CN107892627A - A kind of soil organic compost and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of soil organic compost and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107892627A CN107892627A CN201711019035.XA CN201711019035A CN107892627A CN 107892627 A CN107892627 A CN 107892627A CN 201711019035 A CN201711019035 A CN 201711019035A CN 107892627 A CN107892627 A CN 107892627A
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- organic compost
- soil
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- fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The present invention relates to organic compost technical field, more particularly to a kind of soil organic compost and its preparation method and application, the preparation method of the soil organic compost includes stock, crush, dehydration, prepare bacterium solution, individual event is fermented, sludge handling, nutrient is matched, mixed fermentation, air-dry, detection, the step of storage, this method has fermentation complete, it is easily operated, the advantages of production cost is low, and preferably mixed soil can be prepared, abundant nutriment and trace element can be provided for plant growth, and the organic compost of insect pest can be expelled, the compost can be in soil remediation, application in soil improvement and agricultural planting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic compost technical field, and in particular to a kind of soil organic compost and preparation method thereof and should
With.
Background technology
Nutriment enriches contained by organic compost, and fertilizer efficiency is stable, can improve soil moisturizing, insulation, the ventilative, property of fertilizer conservation
Can, it is the fertilizer over thousand used in farmland.
Current organic compost mainly by various plant residues, as crop straw, weeds, leaf, peat, rubbish and its
Its discarded object etc. is raw material, then mixes people and animals' fecaluria and is formed through composting decomposition.However, the preparation method of organic compost now
Still suffer from following defect：Firstth, function is single：For traditional organic compost using plant residue and people and animals' fecaluria as raw material, these are former
Material is general only to provide nutriment, without having other functions, so that organic compost function is single；Secondth, ferment incomplete：It is existing
Organic compost is all open heap fermentation, and the space of this open type is unfavorable for bacterium and carries out anaerobic fermentation, so that heap
Fertilizer fermentation is not complete；3rd, utilization rate is low：Because existing organic compost is mainly that animal and plant discarded object is made, but these are useless
There is larger difference in the structure of gurry and soil, it is impossible to fully penetrate into soil so that can not be made full use of by crop, and expose to
The fertilizer of soil surface, easily influenceed by weather and be lost in fertility；4th, trace element is few：It is well known that soil is planted for a long time
The nutrient of substantial amounts of trace element can be siphoned away by crop so that the raw material of the salinization of soil, from the above existing organic compost
Mainly animals and plants discarded object, these raw materials mainly contain carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements of selenium, zinc, iron, chromium, calcium, magnesium,
Phosphorus, potassium, the content of manganese are considerably less, the problem of causing organic compost to improve unexpected salinization of soil in time.
The content of the invention
Above-mentioned technical problem be present for prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of soil organic compost,
The organic compost can be mixed preferably to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency with soil, and abundant nutriment can be provided for plant growth
And trace element, and insect pest can be expelled.
Above-mentioned technical problem be present for prior art, the two of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of soil organic compost
Preparation method, this method can make the fermenting raw materials of organic compost complete, so as to prepare the organic compost with above-mentioned advantage, tool
There is the advantages of process is simple, easily operated, production cost is low.
Above-mentioned technical problem be present for prior art, the three of the object of the invention is to provide answering for above-mentioned organic compost
With.
