CN107810927B - Method for promoting mating and oviposition of hermetia illucens - Google Patents
Method for promoting mating and oviposition of hermetia illucens Download PDFInfo
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- CN107810927B CN107810927B CN201711106501.8A CN201711106501A CN107810927B CN 107810927 B CN107810927 B CN 107810927B CN 201711106501 A CN201711106501 A CN 201711106501A CN 107810927 B CN107810927 B CN 107810927B
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- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 description 1
- AEEAZFQPYUMBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [I].[W] Chemical compound [I].[W] AEEAZFQPYUMBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036983 biotransformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting mating and oviposition of hermetia illucens, which comprises the following steps of (1) enabling hermetia illucens to lay eggs according to each cube in a culture roomAdult hermetia illucens are put in a proportion of 8000 pairs of rice 2000-; (2) after the imagoes eclosion, the light is supplemented by a green light and yellow light mixed light source in the breeding room in the daytime, and the illumination intensity is 200 mu mol.m at a position 40-60cm away from the light source‑2.s‑1‑320μmol.m‑2.s‑1And supplementing light for 2-5 days. Because the adult hermetia illucens has strong preference for green light and yellow light, the adult hermetia illucens is extremely active and constantly dances under the irradiation of the two colors of light, and the adult hermetia illucens can be promoted to mate and lay eggs and the proportion of fertilized egg masses can be improved by using a mixed light source of green light and yellow light for light supplement; in addition, the mating and egg laying of the hermetia illucens are further promoted by adjusting the illumination intensity and the feeding density in the breeding room, and the egg laying proportion and the fertilized egg mass proportion of hermetia illucens female are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of insect breeding, and particularly relates to a method for promoting mating and oviposition of hermetia illucens adults.
Background
Hermetia illucens (Hermetia illucens L.) is a widely distributed worldwide insect of the family hermetiidae of the order diptera. The black soldier fly is developed in 4 insect states of egg, larva, pupa and adult, and has strong reproductive capacity. After the imagoes are eclosized, the female imagoes begin to mate for 1 to 2 days, and begin to lay eggs for 3 to 4 days, and the life of the imagoes is about 9 days. The putrescence of larvae can be used for biotransformation of organic wastes such as feces and kitchen waste, and the diversity of harmful microorganisms is reduced after treatment. The harvested larvae and prepupa contain abundant proteins, amino acids, fats and the like in vivo, and can be used as good feed for breeding poultry, livestock and fish. As a resource insect and an environmental insect which can be developed, the large-scale breeding technology of hermetia illucens still has defects, and particularly the breeding technology needs to be improved.
The black soldier fly is a day-sex insect species, and under the condition of proper temperature and humidity, the illumination, especially sunlight, is heavy to limit the mating activityEssential factors, the current breeding places all use a transparent greenhouse to obtain sunlight so as to promote the adult insects to mate and lay eggs. The mating of adult hermetia illucens can be influenced by light intensity, and in the sun, Shepard et al find that when the light intensity exceeds 200 mu mol-2.s-1When the mating rate is increased; and the light intensity is less than 63 mu mol.m-2.s-1When the two sexes are mated, mating activities do not occur, and the hermetia illucens can mate only in the sun. The egg laying rate of female adults is less than 40% despite sunlight exposure, and only 39.5% of the egg mass is fertilized. Although the iodine-tungsten lamp can make up the problem of insufficient sunlight in rainy days, the mating rate is only 61% of the full sunlight, and the light intensity exceeds 110 mu mol-2.s-1When mating occurs, mating activity is reduced. In recent years, attempts have been made to simultaneously use a plurality of fluorescent lamps and LED lamps when breeding hermetia illucens indoors to promote the mating of adults, but as a result, the egg laying rate of female insects is only 16%, and the proportion of fertilized egg masses is only 11.2%.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides a method for promoting the mating and egg laying of hermetia illucens, and solves the technical problems that the egg laying proportion of hermetia illucens female is low and the proportion of fertilized egg masses is low in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides a method for promoting the mating and spawning of hermetia illucens, which comprises the following steps:
