CN107787346B - 氧清除聚合物组合物 - Google Patents
氧清除聚合物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107787346B CN107787346B CN201680029923.7A CN201680029923A CN107787346B CN 107787346 B CN107787346 B CN 107787346B CN 201680029923 A CN201680029923 A CN 201680029923A CN 107787346 B CN107787346 B CN 107787346B
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- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- polymer
- beverage
- scavenging
- oxygen scavenging
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 claims description 41
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 40
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- CONVKSGEGAVTMB-RXSVEWSESA-M potassium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [K+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] CONVKSGEGAVTMB-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
本发明描述了具有增强的作为氧屏障的特性的聚合物组合物,以及用于此类氧清除聚合物的制造方法以及由此类氧清除聚合物构成的装置。这些氧清除聚合物提供了超过现有材料的若干益处,包括氧气和二氧化碳的减少的渗透该聚合物的能力、在由这些聚合物构成的容器中储存的饮料的减少的发泡、改进的吸湿性、以及增加的抗细菌/抗真菌特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及氧清除聚合物,以及用于制造并且使用此类聚合物的方法以及由此类聚合物组成的装置和容器。更具体地,本发明针对:a)包含疏水聚合物和氧清除剂两者的氧清除聚合物;b)通过将氧清除剂的颗粒分散在疏水聚合物的整个基质中制造氧清除聚合物的方法;并且c)含有氧清除聚合物的装置,其中这些氧清除聚合物包含疏水聚合物和氧清除剂的组合。该氧清除聚合物还可以包含亲水聚合物组分。
背景技术
当包装和储存食品和饮料时,必须将若干因素考虑在内以确保保存那些饮料和食物的风味和其他特性。对于食品和饮料保存领域的技术人员,一个主要关关注点是氧化:在氧气与在食品或饮料内的各种化合物的分子之间发生的化学反应。例如,当啤酒与氧气接触时,可通过氧化反应产生分子如杂醇、乙醛和反式-2-壬烯醛,引起啤酒品起来不新鲜和不适当调味的(品尝这样的啤酒的人员可将它描述为具有不新鲜的“卡纸板”或“纸”风味)。此类作用在较淡醇味、较少酒精的啤酒中是尤其显著的,这些啤酒具有可以迅速地被氧化扰乱的微妙的风味平衡。
为了处理由氧化引起的问题,本领域人员已经开发了用于储存啤酒(以及其他食品和饮料)的方法和材料,其目的是防止氧气与啤酒反应并破坏其风味和味道,并且减少氧气水平以防止微生物的生长。然而,这些保存啤酒(以及其他食品和饮料)的现有方式遭受各种缺点。
例如,食品/饮料保存领域中的一些人已经开发了与氧气反应的“氧清除”材料,消耗储存容器中的氧气以减少该容器中的氧气水平,以便防止氧气与该容器中储存的食品反应。然而,在任何条件下立即与氧气反应的氧清除材料必须立即用于构造容器并将食品/饮料储存在该容器中两者,否则,在将该氧清除材料储存在仓库或其他储存设施中等待使用时,此类材料的氧清除能力将被用完。就其本身而论,出于逻辑原因,已经发现这些材料不适用于在大多数食品/饮料储存应用中使用。
考虑到这个挑战,为了确保容器材料的氧清除能力在即使将食品或饮料储存在该容器中之前不被用完并且耗尽,本领域人员已经尝试开发直到由某种条件(例如湿度)“触发”才清除氧气的材料。本领域的人员已经用各种聚酯进行试验,这些聚酯具有由湿度触发的氧清除特性,并且不可渗透气体。
然而,这些聚酯材料遭受又另一个问题,因为它们由湿度触发的氧清除能力耗时太长,在一些情况下若干小时。并且对于某些食品/饮料,几个小时太长了,到那个时候,氧化反应已经完成了它们的损害,负面地改变了储存在该容器内的风味。
