CN107852880B - Coastal saline and alkaline area is with falling drainage and separating drenching layer and hidden pipe system of arranging saline and alkaline - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a drainage separation layer and a concealed pipe saline-alkali drainage system for a coastal saline-alkali area, wherein the separation layer comprises a plurality of bodies which are connected with each other; the front surface and the back surface of the body are respectively provided with a drain hole which does not penetrate through the body; and the centers of the drain holes on the back face are positioned on the positions corresponding to the back face of the geometric centers formed by a plurality of drain holes adjacent to the front face which are mutually connected. The water-reducing and water-draining separation layer has the characteristics of rapid water drainage, stable structure, easiness in production, convenience in construction and the like, is more convenient to construct, does not pollute the atmosphere, and is economical in cost, higher in compressive strength and larger in water drainage space; the novel drainage device is suitable for greening coastal saline and alkaline lands.

Description

Coastal saline and alkaline area is with falling drainage and separating drenching layer and hidden pipe system of arranging saline and alkaline

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coastal saline land salt drainage systems, and particularly relates to a drainage-lowering and shower-separating layer and concealed pipe salt drainage system for coastal saline areas.

Background

At present, a common saline-alkali soil greening and saline-alkali removing mode is as follows: the drainage mode of the open ditch, the drainage mode of the concealed pipe combined shower layer and the drainage mode of the concealed pipe combined shower layer, and in addition, the drainage mode of coiled material type and sheet type plastic drainage plates is also adopted.

And the open ditch drainage mode is to arrange a main drainage ditch, a branch drainage ditch and a rough ditch according to the physical properties of soil and the buried depth of underground water at certain intervals to form an integral drainage system. The drainage method has low land utilization rate and wastes precious land resources; secondly, soil bodies in open ditches and two side ranges are exposed to the outside for a long time, and the problems of ravines, landslide, slope collapse and the like are generally caused, so that the daily maintenance cost is high (a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be input for a long time) and potential safety hazards are caused; in addition, a certain amount of soil is lost during open trench drainage, so that the smoothness of adjacent ditches, rivers and municipal pipelines outside the area connected with the drainage ditch is affected, and the difficulty is increased for the work of related maintenance units; finally, the capillary action of the soil body at the lower part cannot be blocked by using open trench drainage in the saline-alkali area, and the soil water containing saline-alkali ions can bring the saline-alkali ions into the soil body at the upper part through the capillary force of the soil body, so that even high aggregation of surface salt is formed, the saline-alkali content of the surface soil is out of standard, and the plant growth vigor is small and even cannot survive.

The concealed pipe is combined with a drainage mode of a shower layer: on the proper depth plane of underground, parallel laying pipeline according to a certain distance, burying the hidden pipe into the broken stone chip water-spraying layer or burying the hidden pipe into the middle sand blind ditch, laying the broken stone chip water-spraying layer on the upper surface layer of the blind ditch to form a drainage pipe network system with a certain drop and connected with each other, and discharging underground water by permeation of the hidden pipe. The defects are that the influence of the environmental damage caused by the pollution of the atmosphere and the water resource in the process of mining and processing the sand and stone materials is particularly great, the protection and improvement of the ecological environment are increasingly emphasized in China and even the world, and especially the atmospheric pollution, the water pollution treatment and the punishment and punishment of illegal law are increasingly serious. Under the influence of the influence, a plurality of nearby urban mining processing factories are shut down successively, the price of sand and stone materials is greatly increased, and the implementation input cost of a buried pipe combined shower-proof drainage mode widely adopted in front of the scene is greatly increased. Secondly, construction needs large-scale mechanical equipment to be combined with manpower, dust is generated in construction to pollute the atmosphere, construction time is long, construction cost is high, and paving thickness quality is difficult to guarantee; again, the porosity of the stone chip shower layer is calculated to be about 42% by theory, and in practical application, the stone chip contains a certain amount of stone powder according to the regulation of 4.14.3 rd clause 3) in the latest edition of landscaping engineering construction and acceptance Specification CJJ 82-2012: the stone powder and soil content in the stone chip laminated material is not more than 10%, namely the stone powder and soil content is less than or equal to 10%, and the stone chip laminated material is qualified, so that the actual porosity of the stone chip laminated material is about 32%; in addition, the crushed stone chips are affected by the gravity extrusion of the upper planting soil body and other on the ground and the erosion of high mineralization degree groundwater in a saline-alkali area, crustal movement and other factors, a small amount of stone powder can be generated among granules as time goes on, and on the basis of two fact factors that the materials carry soil and stone powder and a small amount of stone powder can be generated in the using process, the crushed stone chip shower layer is used for forming the agglomeration with poor water permeability and air permeability, which is adhered to each other, under the comprehensive effect of water seepage, of the crushed stone chips, stone powder, soil and water, and the plate body structure with poor water permeability is finally formed along with the gradual increase of the agglomeration quantity, at the moment, the effective porosity of the crushed stone chip shower layer is further reduced, stone chips and soil block the water seepage holes of a hidden pipe, so that the water seepage and drainage capacity of a saline-alkali isolation system is reduced. 38 soil sections are selected as dynamic monitoring points of water salt in a greenbelt range of 2X 106m < 2 > in Tianjin economic technology development area (1989-1999), the water salt dynamic monitoring points are sampled and sampled 2-3 times per year, chemical analysis of indexes such as PH value, total salt and the like is carried out, salt in a 1m soil body shows gradient distribution from top to bottom from the observation result to the change general trend, the salt is in cohesive salt of the soil 10-20cm above a separation layer, once a pipeline is silted, the salt can return to the ground due to deposition, and secondary salinization is generated.