s1 adult hermetia illucens are put into the breeding room according to the proportion of 2000-8000 pairs per cubic meter;
s2 when the adult eclosion, supplementing light by using a mixed light source of green light and yellow light in the breeding room in the daytime, wherein the illumination intensity is 200 mu mol.m at a position 40-60cm away from the light source-2.s-1-μmol.m-2.s-1And supplementing light for 2-5 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for promoting mating and spawning of hermetia illucens, the green light and yellow light mixed light source is used for supplementing light in the breeding room, the hermetia illucens adults have extremely strong preference for the green light and the yellow light, and the green light and the yellow light are irradiatedThe adult hermetia illucens are extremely active and constantly fly, so that the mating and spawning of the adult hermetia illucens can be promoted, and the proportion of fertilized egg masses can be improved; the illumination intensity is an important factor influencing the mating rate of hermetia illucens adults, and is 200 mu mol.m-2.s-1-320μmol.m-2.s-1Within the range, the mating rate of adult hermetia illucens can be improved; if the feeding density in the breeding room is too low, the breeding room cannot be fully utilized, resource waste can be caused, if the feeding density in the breeding room is too high, indoor hypoxia can be caused, and the activity space of adult hermetia illucens is limited, so that adult hermetia illucens are thrown into the breeding room according to the number of 8000 pairs of 2000-one-year-old insects per cubic meter, and the egg laying proportion of female insects can be improved. The method for promoting the black soldier fly to mate and lay eggs can promote the black soldier fly to mate and lay eggs, and improve the egg laying proportion and the fertilized egg mass proportion of the female black soldier fly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the ratio of female eggs laid at different feeding densities in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the ratio of fertilized egg masses in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1 at different feeding densities.
Detailed Description
The embodiment provides a method for promoting the mating and egg laying of hermetia illucens, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1 adult hermetia illucens are put into the breeding room according to the proportion of 2000-8000 pairs per cubic meter;
s2 when the adult eclosion, supplementing light by using a mixed light source of green light and yellow light in the breeding room in the daytime, wherein the illumination intensity is 200 mu mol.m at a position 40-60cm away from the light source-2.s-1-320μmol.m-2.s-1Supplementing light for 2-5 days; preferably, the ratio of green light to yellow light in the mixed light source of green light and yellow light is 1: 1.
specifically, the green light wavelength range in the step S2 is 530-560nm, and the peak value is 545 + -10 nm.
Specifically, the yellow light wavelength range in the step S2 is 580-620nm, and the peak value is 610 + -10 nm.
Specifically, the daytime in step S2 is 7:00-20:00, the power supply is driven by 220v alternating current, the power switch adopts a timing control device, the power supply is switched on at 7:00 and is switched off at 20:00 every day.
The method for promoting the mating and spawning of hermetia illucens according to the invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. The following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the following embodiments, the light source preferably uses a green light emitting diode and a yellow light emitting diode for light supplement, and the green light wavelength range is 530 + 560nm, the peak value is 545 + 10nm, the yellow light wavelength range is 580-620nm, and the peak value is 610 + 10 nm; as part of adult hermetia illucens flies to the light source, the green light-emitting diode and the yellow light-emitting diode are placed in the lampshade for use in order to prevent the lamp tube from becoming dirty.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for promoting mating and oviposition of hermetia illucens, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. installing light emitting diodes capable of emitting green light and yellow light simultaneously in a breeding room, driving the light emitting diodes of the green light and the yellow light by using 220v alternating current, controlling a switch of a power supply by using timing control equipment, and switching on the power supply at 7:00 and switching off the power supply at 20: 00; then the illumination intensity at the position 50cm away from the light source is adjusted to be 300 mu mol-2.s-1And after the setting is finished, the power supply is disconnected.
