CN107896925A - A kind of lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107896925A CN107896925A CN201711268082.8A CN201711268082A CN107896925A CN 107896925 A CN107896925 A CN 107896925A CN 201711268082 A CN201711268082 A CN 201711268082A CN 107896925 A CN107896925 A CN 107896925A
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- roof greening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening and preparation method thereof, include the component of following mass fraction：Charcoal particle is 1 5%, rural area soil is 0 50%, surplus is biological sludge.The lightweight cultivation matrix of the present invention contains the nutriment such as abundant organic matter and nitrogen phosphorus and trace element and abundant moisture, also there is good water conservation and fertilizer conservation performance, it can meet the nutritional need and water demand of greening roof plant for a long time, nourishment and irrigation water can be reduced, reduces greening cost and maintenance cost.The matrix light weight, can significantly mitigate roof load, not interfere with building structure.Component is simple, and raw material is easy to get, of low cost, has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building energy conservation and environmental protection crossing domain, and in particular to a kind of lightweight for roof greening is planted
Train matrix and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Roof greening can reduce building energy consumption, reduce interior surface of roof temperature, be effectively improved urban environment, raw as one kind
The energy saving facility of state is accepted extensively.But since the roof greening soil weight is higher, thickness is usually more than 15cm, causes to build
Load increase is built, influences building structure, roof greening is to the high irrigation maintenance cost of the green plant of roofing, wherein greening roof in addition
Cultivation matrix account for 20% of totle drilling cost or so, therefore, greatly limit the popularization of roof greening.
As municipal sewage treatment amount in China's constantly increases, the sludge quantity produced in processing procedure is also significantly increased.China
There is the phenomenon of " the light mud of heavy water " during construction of wastewater treatment plant mostly, some areas sludge is based on directly filling, thus
Caused secondary pollution problem can not be ignored.In addition, China produces a large amount of agriculture and forestry organic waste material branches, stalk etc. every year, they are more
It is incinerated, causes air pollution.How municipal sludge and a large amount of agriculture and forestry organic waste material branch, stalk etc. are effectively and reasonably disposed
As a urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
For deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of lightweight for roof greening
Cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof, the soil weight for solving existing roof greening are higher higher with greening cost, maintenance cost
Problem；Also solve the recycling problem such as municipal solid wastes sludge and agricultural wastes branch, stalk at the same time.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening,
Include the component of following mass fraction：Charcoal particle is 1-5%, rural area soil 0-50%, surplus are biological sludge.
Further, the biological sludge be urban sewage treatment system in the sludge through dehydration, moisture content 70-
80%。
Further, for the rural area soil to remove the purple soil of humus layer, particle diameter is less than 5mm.
Further, the charcoal particle is made by branch or stalk, and particle diameter is less than 5mm.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening, comprises the following steps：
1）Air-dried branch or stalk are trimmed to 20 ~ 30cm, and are put into biological retort, is pyrolyzed 1 ~ 12h under anoxic conditions,
The selection of specific time, determines according to the amount of branch and stalk.Temperature is 300 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, then is crushed, mistake
Sieve, makes particle diameter be less than 5mm, that is, obtains charcoal particle；
2）Take the biological sludge after dehydration, under daylight sufficiency turning be exposed to the sun 4h, utilize the purple that the noon sun is strong
Outside line, kills germ on the basis of carbon source in not losing sludge, and further reduces the moisture content of biological sludge, then carries out
During High-Temperature Composting is decomposed, to obtain the final product to the biological sludge handled well；
3）The purple soil for taking depth to be 50 ~ 100cm, removes its humus layer, then dries soil, crushes, sieves, make particle diameter
In below 5mm, up to the rural area soil handled well；
4）The charcoal particle of above-mentioned preparation and the biological sludge handled well and rural area soil are sufficiently mixed in proportion, that is, is made and uses
In the lightweight cultivation matrix of roof greening.
