CN107821154A - A kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection - Google Patents
A kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection.This method is to be heeled in cane seedlings after hole tray, treat that it grows into 7~8 true leaves, the sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension prepared is sprayed on cane seedlings lobus cardiacus, build Small plastic shed, keep humidity and temperature in canopy, the film on Small plastic shed is raised after 3 days, incidence is investigated after 15 days, filters out anti-sugarcane top rot new varieties.The present invention reaches the effect of stress cane seedlings, susceptible seedling individual plant and a large amount of susceptible cross combinations is eliminated, so as to which preliminary screening goes out cross combination and the individual plant of anti-top rot by being inoculated with top rot pathogen；This method changes the anti-top rot selection of traditional cane seedlings, and morbidity is notable, workable, shortens the breeding time limit of the anti-sugarcane top rot new varieties of seed selection, improves breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sugarcane crosses seed selection field, is specifically related to anti-top rot sugarcane crosses seed selection side
Method.
Background technology
Sugarcane top rot (Pokkah Boeng Disease) is by sickle-like bacteria (Gibberella fujikuroi Saw.)
A kind of caused fungal disease.The disease is found in Java earliest, then rapid to propagate, at present almost throughout all sugarcane productions
State and area, have evolved into a kind of worldwide fungal disease.Sugarcane top rot pathogen mainly travels to sugarcane by air-flow
Lobus cardiacus, which infects, causes harm, and causes blade dead, and plant strain growth is obstructed, and can seriously cause plant dead, cause sugarcane underproduction 5%-
20%, cane sugar reduces by 3%, is influenceed to caused by susceptible sugar cane breed more notable.There is hair in each sugarcane production area of China
Raw top rot harm, in recent years, sugarcane top rot presents the trend gradually aggravated in the vast sugarcane district in China, is sent out through investigation
Existing, there is large area top rot and endanger phenomenon, serious shadow in nearly several squeezing season Nanning, Liuzhou, rivers and ponds, guest and Chongzuo Deng Shu areas
This season sugarcane yield and multitudinous sugar have been rung, has hindered the sustainable development of sugarcane industry.
At present, it is exactly to plant disease-resistant variety to prevent and treat the most economical effective method of sugarcane top rot, but due to long-term large area
ROC22 is planted, single varieties, kind sexual involution is serious, is tended to be intensification by top rot harm, urgent need selects anti-top rot sugarcane
New varieties substitute ROC22.In China, the basic research of sugarcane breeding for disease resistance is also very weak, mainly using traditional " five gardens "
Breeding method processed, the plant of sense top rot is eliminated by field natural infection method, its breeding cycle length, it is rotten to select an anti-tip
Sick kind at least needs more than 8 years, and mortality is high, and most of material is finally accredited as feeling top rot strain, wastes a large amount of
Manpower and materials, Breeding Efficiency are very low.Therefore, anti-top rot Breeding Efficiency is improved, it is the anti-tip of current sugarcane to shorten the seed selection time limit
The subject matter that maize ear rot breeding faces.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection, by being inoculated with top rot cause of disease
Bacterium, reach the effect of stress cane seedlings, susceptible seedling individual plant and a large amount of susceptible cross combinations are eliminated, so as to preliminary
Filter out cross combination and the individual plant of anti-top rot；It the method overcome the seed selection cycle of traditional " five gardens " breeding method processed
It is long, efficiency is low, the shortcomings of expending a large amount of manpower and materials so that disease symptom is notable, it is workable, shorten the anti-sugarcane toppers of seed selection
The breeding time limit of maize ear rot new varieties, improve breeding efficiency.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection, comprises the following steps：
(1) cane seedlings that hybrid seed is cultivated are heeled in hole tray, treats seedling length to 7~8 true leaves；
(2) preparation of sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension：Sugarcane top rot pathogen is seeded in improvement MM culture mediums
On, cultivated in 28~30 DEG C of constant incubators, mycelia is scraped after mycelia is covered with, concentration is made as 1 × 10 with sterilized water6~1
×107Individual spore/ml sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension, it is standby；The improvement MM culture mediums include：
1. a great number of elements：NaNO32000~2500mg/L；KH2PO41000~1500mg/L；MgSO4·7H2O 500~
800mg/L；500~600mg/L of KCl；FeSO4·7H210~20mg/L of O；
2. trace element：(NH4)2Fe(SO4)22.0~2.5mg/L；CuSO40.5~0.6mg/L；MnSO40.1~
0.2mg/L。
3. other：10.0~12.0mg/L of citric acid；1~10mg/L of tetrachlorotetraiodofluorescein sodium；30~35g/L of sucrose；
20~22g/L of agar powder；Deionized water 1L；Adjust PH to 5.0~6.0.
