CN107810791A - A kind of peach garden summer sod culture method - Google Patents
A kind of peach garden summer sod culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107810791A CN107810791A CN201711124356.6A CN201711124356A CN107810791A CN 107810791 A CN107810791 A CN 107810791A CN 201711124356 A CN201711124356 A CN 201711124356A CN 107810791 A CN107810791 A CN 107810791A
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- grass seeds
- peach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of peach garden summer sod culture method, concretely comprise the following steps：(1) prepare before sowing；(2) grass seeds pre-processes；(3) sow；(4) application rate and density；(6) after planting manage.This method is easy to operate, can effectively solve the problems, such as Summer High-Temperature Times covered ground in peach production, ground temperature can not only be reduced, keep soil moisture, mitigate injury of the high temperature and drought to peach, and may also reach up with grass control grass, the effect of with careless fertile land, summer and autumn hot-dry season peach healthy growth and development can be promoted, solve the problems, such as summer and autumn high temperature, arid, significant effect in production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to orchard summer soil management technical field, and in particular to a kind of peach garden summer sward, with grass control grass,
The management method to reduce ground temperature, keep soil moisture is covered with grass, this method is applied to be engaged in R＆D institution, the public affairs of peach production
Department and individual.
Background technology
Peach belongs to the rose family (Rosaceae) Li Yake (Prunoideae) peach category (Amygdalus) plant, is Qiao Benluo
Leaf fruit tree, it is one of China Main Cultivation fruit tree, also occupies very important status in the world.United according to department of crop cultivation of the Ministry of Agriculture
Meter, 828.3 thousand hectares of China's peach cultivated area in 2015,1364.0 ten thousand tons of yield, occupy first place in the world (http://
202.127.42.157/moazzys/shuiguo_cx.aspx).The production of peach fruit is the mainstay that China's increasing peasant income are got rich
One of industry, and one of key farm products for earning foreign exchange of China's export.
Orchard ground cover is cultivated, and is that in the ranks or entirely a kind of orchard management side of the herbaceous plant as covering is planted in garden in fruit tree
Method, this method is for maintaining Labile soil organic carbon, improving the ecological environment etc. plays an important roll.American-European and Japan orchardist will
Based on sward, implement sward orchard area account for the orchard gross area more than 75% (Kou Jian villages, Yang Wenquan, Han Mingyu are old
Austria, Li Bing, Zhang Wei China orchard ground cover progress Practaculture Sciences, 2010,27 (7)：154-159).China implements clear at present
Cultivated orchard still account for the gross area more than 80% (Lv Deguo, Qin Sijun, Du Guodong, Li Fangdong, Ma Huaiyu, Liu state into orchards give birth to
The Study on Physiological Effects of grass and application Agricultural University Of Shenyang journal, 2012-04,43 (2)：131-136).
For many years, we are studied all around this problem, and have carried out a large amount of scientific researches and experiment, summarize invention
Going out a kind of Vigna sinensis sari Va of planting reduces ground temperature, keeps soil moisture, with grass control grass, the method for increase soil fertility.