The open ditch drainage is combined with the concealed pipe drainage mode: the drainage main pipe is in an open trench mode, the branch drainage pipe and the rough trench are in a buried pipe mode and are connected with each other, and underground water is discharged through drainage outside the open trench. The combined drainage method has the disadvantages that besides the defects of the two drainage methods, the phenomenon that open ditch landslide is very easy to occur at the position where the blind ditch is connected with the open ditch, the collapsed and piled soil body damages the blind ditch and blocks the blind ditch water outlet is required to be added, and the design of the hard slope protection of the water outlet is required to be added, so that the maintenance difficulty is increased and the implementation investment cost is increased.

The coiled material type plastic drainage plate adopts a drainage mode that: the greening engineering is mostly applied to roof garage roof greening drainage, the application examples of ground greening drainage are few, and the greening engineering application of saline-alkali soil is almost not available. The working principle is as follows: the middle of the plastic drainage plate is an extrusion-molded plastic core plate, a framework and drainage channels of the drainage plate, most of the plastic core plate is hollow conical boss toothed or semicircular spherical toothed, two sides of the plastic core plate are wrapped with non-woven geotextiles to serve as filter layers, the core belt plays a supporting role and horizontally drains water permeated by the filter layers to the blind ditches of eggs and gravels which are arranged around, and the blind ditches are connected with a water outlet to form a drainage system. The connection mode is bonding, lap joint and thermal welding, and the drain board is also called a water guide board and a water filtering board. The water storage and drainage plates are divided into single-sided concave-convex type, double-sided concave-convex type and square type (as shown in fig. 18 and 19). Is formed by punching a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic bottom board into conical bosses or convex points (or hollow semicircular bosses) of stiffening ribs. The main specifications are as follows: the thickness of the drainage plate body is 8,12,16,20, 25 and 30mm. The top surface of the conical boss is glued with a layer of filtering geotextile to prevent soil particles from passing through, so that the blocking of a drainage channel is avoided, and the drainage of a pore canal is smooth; the compressive strength is 150-400 KPa.

The application range of the method in greening engineering is as follows: garage roof greening, roof garden, vertical greening, pitched roof greening, football field and golf field. The defects are that: the structural design supporting stress structure is a hollow conical boss or a hollow semicircular boss, the thickness of the material is thin, the thickness is generally 0.7-2.0mm, the whole compressive strength is weak, and the compressive strength is inversely proportional to the thickness of the plate body. In coastal saline-alkali areas, the ground water level is generally higher, and in addition, rainstorm, heavy storm and extra heavy storm weather are frequently met in the rainy period, a drainage system is required, and the instantaneous drainage amount is large and strong. The product with the thicknesses of 8,12,16 and 20mm of the drainage plate body can meet the compressive strength, but cannot meet the design requirement that the instantaneous drainage amount is large and the design requirement is strong, and the thicknesses of 25 and 30mm of the drainage plate body are just opposite, so that the compressive strength requirement cannot be met. Under the condition that the structural appearance of the drain board is unchanged, the thickness of the material needs to be increased, so that the unit mass is increased and the production cost is increased. The connecting mode is adopted, waste gas is generated during seam welding, the atmospheric environment is polluted, and the operation of professionals is needed, so that the labor and time are wasted; the lap joint mode needs a certain lap joint width, generally the width of two convex teeth, wastes materials and increases the cost; the bonding connection mode needs an adhesive, which mostly contains benzene, toluene, dimethylbenzene, formaldehyde and toluene diisocyanate, has high toxicity, serious harm to human health and pollution to soil and water.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a drainage-lowering and shower-separating layer and a hidden pipe saline-alkali drainage system for a coastal saline-alkali area, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the drainage separating and leaching layer for the coastal saline and alkaline area comprises a plurality of bodies which are connected with each other;

the front surface and the back surface of the body are respectively provided with a drain hole which does not penetrate through the body; and the centers of the drain holes on the back face are positioned on the positions corresponding to the back face of the geometric centers formed by a plurality of drain holes adjacent to the front face which are mutually connected.

Further, the shape of the drain hole is one of regular octagon, round, square or rectangle;

the four sides of the body are provided with clamping grooves on two opposite sides, and the two opposite sides are provided with cutting bars, and the clamping grooves are connected with the cutting bars at corresponding positions when the bodies are connected with each other;

the front and the back of the body are adhered with water-permeable non-woven fabrics.