在开发容器材料的尝试中,该容器材料直到将食品和/或饮料储存在由该材料制成的容器内才耗尽其氧清除能力,但是该容器材料还直到它开始清除氧气才过度延迟,一些已经用钴浸渍的聚合物储存食品或饮品来进行试验。然而不幸地,钴在升高的水平下是有毒的,并且含有对于有效氧清除足够量的钴的聚合物因为其中钴的有毒作用而不能合法地用于储存食品/饮料。
因此,仍然需要一种安全无毒的氧清除材料,该氧清除材料可以有效地用于防止储存在包含该氧清除材料的容器中的食品或饮料的氧化。
发明内容
在某些实施例中,本发明针对氧清除聚合物,这些氧清除聚合物包含疏水聚合物和氧清除剂。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该氧清除聚合物还包含亲水聚合物。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,该亲水聚合物和该氧清除剂的颗粒各自分散在该疏水聚合物的整个基质中。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该亲水聚合物选自由乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)和聚酯如聚酰胺组成的组。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含在约5%与20%之间的氧清除剂、以及在约1%与约6%之间的亲水聚合物。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含在10%与约15%之间的氧清除剂、以及在约2%与约5%之间的亲水聚合物。在本发明的还另外的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含约12%的氧清除剂、以及约3%的亲水聚合物。在本发明的某些其他另外的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含约12%的氧清除剂、以及约4%的亲水聚合物。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该氧清除剂的颗粒分散在该疏水聚合物的整个基质中。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含滑石。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该氧清除剂是水活化的氧清除剂。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,该水活化的氧清除剂选自由亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸钠、亚硫酸钾和抗坏血酸钾组成的组。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该疏水聚合物选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:聚烯烃,如聚乙烯或聚丙烯;聚酯,如聚酰胺或聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET);热塑性弹性体,如热塑性硫化产品苯乙烯异戊二烯丁二烯、聚甲基戊烯、聚丁烯-1、聚异丁烯、乙烯丙烯橡胶和乙烯丙烯二烯单体橡胶;以及两种或更多种此类疏水聚合物的共混物。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,该疏水聚合物是热塑性硫化产品。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含在约5%与20%之间的氧清除剂。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含在约10%与约15%之间的氧清除剂。在本发明的还另外的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含约12%的氧清除剂。
在某些实施例中,本发明针对制造氧清除聚合物的方法,那些方法包括将氧清除剂的颗粒分散在疏水聚合物的整个基质中的步骤。在本发明的某些实施例中,这些方法还包括将亲水聚合物分散在该疏水聚合物的整个基质中的步骤。
在本发明的某些实施例中,这些方法还包括将滑石分散在该疏水聚合物的整个基质中的步骤。
