CN107899062A - 一种医用抗菌纱布 - Google Patents

一种医用抗菌纱布 Download PDF

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CN107899062A
CN107899062A CN201711135171.5A CN201711135171A CN107899062A CN 107899062 A CN107899062 A CN 107899062A CN 201711135171 A CN201711135171 A CN 201711135171A CN 107899062 A CN107899062 A CN 107899062A
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fibre
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张明
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Anhui Smart Medical Technology Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明主要涉及医疗产品技术领域，公开了一种医用抗菌纱布，由以下原料制成：棉纤维、壳聚糖纤维、竹纤维、海藻纤维、聚乳酸纤维、陶瓷纤维、抗菌剂；由多种纤维混纺制成，具有较强的吸水性、透气性和抗菌性，抗菌率达到94.2%，能够抑制在包扎过程中纱布与伤口的黏连，使伤口保持干爽，抑制病菌感染，加快伤口愈合；先将陶瓷纤维充分吸收抗菌液，抗菌液由多种中药提取后得到，安全无毒，抑制病菌滋生，加快伤口愈合，陶瓷纤维充分吸收抗菌液后进行冷冻干燥，增加陶瓷纤维的多孔性，使纱布的吸水性和透气性明显增强；将棉纤维、竹纤维和抗菌陶瓷纤维进行混纺作为中心纤维，增强中心纤维的抗菌性、透气性和吸水性。