Further, the biological retort is made of furnace body, chimney and sealed pyrolysis room；The furnace body is tied to be double-deck
There is lid at structure, furnace body top, the chimney is equipped with the lid of furnace body, to exclude the gas produced after fuel combustion, in furnace body
Top and bottom are respectively equipped with some ventilation mouths, furnace interior is connected with the external world；The sealed pyrolysis room is arranged in furnace body
Lid is arranged at portion, top, and bottom is equipped with some stomatas, and sets multiple downward support feets in the edge of bottom, makes sealed pyrolysis
There are gap and stomata cannot be blocked between the bottom of room and furnace body；Cavity between furnace body and sealed pyrolysis room constitutes fuel
Combustion chamber.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1st, Green Roof cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention, contains the nutriment such as abundant organic matter and nitrogen phosphorus and trace element
With abundant moisture, also with good water conservation and fertilizer conservation performance, it can meet the nutritional need of greening roof plant for a long time
And water demand, nourishment and irrigation water can be reduced, the extensive management on light greening roof can be realized, greatly drop
Low greening cost and maintenance cost.Green Roof cultivation matrix proposed by the present invention, light weight, density only have 1.20-
1.58kg/m3, cultivation thickness 6cm can be met the requirements, and every square metre of weight is only 0.072-0.094kg, therefore, can be notable
Mitigate roof load, do not interfere with building structure.Easy to promote and apply on a large scale.
2nd, in Green Roof cultivation matrix preparation process of the invention, with biological sludge and agriculture and forestry organic waste material branch, stalk
For primary raw material, the nutriment such as organic matter and nitrogen phosphorus is rich in biological sludge, can not only as roof greening matrix
Increase phytomass, also help the recycling of discarded object；Agriculture and forestry organic waste material branch or stalk are processed into charcoal particle,
After being mixed with biological sludge, rural area soil, impose on three in greening roof matrix and cooperate with compatibility.Wherein charcoal has good suction
Attached property, can adsorb the heavy metal in biological sludge, heavy metal is fixed in charcoal, reduce the toxic action to plant；
In biological sludge nutriment can be provided containing elements such as abundant N P and Ks for plant；Rural area soil fertility is higher, crumb structure
It is good, but shortcoming is that top layer is easily hardened when doing, and ventilating permeable is poor when wet, and charcoal is the slow-released carrier of fertilizer in itself, has
Good retain water and nutrients effect.Therefore charcoal, biological sludge and rural area soil are used cooperatively, and can be saved dose, can also be saved
The about dosage of water, it also avoid the shortcomings that matrix is hardened, easy to the extensive management of greening roof, reduce cost.Therefore, this hair
While the bright stacking for reducing sludge and agriculture and forestry organic waste material, processing cost and environmental pollution, the recycling of discarded object is realized
Utilize.The present invention is widely used, is applicable not only to newly-built roof, is also applied for the less old-fashioned roof of weight bearing power, meets each
Kind roof greening purposes.Also there is the advantages that component is simple, and raw material is easy to get, easy to operate, of low cost.
3rd, the invention also discloses self-control biology charing furnace apparatus, equipment is simple, and cost is low, and peasant household can voluntarily manufacture；If
Standby workable, operable consummation in a short time.The branch in heating sealed pyrolysis room can be removed with the heat that combustion of wood produces
Or stalk, gather materials on the spot, be not required to introduce other fuel, be conveniently easy to get.The device due to above there is chimney, under have ventilation mouth, adding
In thermal process, hot-air moves upwards, and cold air is just come in from ventilation mouth naturally, has ensured that fuel fires under sufficient oxygen
Burn, and chimney is higher, and effect is better.In addition, when branch or stalk are pyrolyzed in sealed pyrolysis room, have combustible gas and can fuel oil from
Aperture below sealed pyrolysis room comes out, and is contacted with the branch or stalk being burning in fuel combustion chamber, it is easy to burn, not only
The heat of fuel combustion chamber is added, accelerates the burning of fuel combustion chamber, but also greatly reducing carbon monoxide and powder
Dirt is discharged, and will not cause air pollution.Plant cultivation media or other agricultural is prepared using device self-control charcoal, not only
Atmosphere pollution caused by branch burns is reduced, while also improves the utility value of the agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as branch.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is biological retort front view；
Fig. 2 is biological retort profile.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and the drawings.