(3) the sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension prepared is sprayed to the cane seedlings heart with 7~8 true leaves
Ye Shang, build Small plastic shed and cover film, under conditions of the seedling after holding inoculation is in hot and humid, can also prevent bacterium solution
Washed away by rainwater；The film on Small plastic shed is raised after 3 days, incidence is investigated after 15 days, is judged：1. top rot is fallen ill
Cross combination of the rate more than 25% all eliminates,
2. by the sugarcane hybrid seedling of the 10%≤top rot incidence of disease≤25%, continue observation and judge；After 20 days,
Cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease more than 25% eliminates；
3. the healthy seedling individual plant of the cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease≤10% is transplanted to field planting.
As the preferred of technical scheme, improvement MM culture mediums include in the present invention：
1. a great number of elements：NaNO32000mg/L；KH2PO41000mg/L；MgSO4·7H2O 500mg/L；KCl
500mg/L；FeSO4·7H2O 10mg/L；
2. trace element：(NH4)2Fe(SO4)22.10mg/L；CuSO40.53mg/L；MnSO40.11mg/L；
3. other：Citric acid 10.50mg/L；3~6mg/L of tetrachlorotetraiodofluorescein sodium；30~35g/L of sucrose；Agar powder
20~22g/L；Deionized water 1L；Adjust PH to 5.6.
The growth on improvement MM culture mediums of sugarcane top rot pathogen is rapid, and bacterium colony color is bright and new, is easy to observe.Added
NaNO3、KH2PO4, KCl shorten the cultivation cycle of sugarcane top rot pathogen, shift to an earlier date 1 day than traditional culture medium and cover with and be whole
Individual culture medium, while the sugarcane top rot pathogenic strains of variation can also be reduced；The tetrachlorotetraiodofluorescein sodium added, it can increase
The color and luster of bacterium colony, it is easy to see whether to pollute other fungies；The citric acid added plays a part of sterilization, prevents disease
It is contaminated in opportunistic pathogen incubation.
As the preferred of technical scheme, it is first to broadcast sowing hybrid seed in equipped with sugarcane that cane seedlings, which are heeled in before hole tray,
In the cave basin of seedling culture matrix, fully watering, culture matrix moistening is kept, seed starts rudiment emergence after 3~5 days, treats
When cane seedlings grow to 4~5 true leaves, heeled in hole tray, sugarcane seedling root is completely covered with soil, light pressure, poured
Root water is filled, is positioned in the greenhouse of sunshade net, sunshade net, morning and evening water drenching is removed after 3 days.
As the preferred of technical scheme, the inoculation method in the step (3) is spray-on process, and its spray amount is proper on lobus cardiacus
Having the globule to fall down well is advisable.
The sugarcane top rot pathogen of the present invention is seeded on improvement MM culture mediums, is cultivated 2~3 days in constant incubator
Allow for mycelia and cover with culture dish, substantially increase the efficiency of seed selection.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention changes traditional " five gardens " system and anti-top rot new variety of sugarcane side is screened by way of natural infection
Formula.The present invention is advanced by anti-top rot screening critical point, reduces the repetition plantation of a large amount of sense top rot materials, while also can be accurate
Filter out anti-top rot sugarcane line, improve Breeding Efficiency, shorten breeding cycle, saved a large amount of of manpower and materials and disappeared
Consumption.
Using the method for the present invention, it is possible to achieve the preliminary screening of 15~20 days anti-top rot sugarcane hybridization qualities, significantly
Improve Breeding Efficiency, it is ensured that the success rate of follow-up breeding.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, make further details of elaboration to the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not
It is confined to the scope of embodiment expression.