Description

一种医用抗菌纱布
技术领域
本发明主要涉及医疗产品技术领域，尤其涉及一种医用抗菌纱布。
背景技术
纱布是医院的常用材料之一，现在医院一般使用的都是普通的纱布，通常是由棉纤维制作而成，抗菌性能较差，如果长时间不更换，容易滋生细菌，造成伤口再次感染，减缓了伤口的愈合速度；同时伤口的分泌物与纱布黏连在一起，不易将纱布从伤口处揭除，在揭除纱布时给患者造成很大的痛苦，而且不易透风，在高温潮湿的环境中极易滋生病菌，造成伤口再次感染，给患者造成很大的伤害。
发明内容
为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种医用抗菌纱布。
一种医用抗菌纱布，由以下重量份的原料制成：棉纤维62~64、壳聚糖纤维46~48、竹纤维37~39、海藻纤维18~20、聚乳酸纤维15~17、陶瓷纤维8~10、抗菌剂1.2~1.4。
所述的抗菌剂，由以下重量份的原料组成：大叶桉叶36~38、苦楝皮24~26、木槿花17~19、黄栌叶10~12，将所有原料粉碎，加入所有原料重量70~80倍量的水，煎煮至体积为原来的1/20，过滤，向滤渣中加入滤渣重量50~60倍量的体积分数为72~74%的酒精溶液，于43~45℃、31~33kHz超声提取30~40分钟，过滤，合并所有滤液，旋转蒸发至无酒精，过AB-8大孔树脂进行纯化，收集纯化液，冷冻干燥至无水分，安全无毒，得抗菌剂。
所述的陶瓷纤维，长度为32~34mm。
一种医用抗菌纱布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）向抗菌剂中加水，搅拌均匀，使抗菌剂的质量浓度为0.2~0.3%，得抗菌液；
（2）将陶瓷纤维浸于抗菌液中，完全吸收后，抑制病菌滋生，加快伤口愈合，将陶瓷纤维冷冻干燥至含水量为0~3%，增加陶瓷纤维的多孔性，使纱布的吸水性和透气性明显增强，得抗菌陶瓷纤维；
（3）将棉纤维、竹纤维和抗菌陶瓷纤维进行混纺，增强中心纤维的抗菌性、透气性和吸水性，得中心纤维；
（4）将海藻纤维与1/2的中心纤维进行混纺，使海藻纤维包裹中心纤维，号数为12~14tex，利于提高伤口微循环，促进新陈代谢，加快伤口愈合，得粗中层纤维；
（5）将壳聚糖纤维与粗中层纤维进行混纺，使壳聚糖纤维包裹粗中层纤维，提高纱布的顺滑性，避免纱布与伤口的分泌物产生黏连，减轻患者痛苦，得纬纱；
（6）将聚乳酸纤维与剩下1/2的中心纤维进行混纺，使聚乳酸纤维包裹中心纤维，号数为6~8tex，安全无毒，增加经纱的抗菌性和生物性，促进伤口愈合，得经纱；
（7）将经纱和纬纱进行纺织，使纱布的表面形成不平整的网格状，提高纱布的透气性，避免纱布黏连伤口，促进伤口愈合，减轻患者痛苦，得医用抗菌纱布。
所述步骤（2）的冷冻干燥，温度为-36~-34℃。
本发明的优点是：本发明提供的医用抗菌纱布，由多种纤维混纺制成，具有较强的吸水性、透气性和抗菌性，抗菌率达到94.2%，能够抑制在包扎过程中纱布与伤口的黏连，使伤口保持干爽，抑制病菌感染，加快伤口愈合；先将陶瓷纤维充分吸收抗菌液，抗菌液由多种中药提取后得到，安全无毒，抑制病菌滋生，加快伤口愈合，陶瓷纤维充分吸收抗菌液后进行冷冻干燥，增加陶瓷纤维的多孔性，使纱布的吸水性和透气性明显增强；将棉纤维、竹纤维和抗菌陶瓷纤维进行混纺作为中心纤维，增强中心纤维的抗菌性、透气性和吸水性；海藻纤维与1/2的中心纤维混纺成粗纤维，使海藻纤维包裹中心纤维，利于提高伤口微循环，促进新陈代谢，加快伤口愈合；再将壳聚糖纤维与粗中层纤维混纺成纬纱，使壳聚糖纤维包裹在最外层，提高纱布的顺滑性，避免纱布与伤口的分泌物产生黏连，减轻患者痛苦；将聚乳酸纤维与剩下的中心纤维混纺成细经纱，安全无毒，增加经纱的抗菌性和生物性，促进伤口愈合；最后将粗纬纱和细经纱纺织成纱布，使纱布的表面形成不平整的网格状，提高纱布的透气性，避免纱布黏连伤口，促进伤口愈合，减轻患者痛苦。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明。
实施例1
一种医用抗菌纱布，由以下重量份的原料制成：棉纤维62、壳聚糖纤维46、竹纤维37、海藻纤维18、聚乳酸纤维15、陶瓷纤维8、抗菌剂1.2。
所述的抗菌剂，由以下重量份的原料组成：大叶桉叶36、苦楝皮24、木槿花17、黄栌叶10，将所有原料粉碎，加入所有原料重量70倍量的水，煎煮至体积为原来的1/20，过滤，向滤渣中加入滤渣重量50倍量的体积分数为72%的酒精溶液，于43℃、31kHz超声提取30分钟，过滤，合并所有滤液，旋转蒸发至无酒精，过AB-8大孔树脂进行纯化，收集纯化液，冷冻干燥至无水分，安全无毒，得抗菌剂。
所述的陶瓷纤维，长度为32~34mm。
一种医用抗菌纱布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）向抗菌剂中加水，搅拌均匀，使抗菌剂的质量浓度为0.25%，得抗菌液；
（2）将陶瓷纤维浸于抗菌液中，完全吸收后，抑制病菌滋生，加快伤口愈合，将陶瓷纤维冷冻干燥至含水量为0~3%，温度为-35℃，增加陶瓷纤维的多孔性，使纱布的吸水性和透气性明显增强，得抗菌陶瓷纤维；
（3）将棉纤维、竹纤维和抗菌陶瓷纤维进行混纺，增强中心纤维的抗菌性、透气性和吸水性，得中心纤维；
（4）将海藻纤维与1/2的中心纤维进行混纺，使海藻纤维包裹中心纤维，号数为12tex，利于提高伤口微循环，促进新陈代谢，加快伤口愈合，得粗中层纤维；
（5）将壳聚糖纤维与粗中层纤维进行混纺，使壳聚糖纤维包裹粗中层纤维，提高纱布的顺滑性，避免纱布与伤口的分泌物产生黏连，减轻患者痛苦，得纬纱；
（6）将聚乳酸纤维与剩下1/2的中心纤维进行混纺，使聚乳酸纤维包裹中心纤维，号数为8tex，安全无毒，增加经纱的抗菌性和生物性，促进伤口愈合，得经纱；
（7）将经纱和纬纱进行纺织，使纱布的表面形成不平整的网格状，提高纱布的透气性，避免纱布黏连伤口，促进伤口愈合，减轻患者痛苦，得医用抗菌纱布。
实施例2
一种医用抗菌纱布，由以下重量份的原料制成：棉纤维63、壳聚糖纤维47、竹纤维38、海藻纤维19、聚乳酸纤维16、陶瓷纤维9、抗菌剂1.3。
所述的抗菌剂，由以下重量份的原料组成：大叶桉叶37、苦楝皮25、木槿花18、黄栌叶11，将所有原料粉碎，加入所有原料重量75倍量的水，煎煮至体积为原来的1/20，过滤，向滤渣中加入滤渣重量55倍量的体积分数为73%的酒精溶液，于44℃、32kHz超声提取35分钟，过滤，合并所有滤液，旋转蒸发至无酒精，过AB-8大孔树脂进行纯化，收集纯化液，冷冻干燥至无水分，安全无毒，得抗菌剂。
所述的陶瓷纤维，长度为32~34mm。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种医用抗菌纱布，由以下重量份的原料制成：棉纤维64、壳聚糖纤维48、竹纤维39、海藻纤维20、聚乳酸纤维17、陶瓷纤维10、抗菌剂1.4。
所述的抗菌剂，由以下重量份的原料组成：大叶桉叶38、苦楝皮26、木槿花19、黄栌叶12，将所有原料粉碎，加入所有原料重量80倍量的水，煎煮至体积为原来的1/20，过滤，向滤渣中加入滤渣重量60倍量的体积分数为74%的酒精溶液，于45℃、33kHz超声提取40分钟，过滤，合并所有滤液，旋转蒸发至无酒精，过AB-8大孔树脂进行纯化，收集纯化液，冷冻干燥至无水分，安全无毒，得抗菌剂。
所述的陶瓷纤维，长度为32~34mm。
制备方法同实施例1。
对比例1
去除壳聚糖纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例2
去除竹纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例3
去除海藻纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例4
去除聚乳酸纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例5
去除陶瓷纤维，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例6
去除抗菌剂，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例7
去除步骤（2）中的冷冻干燥，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例8
去除步骤（3），所有原料直接混纺，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例9
去除步骤（4），海藻纤维在步骤（3）中加入，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例10
去除步骤（5），壳聚糖纤维在步骤（3）中加入，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例11
去除步骤（6），聚乳酸纤维在步骤（3）中加入，经纱和纬纱号数相同，其余制备方法，同实施例1。
对比例12
现有传统普通医用脱脂纱布。
实施例和对比例纱布的愈伤效果：
随机选择150只清洁级昆明大鼠，随机分为15组，每组10只，雌雄各半，分别在大鼠的腹部切长度为2cm、深度为0.5cm的伤口，常规处理后立即用该组的纱布进行包扎，3天后进行第一次更换纱布，以后5天更换一次纱布至伤口愈合，统计纱布与伤口的黏连程度、大鼠的伤口愈合率及愈合时间，并向各组的纱布接种金黄色葡萄球菌，计算纱布的抑菌率，实施例和对比例纱布的愈伤效果见表1。
表1：实施例和对比例纱布的愈伤效果
项目 黏连程度 愈合率/(%) 愈合时间/(d) 抑菌率/(%)
实施例1 - 90 15 93.6
实施例2 - 100 12 94.2
实施例3 - 90 14 93.8
对比例1 ++ 80 21 84.4
对比例2 - 80 19 85.7
对比例3 + 70 20 87.3
对比例4 ++ 80 18 84.6
对比例5 - 70 19 88.2
对比例6 - 60 24 62.3
对比例7 - 80 19 90.1
对比例8 + 80 21 91.9
对比例9 + 90 18 91.3
对比例10 + 80 19 88.1
对比例11 + 80 21 88.5
对比例12 +++ 40 27 26.7
注：“-”表示不黏连，“+”表示黏连，数量愈多，黏连程度愈严重。
从表1的结果表明，实施例的医用抗菌纱布，黏连程度明显较对比例小，伤口愈合率和抑菌率明显较对比例高，愈合时间明显较对比例短，说明本发明提供的医用抗菌纱布具有很好的愈伤效果。