Biological retort includes furnace body 1, arranged on the sealed pyrolysis room 2 of furnace interior and chimney 3, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
In order to keep the temperature, biological carbonization furnace body can be 5mm thickness double-layer plates, do moderate soak interlayer with asbestos yarn, make sealed pyrolysis
Room can also keep the condition of high temperature for a long time in the case of all burnt, and furnace body is cylindric.Furnace body is in semi-enclosed, top
There is lid in portion, chimney 3 is equipped with the lid of furnace body, chimney is cylinder, to exclude the gas produced after fuel combustion.On furnace body
End and lower end are respectively equipped with some ventilation mouths 5, furnace interior is connected with the external world, to ensure that fuel fires under sufficient oxygen
Burn；The sealed pyrolysis room 2 is cylinder, and lid is arranged at top, is added by the lid for opening the top into sealed pyrolysis room
Branch or stalk, then close the lid and form a confined space, and the edge setting of the bottom of sealed pyrolysis room is multiple downwards
Support feet, make there are gap, and in the bottom of sealed pyrolysis room have some stomatas between the bottom in closed solution hot cell and furnace body,
It is put into when by branch or stalk in sealed pyrolysis room, branch or stalk is pyrolyzed under oxygen-free environment, be pyrolyzed generation can fuel oil
It can be escaped with combustible gas at the stomata；Cavity between furnace body 1 and sealed pyrolysis room 2 constitutes fuel combustion chamber 4,
Timber is even added in fuel combustion chamber 4 in use, opening furnace body lid, so that it is equal to be heated in whole sealed pyrolysis room 2
It is even.The monitoring of temperature is monitored using digital temperature controller in biological carbonization furnace body.Temperature controller is installed on furnace body inside.
Embodiment 1
1）5 kilograms of air-dried branches or stalk are trimmed to 20 ~ 30cm, and are put into homemade biological retort as shown in Figure 1,
It is set to be pyrolyzed 1h in sealed pyrolysis room under anoxic conditions, temperature is 600 DEG C, obtains charcoal, then charcoal is cooled down, powder
Broken, sieving, makes particle diameter in below 5mm, i.e. acquisition charcoal particle；
2）The biological sludge of oxidation ditch process is taken, above-mentioned biological sludge is dehydrated using belt plate compression, makes biological dirt
The moisture content of mud is 80%, and then turning is exposed to the sun 4h under daylight sufficiency, using the ultraviolet that the noon sun is strong, not
Germ is killed on the basis of carbon source in loss sludge, reduces the moisture content of biological sludge, then progress During High-Temperature Composting is decomposed, sludge
In Escherichia coli by 2.7 × 105A/g is decreased below 40/g, dead less than the content in normal rural area soil, roundworm egg
Rate is more than 98%, not do harm to huamn body.Biological sludge through be exposed to the sun with after high temperature compost up to the biological sludge handled well；
3）The purple soil for taking depth to be 50 ~ 100cm, removes its humus layer, then dries remaining soil, crushes, sieves,
Make particle diameter in below 5mm, up to the rural area soil handled well；
4）By the charcoal of the charcoal particle of above-mentioned preparation and processed biological sludge and rural area soil by 5%, 50% biology
Sludge and 45% rural area soil are sufficiently mixed, that is, the lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening is made.