One of to achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of preparation method of organic compost is provided, comprised the following steps：
Step 1: stock：Collect agricultural wastes, tree deciduous leaf discarded object, grain leftover as material, herding excreta, medium-height grass
Medicine discarded object, thalassophyte discarded object are used as the raw material of production organic fertilizer；
Step 2: crush：The raw material of step 1 is crushed to required particle diameter respectively；
Step 3: dehydration：Each raw material after crushing is compressed into dehydration respectively, the raw material that water content is 20~40% is made,
And collect the raw material liq of extrusion；
Step 4: prepare bacterium solution：Strain is thrown in the raw material liq collected to step 3 and cultivated, is made as fermentation
The bacterium solution of substrate water quality raw material；
Step 5: individual event is fermented：The raw material that step 3 water content is 20~40% is individually placed in outside one-way exhaust
Sealer ferments, and adds bacterium solution made from step 4 to keep the fermentation humidity of raw material as 25~35%, and individual event fermentation is made
Raw material；
Step 6: sludge handling：A certain amount of ocean bed mud is collected, the ocean bed mud is air-dried, makes containing for ocean bed mud
Water is 25~35%；
Step 7: nutrient is matched：The nutrient content of the raw material of individual event fermentation is detected, is then matched according to nutrient content mixed
Raw material is closed, obtains the mixture that nutrient is quantitatively matched；
Step 8: mixed fermentation：The mixture one that the nutrient obtained by bed mud and step 7 obtained by step 6 is quantitatively matched
It is placed in the sealer of outside one-way exhaust, then the mud of fermentation maturation is made to carry out mixed fermentation in strain needed for addition
Native organic compost；Wherein, the weight of bed mud and mixture ratio is 1：2~5；
Step 9: air-dry：It is 25~35% that the mixed material constant temperature for maturation of fermenting, which is air-dried to water content,；
Step 10: detection：The content of nutrient in the organic compost that detecting step ten obtains, if content is up to standard, you can use
In the organic compost of soil improvement；
Step 11: storage：Organic compost after testing is placed in reservoir bag and preserved.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the agricultural wastes are in straw refuse, tendril discarded object or shell discarded object
A kind of or any two or more mixture.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the grain leftover as material is in soybean residue, vinasse, soil dynamic test, mushroom compost or pericarp
One kind or any two or more mixture.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 4, the strain is four acid anhydrides floras, Bacillus acidi lactici group, light compositing bacterium
Mixture more than one or both of group, fiber hydrolization flora, mutual synthase flora or spore enzyme flora.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the herding excreta is one kind or any two in cow dung, sheep manure, pig manure or poultry-dung
The mixture of the kind above.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 2, particle diameter needed for raw material is 1~8cm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the bed mud is one in ocean bed mud, culturing pool bed mud, river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake
Kind or any two or more mixture.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 11, the reservoir bag is outside one-way exhaust.
To achieve the above object two, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of soil organic compost is provided, it is made by the preparation method of above-mentioned soil organic compost.
To achieve the above object three, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
The application of above-mentioned soil organic compost is provided, its can be used for soil improvement, soil remediation and with agricultural planting.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) present invention provides a kind of soil organic compost, water content identical fertiliser mixtures and bed mud co-fermentation,
The viscosity of organic compost is added, so that fertilizer is preferably combined with soil, promotes the utilization ratio of fertilizer；In addition, should
Organic compost discarded object containing Chinese herbal medicine, the smell that Chinese herbal medicine distributes can expel insect pest, so as to reach the purpose of pest control；This
Outside, the organic compost includes thalassophyte and bed mud, and it can supplement the micro of soil losses rich in trace element and organic matter
Element, the problem of beneficial to soil-ripening is improved, and bed mud is made full use of, is advantageous to purify the noxious material of bed mud precipitation,
To realize circulation production.
(2) present invention provides a kind of preparation method of soil organic compost, and this method uses the sealing of outside one-way exhaust
Device ferments, and ensure that the oxygen-free environment of fermentation, enhances the energy of strain, and then improves fermentation efficiency, and outwards unidirectional row
The structure of gas can discharge in time fermentation caused by carbon dioxide, carry out fermentation lasts；In addition, the preparation method elder generation individual event hair
Ferment, mixed fermentation is carried out further according to needed for soil nutrient, and each component on the one hand can be made fully to ferment and gone out largely with biofermentation
Trace element, on the other hand can adjust the nutrition nutrient of organic compost.
(3) present invention provides a kind of application of soil organic compost, can be in soil improvement, soil remediation and and agricultural planting
Middle application.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1.