Claims (4)

1.一种医用抗菌纱布，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：棉纤维62~64、壳聚糖纤维46~48、竹纤维37~39、海藻纤维18~20、聚乳酸纤维15~17、陶瓷纤维8~10、抗菌剂1.2~1.4。
2.根据权利要求1所述医用抗菌纱布，其特征在于，所述的抗菌剂，由以下重量份的原料组成：大叶桉叶36~38、苦楝皮24~26、木槿花17~19、黄栌叶10~12，将所有原料粉碎，加入所有原料重量70~80倍量的水，煎煮至体积为原来的1/20，过滤，向滤渣中加入滤渣重量50~60倍量的体积分数为72~74%的酒精溶液，于43~45℃、31~33kHz超声提取30~40分钟，过滤，合并所有滤液，旋转蒸发至无酒精，过AB-8大孔树脂进行纯化，收集纯化液，冷冻干燥至无水分，得抗菌剂。
3.一种根据权利要求1所述医用抗菌纱布的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）向抗菌剂中加水，搅拌均匀，使抗菌剂的质量浓度为0.2~0.3%，得抗菌液；
（2）将陶瓷纤维浸于抗菌液中，完全吸收后，将陶瓷纤维冷冻干燥至含水量为0~3%，得抗菌陶瓷纤维；
（3）将棉纤维、竹纤维和抗菌陶瓷纤维进行混纺，得中心纤维；
（4）将海藻纤维与1/2的中心纤维进行混纺，使海藻纤维包裹中心纤维，号数为12~14tex，得粗中层纤维；
（5）将壳聚糖纤维与粗中层纤维进行混纺，使壳聚糖纤维包裹粗中层纤维，得纬纱；
（6）将聚乳酸纤维与剩下1/2的中心纤维进行混纺，使聚乳酸纤维包裹中心纤维，号数为6~8tex，得经纱；
（7）将经纱和纬纱进行纺织，得医用抗菌纱布。
4.根据权利要求3所述医用抗菌纱布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）的冷冻干燥，温度为-36~-34℃。
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