Embodiment 1
A kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection, comprises the following steps：
1st, April in spring, by sugarcane hybrid seed 1 (♀ Guangdong sugar 93-159 × ♂ Guangdong sugar 96-86) 50, sugarcane cenospecies
Sub 2 (♀ osmanthus sugar 02-761 × ♂ ROC22) 50, sugarcane hybrid seed 3 (♀ precipices city 07-65 × ♂ HOCP03-716) 50, it is sweet
Sugarcane hybrid seed 4 (♀ cloud sugarcane 07-98 × ♂ south jiangxi 05-352) 50, sugarcane hybrid seed 5 (♀ ROC22 × ♂ osmanthus sugar 92-66)
50, sugarcane hybrid seed 6 (03-1137 × ♂ Guangdong, ♀ Liuchengs sugar 91-976) 50 is divided into six groups, mixes thoroughly, makes with fine sand respectively
Seed fully scatters, and broadcasts sowing in the cave basin equipped with cane seedlings culture matrix, fully watering, keeps matrix to moisten, and 3~5
Seed starts rudiment emergence after it, and number of emerging is counted after 7 days.
2nd, when cane seedlings grow to 4~5 true leaves, heeled in hole tray, sugarcane seedling is completely covered with soil
Root, light pressure, pours root water, is positioned in the greenhouse of sunshade net, sunshade net, morning and evening water drenching are removed after 3 days.
3rd, the preparation of sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension：Sugarcane top rot pathogen is seeded in improvement MM culture mediums
On, cultivated 2 days in 28 DEG C of constant incubators, mycelia is scraped after mycelia is covered with, concentration is made as 1 × 10 with sterilized water6~1 ×
107Individual spore/ml sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension, it is standby.Improvement MM culture mediums include：
1. a great number of elements：NaNO32000mg/L；KH2PO41000mg/L；MgSO4·7H2O 500mg/L；KCl
500mg/L；FeSO4·7H2O 10mg/L；
2. trace element：(NH4)2Fe(SO4)22.10mg/L；CuSO40.53mg/L；MnSO40.11mg/L；
3. other：Citric acid 10.50mg/L；Tetrachlorotetraiodofluorescein sodium 5mg/L；Sucrose 30g/L；Agar powder 20g/L；Go
Ionized water 1L；Adjust PH to 5.6.
4th, when seedling length to 7~8 true leaves, the sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension prepared is connect with spray-on process
Plant onto cane seedlings lobus cardiacus, having the globule to fall down just with lobus cardiacus is advisable, and builds Small plastic shed with bamboo chip and covers film, keeps
Seedling after inoculation is in hot and humid environmental condition, is more beneficial for infecting for pathogen；
5th, the film on shed is raised after 3 days, preventing and treating sugarcane seedling burn seedlings is withered, normal watering management；
6th, incidence is investigated after 15 days, is judged：It is 1. cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease more than 25% is whole
Eliminate, 2. by the sugarcane hybrid seedling of the 10%≤top rot incidence of disease≤25%, continue observation and judge；After 20 days,
Cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease more than 25% eliminates；It is 3. the health of the cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease≤10% is real
Raw seedling individual plant is transplanted to field planting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection, comprises the following steps：
1st, October in autumn, sugarcane hybrid seed 7 (♀ draws in South Asia No. 8 × ♂ good fortune agriculture 02-6427) 50, sugarcane are hybridized
50, seed 8 (♀ ROC26 × ♂ good fortune agriculture 99-20169), sugarcane hybrid seed 9 (♀ Guangdong sugar 93-159 × ♂ CP67-412) 50,
Sugarcane hybrid seed 10 (♀ Guangdong sugar 93-159 × ♂ CP57-614) 50 the, (♀ CP89-2143 × ♂ Guangdong sugar of sugarcane hybrid seed 11
97-76) 50, sugarcane hybrid seed 12 (♀ Guangdong sugar 94-128 × ♂ precipice city 97-40) 50 is divided into six groups, is mixed respectively with fine sand
It is even, seed is fully scattered, broadcast sowing in the cave basin equipped with cane seedlings culture matrix, fully watering, keep matrix moistening,
Seed starts rudiment emergence after 4~5 days, and number of emerging is counted after 7 days.