在某些实施例中,本发明针对含有氧清除聚合物的装置,该氧清除聚合物包含疏水聚合物和氧清除剂。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含滑石。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该装置是用于饮料容器的封闭件,该封闭件包括壳体和密封元件。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,该壳体由该疏水聚合物构成,这些密封元件由热塑性弹性体构成,并且将该氧清除剂分散在该壳体和/或这些密封元件内。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该疏水聚合物是聚烯烃如聚乙烯或聚丙烯。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该装置是选自下组的装置,该组由以下各项组成:封闭件、液体管线、用于液体的包装以及贮液器。
在某些实施例中,本发明针对一种容器,该容器包含:a)至少一个壁,该至少一个壁包含氧清除聚合物,该氧清除聚合物包含疏水聚合物和氧清除剂,以及b)至少一种饮料或饮料组分。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该容器的容量是在约0.01升与约20升之间。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该容器还包含乙醇和水。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该至少一种饮料或饮料组分选自由饮料、饮料浓缩物、饮料组分和浓缩饮料组分组成的组。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,一定体积的该饮料浓缩物包含该饮料浓缩物衍生自的等体积的饮料的糖含量和醇含量的约2倍与约6倍之间。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,一定体积的该饮料浓缩物包含该饮料浓缩物衍生自的等体积的饮料的糖含量和醇含量的约2.5倍与约3.5倍之间。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该容器是密封容器。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,该密封容器还包含气体。
在某些实施例中,本发明针对制备饮料的方法,这些方法包括以下步骤:提供含有氧清除聚合物的装置,该氧清除聚合物包含亲水聚合物和氧清除剂,并且该装置包含第一容器,该第一容器具有至少一个壁和至少一种饮料组分,并且用液体稀释该饮料组分以制备饮料。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该液体包括水、碳酸水或啤酒。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该至少一种饮料组分选自由饮料、饮料浓缩物、饮料组分和浓缩饮料组分组成的组。在本发明的某些另外的实施例中,该饮料浓缩物是酿造浓缩物。在本发明的还另外的实施例中,该酿造浓缩物是啤酒浓缩物。
在本发明的某些实施例中,这些方法还包括使该饮料碳酸化的步骤。
在本发明的某些实施例中,这些方法还包括将该饮料分配到第二容器内的步骤。
在本发明的某些实施例中,该氧清除剂选自由亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸钠、亚硫酸钾和抗坏血酸钾组成的组。
附图说明
图1是描绘在容纳氧气饱和的水的容器中随时间推移的氧气水平的图。
图2是描绘在容纳氧气饱和的水以及包含第一热塑性硫化产品的基础树脂材料两者的容器中随时间推移的氧气水平的图。
图3是描绘在容纳氧气饱和的水以及包含该第一热塑性硫化产品、乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)和亚硫酸钠的氧清除材料两者的容器中随时间推移的氧气水平的图。
图4是描绘在容纳氧气饱和的水以及包含第二热塑性硫化产品的基础树脂材料两者的容器中随时间推移的氧气水平的图。
图5A和5B是描绘在容纳氧气饱和的水以及包含该第二热塑性硫化产品、乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)和亚硫酸钠的氧清除材料两者的容器中随时间推移的氧气水平的图。
图6是描绘在容纳氧气饱和的水以及包含第三热塑性硫化产品的基础树脂材料两者的容器中随时间推移的氧气水平的图。
图7是描绘在容纳氧气饱和的水以及包含该第三热塑性硫化产品、滑石和亚硫酸钠的氧清除材料两者的容器中随时间推移的氧气水平的图。
图8是描绘在容纳氧气饱和的水以及包含该第三热塑性硫化产品、滑石、乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)和亚硫酸钠的氧清除材料两者的容器中随时间推移的氧气水平的图。