The physicochemical property of greening roof cultivation matrix manufactured in the present embodiment is：Density is 1.20kg/m3, the content of organic matter
For 2.13 × 105mg/kg。
By the uniform spreading of greening roof cultivation matrix manufactured in the present embodiment in roof greening planting area, bedding thickness is
6cm, plants sedum lineare, sedum lineare growth is vigorous, and after one month, sedum lineare biological accumulation amount reaches 0.95g/cm2.Period does not have to
Watering（Except needing to pour a small amount of water such as July and August when summer roof temperature is higher）.
Embodiment 2
1）30 kilograms of air-dried branches or stalk are trimmed to 20 ~ 30cm, and are put into homemade biological retort as shown in Figure 1
In, it is pyrolyzed 6h in sealed pyrolysis room under anoxic conditions, temperature is 500 DEG C, obtains charcoal, then charcoal is cold
But, crush, sieve, make particle diameter in below 5mm, i.e. acquisition charcoal particle；
2）The biological sludge of oxidation ditch process is taken, above-mentioned biological sludge is dehydrated using belt plate compression, makes biological dirt
The moisture content of mud is 70%, and then turning is exposed to the sun 4h under daylight sufficiency, using the ultraviolet that the noon sun is strong, not
Germ is killed on the basis of carbon source in loss sludge, reduces the moisture content of biological sludge, then progress During High-Temperature Composting is decomposed, sludge
In Escherichia coli by 2.7 × 105A/g is decreased below 40/g, dead less than the content in normal rural area soil, roundworm egg
Rate is more than 98%, not do harm to huamn body.Biological sludge through be exposed to the sun with after high temperature compost up to the biological sludge handled well；
3）The charcoal particle of above-mentioned preparation and processed biological sludge are pressed to 5% charcoal particle and 95% biological sludge
It is sufficiently mixed, that is, the lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening is made.
The physicochemical property of greening roof cultivation matrix manufactured in the present embodiment is：Density is 1.58kg/m3, the content of organic matter
For 2.85 × 105mg/kg。
By the uniform spreading of greening roof cultivation matrix manufactured in the present embodiment in roof greening planting area, bedding thickness is
6cm, plants sedum lineare, sedum lineare growth is vigorous, and after one month, sedum lineare biological accumulation amount reaches 0.83g/cm2.Period does not have to
Watering（Except needing to pour a small amount of water such as July and August when summer roof temperature is higher）.
Embodiment 3
1）60 kilograms of air-dried branches or stalk are trimmed to 20 ~ 30cm, and are put into homemade biological retort as shown in Figure 1
In, it is pyrolyzed 12h in sealed pyrolysis room under anoxic conditions, temperature is 400 DEG C, obtains charcoal, then charcoal is cold
But, crush, sieve, make particle diameter in below 5mm, i.e. acquisition charcoal particle；
2）Take urban sewage treatment system secondary settling tank discharge biological sludge, using belt plate compression to above-mentioned biological sludge into
Row dehydration, the moisture content for making biological sludge are 75%, and then turning is exposed to the sun 4h under daylight sufficiency, strong using the noon sun
Strong ultraviolet, germ is killed on the basis of carbon source in not losing sludge, reduces the moisture content of biological sludge, is then carried out high
Warm compost maturity, the Escherichia coli in sludge are by 2.7 × 105A/g is decreased below 40/g, less than in normal rural area soil
Content, induced worm egg death rate are more than 98%, not do harm to huamn body.Biological sludge through be exposed to the sun with after high temperature compost up to everywhere
The biological sludge managed；
3）The purple soil for taking depth to be 50 ~ 100cm, removes its humus layer, then dries remaining soil, crushes, sieves,
Make particle diameter in below 5mm, up to the rural area soil handled well；
4）By the charcoal particle of above-mentioned preparation and processed biological sludge and rural area soil by 3% charcoal particle, 50%
Biological sludge and 47% rural area soil are sufficiently mixed, that is, the lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening is made.
