CN107841257B - 一种多功能绝缘防水胶带 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种多功能绝缘防水胶带，属于防水绝缘材料领域。胶带由具有双面粘性的一体式胶层与防粘隔离层组成，隔离层紧密贴合于胶层的上下表面。胶层呈平面薄带状，宽度略窄于隔离层。该胶带结构简单，可牢固粘接于各种常规或异形器件的复杂表面，经常温湿气固化后具备阻燃、耐磨、抗老化、防水、绝缘等多种功能，能够为电子电气、电网通讯等设备设施提供可靠的防潮密封保护。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种多功能绝缘防水胶带，属于防水绝缘材料领域。
背景技术
胶带作为日常生活和工作中常见的固定、粘接、密封工具之一，按功效可细分为绝缘型、阻燃型、防水型、耐温型、压敏型等。传统形式的胶带多呈卷状，以无纺布、纤维织物、塑料薄膜等作为基体，表面涂覆粘合剂，其功能相对单一，应用范围受限，高温受热或潮湿环境下可能出现开胶、脱落。
专利CN104263265、CN105585970 、CN105647419各提出了一种耐压绝缘胶带，可用于对电气设备的介电防护，胶带均由三层不同属性的材料简单复合而成，层间难以密实贴合，若存在微小孔隙，长期使用时可能存在受潮、进水隐患。专利CN102994001虽获得了一类具有高防水性能的双面胶带，但泡棉基体力学强度过低，容易被尖锐物体划伤或穿刺。
专利CN102994000展示了一款耐磨绝缘防水胶带，拥有较好的防磨损特性，基材以亚克力橡胶、聚氨酯为主，受材料特性的制约，耐候、抗紫外老化性能偏低。专利CN105647407则公布了一种由乙丙橡胶、胶泥、离型纸组成的电缆用绝缘防水胶带，该发明结构简单，防潮及抗酸碱性能良好，但受流动性、操作空间、器件外形等限制，胶泥在橡胶基层拉伸过程中未必能够完全填充至电缆护套的每一处缝隙，且胶泥仅以物理封堵形式密封，粘结强度有限，在极端环境下存在硬化开裂风险。
发明内容
本发明主要针对当前传统胶带功能及形式单一、粘接力不足、绝缘防水等级偏低，容易因水汽渗入导致漏电或信号干扰，难以适应复杂应用环境等缺陷，目的之一在于提供一种阻燃、耐候、耐热、耐磨、环保等综合属性优良，对各种常规或异形器件的复杂表面具有良好从形能力、可化学反应固化粘接的多功能绝缘防水胶带。
本发明第二个目的在于提供一种所述多功能绝缘防水胶带的成分搭配。
本发明涉及的一种多功能绝缘防水胶带由具有双面粘性的一体式有机硅胶层与防粘隔离层组成，隔离层紧密贴合于胶层的上下表面，胶层呈平面薄带状，宽度略窄于隔离层；所述防粘隔离层为纸张或高分子薄膜，纸张或高分子薄膜表面经含氟物质、硅油、防静电液等防粘处理，具有低离型力、可快速剥离特性。
所述的一种多功能绝缘防水胶带保存时需完全隔离湿气，实际使用时揭除防粘隔离层后，胶层能够牢固粘接于各种常规或异形器件的复杂表面，可在常温下与空气中的水分缓慢反应，逐渐固化成弹性体，从而具备阻燃、耐热、耐磨、抗老化、防水、绝缘等多种功能。
本发明提供的一种多功能绝缘防水胶带包含有不同粘度端羟基硅橡胶、补强填料等组分，按重量计，端羟基硅橡胶60～90份、高苯基MQ树脂10～40份，固化剂2～6份、偶联剂1～4份、催干剂1～3份、补强填料10～50份、耐磨填料10～30份、阻燃剂20～35份、存储稳定剂1～5份、着色颜料1～3份、耐热填料3～5份。
相对于现有产品及技术，本发明优势在于：
1. 本发明提供的绝缘防水胶带上下表面贴附有防粘隔离层，隔离层能有效防止胶层间的相互粘连，现场使用时可完整揭除，不存在传统胶带难解卷、易劈叉等缺陷。
2. 本发明提供的绝缘防水胶带具有双面粘性，且长宽边、正反面各相同性，对各种常规或异形器件的复杂表面从形能力良好，无需拉伸或使用特殊工具，适合狭小空间自由、快速作业；一体式胶层结构完全避免了层间缝隙问题，反应组分在常温下与空气中的水汽接触即可逐渐固化成弹性体，从而实现施工后期免维护。
3. 本发明提供的绝缘防水胶带具备阻燃、耐热、耐磨、抗老化、防水、绝缘等多种功能，粘接密封可靠，符合水下使用要求；尺寸稳定性良好，低温不变硬，高温不流胶，可全天候施工，南北方通用。
4. 本发明提供的绝缘防水胶带原料绿色环保、来源广泛，配方简单，各组分兼容性好，生产设备通用性高，100%固含，制备和使用过程中无有毒、有害、挥发性物质排放，符合欧盟Reach指令对禁用物质的限值要求。
基于以上特性，该胶带在电力电网、电子电气设施设备的防水防潮、密封绝缘等领域有着较广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为多功能绝缘防水胶带结构示意图，图中1为防粘隔离层，2为胶层。