Further, the body is a plastic plate;

the front surface of the plastic plate is provided with a regular octagonal first water drain hole; the back surface is provided with regular octagon second drain holes, the periphery edge of the back surface of the plastic plate is provided with third drain holes, and the four corners of the back surface of the plastic plate are provided with fourth drain holes; the sizes of the first water drain holes and the second water drain holes are equal;

the centers of the regular octagons of the second water discharge holes on the back of the plastic plate are positioned on the back positions corresponding to the geometric centers formed by the four regular octagons of the first water discharge holes adjacent to the front of the plastic plate.

Further, edge support bars are arranged at the peripheral edges of the back surface of the plastic plate; the distance between the support bars on the same side edge is equal to the diameter length of the inscribed circle of the first drain hole;

the edge support bar is connected with the adjacent first water discharge hole, the third water discharge hole and the fourth water discharge hole; the upper part of the edge support bar is connected with the outermost side of the first row of first water discharge holes on the front surface of the plastic plate, and the lower part of the edge support bar is connected with the back bottom plate of the plastic plate.

Further, the first row and the first row of supporting columns around the plastic plate are connected with the first water drain hole, the second water drain hole and the third water drain hole adjacent to the supporting columns;

the other support columns are connected with the adjacent first drain holes and the adjacent second drain holes.

Further, the fourth water drain holes corresponding to four corners of the plastic plate are groove structures which do not penetrate through the plastic plate on the back surface;

when the plastic plates are in butt joint, four closely attached fourth water discharging holes on the back face are mutually meshed and connected with the interlocking fasteners.

Furthermore, the plastic plate and the interlocking fastener are made of HDPE or PVC or PP materials; the compression resistance and the tensile resistance can be greatly improved.

The thickness range of the plastic plate surface layer connected with the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the supporting upright post is 0.7-5mm, the plane size is 30 x 30, 40 x 40, 50 x 50 and 100 x 100cm, and the whole height range is 0.24-20cm;

the diameter range of the hole side length or the inscribed circle or the circumscribed circle of the first drain hole, the second drain hole and the third drain hole is 0.5-10cm;

the cross section of the supporting upright post is square or cuboid, the side length of the cross section is in the range of 0.2-2cm, and the clear height is in the range of 0.24-20cm;

the side length of the bottom surface of the interlocking fastener ranges from 2cm to 20cm, and the height ranges from 0.24 cm to 20cm; the edge support bar is cuboid or square, the length range is 0.5-20cm, the width range is 0.2-2cm, and the height range is 0.24-20cm. The invention also provides a salt drainage system for the coastal saline-alkali area, which comprises the drainage-lowering and water-separating shower layer.

The concealed pipe saline-alkali drainage system for the coastal saline-alkali area comprises the drainage separation layer, the water collection blind ditch and the saline-alkali drainage inspection well;

the longitudinal section of the water collecting blind ditch (the longitudinal section is a section vertical to the long axis of the plastic water collecting blind ditch) is arched; and the bottom feet of the two sides at the lower part of the longitudinal section are rounded; the two sides of the water collecting blind ditch are provided with water collecting holes and cutting bars, the cutting bars are connected with the body of the shower isolation layer in a clamping way, the adjacent plastic water collecting blind ditches are connected in a socket joint way, the longitudinal section has a shape width of 5-30cm, the height of 5-30cm and the wall thickness of 0.2-2cm; and the ratio of the height f of the arched portion to the length L of the bottom thereof is 1:2.

Further, the bottom of the salt discharging inspection well is square or cuboid, the upper part is a cylinder, the side wall of the vertical surface of the salt discharging inspection well is provided with a connecting hole which is communicated with the water collecting blind ditch and the salt discharging water collecting pipe, the salt discharging inspection well is buried, the width of the bottom of the salt discharging inspection well is 50-250cm, the diameter of the upper part of the salt discharging inspection well is 40-100cm, and the whole height of the salt discharging inspection well is 50-500 cm; the wall thickness is in the range of 0.3-15cm. The water collecting blind ditch is made of HDPE or PVC or PP materials, and the salt elimination inspection well is made of HDPE or PVC or PP materials, reinforced concrete or glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) materials.

Compared with the prior art, the drainage-lowering and shower-separating layer and concealed pipe saline-alkali drainage system for the coastal saline-alkali areas has the following advantages:

the water-reducing and water-draining separation layer has the characteristics of rapid water drainage, stable structure, easiness in production, convenience in construction and the like, is more convenient to construct, does not pollute the atmosphere, and is economical in cost, higher in compressive strength and larger in water drainage space; the novel drainage device is suitable for greening coastal saline and alkaline lands.

The concealed pipe saline-alkali removal system disclosed by the invention is simple and easy to master in construction and installation, is convenient and rapid, saves 1/2-3/4 of construction time, saves 4/5 and 1/2 of construction and installation cost compared with the construction of a stone chip concealed pipe saline-alkali removal system and the construction of a traditional drainage plate system, and can save the idle cost and the construction management cost of a machine station work of 1/2-3/4 of subsequent procedures.