A kind of preparation method of soil organic compost is provided, comprised the following steps：
Step 1: stock：Collect agricultural wastes, tree deciduous leaf discarded object, grain leftover as material, herding excreta, medium-height grass
Medicine discarded object, thalassophyte discarded object are used as the raw material of production organic fertilizer；
Step 2: crush：The raw material of step 1 is crushed to required particle diameter respectively, wherein, particle diameter needed for raw material is 1cm；
Step 3: dehydration：Each raw material after crushing is compressed into dehydration respectively, water content is made and is 20% raw material, and receives
Collect the raw material liq extruded；
Step 4: prepare bacterium solution：Strain is thrown in the raw material liq collected to step 3 and cultivated, is made as fermentation
The bacterium solution of substrate water quality raw material, wherein, the strain is four acid anhydrides floras, Bacillus acidi lactici group, light compositing flora, cellulose-decomposing bacteria
Mixture more than one or both of group, mutual synthase flora, spore enzyme flora；
Step 5: individual event is fermented：The raw material that step 3 water content is 20% is individually placed in the sealing of outside one-way exhaust
Device ferments, and adds bacterium solution made from step 4 to keep the fermentation humidity of raw material as 25%, and the raw material of individual event fermentation is made；
Step 6: sludge handling：Collect a certain amount of culturing pool bed mud, river bottom mud, bottom mud in lake and mix, Ran Houfeng
Dry, the water content for making bed mud is 25%；
Step 7: nutrient is matched：The nutrient content of the raw material of individual event fermentation is detected, is then matched according to nutrient content mixed
Raw material is closed, obtains the mixture that nutrient is quantitatively matched；
Step 8: mixed fermentation：The mixture one that the nutrient obtained by bed mud and step 7 obtained by step 6 is quantitatively matched
It is placed in the sealer of outside one-way exhaust, then the mud of fermentation maturation is made to carry out mixed fermentation in strain needed for addition
Native organic compost；Wherein, the weight of bed mud and mixture ratio is 1：4；
Step 9: air-dry：It is 25% that the mixed material constant temperature for maturation of fermenting, which is air-dried to water content,；
Step 10: detection：The content of nutrient in the organic compost that detecting step ten obtains, if content is up to standard, you can use
In the organic compost of soil improvement；
Step 11: storage：Organic compost after testing is placed in reservoir bag and preserved, wherein, the reservoir bag be to
Outer one-way exhaust.
Wherein, agricultural wastes are the mixtures of straw refuse, tendril discarded object and shell discarded object.
Wherein, grain leftover as material be soybean residue, vinasse, soil dynamic test, mixture.
Wherein, the herding excreta is cow dung, sheep manure, pig manure, the mixture of poultry-dung.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of preparation method of organic compost is provided, comprised the following steps：
Step 1: stock：Collect agricultural wastes, tree deciduous leaf discarded object, grain leftover as material, herding excreta, medium-height grass
Medicine discarded object, thalassophyte discarded object are used as the raw material of production organic fertilizer；
Step 2: crush：The raw material of step 1 is crushed to required particle diameter respectively, wherein, particle diameter needed for raw material is 8cm；
Step 3: dehydration：Each raw material after crushing is compressed into dehydration respectively, water content is made and is 240% raw material, and receives
Collect the raw material liq extruded；
Step 4: prepare bacterium solution：Strain is thrown in the raw material liq collected to step 3 and cultivated, is made as fermentation
The bacterium solution of substrate water quality raw material, wherein, the strain is four acid anhydrides floras, Bacillus acidi lactici group, light compositing flora, cellulose-decomposing bacteria
Mixture more than one or both of group, mutual synthase flora, spore enzyme flora；
Step 5: individual event is fermented：The raw material that step 3 water content is 40% is individually placed in the sealing of outside one-way exhaust
Device ferments, and adds bacterium solution made from step 4 to keep the fermentation humidity of raw material as 35%, and the raw material of individual event fermentation is made；
Step 6: sludge handling：A certain amount of ocean bed mud and bottom mud in lake are collected, air-dries the ocean bed mud and lake
Bed mud, the water content for making bed mud are 35%；
Step 7: nutrient is matched：The nutrient content of the raw material of individual event fermentation is detected, is then matched according to nutrient content mixed
Raw material is closed, obtains the mixture that nutrient is quantitatively matched；
Step 8: mixed fermentation：The mixture one that the nutrient obtained by bed mud and step 7 obtained by step 6 is quantitatively matched
It is placed in the sealer of outside one-way exhaust, then the mud of fermentation maturation is made to carry out mixed fermentation in strain needed for addition
Native organic compost；Wherein, the weight of bed mud and mixture ratio is 1：2；
Step 9: air-dry：It is 35% that the mixed material constant temperature for maturation of fermenting, which is air-dried to water content,；
Step 10: detection：The content of nutrient in the organic compost that detecting step ten obtains, if content is up to standard, you can use
In the organic compost of soil improvement；
Step 11: storage：Organic compost after testing is placed in reservoir bag and preserved, wherein, the reservoir bag be to
Outer one-way exhaust.