具体实施方式
如以上讨论的,本发明针对包含疏水聚合物和氧清除剂两者的氧清除聚合物。如本领域普通技术人员将认识到,此类氧清除聚合物减少装置或容器中的氧气水平,帮助保护如食品和饮料的物质免受由氧化反应引起的损害、改变和其他作用。
在填充有氧气饱和的水并且烧瓶中没有任何氧清除材料的密封玻璃烧瓶中随时间推移的氧气水平的描绘呈现在图1的图中。如图1中描绘的,并且如本领域技术人员认识到的,在不存在氧清除剂的情况下,该烧瓶中的氧气水平随时间推移保持相对恒定。在食品或饮料存在的情况下,这些恒定的氧气水平导致该容器中的氧化反应以及微生物如真菌或细菌的生长。
图2和图4描绘了在填充有氧气饱和的水并且具有插入到烧瓶内的热塑性弹性体基础树脂(确切地说,热塑性硫化产品)的密封玻璃烧瓶中随时间推移的氧气水平,并且图6描绘了在填充有具有大约8000ppm的氧气浓度的去矿质的自来水并且具有插入到烧瓶内的热塑性弹性体基础树脂(确切地说,热塑性硫化产品)的密封玻璃烧瓶中随时间推移的氧气水平。图2描绘了填充有水的玻璃烧瓶中的氧气水平,第一类型的热塑性硫化产品的样品已经插入到该烧瓶内,图4描绘了填充有水的玻璃烧瓶中的氧气水平,第二类型的热塑性硫化产品的样品已经插入该烧瓶内,并且图6描绘了填充有水的玻璃烧瓶中的氧气水平,第三类型的热塑性硫化产品的样品已经插入该烧瓶内。出于本发明的目的,虽然在图2、图4和图6中测量的氧气含量随时间推移逐渐减小,但是热塑性弹性体基础树脂自身不足够迅速地清除氧气。
出于本发明的目的,术语“氧清除”指的是与环境氧气反应,从而减少与该“氧清除”材料接触的一定体积的气体或液体中的氧气的量的材料。例如,位于密闭容器的内部中的氧清除材料将随时间推移减少该密闭容器中的环境氧气水平,因为该容器内的氧气经由与该氧清除材料的氧化反应被消耗。
在本发明的实施例中,该氧清除材料是包含疏水聚合物和氧清除剂两者的氧清除聚合物。疏水聚合物包含比亲水聚合物相对更少的极性官能团,致使这些疏水聚合物不可溶于水中。在一些优选的实施例中,该疏水聚合物是聚烯烃,如聚乙烯或聚丙烯,聚酯,如聚酰胺或聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET),热塑性弹性体,如热塑性硫化产品、苯乙烯异戊二烯丁二烯、聚甲基戊烯、聚丁烯-1、聚异丁烯、乙烯丙烯橡胶或乙烯丙烯二烯单体橡胶,或两种或更多种此类疏水聚合物的共混物。该疏水聚合物充当水分的屏障并且在环境温度下对于水蒸气是相对不可渗透的。
在本发明的一些优选的实施例中,该疏水聚合物是热塑性硫化产品,如(例如)热塑性弹性体(TPE)家族中的一组软的、可着色的特种热塑性硫化产品(TPV)之一。这些热塑性硫化产品可以用于例如非脂肪食品接触应用中。
在本发明的各种实施例中,该氧清除剂可以包含分散在该疏水聚合物的整个基质中的氧清除材料的颗粒。在本发明的各种实施例中,分散在整个疏水聚合物基质中的该氧清除剂可以是通过湿度/水吸收活化的水活化的氧清除材料。此类水活化的氧清除材料包括亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸钠、亚硫酸钾和抗坏血酸钾。在本发明的一些优选的实施例中,分散在整个该疏水聚合物基质中的氧清除材料是亚硫酸钠。
在本发明的各种实施例中,该氧清除聚合物材料可包含在约5%与20%之间的氧清除剂、在约10%与约15%之间的氧清除剂或在约12%与约13%之间的氧清除剂。在本发明的一些优选的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物包含约12%的亚硫酸钠。
如本领域普通技术人员将认识到,太少或太多的氧清除剂例如像亚硫酸钠将该氧清除聚合物的氧清除速率减少到较小的有效水平。此外,如本领域普通技术人员还将认识到,食品或饮料中过量的亚硫酸盐可以在亚硫酸盐敏感的个体中引起负反应,并且因此在本发明的一些实施例中该氧清除聚合物中亚硫酸钠的水平可能受限制。
在本发明的一些实施例中,该氧清除材料还包含一种或多种亲水聚合物。亲水聚合物包含极性或带电荷的官能团,这些官能团给予这些聚合物对水的更大亲和力,并且可致使该亲水聚合物为水溶性的。在本发明的一些优选实施例中,将该亲水聚合物连同该氧清除剂分散在疏水聚合物的整个基质中。据信当将分散在整个疏水基质中时,该亲水聚合物将水分传导到分散在整个疏水基质中的该氧清除剂。这导致该氧清除剂与水蒸气反应以清除氧气并且迅速地减少周围环境的氧气水平。