The concealed pipe saline-alkali removal system has low maintenance cost in the later period; the installation construction adopts the connection of clamping and socket connection, the process has no dust, no toxic gas and no solid waste, and the environment-friendly ecological environment-friendly process does not pollute the atmosphere, soil and groundwater; the service life of the system is longer than 20 years, and the system can be recycled and reused, so that the system is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

The hidden pipe saline-alkali removal system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the whole system adopts industrial production, the flexibility of system components is good, the transportation and installation construction are not easy to damage, the construction is simple and convenient, and the quality is easy to guarantee; the difficult problem of slope finding caused by large-area construction can be solved, and zero-gradient organized drainage is realized; the concealed pipe salt discharging system consists of three subsystems, namely a plastic water collecting blind ditch, a novel salt discharging inspection well and a plastic isolation layer. Wherein, the plastic catchment blind ditch has approximately circular inner diameter and large compressive strength, and has small wet circumference, small fluid friction resistance and high flow velocity when water passes through; the novel salt elimination inspection well adopts a light-weight design, the bottom is a square base, which is convenient to be installed with a plastic isolation layer, and the upper part is a round well body, so that the novel salt elimination inspection well has good compressive strength, is firm and durable, and has good internal and external air exchange; the plastic isolation coating has good root resistance, thoroughly blocks the capillary action of the soil at the lower part, eliminates the salt accumulation phenomenon of the soil at the bottom layer and the soil at the surface layer above, and weakens the phenomenon of secondary salt return of the whole soil above after the soil in-situ improvement. The drainage porosity is about 96%, 2-3 times of the effective porosity of the traditional stone chip shower-proof layer, and 1.5-2 times of the drainage porosity of the existing drainage plate. The air exchange and circulation among the subsystems and the air (external air) are smooth, so that the water drainage is quicker, and the requirements of large heavy rain and extremely large heavy rain in the rainy period on large instantaneous water drainage can be well met; the whole compressive strength of the system is about 2.8 times of that of the traditional plastic drainage system, and the system is beneficial to the construction operation of large machines and tools of subsequent engineering.

The concealed pipe saline-alkali removal system disclosed by the invention is light in weight, and in the installation and construction process, the quality can be ensured by simply assembling 3-5 workers under the simple guidance of a supplier construction technician, and the hidden danger caused by construction machinery construction is avoided due to no mechanical and mechanical construction; the exposed airing time is short after the foundation pit groove is excavated, and the construction danger hidden danger caused by slope collapse is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a structural front face of a plastic barrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of portion C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structural reverse side of a plastic barrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a interlocking fastener structure of a plastic barrier;

FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a interlocking fastener structure of a plastic barrier;

FIG. 9 is a front view of a plastic catchment blind ditch according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10 is a top view of a plastic catchment blind ditch according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a side view of a plastic catchment blind ditch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a plastic catchment blind ditch tee joint according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a plastic catchment blind ditch four-way according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a plastic catchment blind ditch through-connection according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 15 is a front view of a novel salt elimination manhole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a top view of a novel salt elimination manhole according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection of a salt removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a simplified top view of a prior art square water storage and drainage plate;

FIG. 19 is a schematic front view of a square water storage and drainage plate according to the prior art.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. a plastic plate; 201. a first drain hole; 202. a second drain hole; 203. a third drain hole; 204. a fourth drain hole; 3. a support column; 4. edge support bars; 5. a clamping groove; 6. cutting; 7. a nonwoven fabric; 8. a interlocking fastener; 9. a water collecting blind ditch; 10. salt elimination inspection shaft; 11. salt-removing water collecting pipe; 12. a well cover; 13. a vent hole; 14. a communicating pipe; 15. municipal drainage wells.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

The drainage separating and leaching layer for the coastal saline and alkaline area comprises a plurality of bodies which are connected with each other; the front surface and the back surface of the body are respectively provided with a drain hole which does not penetrate through the body; and the centers of the drain holes on the back face are positioned on the positions corresponding to the back face of the geometric centers formed by a plurality of drain holes adjacent to the front face which are mutually connected.

The four sides of the body are provided with clamping grooves 5 on two opposite sides, and the other two corresponding sides are provided with cutting bars 6, and the clamping grooves 5 are connected with the cutting bars 6 at corresponding positions when the bodies are connected with each other;

the front and the back of the body are adhered with water-permeable non-woven fabrics 7. As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the body is a plastic plate 1; the front surface of the plastic plate 1 is provided with a regular octagonal first drain hole 201; the back surface is provided with regular octagon second drain holes 202, the periphery edge of the back surface of the plastic plate 1 is provided with third drain holes 203, and four corners of the back surface of the plastic plate 1 are provided with fourth drain holes 204; the first drain hole 201 and the second drain hole 202 are equal in size;

the centers of the regular octagonal second drain holes 202 on the back side of the plastic plate 1 are positioned on the back side corresponding to the geometric centers formed by the four regular octagonal first drain holes 201 adjacent to the front side which are connected with each other.

