CN107828480B - 一种高性能合成型助力转向油组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高性能合成型助力转向油组合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107828480B
CN107828480B CN201711033781.4A CN201711033781A CN107828480B CN 107828480 B CN107828480 B CN 107828480B CN 201711033781 A CN201711033781 A CN 201711033781A CN 107828480 B CN107828480 B CN 107828480B
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杨操
严军表
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Jiangsu Lopal Tech Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高性能合成型助力转向油组合物及其制备方法，该组合物包括如下重量百分比的组分：粘度指数改进剂10～15％、无灰液压油复合剂0.5～1.5％、抗磨剂0.05％～1.0％、金属减活剂0.05～0.5％、抗氧剂0.3～0.5％、抗泡剂0.01～0.06％、油溶绿0.006～0.012％及基础油余量；其中，基础油中氢化聚癸烯的含量≥65％。本发明的优点是制得的助力转向油组合物具有超高的粘度指数和出色低温流动性、优良的氧化稳定性和抗磨性；且制备工艺简单，便于工业化生产。

Description

一种高性能合成型助力转向油组合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于润滑油领域，具体涉及一种高性能合成型助力转向油组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
汽车动力转向器用以将发动机输出的部分机械能转化为压力能，为驾驶员在转向过程中提供助动力，以降低其在转向动作中的体力消耗。目前汽车上配置的助力转向系统大致可以分为三类：(1)机械式液压动力转向系统；(2)电子液压助力转向系统；(3)电动助力转向系统。其中，液压助力转向系统的优点在于可提升车辆的舒适性和安全性，车轮的剧烈跳动和遇到坑洼路面导致轮胎出现非自主的转向时，通过液压对活塞的作用能够很好的缓冲和吸收震动，使传递到方向盘上的震动大大减少；同时这种结构还可以提升安全性，比如使用传统齿轮齿条机构的车辆在转向时轮胎遇到坑洼突然变向，齿条会带动齿轮使方向盘反转，出现“打手”的情况，很容易使驾驶者的手部受到伤害，在液压助力的车辆上就不会有这样的问题。因此，一般经济型轿车上大多使用的是机械液压助力系统。
助力转向油是汽车助力转向泵里面用的一种特殊液体，在汽车转向系统中起着传递动力传递介质的重要作用。在车辆行驶过程中，助力转向泵大都处在工作状态，而且工作环境温度变化很大，要求助力转向油具有优异的低温流动性、高温抗氧化性和抗磨性。目前，国内外对助力转向液还没有统一的规格要求，车辆助力转向系统在用油方面以6#液力传动液、ATF-3自动传动液为主。由于这些油品的低温动力粘度较大，-40℃布氏粘度高达20000mPa.s，在冬天或北方地区油品的低温流动性差，导致转向时感觉比较沉重，甚至困难。此外，助力转向系统中的转向泵功率小，若油品的低温流动性差，会导致能耗大，泵磨损严重，影响使用寿命等。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的在于提供一种具有超高的粘度指数、出色的低温流动性、优异的抗磨性能和良好的抗泡性的高性能合成型助力转向油组合物；本发明的第二目的是提供该助力转向油组合物的制备方法。
技术方案：一种高性能合成型助力转向油组合物，该组合物包括如下重量百分比的组分：粘度指数改进剂10～15％、无灰液压油复合剂0.5～1.5％、抗磨剂0.05％～1.0％、金属减活剂0.05～0.5％、抗氧剂0.3～0.5％、抗泡剂0.01～0.06％、油溶绿0.006～0.012％及基础油余量；其中，基础油中氢化聚癸烯的含量≥65％。
其中，其余的基础油可以用三类加氢基础油补足。所述氢化聚癸烯中氢化癸烯二聚体的含量不小于90％；本发明采用聚丙烯酸酯型粘指剂作为粘度指数改进剂；其中，优选聚丙烯酸酯型粘指剂的重均分子量为50000～200000，如Viscoplex7-310、Viscoplex7-300或Viscoplex 7-305，该基础油与粘度指数改进剂相配合使转向油组合物具有超高的粘度指数和出色的低温流动性。
本发明采用HITEC 543或ADDTIN RC9300作为无灰液压油复合剂，具有优异的抗磨性及相溶性。
本发明采用的抗磨剂为磷酸三甲酚酯、亚甲基-双-二烷基硫代氨基甲酸酯、胺中和脂族醇的磷酸酯中至少一种。
优选的，金属减活剂为苯三唑衍生物或噻二唑衍生物。其中苯三唑衍生物为甲基苯三唑或苯并三唑；噻二唑衍生物为2-巯基苯并噻唑或2,5-双(辛基二硫代)噻二唑。
本发明采用的抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、苯基-α-萘胺、烷基二苯胺中至少一种；所述抗泡剂聚二甲基硅氧烷或丙烯酸酯消泡剂。
本发明制得的助力转向油100℃运动粘度为5.5～6.5mm2/s，且粘度指数不小于300，-40℃布氏粘度不大于1500mPa.s。
本发明制备助力转向油组合物的方法为：按质量百分比将各原料混合即可制得。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下显著优点：(1)本发明的转向油组合物具有超高的粘度指数和出色低温流动性，本发明的产品采用优质的基础油和特殊结构的粘度指数改进剂，两者组合后粘度指数高达300以上，且-40℃布氏粘度不大于1500mPa.s，确保助力转向油在极低温度下具有良好的流动性和泵送性，降低转向泵的能量损失，提高转向效率和转向灵活度；相比之下，现有技术中助力转向油的粘度指数如ATF-3为170，-40℃布氏粘度为16000mPa.s。(2)本发明产品具有优良的氧化稳定性和抗磨性，合理利用金属减活剂、抗磨剂及抗氧化剂之间的协同效应，在提高油品的抗磨性能时，有效解决添加剂对铜的腐蚀，抑制金属及金属离子对油品的催化氧化作用，并在较少的加剂总量前提下保证油品具有较高的极压抗磨性和高温抗氧性，TOST氧化寿命时间达5000h以上，旋转氧弹时间长达400min以上，大大延长了油品的使用寿命。(3)本发明的制备工艺简单，便于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明，实施例中所涉及的原料若无特殊说明，均为市场所售。
实施例1
将各原料组分按质量百分比调和而成，各原料组分及质量百分比详见表1，制得的助力转向油组合物的主要性能指标详见表2。
实施例2
将各原料组分按质量百分比调和而成，各原料组分及质量百分比详见表1，制得的助力转向油组合物的主要性能指标详见表2。
实施例3
将各原料组分按质量百分比调和而成，各原料组分及质量百分比详见表1，制得的助力转向油组合物的主要性能指标详见表2。
实施例4
将各原料组分按质量百分比调和而成，各原料组分及质量百分比详见表1，制得的助力转向油组合物的主要性能指标详见表2。
实施例5
将各原料组分按质量百分比调和而成，各原料组分及质量百分比详见表1，制得的助力转向油组合物的主要性能指标详见表2。
表1各实施例的原料组分及质量百分比
Figure BDA0001449942560000031
Figure BDA0001449942560000041
表2各实施例油品的性能指标数据
Figure BDA0001449942560000042
对比例1
为了验证基础油中氢化聚癸烯的含量小于65％时的对比试验，现基于实施例1设计5组平行试验，基础油中氢化聚癸烯的重量百分比分别为50％、60％、65％、80％、100％，制得的助力转向油组合物的主要性能指标详见表3。
表3对比例1中油品的性能指标数据
Figure BDA0001449942560000043
Figure BDA0001449942560000051
结论：从上表中的数据可以看出，实施例1～5中，采用优质的基础油和特殊结构的粘度指数改进剂组合时，粘度指数高达300以上，且-40℃布氏粘度不大于1500mPa.s，确保助力转向油在极低温度下具有良好的流动性和泵送性，降低转向泵的能量损失，提高转向效率和转向灵活度。本发明中聚丙烯酸酯型粘指剂的重量百分比为10～15％，不在改范围内的话，100℃运动粘度和40℃运动粘度均达不到要求。通过合理利用金属减活剂、抗磨剂及抗氧化剂之间的协同效应，在提高油品的抗磨性能时，有效解决添加剂对铜的腐蚀，抑制金属及金属离子对油品的催化氧化作用，并在较少的加剂总量前提下保证油品具有较高的极压抗磨性和高温抗氧性，旋转氧弹时间长达400min以上，大大延长了油品的使用寿命。
对比例1-1和对比例1-2中，当基础油中氢化聚癸烯的重量百分比小于65％时，制得的助力转向油的粘度指数小于300，低温布氏粘度和倾点都增大，导致产品的低温性能大幅度降低，油品在极端低温条件下的的流动性和泵送性会变差，增大转向泵的能量损失，使得转向效率和转向灵活度下降。因此，为确保产品能够满足极端低温工况下的使用要求，基础油中氢化聚癸烯的含量不得低于65％，当氢化聚癸烯的含量从65％上升至100％时，产品性能也逐渐提高。
由此可知，本发明制备的转向油组合物具有优良的氧化稳定性、超高的粘度指数、出色的低温流动性、优异的抗磨性能和良好的抗泡性能。