Wherein, agricultural wastes are the mixtures in straw refuse, shell discarded object.
Wherein, grain leftover as material is the mixture in soil dynamic test, mushroom compost and pericarp.
Wherein, the herding excreta is the mixture in cow dung, sheep manure, poultry-dung.
Embodiment 3.
A kind of preparation method of organic compost is provided, comprised the following steps：
Step 1: stock：Collect agricultural wastes, tree deciduous leaf discarded object, grain leftover as material, herding excreta, medium-height grass
Medicine discarded object, thalassophyte discarded object are used as the raw material of production organic fertilizer；
Step 2: crush：The raw material of step 1 is crushed to required particle diameter respectively, wherein, particle diameter needed for raw material is 5cm；
Step 3: dehydration：Each raw material after crushing is compressed into dehydration respectively, water content is made and is 30% raw material, and receives
Collect the raw material liq extruded；
Step 4: prepare bacterium solution：Strain is thrown in the raw material liq collected to step 3 and cultivated, is made as fermentation
The bacterium solution of substrate water quality raw material, wherein, the strain is four acid anhydrides floras, Bacillus acidi lactici group, light compositing flora, cellulose-decomposing bacteria
Mixture more than one or both of group, mutual synthase flora, spore enzyme flora；
Step 5: individual event is fermented：The raw material that step 3 water content is 30% is individually placed in the sealing of outside one-way exhaust
Device ferments, and adds bacterium solution made from step 4 to keep the fermentation humidity of raw material as 30%, and the raw material of individual event fermentation is made；
Step 6: sludge handling：Collect a certain amount of ocean bed mud, culturing pool bed mud, river bottom mud, bottom mud in lake and mix
Close, air-dry the bed mud, the water content for making bed mud is 30%；
Step 7: nutrient is matched：The nutrient content of the raw material of individual event fermentation is detected, is then matched according to nutrient content mixed
Raw material is closed, obtains the mixture that nutrient is quantitatively matched；
Step 8: mixed fermentation：The mixture one that the nutrient obtained by bed mud and step 7 obtained by step 6 is quantitatively matched
It is placed in the sealer of outside one-way exhaust, then the mud of fermentation maturation is made to carry out mixed fermentation in strain needed for addition
Native organic compost；Wherein, the weight of bed mud and mixture ratio is 1：2；
Step 9: air-dry：It is 30% that the mixed material constant temperature for maturation of fermenting, which is air-dried to water content,；
Step 10: detection：The content of nutrient in the organic compost that detecting step ten obtains, if content is up to standard, you can use
In the organic compost of soil improvement；
Step 11: storage：Organic compost after testing is placed in reservoir bag and preserved, wherein, the reservoir bag be to
Outer one-way exhaust.
Wherein, agricultural wastes are the mixtures in tendril discarded object and shell discarded object.
Wherein, grain leftover as material is the mixture in soybean residue, vinasse, mushroom compost and pericarp.
Wherein, the herding excreta is the mixture in cow dung, sheep manure, poultry-dung.
Embodiment 4.