The peripheral edges of the back surface of the plastic plate 11 are provided with edge support bars 4; the distance between the edge support bars 4 on the same side is equal to the diameter length of the inscribed circle of the first drain hole 201;

the edge support bar 4 is connected with the adjacent first drain hole 201, the third drain hole 203 and the fourth drain hole 204; wherein the upper part of the edge support bar 44 is connected with the outermost side of the first row of first drain holes 201 on the front surface of the plastic panel 11, and the lower part of the edge support bar 44 is connected with the bottom plate on the back surface of the plastic panel 1.

The first row and the first row of supporting columns 3 around the plastic plate 1 are connected with the adjacent first drain holes 201, second drain holes 202 and third drain holes 203;

the other support columns 3 are connected to the adjacent first drain holes 201 and second drain holes 202.

The fourth water drain holes 204 corresponding to four corners of the plastic plate 1 are groove structures which do not penetrate through the plastic plate 1 on the back surface;

when the plastic plate 1 is butted, four closely attached fourth water drain holes 204 on the back face are mutually meshed with the interlocking fastener 8.

The plastic plate 1 and the interlocking fastener 8 are made of HDPE or PVC or PP materials;

the thickness range of the surface layer of the plastic plate 1 connected with the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the supporting upright post 3 is 0.7-5mm, the plane dimensions are 30 x 30, 40 x 40, 50 x 50 and 100 x 100cm, and the whole height range is 0.24-20cm;

the diameter range of the hole side length or the inscribed circle or the circumscribed circle of the first drain hole 201, the second drain hole 202 and the third drain hole 203 is 0.5 cm to 10cm;

the cross section of the supporting upright post 3 is square or cuboid, the side length of the cross section is in the range of 0.2-2cm, and the clear height is in the range of 0.24-20cm;

the side length of the bottom surface of the interlocking fastener 8 ranges from 2cm to 20cm, and the height ranges from 0.24 cm to 20cm; the edge support bar 4 is cuboid or square, the length range is 0.5-20cm, the width range is 0.2-2cm, and the height range is 0.24-20cm. As shown in fig. 9 to 17, a buried pipe saline-alkali drainage system for a coastal saline-alkali area comprises the drainage water-reducing and separating shower layer, the water-collecting blind ditches 9 and the saline-alkali drainage inspection well 10;

the longitudinal section of the water collecting blind ditch 9 (the longitudinal section is a section vertical to the long axis of the plastic water collecting blind ditch 9) is arched; and the bottom feet of the two sides at the lower part of the longitudinal section are rounded; the two sides of the water collecting blind ditch 9 are provided with water collecting holes and cutting 6, the cutting 6 is connected with the body of the shower isolation layer in a clamping way, the adjacent plastic water collecting blind ditches 9 are connected in a socket joint way, the longitudinal section has a shape width of 5-30cm, the height of 5-30cm and the wall thickness of 0.2-2cm; and the ratio of the height f of the arched portion to the length L of the bottom thereof is 1:2.

The arch structure main bearing structure of the water collecting blind ditch 9 is arch and two vertical walls, under the action of vertical load, the two vertical walls bear horizontal thrust and vertical pressure to the outside, and meanwhile, the horizontal thrust can obviously counteract the bending moment action in the arch caused by the vertical load, so as to weaken the influence of the horizontal thrust on lateral extrusion of the plastic isolation layer according to the following steps: when the sagittal ratio is increased, the horizontal thrust of the arch is reduced, and conversely, the horizontal thrust is increased, and the f height is increased to 1/2 of the L, namely, the radius length of a perfect circle is proper. In order to weaken the influence of vertical pressure on vertical walls at two sides, a method of increasing the width of feet of the vertical walls at two sides, namely increasing the stressed cross section area is adopted, and the effect is similar to that of foot placement of a building foundation, so that chamfering design is carried out; when the passing flow rate is constant, the wet circumference of the circular section is minimum, and the smaller the wet circumference is, the smaller the circumference of the fluid in direct contact with the pipe wall is, and the friction resistance of the fluid is minimum; furthermore, round objects are easier to manufacture than other shapes; round shapes are stronger than other shapes under the action of force, so round chamfers are adopted.

The bottom of the salt discharging inspection well 10 is square or cuboid, the upper part is a cylinder, the side wall of the vertical surface of the upper part is provided with a connecting hole which is communicated with the water collecting blind ditch 9 and the salt discharging water collecting pipe 11, the salt discharging inspection well 10 is buried, the width of the bottom of the salt discharging inspection well 10 is 50-250cm, the diameter of the upper part is 40-100cm, and the whole height is 50-500 cm; the wall thickness is in the range of 0.3-15cm.

The effect verification is carried out on the shower isolation layer:

the relevant parameters of the isolation layer for experiments are as follows, and the material of the isolation layer is HDPE; the thickness of the surface layer of the plastic plate 1 connected with the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the supporting upright post 3 is 1.2mm, the plane size is 30 x 30, and the whole height is 3cm; the diameter range of the hole side length or the inscribed circle or the circumscribed circle of the first drain hole 201, the second drain hole 202 and the third drain hole 203 is 2cm; the cross section of the supporting upright post 3 is square or cuboid, the side length of the cross section is 0.3cm, and the clear height range is 3cm; the side length range of the bottom surface of the interlocking fastener 8 is 3.82cm, and the height is 3cm; the edge support bar 4 is a cuboid, and has the length of 1cm, the width of 0.3cm and the height of 3cm.