This method be Summer-sowing Vigna sinensis sari Va come keep summer and autumn soil moisture, reduce ground temperature, with grass control grass, increase
Soil fertility.Summer and autumn arid season orchard soil humidity can effectively be kept using this method, increase soil moisture content, effectively reduce
The soil moisture, injury of the high temperature to root system is avoided, meanwhile, control weed growth, increase soil fertility, it disclosure satisfy that summer and autumn high temperature and drought
The requirement of season peach healthy growth and development, solve the problems, such as the more influence production of summer and autumn high temperature, arid, weeds in production,
Significant effect.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome summer and autumn high temperature, arid in existing peach production, weeds are more and influence the technology of production and ask
Topic, it is therefore an objective to be to provide a kind of management method of peach garden summer sward, this method by Summer-sowing Vigna sinensis sari Va so as to
Increase soil moisture, reduce ground temperature, with grass control grass, increase soil fertility, disclosure satisfy that summer and autumn high temperature, arid season peach health are raw
The requirement of long development, this method is simple and easy to do, easy to operate, and soil moisture more than 30% can be effectively improved using this method, drop
More than 2 DEG C of the low soil moisture, increase green manure 2500-3000kg/667m2。
The present invention technical concept be：Before summer rain, by Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds, uniform broadcasting or point are sowed at orchard row
Band is middle, treats that summer and autumn arid season arrives, and Vigna sinensis sari Va is completely laid on capable band, so as to realize moisturizing, cooling purpose.We
Method be Summer-sowing Vigna sinensis sari Va come keep summer and autumn soil moisture, reduce ground temperature, with grass control grass, increase soil fertility.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of peach garden summer sod culture method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) prepare before sowing：
In early June, other grass seeds for being sowed original weeds in the ranks or a upper season with grass-mowing machine (bright, the CG430TW of Austria)
(such as villose vetch), interrupted from the 5-10cm of ground, nature is laid in ground；
(2) grass seeds pre-processes：
After row interband original careless (weeds or villose vetch) has been handled, that is, Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds is handled, in shady place with clearly
Water immersion Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds 1-3 days, water was not there just to be grass seeds to be advisable；
(3) sow：
After Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds soaks, uniform broadcasting or point are sowed at row band centre, and the sowing time is preferably selected in rainfall
First 2-3 days, without rainfall, it need on a small quantity irrigate, make normal seed germination within such as after planting 2-3 days；Application rate and density domination are as follows：Such as
Broadcast sowing, application rate is with 2.0-3.0kg/667m2It is advisable；Such as program request, application rate is with 1.0-2.0kg/667m2It is advisable, during program request, often
Row strip sowing 1-3 bars, specifically depending on row bandwidth, per stripe pitch 28-32cm；
(4) after planting manage：
Sowing 9-11 days or so, grass seeds germinate and are unearthed, and late June-early July, select Yu Qiansa composite fertilizer 2-3kg/
667m2Once, growth is promoted.
After planting 40-50 days, Vigna sinensis sari Va was paved with capable band, and coverage rate can effectively keep soil moisture up to more than 95%,
Ground temperature is reduced, injury of the high temperature to soil is reduced, promotes peach healthy growth and development.
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the invention is：
(1) by abovementioned technology, solve summer and autumn peach garden soil management and take a lot of work, arduously, and the skill of effect difference
Art difficult point, mainly solves that summer and autumn peach garden high temperature, arid, weeds are more, influences the technical problem of production.Arranged by this technology
Apply, can effectively solve the problems, such as Summer High-Temperature Times covered ground in peach production, ground temperature can not only be reduced, keep soil moisture,
Mitigate injury of the high temperature and drought to peach, and may also reach up with grass control grass, the effect of with careless fertile land, significant effect.With showing
There is peach garden to plough management clearly to compare, it is more time saving, laborsaving, and more ecological, environmental protective, the healthy growth and development of peach is more beneficial for,
This method is applied to be engaged in R＆D institution, company and the individual of peach production；
(2) present invention is compared with the clear cultivated or natural grass soil management method in the existing peach garden in China, to high temperature, arid season
Miniclimate cooling-down effect is obvious in peach garden, keeps moisture significant effect；
(3) present invention is compared with the clear cultivated or natural grass soil management method in the existing peach garden in China, to peach garden soil fertility
Lift positive effect.The present invention makes full use of capable band intermediate space, improves land utilization ratio, and per can produce green manure in season
2500-3000kg/667m2, dexterously solve the problems, such as that the current peach garden organic matter source of manure lacks；
(4) present invention can effectively suppress the weeds in peach garden, save a large amount of costs of labor.Vigna sinensis sari Va growth is rapid, and raw