2. And putting black soldier fly adults in the culture room according to the proportion of 4000 pairs per cubic meter.
3. After the imagoes are eclosized, the power supply is switched on, the light-emitting diodes which can emit green light and yellow light simultaneously are used for supplementing light in the breeding room in daytime, and the light-emitting diodes are used for irradiating for 5 days.
And collecting the egg blocks for hatching experiments to obtain the egg laying rate of the female worms as 59.8 percent and the fertilized egg block rate as 83 percent.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for promoting mating and oviposition of hermetia illucens, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. in a culture room, the ratio of 1: 1, mounting a green light-emitting diode and a yellow light-emitting diode in a ratio, driving the green light-emitting diode and the yellow light-emitting diode by 220v alternating current, controlling a switch of a power supply by using a timing control device, and setting the power supply to be switched on at 7:00 and switched off at 20: 00; then the illumination intensity at the position 40cm away from the light source is adjusted to 320 mu mol-2.s-1And after the setting is finished, the power supply is disconnected.
2. And putting the adult hermetia illucens into the breeding room according to the proportion of 2000 pairs per cubic meter.
3. After the imagoes eclosion, the power supply is switched on, the green light and yellow light mixed light source is used for supplementing light in the breeding room in daytime, and the green light and yellow light mixed light source is used for irradiating for 3 days.
Collecting the egg blocks for hatching experiments, and obtaining the egg laying proportion of the female worms as 79 percent and the fertilization egg block proportion as 82 percent.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for promoting mating and oviposition of hermetia illucens, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. in a culture room, the ratio of 1: 1, mounting a green light-emitting diode and a yellow light-emitting diode in a ratio, driving the green light-emitting diode and the yellow light-emitting diode by 220v alternating current, controlling a switch of a power supply by using a timing control device, and setting the power supply to be switched on at 7:00 and switched off at 20: 00; then the illumination intensity at a position 60cm away from the light source is adjusted to be 200 mu mol-2.s-1And after the setting is finished, the power supply is disconnected.
2. And (3) putting the adult hermetia illucens into the breeding room according to the proportion of 8000 pairs per cubic meter.
3. After the imagoes eclosion, the power supply is switched on, the green light and yellow light mixed light source is used for supplementing light in the breeding room in daytime, and the green light and yellow light mixed light source is used for irradiating for 2 days.
Collecting the egg blocks for hatching experiment to obtain the egg laying rate of the female worms of 50 percent and the fertilized egg block rate of 80.5 percent.
To illustrate the effects of the present invention, the inventors provide comparative experiments as follows:
comparative example 1
The number of hermetia illucens adults to be put into the breeding room is respectively put according to the proportion of 2000 pairs, 8000 pairs, 12000 pairs and 16000 pairs per cubic meter, the rest parameters are completely the same as those in the example 1, and the adopted breeding method is also completely the same.
Egg masses at different feeding densities in example 1 and comparative example 1 were collected and subjected to hatching experiments in order to confirm the rate of female laying and to check the rate of fertilized egg masses. The results of the proportion of eggs laid by the female insects at different feeding densities are shown in fig. 1; the results of the proportion of fertilized egg masses at different feeding densities are shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from the figure 1, when 2000 pairs of hermetia illucens adults are placed in each cubic meter indoors, the mating and egg laying of the hermetia illucens are promoted by using the method, and the egg laying proportion of female insects reaches 80%; the adult insects are placed indoors every cubic meter until the number of the adult insects reaches 8000 hours, the method is used for promoting the adult insects to mate and lay eggs, and the egg laying proportion of female insects is still 51 percent. The larger the indoor adult black soldier fly breeding density is, the smaller the egg laying proportion of the female soldier fly is, and when 2000 plus 8000 pairs of adult black soldier fly are put in the breeding room per cubic meter, the egg laying proportion of the female soldier fly is higher than 50 percent; however, when more than 12000 pairs of hermetia illucens adults are put in the breeding room per cubic meter, the egg laying rate of the female hermetia illucens is lower than 40%. As can be seen from fig. 2, the proportion of fertilized egg masses exceeded 80% at all feeding densities. The situation that the egg laying proportion of the female hermetia illucens can be obviously improved by controlling the feeding density of the adult hermetia illucens in the breeding room is demonstrated.