Test one: drainage flow test

The test procedure is briefly described: in combination with the technology of in-situ improvement of dredger fill into planting soil, in 2015-2017, the actual effect of salt and alkaline water removal of a plastic isolation layer is tested in a continuous indoor mode by the company, a test soil sample is taken from the dredger fill of the seashore in the Tianjin, port and east, port area in the year 2015, shell impurities are removed, and then the soil sample is fully dried through indoor ventilation and shade drying, is crushed manually and passes through a 2mm standard test sieve, and the total salt content of the soil sample is measured:

1.31%, pH value: 8.54, and then uniformly mixing the mixture with desulfurized gypsum powder with the volume of 5% of the soil for standby; the water for leaching is city pipeline running water. The test was designed as three replicates, 1 control, and the test apparatus was 4 cubic containers of length x width x height 1m x 1.2m, and numbers SY1-1, SY1-2, SY1-3, CK-1 were assigned to the upper left of each container. The opening hole sizes of three experimental containers of SY1-1, SY1-2 and SY1-3 are consistent with the cross section size of a plastic blind ditch, and the opening hole sizes of the CK-1 experimental containers are consistent with the cross section size of a blind pipe. The plastic shower isolating layers and the plastic blind ditches are respectively arranged at the bottoms of three containers with the numbers SY1-1, SY1-2 and SY1-3 and are mutually inserted and spliced to form a whole, wherein one side end of the blind ditch is inserted from a reserved opening position of the container, then a drainage catheter is arranged at an opening position of the outer wall of the container, a water collecting barrel is placed under the opening position of the outer wall of the container, and then water-permeable non-woven fabrics and 1m thick soil for the experiment are paved above the plastic shower isolating layers in the container from bottom to top in sequence.

Except that a concealed pipe is arranged at the central line position of the inner bottom of the cube container, the end head of the concealed pipe is tightly plugged, the other end head is inserted into the reserved opening position, a drainage catheter is arranged, a water collecting barrel is arranged right below the drainage catheter, and a crushed stone chip shower layer with the thickness of 0.15m is fully laid on the water collecting barrel, and the water collecting barrel is the same as the experimental group. Respectively carrying out 3 times of equivalent water filling and leaching on the soil body in the experimental container by combining with the experimental design, periodically detecting the content of the soluble salt related ion indexes in the soil body, periodically collecting and measuring the volume of the discharged saline-alkali water, and carrying out related data summary statistical analysis; finally, the appearance of the plastic isolation laminated structure is subjected to preliminary analysis.

And (3) measuring and analyzing the rate of discharged saline-alkali water:

and (3) water is used for washing salt for three times in the initial stage of the test, and after the content of the soluble salt in the experimental soil to be detected and the pH value reach the soil quality requirement for greening, the outdoor green land irrigation and the weather precipitation are simulated according to the soil dry and wet conditions to irrigate the soil in the experimental container. The water is used for 3 times of irrigation, the annual irrigation quantity is 1.3t/m < 2 >, the irrigation is divided into 11 times, and the water quantity and the times of SY1-1, SY1-2, SY1-3 and CK-1 are the same. The rate of discharging the saline alkali water from the CK-1 relative to the SY1-1, SY1-2 and SY1-3 in the previous three water filling processes is not obviously different; in the experimental period and the later period, especially in the experimental period, the difference of the alkali brine discharging rate of the CK-1 relative to the SY1-1, SY1-2 and SY1-3 is very obvious, the average alkali brine discharging rate of the SY1-1, SY1-2 and SY1-3 is 1.23-1.40 times of that of the CK-1, and no obvious difference exists among the SY1-1, SY1-2 and SY 1-3.

The drainage ventilation gap of the gravel waste isolation layer of the control group is smaller, as a small amount of fine soil particles which certainly penetrate through non-woven fabrics and enter the gravel waste isolation layer to gather and adhere to the surface of the gravel waste particles, along with the gradual increase of leaching and irrigation times, a certain amount of fine soil particles can move along with the flow of fine water entering the gravel waste isolation layer to the middle lower part of the gravel waste isolation layer, under the blocking influence of the gravel waste particles and air, the flow rate and the flow of fine water flow are dispersed in the horizontal direction to the periphery, the downward power of the fine water flow is gradually weakened, and the fine soil particles in certain amount can gather into relatively larger mud masses to adhere to the periphery of the gravel waste isolation layer, so that the drainage ventilation gap of the gravel waste isolation layer is blocked, and the rate of the discharged saline-alkali water is reduced; from this it can be deduced that: the principle of the stone chip isolation layer is that salt and alkali water are discharged by utilizing the non-caking property among particles and adopting gaps among the particles, in the actual greening engineering, the foundation below the stone chip isolation layer is generally soil, the annual change impression of the buried depth of underground water is larger, although the stone chip isolation layer is compacted and rolled, the foundation soil below the stone chip isolation layer is soaked in the process of salt and alkali water discharge of the isolation layer, the air flow of underground soil is poor, the air humidity of the soil below the soil is high, no light exists, the temperature is basically kept within a certain numerical range, and the change is not great. Therefore, the drying is not easy to recover, and the particles at the lower part of the shower layer are easy to enter the underlying soil at the lower part for a long time, so that the thickness of the shower layer is thinned, the drainage space is reduced, and the later-stage brine and alkali drainage rate is obviously reduced compared with the initial stage of construction.