The physicochemical property of greening roof cultivation matrix manufactured in the present embodiment is：Density is 1.34kg/m3, the content of organic matter
For 2.28 × 105mg/kg。
By the uniform spreading of greening roof cultivation matrix manufactured in the present embodiment in roof greening planting area, bedding thickness is
6cm, plants sedum lineare, sedum lineare growth is vigorous, and after one month, sedum lineare biological accumulation amount reaches 0.88g/cm2.Period does not have to
Watering（Except needing to pour a small amount of water such as July and August when summer roof temperature is higher）
In conclusion nutrition content is high in greening roof cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention, plant grew well can be effective
Increase phytomass, light weight, density only has 1.20 ~ 1.58kg/m3, and cultivation thickness 6cm can be met the requirements, every square metre
Weight is only 0.072 ~ 0.094kg.
Finally illustrate, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to compared with
The present invention is described in detail in good embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme technical scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the objective and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it should all cover at this
Among the right of invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass fraction：Charcoal
Particle is 1-5%, rural area soil 0-50%, surplus are biological sludge.
2. it is used for the lightweight cultivation matrix of roof greening according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the biological sludge is
Sludge through dehydration in urban sewage treatment system, moisture content 70-80%.
3. it is used for the lightweight cultivation matrix of roof greening according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rural area soil is to go
Except the purple soil of humus layer, particle diameter is less than 5mm.
4. it is used for the lightweight cultivation matrix of roof greening according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the charcoal particle
It is to be made by branch or stalk, particle diameter is less than 5mm.
5. the preparation method of a kind of lightweight cultivation matrix for roof greening, it is characterised in that described for roof greening
Lightweight cultivation matrix comprises the following steps to be used for the lightweight cultivation matrix of roof greening described in claim any one of 1-4：
1）Air-dried branch or stalk are trimmed to 20 ~ 30cm, and are put into biological retort, is pyrolyzed 1 ~ 24h under anoxic conditions,
Temperature is 300 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, then is crushed, sieved, and particle diameter is less than 5mm, that is, obtains charcoal particle；
2）Take the biological sludge after dehydration, under daylight sufficiency turning be exposed to the sun 4h, utilize the purple that the noon sun is strong
Outside line, kills germ on the basis of carbon source in not losing sludge, and further reduces the moisture content of biological sludge, then carries out
During High-Temperature Composting is decomposed, to obtain the final product to the biological sludge handled well；
3）The purple soil for taking depth to be 50 ~ 100cm, removes its humus layer, then dries soil, crushes, sieves, make particle diameter
In below 5mm, up to the rural area soil handled well；
4）The charcoal particle of above-mentioned preparation and the biological sludge handled well and rural area soil are sufficiently mixed in proportion, that is, is made and uses
In the lightweight cultivation matrix of roof greening.
6. it is used for the preparation method of the lightweight cultivation matrix of roof greening according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the life
Thing retort is made of furnace body, chimney and sealed pyrolysis room；The furnace body is double-decker, has lid at the top of furnace body, in furnace body
Lid be equipped with the chimney, to exclude the gas produced after fuel combustion, be respectively equipped with furnace body top and bottom some
Ventilation mouth, makes furnace interior be connected with the external world；The sealed pyrolysis room is arranged on furnace interior, and lid is arranged at top, if bottom is equipped with
Dry gas hole, and multiple downward support feets are set in the edge of bottom, make to exist between the bottom of burning confined chamber and furnace body
Gap and stomata cannot be blocked；Cavity between furnace body and sealed pyrolysis room constitutes fuel combustion chamber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711268082.8A CN107896925B (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | Light cultivation medium for roof greening and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201711268082.8A CN107896925B (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | Light cultivation medium for roof greening and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107896925B CN107896925B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109644817A (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2019-04-19 | 安徽省巢湖铸造厂有限责任公司 | A method of culture medium is prepared using phosphatization sludge |
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| CN107896925B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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