2nd, when cane seedlings grow to 4~5 true leaves, heeled in hole tray, sugarcane seedling is completely covered with soil
Root, light pressure, pours root water, is positioned in the greenhouse of sunshade net, sunshade net, morning and evening water drenching are removed after 3 days；
3rd, the preparation of sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension：Sugarcane top rot pathogen is seeded in improvement MM culture mediums
On, cultivated 2 days in 29 DEG C of constant incubators, mycelia is scraped after mycelia is covered with, concentration is made as 1 × 10 with sterilized water6~1 ×
107Individual spore/ml sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension, it is standby.Improvement MM culture mediums include：
1. a great number of elements：NaNO32500mg/L；KH2PO41500mg/L；MgSO4·7H2O 800mg/L；KCl
600mg/L；FeSO4·7H2O 20mg/L；
2. trace element：(NH4)2Fe(SO4)22.50mg/L；CuSO40.60mg/L；MnSO40.20mg/L；
3. other：Citric acid 12.00mg/L；Tetrachlorotetraiodofluorescein sodium 8mg/L；Sucrose 35g/L；Agar powder 22g/L；Go
Ionized water 1L；Adjust PH to 6.0.
4th, when seedling length to 7~8 true leaves, the sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension prepared is connect with spray-on process
Plant onto cane seedlings lobus cardiacus, having the globule to fall down just with lobus cardiacus is advisable, and builds Small plastic shed with bamboo chip and covers film, keeps
Seedling after inoculation is in hot and humid environmental condition, is more beneficial for infecting for pathogen；
5th, the film on shed is raised after 3 days, preventing and treating sugarcane seedling burn seedlings is withered, normal watering management；
6th, incidence is investigated after 15 days, is judged：It is 1. cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease more than 25% is whole
Eliminate, 2. by the sugarcane hybrid seedling of the 10%≤top rot incidence of disease≤25%, continue observation and judge；After 20 days,
Cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease more than 25% eliminates；It is 3. the health of the cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease≤10% is real
Raw seedling individual plant is transplanted to field planting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection, comprises the following steps：
1st, sugarcane hybrid seed and fine sand are mixed thoroughly, seed is fully scattered, broadcasted sowing in equipped with cane seedlings culture medium
In the cave basin of matter, fully watering, matrix moistening is kept, seed starts rudiment emergence after 4~5 days, and number of emerging is counted after 7 days.
2nd, when cane seedlings grow to 4~5 true leaves, heeled in hole tray, sugarcane seedling is completely covered with soil
Root, light pressure, pours root water, is positioned in the greenhouse of sunshade net, sunshade net, morning and evening water drenching are removed after 3 days；
3rd, the preparation of sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension：Sugarcane top rot pathogen is seeded in improvement MM culture mediums
On, cultivated 3 days in 30 DEG C of constant incubators, mycelia is scraped after mycelia is covered with, concentration is made as 1 × 10 with sterilized water6~1 ×
107Individual spore/ml sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension, it is standby.Improvement MM culture mediums include：
1. a great number of elements：NaNO32200mg/L；KH2PO41200mg/L；MgSO4·7H2O 600mg/L；KCl
550mg/L；FeSO4·7H2O 15mg/L；
2. trace element：(NH4)2Fe(SO4)22.00mg/L；CuSO40.50mg/L；MnSO40.15mg/L；
3. other：Citric acid 11.00mg/L；Tetrachlorotetraiodofluorescein sodium 8mg/L；Sucrose 35g/L；Agar powder 22g/L；Go
Ionized water 1L；Adjust PH to 6.0.
4th, when seedling length to 7~8 true leaves, the sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension prepared is connect with spray-on process
Plant onto cane seedlings lobus cardiacus, having the globule to fall down just with lobus cardiacus is advisable, and builds Small plastic shed with bamboo chip and covers film, keeps
Seedling after inoculation is in hot and humid environmental condition, is more beneficial for infecting for pathogen；
5th, the film on shed is raised after 3 days, preventing and treating sugarcane seedling burn seedlings is withered, normal watering management；
6th, incidence is investigated after 15 days, is judged：It is 1. cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease more than 25% is whole
Eliminate, 2. by the sugarcane hybrid seedling of the 10%≤top rot incidence of disease≤25%, continue observation and judge；After 20 days,
Cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease more than 25% eliminates；It is 3. the health of the cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease≤10% is real
Raw seedling individual plant is transplanted to field planting.