图2为多功能绝缘防水胶带对某通讯设备的现场包覆效果。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步阐述说明，但本发明的保护范围不局限于如下实施例。
实施例一：
一种多功能绝缘防水胶带由有机硅胶层与防粘隔离层组成，隔离层基材为经含氟物质改性处理的PET薄膜，其紧密贴合于硅胶层的上下表面，硅胶层由以下重量份的原料制成：端羟基硅胶（运动粘度η＝3000000cst）15份，端羟基硅胶（运动粘度η＝80000cst）65份，高苯基MQ树脂20份，气相二氧化硅30份，超细刚玉粉末15份，十溴二苯乙烷阻燃剂25份， 纳米二氧化钛5份，苯基三乙氧基硅烷5份，KH791偶联剂2份，T-12催干剂2.5份，六甲基二硅氮烷3份，着色炭黑2份。
该有机硅胶层与防粘隔离膜可快速、完整剥离，常温湿气固化后，经检测，具备如下综合性能：
邵氏硬度70A，粘接强度2.1Mpa，拉伸断裂强度3.2Mpa，延展率460%，电击穿强度23kV/mm，UL-V1级阻燃，IPx8级防水，可在150℃下长期使用， 2000h紫外加速老化无硬化开裂，符合Reach指令对禁用物质的限值要求。
实施例二：
一种多功能绝缘防水胶带由有机硅胶层与防粘隔离层组成，隔离层为纸质并以硅油处理，其紧密贴合于硅胶层的上下表面，硅胶层由以下重量份的原料制成：端羟基硅胶（运动粘度η＝2000000cst）10份，端羟基硅胶（运动粘度η＝100000cst）80份，高苯基MQ树脂10份，气相二氧化硅25份，超细活性碳酸钙粉末12份，超细玻璃粉末18份，三聚氰胺多聚磷酸酯27份，纳米氧化铈6份，二甲基二乙氧基硅烷6份，KH560偶联剂2份，T-9催干剂3.1份，四甲基二乙烯基二硅氮烷2份，绝缘炭黑2.5份。
该有机硅胶层与防粘隔离膜可快速、完整剥离，常温湿气固化后，经检测，具备如下综合性能：
邵氏硬度59A，粘接强度1.8Mpa，拉伸断裂强度2.6Mpa，延展率520%，电击穿强度20kV/mm，UL-V1级阻燃，IPx8级防水，可在150℃下长期使用， 1008h紫外加速老化无硬化开裂，符合Reach指令对禁用物质的限值要求。
对比例一：
一种多功能绝缘防水胶带由有机硅胶层与防粘隔离层组成，隔离层为普通PET薄膜，其紧密贴合于硅胶层的上下表面，硅胶层由以下重量份的原料制成：端羟基硅胶（运动粘度η＝450000cst）100份，气相二氧化硅15份，超细活性碳酸钙粉末35份，三氧化二锑粉末15份，甲基三乙氧基硅烷5份，二丁基二醋酸锡1.9份，三苯基硅醇1.5份，着色炭黑1.8份。
该有机硅胶层与防粘隔离膜难以完整剥离，常温湿气固化后，经检测，具备如下综合性能：
邵氏硬度28A，粘接强度0.9Mpa，拉伸断裂强度1.3Mpa，延展率375%，电击穿强度9kV/mm，UL-V2级阻燃，IPx6级防水，1008h紫外加速老化出现局部裂纹。
Claims (5)
1.一种多功能绝缘防水胶带，其特征在于，所述胶带由具有双面粘性的一体式胶层与防粘隔离层组成，防粘隔离层紧密贴合于胶层的上下表面，胶层呈平面薄带状，宽度略窄于防粘隔离层；
其中，胶层包含按重量份计的以下原料：
运动粘度3000000cst的端羟基硅胶15份，运动粘度80000cst的端羟基硅胶65份，高苯基MQ树脂20份，气相二氧化硅30份，超细刚玉粉末15份，十溴二苯乙烷阻燃剂25份，纳米二氧化钛5份，苯基三乙氧基硅烷5份，KH791偶联剂2份，T-12催干剂2.5份，六甲基二硅氮烷3份，着色炭黑2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能绝缘防水胶带，其特征在于，所述胶带保存时需完全隔离湿气。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能绝缘防水胶带，其特征在于，所述防粘隔离层为纸张或高分子薄膜，纸张或高分子薄膜表面经含氟物质、硅油、防静电液防粘处理，具有低离型力、可快速剥离特性。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能绝缘防水胶带，其特征在于，使用时揭除防粘隔离层后，所述胶层能够牢固粘接于各种常规或异形器件的复杂表面，常温下即可与空气中的水汽缓慢反应，逐渐固化成弹性体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能绝缘防水胶带，其特征在于，所述胶层固化后具备阻燃、耐热、耐磨、抗老化、防水、绝缘多种功能。
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