Long amount is larger, the huge compression growing space of peach garden common weed such as Herba Galii Teneri, green bristlegrass etc., can effectively play and " be pressed down with grass
Grass " effect, reduces chemical herbicide use and artificial weeding number；
(5) this method positive effect, it is simple and easy to do, the Yangtze river basin orchard such as orchard such as pear tree, vine is widely used in,
With preferable application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
The comparison figure that Fig. 1 is the inventive method and natural grass influences on surface temperature；
The comparison figure that Fig. 2 is the inventive method and natural grass influences on subsurface temperature；
Fig. 3 is that the inventive method sows orchard row band figure of the Vigna sinensis sari Va after 50 days；
Fig. 4 is the natural grass orchard row band figure for the same time not planting Vigna sinensis sari Va；
Fig. 5 is the inventive method Vigna sinensis sari Va program request emergence situation map；
Fig. 6 is that the inventive method Vigna sinensis sari Va broadcasts sowing emergence situation map；
Fig. 7 is the geothermometry figure in present invention sowing Vigna sinensis sari Va peach garden；
Fig. 8 is natural grass peach garden geothermometry figure；
Fig. 9 is that soil sampling of the present invention surveys soil moisture figure.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further elaborated with reference to embodiment：
Embodiment 1
A kind of peach garden summer sod culture method, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepare before sowing：
June 8, other grass seeds for being sowed original weeds in the ranks or a upper season with grass-mowing machine (bright, the CG430TW of Austria),
Interrupted from the 5cm of ground, nature is laid in ground；
(2) grass seeds pre-processes：
After the original grass of row interband has been handled, that is, Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds is handled, June 9, in room at shady and cool lucifuge,
Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds is soaked to June 10 with clear water, and water was not there just to be grass seeds to be advisable；
(3) sow：
After Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds soaks, it is middle that uniform broadcasting or point are sowed at row band, after planting 2 days without rainfall, on a small quantity
Irrigate, make normal seed germination；Application rate and density domination are as follows：Such as broadcast sowing, application rate is with 2.5kg/667m2It is advisable；As point
Broadcast, application rate is with 1.5kg/667m2It is advisable, during program request, often row strip sowing 3, row bandwidth 5cm, per stripe pitch 30cm；
(4) after planting manage：
11 days i.e. June 21, grass seeds of sowing germinate and are unearthed, and July 9, select Yu Qiansa composite fertilizer 2kg/667m2One
It is secondary, promote growth.
Embodiment 2
A kind of peach garden summer sod culture method, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepare before sowing：
June 8, other grass seeds for being sowed original weeds in the ranks or a upper season with grass-mowing machine (bright, the CG430TW of Austria),
Interrupted from the 5cm of ground, nature is laid in ground；
(2) grass seeds pre-processes：
After the original grass of row interband has been handled, that is, Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds is handled, June 9, in room at shady and cool lucifuge,
Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds is soaked to June 11 with clear water, and water was not there just to be grass seeds to be advisable；
(3) sow：
After Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds soaks, it is middle that uniform broadcasting or point are sowed at row band, after planting 2 days without rainfall, on a small quantity
Irrigate, make normal seed germination；Application rate and density domination are as follows：Such as broadcast sowing, application rate is with 2.5kg/667m2It is advisable；As point
Broadcast, application rate is with 1.5kg/667m2It is advisable, during program request, often row strip sowing 3, row bandwidth 5cm, per stripe pitch 30cm；
(4) after planting manage：
10 days i.e. June 21, grass seeds of sowing germinate and are unearthed, and July 9, select Yu Qiansa composite fertilizer 2kg/667m2One
It is secondary, promote growth.
The present invention has carried out following specific experiment：
(1) different Vigna sinensis sari Va seeding method germination investigation：
Vigna sinensis sari Va is sowed after 20 days, the Vigna sinensis sari Va budding situation of Different treatments sowing is investigated, it is real
Result is tested to show (table 1)：Program request effect is best, and mu application rate is minimum, only broadcasts sowing the 50% of application rate used, and bud ratio
Highest, reach 90%, be broadcast sowing bud ratio more than 5 times.For the difference amount of broadcasting sowing (processing 1,2), sprout number and bud ratio
It is not significantly different.
The different disposal of table 1 life Vigna sinensis sari Va budding situation
Note：1, broadcast sowing 3kg/667m2Vigna sinensis sari Va；2, broadcast sowing 2kg/667m2Vigna sinensis sari Va；3, program request 1.5kg/667m2Print
Spend cowpea.
(2) Vigna sinensis sari Va growing state and increment inventory：
Mid-July, Vigna sinensis sari Va growth is very luxuriant, substantially covers in the ranks, and now different modes are sowed and printed
Careless increment of cowpea and natural grass processing etc. is spent, has carried out investigation statisticses, as a result following (table 2), program request (processing 3) processing
Coverage rate highest, and it is maximum to produce fresh grass amount, hay amount；The grass yield of all plantation Vigna sinensis sari Va processing, all compared with natural grass
It is big, either in terms of fresh grass amount, or hay amount, that is to say, that plantation Vigna sinensis sari Va, more have for Soil accumulation
Machine matter.