A kind of organic compost of the present embodiment is made up of any one of above-described embodiment 1 to 3 embodiment, and obtained soil is organic
Compost can preferably mixed soil, abundant nutriment and trace element can be provided for plant growth, and insect pest can be expelled,
Suitable for soil improvement or soil remediation, farmland cultivation can be widely applied to.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of soil organic compost, it is characterized in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1: stock：Agricultural wastes, tree deciduous leaf discarded object, grain leftover as material, herding excreta, Chinese herbal medicine is collected to give up
Gurry, thalassophyte discarded object are used as the raw material of production organic fertilizer；
Step 2: crush：The raw material of step 1 is crushed to required particle diameter respectively；
Step 3: dehydration：Each raw material after crushing is compressed into dehydration respectively, water content is made and is 20~40% raw material, and receives
Collect the raw material liq extruded；
Step 4: prepare bacterium solution：Strain is thrown in the raw material liq collected to step 3 and cultivated, is made as fermentation substrate
The bacterium solution of water quality raw material；
Step 5: individual event is fermented：The raw material that step 3 water content is 20~40% is individually placed in the sealing of outside one-way exhaust
Device ferments, and adds bacterium solution made from step 4 to keep the fermentation humidity of raw material as 25~35%, and the original of individual event fermentation is made
Material；
Step 6: sludge handling：A certain amount of bed mud is collected, air-dries the bed mud, the water content for making bed mud is 25~35%；
Step 7: nutrient is matched：The nutrient content of the raw material of individual event fermentation is detected, it is former then to match mixing according to nutrient content
Material, obtains the mixture that nutrient is quantitatively matched；
Step 8: mixed fermentation：The juxtaposition of mixture one that the nutrient obtained by bed mud and step 7 obtained by step 6 is quantitatively matched
In the sealer of outside one-way exhaust, then to carry out mixed fermentation, the soil that fermentation maturation is made has strain needed for addition
Machine compost；Wherein, the weight of bed mud and mixture ratio is 1：2~5；
Step 9: air-dry：It is 25~35% that the soil organic compost constant temperature for maturation of fermenting, which is air-dried to water content,；
Step 10: detection：The content of nutrient in the soil organic compost that detecting step nine obtains, if content is up to standard, you can use
In the soil organic compost of soil improvement；
Step 11: storage：Soil organic compost after testing is placed in reservoir bag and preserved.
2. a kind of preparation method of soil organic compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The agricultural wastes are
Straw refuse, tendril discarded object or one kind in shell discarded object or any two or more mixture.
3. a kind of preparation method of soil organic compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The grain leftover as material is
Soybean residue, vinasse, soil dynamic test, mushroom compost or one kind in pericarp or any two or more mixture.
4. a kind of preparation side of soil organic compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is described in the step 4
Strain is in four acid anhydrides floras, Bacillus acidi lactici group, light compositing flora, fiber hydrolization flora, mutual synthase flora or spore enzyme flora
One or more kinds of mixtures.
5. a kind of preparation side of soil organic compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The herding excreta is ox
One kind or any two or more mixture in excrement, sheep manure, pig manure or poultry-dung.
6. a kind of preparation side of soil organic compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In the step 2, raw material
Required particle diameter is 1~8cm.
7. a kind of preparation side of soil organic compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The bed mud is ocean bottom
Mud, culturing pool bed mud, river bottom mud or one kind in bottom mud in lake or any two or more mixture.
8. a kind of preparation side of soil organic compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In the step 11, institute
It is outside one-way exhaust to state reservoir bag.
9. a kind of soil organic compost, it is characterized in that：Using a kind of soil organic compost described in any one of claim 1 to 8
Preparation method made of soil organic compost.
10. a kind of application of soil organic compost, it is characterized in that：Existed using a kind of soil organic compost described in claim 9
Application in soil remediation, soil improvement and agricultural planting.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1322699A (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2001-11-21 | 广州市千江企业有限公司 | Preparation of viscous water-maintaining fertilizer for planting sweetroot weed |
| WO2004105460A2 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-09 | Environmental Technologies Capital Partners, Llc | Liquid fertilizer incorporating biosolids and high concentrations of ammonium |
| CN105112069A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-02 | 天津农学院 | Soil conditioner and preparation method |
| CN106905005A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-30 | 王睦 | A kind of biological compost and its preparation method and application |
-
2017
- 2017-10-26 CN CN201711019035.XA patent/CN107892627A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1322699A (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2001-11-21 | 广州市千江企业有限公司 | Preparation of viscous water-maintaining fertilizer for planting sweetroot weed |
| WO2004105460A2 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-09 | Environmental Technologies Capital Partners, Llc | Liquid fertilizer incorporating biosolids and high concentrations of ammonium |
| CN105112069A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-02 | 天津农学院 | Soil conditioner and preparation method |
| CN106905005A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-30 | 王睦 | A kind of biological compost and its preparation method and application |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 方海兰: "《城市土壤生态功能与有机废弃物循环利用》", 31 January 2014, 上海科学技术出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20180410 |