CN107819044B - 一种硫化锑基光电探测器的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种硫化锑基光电探测器的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107819044B
CN107819044B CN201711002158.2A CN201711002158A CN107819044B CN 107819044 B CN107819044 B CN 107819044B CN 201711002158 A CN201711002158 A CN 201711002158A CN 107819044 B CN107819044 B CN 107819044B
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谭新玉
肖业权
朱宏伟
李昌黎
张礼
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Abstract

本发明涉及了一种硫化锑基可见光光电探测器的制备方法,属于无机非金属材料器件制造工艺领域,首先采用溶胶‑凝胶法在FTO上制备一层致密的二氧化钛薄膜;二氧化钛薄膜经过退火后使用热蒸镀沉积硫化锑(Sb2S3)薄膜;然后使用硫代乙酰胺对硫化锑薄膜进行表面硫化同时进行退火处理;最后将化学气相沉积(CVD)法生长的石墨烯薄膜(Gr)转移到硫化锑薄膜上,形成TiO2/Sb2S3/Gr薄膜结构的可见光探测器,为制作高性能的可见光探测器提供了新的方法。该光电探测器可以在可见光有很高的响应且对不同波长的可见光具有不同的响应电流,同时随入射光强的增加响应电流线性增加。

Description

一种硫化锑基光电探测器的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种硫化锑基光电探测器及其制备方法,属于无机非金属材料器件制造工艺领域。
技术背景
可见光探测器在军事和国民经济的各个领域有广泛用途。在可见光探测器基本上使整个近红外波带上的垂直入射光反射,并且基本上使整个可见光波长范围内的垂直入射光透射。在可见光或近红外波段主要用于射线测量和探测、工业自动控制、光度计量等。
硫化锑(Sb2S3)是一种性质稳定的Ⅴ-Ⅵ族直接带隙半导体材料,地壳中含量丰富、安全无毒。由于Sb2S3具有较高的光吸收系数(α >5×104 cm-1),并且带隙宽度适中、易于调控(1.5~2.2 eV),覆盖了大部分可见光光谱。在过去十年里Sb2S3作为光电探测器主要集中于电阻型光电探测器。由于墨烯具有优异的导电性、超高的本征载流子迁移率、对可见光及红外光高的透明性,本专利采用石墨烯作为空穴传输层以及透明导电电极与硫化锑薄膜构成光伏型光电探测器。相较普通的电阻型光电探测器具有更高的响应电流与更快的响应速度。同时,由于石墨烯的功函数与硫化锑的能带结构能有较好的匹配,可获得较大开路光电压使得器件吸光产生的电子与空穴能够在无外电压的情况下快速分离,从而形成自供电光电探测器。
发明内容
本发明的目的是以硫化锑作为吸光材料,吸收光能产生电子-空穴,电子经n-TiO2传输到外电路,而空穴经石墨烯薄膜传输到外电路。其中石墨烯薄膜作为空穴传输层及透明导电电极。本发明所提供了一种硫化锑基光电探测器及其制备方法。
一种硫化锑基光电探测器及其制备方法,其特征在于具有以下的工艺过程和步骤:
(1)衬底预处理:掺杂氟的SnO2透明导电玻璃(FTO)(~7 Ω·sq)作为衬底,用去离子水、乙醇和丙酮分别超声清洗5-15 分钟,洗去表面的杂质与有机物,随后用去离子水冲洗干净并氩气吹干后备用;
(2)TiO2薄膜的制备:首先配置0.5mol/L 的四异丙醇钛乙醇溶液2.5mL,其中四异丙醇钛的纯度为99.8%;同时配置2.5mL 0.04-0.06mol/L 的盐酸乙醇溶液;然后将两种溶液混合均匀后,旋涂到洗净的FTO 上,旋涂前用高温胶带粘住FTO 边缘0.2cm 作为器件的背电极;最后将带有二氧化钛前驱体的FTO 放入管式电阻炉中,在400-600oC 下空气中退火30-50min;
(3)Sb2S3薄膜的制备:采用热蒸镀法在FTO/TiO2沉积硫化锑薄膜,在沉积前将装置真空室的压强抽至低于10-4 Pa;通过调节加热电流来控制样品沉积速度,沉积速度控制在10~30 nm/s,硫化锑薄膜的沉积厚度为200~500nm(通过振晶片控制);在沉积的硫化锑薄膜表面旋涂0.001g/mL~0.1g/mL的硫代乙酰胺(TA)DMF溶液,然后在氩气氛围中退火30~60 min,退火温度为200~400 ℃;
(4)石墨烯的生长:使用化学气相沉积法(CVD)生长石墨烯薄膜,将铜箔在氩气气氛中从室温加热到900-1200℃,在900-1200℃条件下通入氢气,退火30~40 min分钟后,再通入氩气(200~400 mL/min)、氢气(30~50 mL/min)、甲烷(10~20 mL/min)的混合气体,反应10~30 min,再在氩气保护下,降温至室温,将生长了石墨烯的铜箔用硝酸铁溶液刻蚀后用去离子水清洗,得到石墨烯备用;
(5)光电探测器的组装:将(4)中生长的石墨烯薄膜转移到(3)中制备的硫化锑薄膜上,然后用银胶、银线做为电极,得到TiO2/Sb2S3/Gr光电探测器。
附图说明:
图1:本发明的TiO2/Sb2S3/Gr光电探测器的结构示意图。
图2:本发明的TiO2/Sb2S3/Gr光电探测器在零偏压,入射光强为200 μW/cm2,不同可见光波长的I-t 曲线。
图3:本发明的TiO2/Sb2S3/Gr光电探测器在零偏压,入射光波长为600 nm,不同光强的I-t 曲线。
图4:本发明的TiO2/Sb2S3/Gr光电探测器在零偏压,入射光波长为600 nm,入射光强为200 μW/cm2 的电流上升时间与恢复时间。
具体实施方式:
现将本发明的具体实施例叙述于后。
实施例1
本实施例的制备过程和步骤如下:
(1)衬底预处理:掺杂氟的SnO2透明导电玻璃(FTO)(~7 Ω·sq)作为衬底,用去离子水、乙醇和丙酮分别超声清洗5-15 分钟,洗去表面的杂质与有机物,随后用去离子水冲洗干净并氩气吹干后备用;
(2)TiO2薄膜的制备:首先配置0.5mol/L 的四异丙醇钛乙醇溶液2.5mL,其中四异丙醇钛的纯度为99.8%;同时配置2.5mL 0.04mol/L 的盐酸乙醇溶液;然后将两种溶液混合均匀后,旋涂到洗净的FTO 上,旋涂前用高温胶带粘住FTO 边缘0.2cm 作为电池背电极;最后将带有二氧化钛前驱体的FTO 放入管式电阻炉中,在500oC 下空气中退火60min;
(3)Sb2S3薄膜的制备:采用热蒸镀法在FTO/TiO2沉积硫化锑薄膜,在沉积前将装置真空室的压强抽至5x10-4 Pa以下;通过调节加热电流来控制样品沉积速度,沉积速度控制在20 nm/s,硫化锑薄膜沉积的厚度为300 nm(通过振晶片控制);在沉积的硫化锑薄膜表面旋涂0.01g/mL的硫代乙酰胺(TA)DMF溶液,然后在氩气氛围中退火45 min,退火温度为325℃;
(4)石墨烯的生长:使用化学气相沉积法(CVD)生长石墨烯薄膜,将铜箔在氩气气氛中从室温加热到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃条件下通入氢气,退火30~40 min分钟后,再通入氩气(300 mL/min)、氢气(30 mL/min)、甲烷(20 mL/min)的混合气体,反应30 min,再在氩气保护下,降温至室温,将生长了石墨烯的铜箔用硝酸铁溶液刻蚀后用去离子水清洗,得到石墨烯备用;
(5)光电探测器的组装:将(4)中生长的石墨烯薄膜转移到(3)中制备的硫化锑薄膜上,然后用银胶、银线做为电极,得到TiO2/Sb2S3/Gr光电探测器。