The service life of the permanent green land is generally not less than 20 years, even if the later transformation is improved, the permanent green land is only limited to the transformation of the micro-topography of the earth surface and the rearrangement of soft and hard landscapes on the earth, and the transformation of the basic salt-discharging and sprinkling-isolating layer part is not generally involved, so that the service life is prolonged, and the safety can be ensured by fully considering the method that the paving thickness of the sprinkling-isolating layer needs to be increased when the traditional rubble chip sprinkling-isolating layer design is adopted for ensuring the quality of the greening landscape stable for a long time. The method can ensure the long-term landscape quality, but improves the construction cost of the shower-proof layer, so that the method is not reimbursed.

Analysis of soluble salt index:

after 2 years of indoor test, SY1-1, SY1-2 and SY1-3 are repeated, the content of soluble salt in the soil body above the plastic isolation layer is reduced to 0.1% -0.2%, the soluble salt in the soil body is distributed in a gradient manner from top to bottom in the soil body of 0-1m during the test, and the soil layer of 0-0.2m on the earth surface has no salt precipitation accumulation phenomenon and the soil layer of 0.8-1.0m has no obvious salt precipitation. The CK-1 is particularly obvious in that cohesive salt is in the soil range of 0.1-0.2m in the soil layer above the gravel chip leaching layer;

analyzing the reason: the drainage ventilation gap of the stone chip isolation layer of the control group is smaller, the soil capillary force is enhanced after the control group is blocked by a certain amount of fine soil particles in the later period, the soluble salt in the soil body below the control group rises to the soil layer in the range of 0.1-0.2m along with the upper isolation layer capillary force, if the salt is not irrigated and washed in time, the whole upper layer of paved soil layer is possibly subjected to secondary salinization. In addition, in the actual greening engineering, salt removal and isolation drenching layers and lower soil can be greatly influenced by the annual buried depth change of underground water, and further research and analysis are needed in the aspect.

And (5) primarily analyzing the appearance of the plastic shower-proof structure. After the test is carried out for three years, the structure is free from deformation by visual inspection, the appearance size of the test device is measured by using a tool after the test device is removed, the structure plate body is free from crack and warpage, and the middle supporting upright post and the edge supporting bar are free from bending. Therefore, the strength, the rigidity and the stability of the plastic isolation layer are deduced to be good. The structure has large bearing pressure, good mechanical property and high universality, and completely meets the actual greening engineering requirements.

Because the device is produced in batch in a factory, the device can be quickly assembled by a small number of workers on a construction site, and the construction quality is easy to ensure; the device adopts high-density polyethylene material, once takes shape, ageing-resistant, soaking-resistant, and displacement is reliable and stable, and difficult jam.

And (2) testing II: compressive Strength test

The main test instrument equipment is as follows: WDN-600 multifunctional comprehensive mechanical testing machine, the precision requirement is + -0.5%. The sample size is 300mm 30mm plastic spacer, and the total is 3 blocks.

Test procedure

Referring to standard test method for compression resistance of hard plastics, ASTM D695-2010, the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the plastic product in use is the main compression direction, so that the compression test in the vertical direction is carried out on the plastic laminated structure. Firstly, placing the plastic laminated sample on a test bed in parallel with the front direction upwards, then applying load, setting the test speed to be 1.3mm/min, and recording the damage load of the sample.

(4) Test results

Respectively obtaining load values of compression tests of the plastic isolation laminated sample, and substituting test data into a compression strength calculation formula

Wherein:

σ _{pressure max} -compressive strength (MPa) of the test specimen;

p _max -a breaking load (N) under test conditions of the sample;

b-pressed face width (mm);

l-compression face length (mm);

as shown by the test result of the compressive property of the plate, the compressive strength of the plastic laminated layer perpendicular to the plate surface is 1120KPa, which is far higher than the highest compressive strength value 400KPa of the existing drain plate, and the compressive strength is 2.8 times of that of the existing drain plate.