Table 2 gives birth to Vigna sinensis sari Va and natural grass effect compares
Note：1, broadcast sowing 3kg/667m2Vigna sinensis sari Va；2, broadcast sowing 2kg/667m2Vigna sinensis sari Va；3, program request 1.5kg/667m2Print
Spend cowpea；4, natural grass.
(3) compared with this method influences with natural grass on orchard temperature：
Summer and autumn high temperature season, respectively for the processing of this method and natural grass, determine orchard earth's surface and underground
The temperature change of two positions at 20cm, as a result see Figure of description 1 and 2：
As seen from Figure 1, the amplitude of variation of this method surface temperature, hence it is evident that less than natural grass orchard, also, daily
Maximum temperature, substantially less than natural grass, maximum temperature difference even can reach more than 15 DEG C.As can be seen here, this is passed through
Method, hence it is evident that reduce orchard surface temperature, effectively reduce the appearance of thermal extremes, advantageously sent out in tree body healthy growth
Educate, increase orchard worker's benefit.
As seen from Figure 2, compared with surface temperature changes, comparatively amplitude of variation is smaller for subsurface temperature, more surely
It is fixed.Meanwhile high temperature season, it is lower with respect to for natural grass using the subsurface temperature of this method, high temperature is reduced to root system
Extent of injury, so as to be more beneficial for growing for root system and tree body.
(4) compared with this method influences with natural grass on soil moisture content：
After mid-July, into seasonal drought period, during September part, soil is very arid, now respectively with two
Kind distinct methods, the soil water content of different disposal is determined, it is as a result following (table 3,4)：
This method is used it can be seen from table 3, table 4, there is more preferable Water-saving effect compared with natural grass；Whether shallow-layer
Soil (12cm；0-15cm), or deep soil (20cm；15-30cm), will be more using the processing of this method, soil moisture
Height, it is more beneficial for tackling the water shortage problem of arid season, promotes tree body healthy growth and development, increase economic benefit.
The different disposal soil volumetric water content of table 3
Note：Soil volumetric water content determining instrument：TDR300 soil nmoisture content analysers (U.S. Spectrum
Technologies companies) unit：ml/100ml.
The different disposal mass water content of soil of table 4
Note：Mass water content of soil
Sampling method：Choosing experiment plot, often handle random 3 points of samplings.Every 0-15cm, 15-30cm are deeply separately sampled, i.e.,
As two different samples, the uniform sampling of same sample cross section, then mix, take a quarter with quartering, then weigh
Fresh soil sample 1kg, is sealed with valve bag, to be measured.
Processing method：Soil sample is put in drying in oven, during which divides different time repeatedly to measure quality of soil sample, until soil sample
Untill quality no longer changes, illustrate soil sample moisture complete evaporation.
Measurement：Claim soil sample dry weight, calculate water content.
Finally it should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still may be used
To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic.
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. peach garden summer sod culture method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) prepare before sowing：In early June, other grass seeds for being sowed original weeds in the ranks or a upper season with grass-mowing machine, beaten from the 5-10cm of ground It is disconnected, nature is laid in ground；(2) grass seeds pre-processes：After the original grass of row interband has been handled, that is, Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds is handled, soak Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds 2 with clear water in shady place My god, water was not there just to be grass seeds to be advisable；(3) sow：After Vigna sinensis sari Va grass seeds soaks, uniform broadcasting or point are sowed at row band centre, and the sowing time preferably selects the 2-3 before rainfall My god, without rainfall, it need on a small quantity irrigate, make normal seed germination within such as after planting 2-3 days；Application rate and density domination are as follows：Such as broadcast sowing, Application rate is with about 2.0-3.0kg/667m2It is advisable；Such as program request, application rate is with 1.0-2.0kg/667m2It is advisable, during program request, every capable band 1-3 bars are broadcast, specifically depending on row bandwidth, per stripe pitch 30cm；(4) after planting manage：Sowing 10 days or so, grass seeds germinate and are unearthed, and late June-early July, select Yu Qiansa composite fertilizer 2-3kg/667m2One It is secondary, promote growth.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109769561A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-21 | 铜仁学院 | A kind of oil tea Sod culture method |
| CN113973676A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-28 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Soil management method for whole-year grass mulching of loquat garden |
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| CN113973676A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-28 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Soil management method for whole-year grass mulching of loquat garden |
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| CN107810791B (en) | 2020-06-19 |
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