CN117501598A (zh) | 马达、送风装置、及冷冻装置 | |
JP2019054632A (ja) | 回転電機 | |
CN217282579U (zh) | 马达、马达单元及电子设备 | |
JP2013158161A (ja) | 回転電機 | |
McElhinney et al. | Opportunities for Improved Cooling of AC Machine Rotors using Centrifugal Heat Pipes | |
KR20220118084A (ko) | 베어링 냉각구조를 구비한 모터 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20200904 Address after: OSTA, Italy Applicant after: MAVEL S.R.L. Address before: The French Maison emaer Applicant before: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES Applicant before: MAVEL S.R.L. |
|
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20210310 Address after: 208, building a, 2337 Gudai Road, Minhang District, Shanghai Applicant after: Marvel power control technology (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd. Address before: OSTA, Italy Applicant before: MAVEL S.R.L. |
|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |