CN107801731A - A kind of sesame thinning agent and its application process in sesame plantation - Google Patents
A kind of sesame thinning agent and its application process in sesame plantation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107801731A CN107801731A CN201711147241.9A CN201711147241A CN107801731A CN 107801731 A CN107801731 A CN 107801731A CN 201711147241 A CN201711147241 A CN 201711147241A CN 107801731 A CN107801731 A CN 107801731A
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- sesame
- thinning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
- A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
Abstract
The present invention relates to sesame field of planting, and in particular to a kind of sesame thinning agent and its application process in sesame plantation.The invention provides a kind of sesame thinning agent, by weight percentage, including 0.17%~0.25% ammonium glyphosate, the 2 of 0.5 ‰~1 ‰, 4 D and 99.65%~99.78% water.The thinning in sesame field is carried out using the sesame thinning agent of the present invention, it is easy to operate, alternative artificial progress mechanical work, save recruitment cost.It is used as broadcasting sowing field sesame thinning, weeding, or the plantation application process as the sesame weeding of drilling field present invention also offers the sesame thinning agent, average every mu can save thinning, weeding recruitment 23, save more than yuan/mu of production cost 100.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sesame field of planting, and in particular to a kind of sesame thinning agent and its application side in sesame plantation
Method.
Background technology
Sesame is one of main oil crops in China, long-term 10000000 mu of cultivated area, its per unit area yield and the total yield Jun Ju worlds
First place, is the dominant crop in agricultural restructuring, and traditional export crop.China's sesame is best in quality, and it is sought
Health value is supported both at home and abroad to be favored, in recent years, domestic sesame consumption figure is unprecedented soaring, annual to consume more than 1,300,000 tons, its
In more than 50% rely on import.China's sesame seed products supply deficiency, as Market-Directed Agriculture of Our, modernization and internationalization promote, sesame
Taro Aso's production runs into unprecedented challenge, and wherein planting cost height, low mechanization degree are main bottlenecks.
Sesame is small seed crop, mass of 1000 kernel only 3.0g or so, every kilogram of seed 300,000~350,000, the Yellow River and Huai He River, Yangze river and Huai river main product
The suitable planting density in area is 1~20,000 plants/acre, traditional mode of production mode to ensure sufficient seedling, typically using big application rate (0.5~
0.75kg/ mus) ensure full stand, suitable density of reserved seedlings is reached by multiple artificial thinning again.
Although there is the method for carrying out thinning processing in sesame seedling stage with Gramoxone in the prior art, because of Gramoxone category stem
Leaf contact weedicide, smaller on weeds root system influence, with Gramoxone, weeds grow again soon after sesame seedling stage thinning processing
Out, herbicidal effect is bad；In addition, country disables to Gramoxone.And use other kinds of herbicide to carry out sesame thinning,
Easily diffuse to again and stay seedling region, and then cause to stay the sesame seedling in seedling region dead.Therefore, produced at present in the sesame of reality
In, do not occur the application that sesame thinning is carried out using other types herbicide also.
In addition, the weeds species of sesame Tanaka is various, there is weed growth whole breeding time.Quantity is larger, occurs generally,
Won honour in sesame production process with sesame, strive fertilizer, strive water, directly affects the yield and quality of sesame.And weeds are still
The host of some pest and disease damages, objectively pest and disease damage is encouraged again and has spread.Field occur the larger weeds of quantity have Eclipta prostrata,
Acalypha copperleaf, purslane, lamb's-quarters, Siberian cocklebur, nutgrass flatsedge, lady's-grass, eleusine indica, barnyard grass, moleplant seed, wild oat, green bristlegrass etc..Sesame seedling stage gives birth to
It is long slow, taken around 40 days from insemination and emergence to envelope row.Therebetween on the occasion of hot and humid, weed growth is fast, species is more, number occurs
Amount is big, harm is serious.This phase artificial weeding and thinning generally require 2~3 times, and labor intensity is big, time-consuming.
On sesame young plant weeding, a large amount of reports existing at present.Liu orders north etc. (1991), Zhou Zhongxiang (1996),
Jump peak research in (2012) shows that soil treatment selects 48% trifluralin ec 80~100ml/ mus before broadcasting, and is watered 30~50kg
Native table is uniformly sprayed afterwards, is mixed 3~5cm of soil depths immediately, can be prevented and kill off 1 year raw grassy weed and part broad leaved weed；After planting go out
Before seedling is sprayed after being watered 40~60kg with 48% all your missible oil 130~180ml/ mus, or 48% drag-line missible oil 150~250ml/ mus
Yu Tubiao, 1 year raw grassy weed and part broad leaved weed can be prevented and kill off；After sesame emergence, in the leaf phase of weeds 2~4, with 10.8%
Gallant super herbicide, 15% fluazifop-p-butyl missible oil or 5% smart quizalofopethyl, are watered spraying, raw to 1 year miscellaneous with perennial grass family
Grass have good preventive effect (Wang Ruixia etc., 2014；Guan Liyun, 2013).So far, sesame weeds prevent and kill off it is main
Before bud to seedling stage (Zhang Xianmei, 2009；Wang Yixue, 2014), suitable for sesame field prevent and kill off the herbicide of broad leaved weed compared with
It is few, and poisoning easily is caused to sesame mostly, answer careful dispenser.
Because sesame production lacks suitable thinning agent, herbicide and weeding technique in the prior art, thinning, weeding are always
Manually operation.Whole breeding time artificial thinning, weeding recruitment account for whole production costs 1/3rd, every mu of recruitment cost
120~200 yuan, not only manual labor is heavy, and seedling stage once runs into continuous rainy weather, easily causes seedling famine and farmland running to weeds,
Even result in turn over and plant again, loss is serious.
The content of the invention
In view of this, in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of sesame thinning agent and its
Application process in sesame plantation, efficient thinning, easy to operate, alternative artificial progress mechanical work, saving recruitment cost.
The invention provides a kind of sesame thinning agent, by weight percentage, includes 0.17%~0.25% glyphosate
The water of ammonium salt, 0.5 ‰~1 ‰ 2,4-D and 99.65%~99.78%.
Invention also provides the preparation method of the sesame thinning agent：By the ammonium glyphosate, the 2,4-D and
The water mixing, obtains sesame thinning agent.
Present invention also offers a kind of sesame field seedling-growing method, in 2~3 pairs of leaf periods of sesame, the thinning area to sesame field
Using above-mentioned sesame thinning agent.
Preferably, usage amount of the sesame thinning agent in thinning area is 40~50L/ mus.
Preferably, what the sesame field was divided into thinning area is 50~60cm without seedling line-spacing；The seedling line-spacing that stays in non-thinning area is
20~30cm.
Preferably, the sesame field carries out site preparation pressure grass and soil closing prior to seeding.
Preferably, the sesame field is that number of emerging is 4~50,000 plants/acre and broadcasts sowing field.
Present invention also offers a kind of implantation methods for broadcasting sowing field sesame, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation pressure grass is carried out before sesame sowing；
(2) the sesame Tanaka after site preparation pressure grass is sowed；
(3) soil closing after planting, before emergence is carried out to sesame field；
(4) 2~3 pairs of leaf periods of sesame, thinning is carried out using the method described in claim 2~5 any one；
(5) after seedling between described, weeding before capsule is tied.
Preferably, step (2) is sowed from the sesame variety of resistance to dense planting.
Preferably, step (2) sowing is broadcasted sowing using bilayer.
Preferably, step (3) the soil closing selects isopropyl methoxalamine or Acetochlor as Seal treatment agent.
Preferably, step step (5) described weeding includes：Using above-mentioned sesame thinning agent, after seedling between removing of going out, knot capsule before between
The weeds that seedling row is newly grown.
Present invention also offers a kind of implantation methods of drilling field sesame, comprise the following steps：
(a) sesame broadcasts preplanting treatment；
(b) the sesame Tanaka after the site preparation carries out wide-and narrow-row drilling；
(c) soil closing is carried out to drilling field before the after planting emergence；
(d) gone out in the leaf phase of weeds 3~5, the sesame thinning agent described in usage right requirement 1 except the weeds between wide row
(e) harvest.
Preferably, step (a) site preparation also includes trench digging bedding (ridging), a height of 15~20cm in ridge.
Preferably, the wide row line-spacing of step (b) the wide-and narrow-row drilling is 60~65cm, and narrow row line-spacing is 15~20cm.
Beneficial effect：
The invention provides a kind of sesame thinning agent by ammonium glyphosate and 2,4-D compoundings.Inhale and pass in ammonium glyphosate
The property led is strong, can be absorbed by the green parts of plant, conducts to root until complete stool, hinders plant photosynthesis to cause death,
Itself and high concentration 2,4-D are compounded, can be mutually improved.Carry out broadcasting sowing field seedling using the sesame thinning agent of the present invention, in realizationization
While learning thinning, moreover it is possible to deep layer weeding, the weeds regeneration of thinning region is avoided, it is easy to operate, it is alternative manually to carry out mechanical work
Industry, save recruitment cost.
Sesame thinning agent provided by the invention has safe and efficient sesame field seedling, weeding function.The sesame thinning
Agent absorbability is strong, grows weeding early stage for sesame, can be absorbed by cauline leaf chlorenchyma, and is conducted to stem, root, to for many years
Raw deep root weeds connect root and prevented and kill off, and can prevent and kill off annual, perennial grassy weed, Cyperaceae and broad leaved weed, thinning and weeding
Thoroughly, without respraying.
In the present invention, the sesame thinning agent is oriented into spray applied to field 2-3 is broadcasted sowing to leaf period, chemicals treatment
Thinning row sesame seedling and weeds are all dead；Drilling field orients spray among wide row, and the weeds of chemicals treatment are also all dead,
The effect of thinning and weeding is reached.Using sesame implantation methods provided by the invention, average every mu can save thinning weeding
Work 2~3, save more than yuan/mu of production cost 100.
The present invention is adapted to be entered with glyphosate and 2,4-D formulation agents using high-quality, high yield, resistance to dense planting, anti-fall sesame variety
Seedling in the ranks, density of reserved seedlings elasticity is big, and it is steady to not only improve high yield substantially without influence on yield in the range of mu density 1~20,000 plant
Production, is advantageous to middle and later periods mechanization field management and harvest again.
The technology that the present invention uses is easy, has extensive adaptability；It is bold in innovation, is attacked in idea and method
Gram technical barrier of sesame thinning and weeding, opens sesame and gently simplifies thinning and weeding new way.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that sesame of the present invention broadcasts sowing field seedling-growing method；
Fig. 2 is sesame thinning agent of the present invention and its application process route map in sesame plantation.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of sesame thinning agent, weight percentage, including 0.17%~0.25% it is careless sweet
The water of phosphine ammonium salt, 0.5 ‰~1 ‰ 2,4-D and 99.65%~99.78%.
Sesame thinning agent provided by the invention includes the ammonium glyphosate that weight/mass percentage composition is 0.17%~0.25%, excellent
Elect 0.18~0.22%, more preferably 0.20% as.In the present invention, the ammonium glyphosate can go out except thinning area 2-3 is to true
The Characteristics of Sesame of leaf phase.In the case that orientation sprays, it can be absorbed by sesame and weeds cauline leaf chlorenchyma, and to stem, root
Conduction, reach to connect root to a variety of weeds and go out simultaneously in thinning and remove.It is miscellaneous that ammonium glyphosate can prevent and kill off annual, perennial grass family
Grass, Cyperaceae and broad leaved weed, thinning, weeding is thorough and need not respray.Because ammonium glyphosate is sent out by way of interior suction
The effect of waving, thus orientation it is anti-float spray after will not horizontal proliferation so that the Characteristics of Sesame in other regions loses.
Sesame thinning agent provided by the invention includes 2,4-D, preferably 0.7 ‰ that weight/mass percentage composition is 0.5 ‰~1 ‰
~0.9 ‰, more preferably 0.8 ‰.In the present invention, 2, the 4-D is plant hormone class herbicide, and it is dense selected by the present invention
Compounded in the range of degree with ammonium glyphosate, can reach and the seedlings in thinning area and a variety of broad leaved weed Synergistics are gone out except effect.
Sesame thinning agent provided by the invention includes the water that weight/mass percentage composition is 99.65%~99.78%, is preferably
99.67~99.77%, the water can be running water, preferably deionized water.In the present invention, the effect of the water is
Effectively disperse each component of the sesame thinning agent, the active ingredient in sesame thinning agent is reached suitable concentration.Make simultaneously
Sesame thinning agent facilitates orientation to spray as liquid preparation.
The present invention is not particularly limited to the source of the ammonium glyphosate, 2,4-D and water, conventional commercial product.
The present invention is not particularly limited to the preparation method of the sesame thinning agent, by the ammonium glyphosate, 2, the 4-D and described
Water mixing can be prepared by.
The invention provides a kind of sesame field seedling-growing method, and in 2~3 pairs of leaf periods of sesame, above-mentioned sesame is applied to thinning area
Numb thinning agent.Preferably, thinning is carried out (12~15 days after broadcasting) to leaf period in sesame 2.Now sesame seedling is small, weeds are also at
In 5 leaf phases, the resistance to the action of a drug is weak, easily absorbs to go out by Characteristics of Sesame and weeds after spray and removes.
In the present invention, usage amount of the sesame thinning agent in thinning area is preferably 40~50L/ mus, more preferably
45L/ mus.The usage amount can both reach good thinning effect, be unlikely to allow thinning agent again in underground horizontal proliferation, so as to keep away
Exempt from the seedling in injury Liu Miao areas.
In the present invention, the line-spacing in the sesame field seedling area is preferably 50~60cm, more preferably 55cm；Non- thinning area
Line-spacing be 20~30cm, more preferably 25cm.The present invention sprays thinning agent in thinning area, and spray wide cut is preferably 40~
50cm, more preferably 45cm.It is wide without careless thinning region that spray can form 50~60cm after 5~7 days in thinning row.In the present invention
More specifically in embodiment, the thinning area is also known as thinning row or thinning weeding row；Also known as stay Miao Hanghuo in the non-thinning area
Stay seedling band.
In the present invention, preferred progress site preparation presses soil closing before grass and emergence before the sesame field sowing.The soil
Closing refers to using soil processing herbicide suppression or the weeds sprouted except Tanaka of going out.Preferably, the soil treatment weeding
Isopropyl methoxalamine or Acetochlor are selected in agent.It is furthermore preferred that the present invention with 50% Acetochlor or 96% isopropyl methoxalamine with 0.1~
The dosage of 0.2 liter/mu, 45~55 liters are watered, even spraying soil table, seedling stage major part weeds can be prevented and kill off.
In the present invention, the sesame field is preferably that number of emerging is 4~50,000 plants/acre and broadcasts sowing field, more preferably 4.5 ten thousand
Plant/acre broadcast sowing field.Under the planting density, the living space of weeds between sesame plant can be effectively reduced and compressed.
Sesame is carried out using the sesame thinning agent of the present invention and broadcasts sowing the thinning in field, weeding, and every mu of number of keeping a full stand of seedings should reach 1.5
~2.0 ten thousand plants；The field management such as top dressing, preventing and treating pest and disease damage and artificial removing sesame plant root weeds are carried out after spray in time,
Every mu is stayed seedling number to reach 1.0~2.0 ten thousand plants.The present invention is easy to operate, it is alternative it is artificial carry out mechanical work, save recruitment into
This.Average every mu is saved thinning weeding recruitment 2~3, is saved more than yuan/mu of production cost 100, can effectively control " seedling is waste " and
Time of infertility weeds.
In the present invention, it is preferred to precisely sprayed using the anti-spraying machine that floats of band cover, control spray direction, wide cut and agent
Amount.6~7 days before large area thinning and weeding, the preferred small area carried out within 0.3 mu of the present invention is sprayed in advance, fully to grasp
Spray scope, height and dosage, concentration suitable for local weather, soil, kind and planting type etc., prevent spray not
When causing to hinder seedling.Sesame thinning agent provided by the invention will not diffuse in the case of the amount of spraying and spraying method are rational and stay seedling
Row damages to Characteristics of Sesame, but if spraying excess in slowly drained soil, a certain degree of diffusion also occurs.Therefore,
The present invention preferably antecedent soil moisture, it is calm when spray, to prevent hindering seedling；Prevent the poisoning to people, animal and other crops；Wind is big and ground
Should not spray thinning during table humidity.
Present invention also offers a kind of implantation methods for broadcasting sowing field sesame, comprise the following steps：
(1) preplanting treatment pressure grass is broadcast；
(2) sowed after choosing seeds；
(3) after planting soil closing is carried out before emergence；
(4) thinning is carried out using above-mentioned sesame field seedling method；
(5) weeding；
(6) harvest.
Field sesame implantation methods are broadcasted sowing in the present invention, and the preplanting treatment pressure grass of broadcasting refers to：Root after preceding stubble is received
Stem stalk and other weeds are turned over or rotary tillage is buried in the earth.On the one hand the preplanting treatment pressure grass of broadcasting sows provider for sesame
Just, rhizome and other weeds after stubble is received before being on the other hand advantageous to are decomposed by the microorganisms.As preferable scheme, present invention choosing
Select high-land, soil layer is deep, is easy to irrigation and drainage, non-second crop soil to be planted；Preceding crop can be wheat, rape etc., treat preceding stubble
After crop harvesting, mechanical stubble-cleaning is carried out；Rotary tillage depth 20cm, to turn over weeds.Site preparation and sowing are preferably carried out in the morning or at dusk, are kept away
Exempt from the operation evaporation of water in soil under burning sun.Site preparation requires furrow (railway carriage or compartment, ridge) ditch, Yao Gou, encloses ditch and head drain " four ditches " is supporting；Large area planting site
Block, Fossorial rodents road (covered conduit) draining, drop stain are excavated every 10~15m before broadcasting.Composite fertilizer is preferably applied during site preparation, it is described multiple
Hefei is preferably nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium NPK 25-30kg/ mus, more preferably nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium NPK 28kg/ mus.It is described
In nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium NPK, nitrogen, phosphorus, the content of potassium are respectively preferably 10%~20%, are more respectively preferably 15%.
Field sesame implantation methods are broadcasted sowing in the present invention, also include choosing seeds before sowing.The seed selection is from resistance to dense planting
Sesame variety, more preferably high yield, high-quality, resistance to dense planting, in of short stem, anti-fall sesame variety：Southern area is from golden yellow fiber crops, Jiangxi
The sesame varieties such as sesame No. 5, middle sesame No. 9, it is mid-April to mid-July to fit date of seeding；Yangtse-huaihe region is from Anhui sesame No. 2, Henan sesame
The sesame varieties such as Dw607, Henan sesame Ds899, Anhui sesame No. 5, it is the first tenday period of a month in May to mid-June to fit date of seeding.Select the sesame product of resistance to dense planting
On the one hand kind can ensure the per mu yield of sesame；On the other hand the soil space for staying seedling row can be fully taken with greater density, with it
The growth of other weeds is reduced or avoided in the competitiveness of itself.
Field sesame implantation methods are broadcasted sowing in the present invention, are sowed after site preparation pressure grass.More than national standard two level
The application rate of above-mentioned sesame variety is 0.4~0.6kg/ mus, preferably 0.5kg/ mus.Sesame emergence density is big under the application rate,
On the one hand seedling number is stopped for chopping-out by chemical agent Hou Fei thinnings area, weed growth is on the other hand suppressed by biological competition.It is excellent before sowing
Dressed seed from carbendazim medicament, the ratio of medicine and seed is preferably (0.8~1.2):1000, more preferably 1:1000, that is, mix i.e.
Broadcast.The diseases such as sesame seedling stage stem point rot, droop can be mitigated using carbendazim seed dressing, it is ensured that one broadcasts full stand.
Field sesame implantation methods are broadcasted sowing in the present invention, the sowing preferably broadcasted sowing using bilayer：Preceding stubble is such as miscellaneous after receiving
Grass is less, takes advantage of Earth tide and directly broadcasts sowing first pass seed, the sowing quantity that first pass broadcasts sowing accounts for the 45~55% of whole sowing quantities, more excellent
Elect 50% as.First pass carries out shallow rotation after broadcasting sowing, then remaining seed is all broadcasted sowing, light rake lid kind soil moisture conservation.As weeds are more,
Surface drying is hard, preceding stubble stays stake high or the plot of rape stubble, should carry out deep spinning grass once, lose no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil and broadcast sowing first pass seed, first pass
The sowing quantity broadcasted sowing accounts for the 45~55% of whole sowing quantities, more preferably 50%；First pass is ditched after broadcasting sowing, bedding (railway carriage or compartment,
Ridge), shallow rotation, carry out second of artificial broadcast afterwards, i.e., all broadcast sowing remaining seed, broadcast rear shallow rake earthing, it is appropriate to increase
Application rate.On the one hand double-deck method for sowing can be avoided caused by sowing is irregular, blinding is uneven or sows the reasons such as deep mixed cause
Be short of seedling disconnected ridge；On the other hand drought is met after such as broadcasting be advantageous to first pass and lose no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil the seed sprouting sowed, so that it is guaranteed that one broadcasts full stand.
Field sesame implantation methods are broadcasted sowing in the present invention, and soil closing is after planting carried out before emergence.It is described to broadcast sowing sesame
Field preferably carries out site preparation pressure grass and soil closing prior to seeding.The soil closing, which refers to, to be suppressed or is gone out using soil processing herbicide
The weeds sprouted except Tanaka.Preferably, the soil processing herbicide preferably uses isopropyl methoxalamine or Acetochlor.More preferably
, the present invention, with the dosage of 0.1~0.2 liter/mu, is watered 45~55 liters, uniformly with 50% Acetochlor or 96% isopropyl methoxalamine
Spray native table, seedling stage major part weeds can be prevented and kill off.
Field sesame implantation methods are broadcasted sowing in the present invention, after emergence, field seedling method is broadcasted sowing using above-mentioned sesame and entered in the ranks
Seedling.
Described after seedling is provided by the invention to broadcast sowing the step of field sesame implantation methods also include weeding.The weeding includes
Go out after seedling between removing, before knot capsule, weeds that thinning row is newly grown and the monocotyledon weed and duck plantar that stay seedling row plant root growth
The broad leaved weeds such as grass.
The weeds of thinning row go out removing present invention preferably uses foregoing sesame thinning agent, inhaled in the sesame thinning agent
Property it is strong, the lasting period length, connecting root to perennial deep root weeds prevents and kill off, can prevent and kill off annual, perennial grassy weed, Cyperaceae and
Broad leaved weed, thinning and weeding are thorough, without respraying.
Present invention preferably uses milliliter/mu of 12.5% cover grass energy missible oil 40 or milliliter/mu of 5% Quizalotop-ethyl 100 to be watered
40kg sprays the monocotyledon weed prevented and kill off and stay seedling row plant root；Removed for broad leaved weeds such as dayflowers using directly artificial
Mode.
As preferred embodiment, the present invention imposes 3~5 kilograms of urea for every mu after thinning spray；Full-bloom stage combines
Anti- disease pest, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.1% and 0.1% borax solution 1~2 time.Strengthen disease pest stain drought injury prevention and control, after rain in time
Draining, stain evil occurs after preventing cloudy weather for several days running；The diseases such as the withered, droop of stem point are prevented and treated, in early stage from carbendazim, methyl support
Cloth Tianjin, full field complete stool are sprayed 2~3 times, are spaced 5~7 days.The insect pests such as cutworm, aphid, sesame hawkmoth and fleahopper are prevented and treated, use pyrrole
Worm quinoline adds decis, sprays three age prelarvas, is carried out in the dusk, even spray 2 times, good disinsection effect.
Finally, harvest in good time.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that sesame of the present invention broadcasts sowing field chopping-out by chemical agent method, and it is site preparation " to broadcast sowing field furrow ditch " in figure
When reserve, as used in draining, farm work aisle etc.；" thinning weeding row after spray " and " seedling band is stayed after spray " spreads to be described
Broadcast after sesame field sprays 5~7 days, between spray thinning row forms wide non-without careless thinning region and 20~30cm of 50~60cm
Seedling area.
Present invention also offers a kind of implantation methods of drilling field sesame, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
(a) preplanting treatment is broadcast；
(b) the sesame Tanaka after the site preparation carries out wide-and narrow-row drilling；
(c) after planting soil closing is carried out before emergence；
(d) in the leaf phase of weeds 3~5, above-mentioned sesame thinning agent is used to remove the weeds between wide row；
(e) harvest.
In the implantation methods of the drilling field sesame of the present invention, step (a) site preparation also includes trench digging bedding (ridging),
A height of 15~the 20cm in ridge.The ridge high setting is advantageous to field drainage, prevent heavy rain after sesame by stain.Step (b) wide-and narrow-row
The wide row line-spacing of drilling is preferably 60~65cm, and the line-spacing of narrow row is preferably 15~20cm.The line-spacing is provided with beneficial to spray, machine
The field machinery operations such as tool intertillage, harvest.
In the implantation methods of the drilling field sesame of the present invention, every mu of sowing quantity of step (b) sowing for 0.3~
0.4kg, every mu of number of emerging are 2~30,000 plants.
In the implantation methods of the drilling field sesame of the present invention, the sowing described in step (b) is preferably broadcast using machine bar (cave).
As more specifically embodiment, first pass revolves and not sowed deeply after stubble is received before Yangze river and Huai river, Huang-Huai Area, second time shallow rotation machine sowing, real
Existing rotary tillage, fertilising, sowing, trench digging, suppression synchronously complete.The Northwest can use mechanical plastic film mulch wide-and narrow-row bunch planting, northeast, North China
Area can be broadcast using making ridge wide-and narrow-row bar (cave).
In the drilling field sesame implantation methods of the present invention, soil closing is after planting carried out before emergence.The soil closing
Suppress or kill the weeds that Tanaka is sprouting using Seal treatment agent.Preferably, the Seal treatment agent is from isopropyl first grass
Amine and/or Acetochlor.It is furthermore preferred that the present invention with 50% Acetochlor or 96% isopropyl methoxalamine with the use of 0.1-0.2 liters/mu
Amount, is watered 45~55 liters, even spraying soil table, can prevent and kill off seedling stage major part weeds.
In the implantation methods of the drilling field sesame of the present invention, including the step of growth period weeding.The growth period weeding
It is preferred that in the leaf phase of weeds 3~5, gone out using above-mentioned sesame thinning agent except the weeds between wide row..Specifically, to drilling field emergence 20
The weeds occurred after it, preventing floaing with band cover, spraying machine is among wide row and ditch interior orientation sprays ammonium glyphosate and 2,4-D compoundings
Reagent, spray 40~50cm of wide cut, be limited with not being sprayed onto sesame cauline leaf, can go out except between wide row and ditch in weeds.
Fig. 2 is sesame thinning agent of the present invention and its application process route map in sesame plantation.This method is first
Develop chopping-out by chemical agent and weeding reagent (thinning agent) and the screening sesame variety of resistance to dense planting；Site preparation is carried out to the sesame field planted
Pressure grass processing；Broadcast sowing that field is broadcasted sowing using bilayer, drilling field is sowed using wide-and narrow-row, broadcast rear before seedling and carry out closed soil treatment；Spread
Broadcast field and thinning agent thinning is sprayed to leaf period interlacing orientation in 2-3, drilling field growth period is in wide row interior orientation spray cultivation；In after
Phase strengthens the field management such as top dressing, preventing and treating pest and disease damage, in good time harvest.
Application process with reference to embodiment to a kind of sesame thinning agent provided by the invention and its in sesame plantation
It is described in detail, but they can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Take 33% ammonium glyphosate aqua 515.2ml (the pure content of ammonium glyphosate is 170.0g), 85% 2,4-D pulvis
58.8g (2,4-D pure contents are 50.0g), is diluted with water 5 times and is configured to mother liquor, be then diluted with water to 100L, and the present invention is made
Sesame thinning agent.
Embodiment 2
Take 33% ammonium glyphosate aqua 757.6ml (the pure content of ammonium glyphosate is 250.0g), 85% 2,4-D pulvis
117.4g (2,4-D pure contents are 100.0g), is diluted with water 5 times and is configured to mother liquor, be then diluted with water to 100L, and this hair is made
Bright sesame thinning agent.
Embodiment 3
Take 33% ammonium glyphosate aqua 606.1ml (the pure content of ammonium glyphosate is 200.0g), 85% 2,4-D pulvis
94.1g (2,4-D pure contents are 80.0g), is diluted with water 5 times and is configured to mother liquor, be then diluted with water to 100L, and the present invention is made
Sesame thinning agent.
Embodiment 4
Rotary tillage pressure grass after preceding stubble is received；Select high-quality, high yield, resistance to dense planting, anti-fall No. 2 sesame varieties of Anhui sesame；Field is broadcasted sowing to adopt
The mode broadcasted sowing with bilayer is sowed, every mu of 40,000 plants of seedling number；
Rear before seedling is broadcast, using 50% Acetochlor, with the dosage of 0.5 liter/mu, 50 liters is watered, even spraying soil table, carries out soil
Earth is closed；
Treat that sesame length to 2~3 pairs of leaf periods, with the anti-spraying machine that floats of band cover, is sprayed made from embodiment 1~3 every 80cm
Sesame thinning agent, spray wide cut 45cm, and alternate formation 50-60cm is wide without careless thinning row and 20~30cm after 5~7 days after spray
Wide stays seedling band.Every mu of number of keeping a full stand of seedings reaches 1~20,000 plants.
Every mu of after seedling imposes 4 kilograms of urea between spray；Full-bloom stage combines anti-disease pest, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.1%
With 0.1% borax solution 2 times；Timely draining after rain, stain evil occurs after preventing cloudy weather for several days running；The diseases such as the withered, droop of stem point are prevented and treated, in
Early stage is sprayed 2 times from carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, full field complete stool, is spaced 6 days；Prevent and treat cutworm, aphid, sesame day
The insect pest such as moth and fleahopper, with imidacloprid plus decis, three age prelarvas are sprayed, carried out in the dusk, even spray 2 times.
Harvest in good time.
Table 1：Broadcast sowing field sesame thinning dilution agent multiple screening test application form
Note：This experiment was carried out in 2016, and sesame variety used is " Anhui sesame No. 2 ".
As a result show：Thinning, survival rate of seedlings highest are carried out using sesame thinning agent provided by the invention；There is provided using the present invention
Sesame thinning agent carry out weeding, it is wider relative to the preventing and treating spectrum of ammonium glyphosate single dose, and be difficult to the miscellaneous of prevention and control for some
Careless (such as convexutricle sedge herb) preventive effect is more preferable.The comparing result of the thinning agent of embodiment 1~3 shows：There is provided using the embodiment of the present invention 3
Sesame thinning agent best results.
Embodiment 5
Drilling field, rotary tillage pressure grass after preceding stubble is received；Set using wide-and narrow-row, wide row is away from being 63cm, narrow row away from for 15cm；Selection
High-quality, high yield, resistance to dense planting, anti-fall No. 2 sesame varieties of Anhui sesame；Every mu of seedling number 2~30,000 plant；
Rear before seedling is broadcast, using 50% Acetochlor, with the dosage of 0.5 liter/mu, 50 liters is watered, even spraying soil table, carries out soil
Earth is closed；
In the leaf phase of wide row weeds 3~5, embodiment 1~3 is sprayed with ditch interior orientation among wide row with the anti-spraying machine that floats of band cover
Obtained sesame thinning agent, spray wide cut 45cm, go out except in the ranks with weeds in ditch；
Treat the leaf phase of sesame seedling 2~3, every mu imposes 4 kilograms of urea；Full-bloom stage combines anti-disease pest, the phosphoric acid of foliage-spray 0.1%
Potassium dihydrogen and 0.1% borax solution 2 times；Timely draining after rain, stain evil occurs after preventing cloudy weather for several days running；Prevent and treat withered, droop of stem point etc.
Disease, sprayed 2 times, be spaced 6 days from carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, full field complete stool in early stage；Prevent and treat cutworm, aphid,
The insect pest such as sesame hawkmoth and fleahopper, with imidacloprid plus decis, three age prelarvas are sprayed, carried out in the dusk, even spray 2 times.
Harvest in good time.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sesame thinning agent, by weight percentage, including 0.17%~0.25% ammonium glyphosate, 0.5 ‰~1 ‰
2,4-D and 99.65%~99.78% water.
2. the preparation method of sesame thinning agent described in claim 1, it is characterised in that by the ammonium glyphosate, described 2,4-D
Mixed with the water, obtain sesame thinning agent.
3. a kind of sesame field seedling-growing method, it is characterised in that in 2~3 pairs of leaf periods of sesame, the thinning area to sesame field applies power
Profit requires the sesame thinning agent described in 1.
4. sesame field according to claim 3 seedling-growing method, it is characterised in that the sesame thinning agent makes in thinning area
Dosage is 40~50L/ mus.
5. sesame field according to claim 3 seedling-growing method, it is characterised in that the thinning area without seedling line-spacing be 50~
60cm；The seedling line-spacing that stays in non-thinning area is 20~30cm.
6. sesame field according to claim 3 seedling-growing method, it is characterised in that the sesame field carries out site preparation prior to seeding
Soil is closed before pressure grass and emergence.
7. sesame field according to claim 3 seedling-growing method, it is characterised in that the sesame field is that number of emerging is 4~50,000
Plant/acre broadcast sowing field.
8. a kind of implantation methods for broadcasting sowing field sesame, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) site preparation pressure grass is carried out before sesame sowing；
(2) the sesame Tanaka after site preparation pressure grass is sowed；
(3) soil closing after planting, before emergence is carried out to sesame field；
(4) 2~3 pairs of leaf periods of sesame, thinning is carried out using the method described in claim 3~5 any one；
(5) after seedling between described, weeding before capsule is tied.
9. the implantation methods according to claim 8 for broadcasting sowing field sesame, it is characterised in that step (5) described weeding includes：
Sesame thinning agent described in usage right requirement 1, the weeds that newly grow of thinning row before after seedling between removing of going out, knot capsule.
10. the implantation methods of a kind of drilling field sesame, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(a) sesame broadcasts preplanting treatment；
(b) the sesame Tanaka after the site preparation carries out wide-and narrow-row drilling；
(c) soil closing after planting, before emergence is carried out to drilling field；
(d) gone out in the leaf phase of weeds 3~5, the sesame thinning agent described in usage right requirement 1 except the weeds between wide row.
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| CN110495355A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-26 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of Xinjiang region sesame under-film drip irrigation water-fertilizer integral cultural method |
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| CN104996143A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-28 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for performing segmented seedling thinning on millet by use of herbicide |
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| CN1653904A (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2005-08-17 | 浙江新安化工集团股份有限公司 | Sterilant herbicide and its production process |
| CN104996143A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-28 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for performing segmented seedling thinning on millet by use of herbicide |
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| CN110495355A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-26 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of Xinjiang region sesame under-film drip irrigation water-fertilizer integral cultural method |
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