Claims (8)

1.一种高性能合成型助力转向油组合物，其特征在于包括如下重量百分比的组分：粘度指数改进剂10～15％、无灰液压油复合剂0.5～1.5％、抗磨剂0.05％～1.0％、金属减活剂0.05～0.5％、抗氧剂0.3～0.5％、抗泡剂0.01～0.06％、油溶绿0.006～0.012％及基础油余量；其中，基础油中氢化聚癸烯的含量≥65％；所述粘度指数改进剂为聚丙烯酸酯型粘指剂；所述聚丙烯酸酯型粘指剂的重均分子量为50000～200000。
2.根据权利要求1所述的助力转向油组合物，其特征在于：所述氢化聚癸烯中氢化癸烯二聚体的含量≥90％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的助力转向油组合物，其特征在于：所述聚丙烯酸酯型粘指剂为Viscoplex 7-310、Viscoplex 7-300或Viscoplex 7-305。
4.根据权利要求1所述的助力转向油组合物，其特征在于：所述无灰液压油复合剂为HITEC 543或ADDTIN RC9300。
5.根据权利要求1所述的助力转向油组合物，其特征在于：所述抗磨剂为磷酸三甲酚酯、亚甲基-双-二烷基硫代氨基甲酸酯、胺中和脂族醇的磷酸酯中至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的助力转向油组合物，其特征在于：所述金属减活剂为苯三唑衍生物或噻二唑衍生物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的助力转向油组合物，其特征在于：所述抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、苯基-α-萘胺、烷基二苯胺中至少一种；所述抗泡剂聚二甲基硅氧烷或丙烯酸酯消泡剂。
8.一种制备权利要求1所述助力转向油组合物的方法，其特征在于：按质量百分比将各原料混合即得。
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