Comparative example 2
The light supplementing light source installed in the breeding room is a diode which only emits green light and a diode which only emits yellow light, the rest parameters are completely the same as those in the example 1, and the adopted breeding method is also completely the same.
The hatching experiments were carried out to collect the eggs supplemented with light of different colors in example 1 and comparative example 2 to confirm the ratio of female eggs laid and to check the ratio of fertilized eggs. The results of the effect of different colored light sources on the egg laying rate and fertilized egg mass of hermetia illucens are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different color light sources on the egg laying rate and fertilized egg mass of hermetia illucens female
| Color of light source | Proportion of eggs laid by female | Proportion of fertilized egg mass |
| Green + yellow | 59.8％ | 83％ |
| Green colour | 46％ | 41.6％ |
| Yellow colour | 45％ | 42.3％ |
As can be seen from table 1, the light-emitting diodes that emit green light and yellow light simultaneously are used for supplementing light, and compared with supplementing light with green monochromatic light or yellow monochromatic light, the proportion of eggs laid by female insects and the proportion of fertilized egg masses can be increased, and especially the proportion of fertilized egg masses can be significantly increased.
From examples 1-3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, it can be obtained that the adult hermetia illucens is dosed in a ratio of 8000 pairs of 2000--2.s-1-320μmol.m-2.s-1And a green light and yellow light mixed light source is used for supplementing light for 2-5 days, so that the egg laying proportion of the female insects is not less than 50%, and the proportion of fertilized egg masses is higher than 80%; compared with the production of female adults under sunlight irradiationThe egg rate is lower than 40%, and the proportion of fertilized egg masses is 39.5%.
The method can promote the adult hermetia illucens to mate and lay eggs, the egg laying proportion of the female hermetia illucens is not lower than 50%, and the proportion of fertilized egg masses reaches more than 80%. The method can provide a large number of fertilized egg masses when the hermetia illucens are bred in a large scale, has the potential of large-area popularization and use, and has important guiding significance for the improvement of the bottleneck technology of transforming the hermetia illucens into livestock manure and kitchen waste, namely the breeding technology of the hermetia illucens, which is widely popularized and utilized at present.
Finally, the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for promoting the mating and spawning of hermetia illucens comprises the following steps:
s1 adult hermetia illucens are put into the breeding room according to the proportion of 2000 pairs per cubic meter;
s2 when the adult eclosion happens, supplementing light by using a green light and yellow light mixed light source in a breeding room at 7:00-20:00 daytime, wherein the illumination intensity is 200 mu mol.m at a position 40-60cm away from the light source-2.s-1～320μmol.m-2.s-1Supplementing light for 3 days;
the green light wavelength range is 530-560nm, the yellow light wavelength range is 580-620nm, the green light wavelength peak value in the step S2 is 545 +/-10 nm, and the yellow light wavelength peak value is 610 +/-10 nm.
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| CN111066729A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-28 | 广州安芮洁环保科技有限公司 | Method for improving egg laying efficiency of hermetia illucens adults |
| CN110476893A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-22 | 北京同仁堂健康药业（青海）有限公司 | A kind of nursing of subculture pupa and emerging adult mating oviposition collection device and method |
| CN115076623B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-11-14 | 江苏省农业科学院 | LED light source for adult black soldier flies and adult black soldier flies breeding method |
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| EP2846632B1 (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2017-08-09 | Enterra Feed Corporation | Contained systems to provide reproductive habitat for hermetia illucens |
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