The porosity of the structure is about 96% through calculation, the drainage space is large, and the drainage requirement of the storm in the century is met. The test shows that the invention has the following physical properties: the test shows that the invention has the following physical properties: the compressive strength 1120KPa is 2.8 times of that of a common plastic drain board, and the pressure resistance advantage is obvious.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a coastal saline and alkaline area separates layer with falling drainage and drenches its characterized in that: comprises a plurality of bodies connected with each other;

the front surface and the back surface of the body are respectively provided with a drain hole which does not penetrate through the body; the centers of the drain holes on the back face are positioned on the positions corresponding to the back face of the geometric centers formed by a plurality of drain holes adjacent to the front face which are connected with the centers;

the body is a plastic plate (1);

the shape of the drain hole is one of regular octagon, round, square or rectangle;

the front surface of the plastic plate (1) is provided with a regular octagonal first water drain hole (201); the back surface is provided with regular octagon second drain holes (202), the peripheral edge of the back surface of the plastic plate (1) is provided with third drain holes (203), and four corners of the back surface of the plastic plate (1) are provided with fourth drain holes (204); the first drain hole (201) and the second drain hole (202) are equal in size;

the centers of the regular octagon second water discharge holes (202) on the back of the plastic plate (1) are positioned on the back positions corresponding to the geometric centers formed by four regular octagon first water discharge holes (201) adjacent to the front of the plastic plate;

the peripheral edges of the back surface of the plastic plate (1) are provided with edge support bars (4); the distance between the support bars (4) at the same side edge is equal to the diameter length of the inscribed circle of the first water discharge hole (201);

the edge support bar (4) is connected with the adjacent first water discharge hole (201), the third water discharge hole (203) and the fourth water discharge hole (204); the upper part of the edge support bar (4) is connected with the outermost side of the first row of water discharge holes (201) on the front surface of the plastic plate (1), and the lower part of the edge support bar (4) is connected with the bottom plate on the back surface of the plastic plate (1).

2. The drainage separator for a coastal saline area according to claim 1, wherein: the four sides of the body are provided with clamping grooves (5) on two opposite sides, and the other two corresponding sides are provided with cutting bars (6), and the clamping grooves (5) are connected with the cutting bars (6) at corresponding positions when the bodies are connected with each other;

the front and the back of the body are adhered with water-permeable non-woven fabrics (7).

3. The drainage separator for a coastal saline area according to claim 1, wherein: the first row and the first row of supporting columns (3) around the plastic plate (1) are connected with the adjacent first water drain holes (201), second water drain holes (202) and third water drain holes (203);

the other support upright posts (3) are connected with the adjacent first water discharge holes (201) and the adjacent second water discharge holes (202).

4. The drainage separator for a coastal saline area according to claim 1, wherein: the fourth water discharge holes (204) corresponding to four corners of the plastic plate (1) are groove structures which are not penetrated through the plastic plate (1) on the back surface;

when the plastic plate (1) is in butt joint, four closely attached fourth water draining holes (204) on the back surface are in mutual engagement connection with the interlocking fastener (8).

5. The drainage and water lowering shower separator for a coastal saline area of claim 4, wherein: the plastic plate (1) and the interlocking fastener (8) are made of HDPE or PVC or PP materials;

the thickness range of the surface layer of the plastic plate (1) connected with the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the supporting upright post (3) is 0.7-5mm, the plane dimensions are 30 x 30, 40 x 40, 50 x 50 and 100 x 100cm, and the whole height range is 0.24-20cm;

the diameter range of the hole side length or the inscribed circle or the circumscribed circle of the first water discharge hole (201), the second water discharge hole (202) and the third water discharge hole (203) is 0.5 cm to 10cm;

the cross section of the supporting upright post (3) is square or cuboid, the side length of the cross section is in the range of 0.2-2cm, and the clear height is in the range of 0.24-20cm;

the side length of the bottom surface of the interlocking fastener (8) is 2-20cm, and the height is 0.24-20cm; the edge support bar (4) is cuboid or square, the length range is 0.5-20cm, the width range is 0.2-2cm, and the height range is 0.24-20cm.

6. The salt system is arranged in coastal saline and alkaline area, its characterized in that: comprising a drainage separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The utility model provides a coastal saline and alkaline area is with hidden pipe row saline and alkaline system which characterized in that: comprising a drainage barrier as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, a water collection blind ditch (9) and a salt drainage manhole (10);

the longitudinal section of the water collecting blind ditch (9) is arched; and the bottom feet of the two sides at the lower part of the longitudinal section are rounded; the two sides of the water collecting blind ditch (9) are provided with water collecting holes and cutting (6), the cutting (6) is connected with the body of the shower isolation layer in a clamping way, the adjacent plastic water collecting blind ditches (9) are connected in a socket joint way, the shape width range of the longitudinal section is 5-30cm, the height range is 5-30cm, and the wall thickness range is 0.2-2cm; and the ratio of the height f of the arched portion to the length L of the bottom thereof is 1:2.

8. The concealed conduit saline and alkaline removal system for a coastal saline and alkaline area of claim 7, wherein: the bottom of the salt discharging inspection well (10) is square or cuboid, the upper part is a cylinder, the side wall of the vertical surface of the salt discharging inspection well is provided with a connecting hole which is communicated with the water collecting blind ditch (9) and the salt discharging water collecting pipe (11), the salt discharging inspection well (10) is buried, the bottom is square or cuboid, the width range of the salt discharging inspection well is 50-250cm, the diameter range of the upper part is 40-100cm, and the whole height range is 50-500 cm; the wall thickness is 0.3-15cm; the water collecting blind ditch (9) is made of HDPE or PVC or PP material, and the salt discharging inspection well (10) is made of HDPE or PVC or PP material or reinforced concrete or glass fiber reinforced plastic material.

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