Claims (2)

1.一种硫化锑基光电探测器的制备方法,其特征在于,具有以下的工艺过程和步骤:
(1)衬底预处理:掺杂氟的SnO2透明导电玻璃作为衬底,用去离子水、乙醇和丙酮分别超声清洗5-15 分钟,随后用去离子水冲洗干净并氩气吹干后备用;
(2)TiO2薄膜的制备:将四异丙醇钛乙醇溶液与盐酸乙醇溶液混合均匀后,旋涂到洗净的FTO 上,旋 涂前用高温胶带粘住FTO边缘0.2cm作为器件的背电极,最后将带有二氧化钛前驱体的FTO 放入管式电阻炉中,在400-600oC下空气中退火30-50min;
(3)Sb2S3薄膜的制备:采用热蒸镀法在FTO/TiO2沉积硫化锑薄膜,再在沉积的硫化锑薄膜表面旋涂硫代乙酰胺DMF溶液,然后在氩气氛围中退火30~60 min,退火温度为200~400℃,采用热蒸镀法在FTO/TiO2沉积硫化锑薄膜,在沉积前将装置真空室的压强抽至5x10-4Pa以下;通过调节加热电流来控制样品沉积速度,沉积速度控制在10~30 nm/s,硫化锑薄膜沉积的厚度为200~500nm;
(4)石墨烯的生长:使用化学气相沉积法CVD生长石墨烯薄膜,将铜箔在氩气气氛中从室温加热到900-1200 ℃,在900-1200 ℃条件下通入氢气,退火30~40 min分钟后,再通入氩气、氢气、甲烷的混合气体,反应10~30 min,再在氩气保护下,降温至室温,将生长了石墨烯的铜箔用硝酸铁溶液刻蚀后用去离子水清洗,得到石墨烯备用,该步骤中,通入氩气、氢气、甲烷的混合气体中,氩气的通入速度为300 mL/min、氢气的通入速度为30~50 mL/min、甲烷的通入速度为10~20 mL/min;
(5)光电探测器的组装:将(4)中生长的石墨烯薄膜转移到(3)中制备的硫化锑薄膜上,然后用银胶、银线做为电极,得到TiO2/Sb2S3/石墨烯光电探测器。
2.权利要求1所述的硫化锑基光电探测器的制备方法,其特征在于,硫代乙酰胺DMF溶液的浓度为0.001g/mL~0.1g/mL。
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Toward High-Efficiency Solution-Processed Planar Heterojunction Sb2S3 Solar Cells;Zimmermann, E et al.;《ADVANCED SCIENCE》;20150511;第2卷(第5期);第5-6页,4. Experimental Section,figure 1

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