Using the method for the present invention, the bacterium colony of sugarcane top rot pathogen can be observed well, ensures the single of thalline
Property, the degree of accuracy of experiment is improved, while and can shortens the seed selection time.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) cane seedlings that hybrid seed is cultivated are heeled in hole tray, treats seedling length to 7~8 true leaves；
(2) preparation of sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension：Sugarcane top rot pathogen is seeded on improvement MM culture mediums, 28
Cultivated in~30 DEG C of constant incubators, mycelia is scraped after mycelia is covered with, concentration is made as 1 × 10 with sterilized water6~1 × 107It is individual
Spore/ml sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension, it is standby；The improvement MM culture mediums include：
1. a great number of elements：NaNO32000~2500mg/L；KH2PO41000~1500mg/L；MgSO4·7H2O 500~
800mg/L；500~600mg/L of KCl；FeSO4·7H210~20mg/L of O；
2. trace element：(NH4)2Fe(SO4)22.0~2.5mg/L；CuSO40.5~0.6mg/L；MnSO40.1~0.2mg/
L；
3. other：10.0~12.0mg/L of citric acid；1~10mg/L of tetrachlorotetraiodofluorescein sodium；30~35g/L of sucrose；Agar
20~22g/L of powder；Deionized water 1L；Adjust PH to 5.0~6.0.
(3) the sugarcane top rot pathogen spore suspension prepared is sprayed to the cane seedlings lobus cardiacus with 7~8 true leaves
On, build Small plastic shed and cover film；The film on Small plastic shed is raised after 3 days, incidence is investigated after 15 days, is judged：
1. cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease more than 25% is all eliminated,
2. by the sugarcane hybrid seedling of the 10%≤top rot incidence of disease≤25%, continue observation and judge；After 20 days, the tip is rotten
Cross combination of the sick incidence of disease more than 25% eliminates；
3. the healthy seedling individual plant of the cross combination of the top rot incidence of disease≤10% is transplanted to field planting.
2. anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The improvement MM trainings
Foster base includes：
1. a great number of elements：NaNO32000mg/L；KH2PO41000mg/L；MgSO4·7H2O 500mg/L；KCl 500mg/L；
FeSO4·7H2O 10mg/L；
2. trace element：(NH4)2Fe(SO4)22.10mg/L；CuSO40.53mg/L；MnSO40.11mg/L；
3. other：Citric acid 10.50mg/L；3~6mg/L of tetrachlorotetraiodofluorescein sodium；30~35g/L of sucrose；Agar powder 20~
22g/L；Deionized water 1L；Adjust PH to 5.6.
3. anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cane seedlings are false
It is first to broadcast sowing hybrid seed in the cave basin equipped with cane seedlings culture matrix to plant before hole tray, fully watering, keeps training
Support matrix moistening, after 3~5 days seed start rudiment emergence, when cane seedlings grow to 4~5 true leaves, heeled in
In hole tray, sugarcane seedling root is completely covered with soil, light pressure, pours root water, is positioned in the greenhouse of sunshade net, is removed after 3 days
Sunshade net, morning and evening water drenching.
4. anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (3)
In inoculation method be spray-on process.
5. anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The spray-on process
Spray amount is to have the globule to fall down just on lobus cardiacus to be advisable.
6. anti-top rot sugarcane crosses selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In constant incubator
Middle culture 2~3 days.
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| CN110622811A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2019-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Single-plant and combined drought-resisting screening method for sugarcane seedlings |
| CN111357654A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-03 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of new early-maturing high-sugar variety suitable for mechanized sugarcane |
| CN111424007A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-17 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Culture method for rapidly obtaining large amount of sugarcane top rot pathogen conidia |
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| CN110521589A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of method that cane seedlings transplant preceding top rot inoculation stress |
| CN110622811A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2019-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Single-plant and combined drought-resisting screening method for sugarcane seedlings |
| CN111424007A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-17 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Culture method for rapidly obtaining large amount of sugarcane top rot pathogen conidia |
| CN111357654A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-03 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of new early-maturing high-sugar variety suitable for mechanized sugarcane |
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Application publication date: 20180323 Assignee: Guangxi Guinong Precision Farming Agricultural Technology Service Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SOUTH ASIAN TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Research Institute OF GUANGXI Contract record no.: X2022450000275 Denomination of invention: A Breeding Method of Sugarcane Hybrid Lines with Resistance to Top Rot Granted publication date: 20190806 License type: Common License Record date: 20221207 |
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