在本发明的一些优选实施例中,该亲水聚合物包含乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)或聚酯如聚酰胺。在这些实施例中,该氧清除聚合物材料可包含在约1%与约6%之间的亲水聚合物、或在约2%与约5%之间的亲水聚合物。在一些优选的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物材料包含约3%的EVOH和约12%的亚硫酸钠。在其他优选的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物材料包含约4%的EVOH和约12%的亚硫酸钠。
在本发明的一些示例性实施例中,该氧清除聚合物可以包含滑石。在这些实施例中,该滑石可促进到该氧清除聚合物内的水分的吸附。在本发明的这些示例性实施例中的一些中,该氧清除聚合物可包含在约1%与约10%之间的滑石。在某些优选的实施例中,该氧清除聚合物可以包含在约4%与约6%之间的滑石。
在本发明的一些实施例中,可以制造并且使用包含该氧清除聚合物的各种装置。在本发明的一些实施例中,该装置可以是用于储存、运输或分配啤酒的设备。然而,在本发明的其他实施例中,该装置可以是用于储存、运输或分配其他饮料的设备,其他饮料是如苹果酒、酒、基于麦芽的饮料、发酵饮料、基于苹果酒的饮料、烈酒、果汁、糖浆、碳酸或非碳酸软饮品、咖啡或茶。类似地,该装置可以是用于储存或运输食物或食品或饮料的成分的设备,这些成分包括固体或液体成分,如啤酒花浓缩物、水果浓缩物、甜味剂、苦味添加剂、浓缩香料、发泡促进剂、基于浓缩麦芽的液体、浓缩发酵液体、浓缩啤酒、着色剂、调味品添加剂及其混合物。在某些情况下,这些成分(例如酒精浓缩啤酒)可能是酒精成分。合适的调味剂添加剂的实例包括(但不限于)香料调味剂、水果调味剂、啤酒花调味剂、麦芽调味剂、坚果调味剂、烟调味剂、其他合适的调味剂(如咖啡调味剂或巧克力调味剂)以及此类调味剂的混合物。
出于本发明的目的,术语“啤酒”被定义为通过使用酵母在水中酿造并且发酵淀粉源而产生的饮料。合适的淀粉源包括但不限于谷物,如大麦、小麦、玉米、水稻、高粱和小米。其他淀粉源,如木薯、甘蔗和马铃薯,还可以被用作淀粉源来生产啤酒。类似地,可以使用各种酵母的菌株来发酵“啤酒”,包括但不限于麦芽酒酵母菌株(“顶部发酵”酵母)和贮藏啤酒酵母菌株(“底部发酵”酵母)。
出于本发明的目的,术语“啤酒”包括但不限于在具体州的法律、法规或标准下被定义为“啤酒”的具体饮料子集。例如,德国Reinheitsgebot声明了,具有除了水、大麦麦芽和啤酒花之外的成分的饮料不能被认为是“啤酒”-但是出于本发明的目的,术语“啤酒”没有这样的成分限制。类似地,出于本发明的目的,术语“啤酒”不意味着或暗示对饮料的酒精含量的限制。
在本发明的一些示例性实施例中,该用于储存、分配或运输啤酒的装置是用于饮料容器的封闭件(例如,盖或接片),该封闭件包括壳体以及密封元件两者。当将该封闭件固定到该容器的嘴部上时,这些密封元件适合于将该封闭件的壳体密封到该容器的嘴部上。在这些示例性封闭件的一些优选的实施例中,该封闭件的壳体由疏水聚合物(例如聚烯烃如聚乙烯或聚丙烯)构成,并且这些密封元件由热塑性弹性体(如热塑性硫化产品)构成。在本发明的优选实施例中,将氧清除剂如亚硫酸钠分散在整个密封元件、壳体或两者中。
在本发明的一些其他示例性实施例中,该用于储存、分配或运输啤酒的装置可以是以下各项中的任一种:用于储存一份或多份啤酒或其他饮料的瓶、罐或其他容器或包装;用于储存啤酒调味剂、啤酒浓缩物或其他饮料、饮料浓缩物、成分或浓缩成分的舱、包、胶囊、筒或其他容器;液体管线或用于通过该液体管线运输啤酒或其他饮料的其一部分;以及用于容纳一份或多份啤酒或其他饮料的储存器或类似容器。在其中该装置是容器的本发明的示例性实施例中,该容器的容量范围可以是从仅仅0.01升至多至20升。
在本发明的这些示例性实施例中,该容器可以包含至少一个壁,即至少一个包含本发明的氧清除聚合物的壁。如以上描述的,该容器可以包含一种或多种饮料、浓缩饮料、饮料组分或浓缩饮料组分。在一些实施例中,该容器是含有气体的密封容器。在这些实施例中,该气体可以是用于使该密封容器中的饮料或浓缩饮料加压的加压气体,包括但不限于二氧化碳、氮气、二氧化氮和一氧化二氮中的一种或多种。在这些实施例中,将该加压气体溶解于该浓缩饮料中。在一些实施例中,该气体可以是惰性气体。
在本发明的一些实施例中,通过将液体与包含在本发明的容器内的饮料或饮料组分组合来生产饮料。在本发明的某些示例性实施例中,将水添加至该浓缩饮料中以产生适合于消费的饮料。在其他实施例中,该水是碳酸水或啤酒。在其他示例性实施例中,通过将浓缩饮料与水混合产生的饮料通过将附加的二氧化碳溶解(通过本领域技术人员已知的鼓泡或等效工艺)于该饮料中进行碳酸化。在本发明的示例性实施例中,同样可以将附加的醇、调味剂、着色剂或其他成分添加至该饮料中。
在以上描述的示例性装置中,该氧清除聚合物可具有一种或多种有益作用。该氧清除聚合物吸收水分和水蒸气并且清除装置中的氧,减少在品尝从这些装置容纳、运输并且分配的啤酒时氧化反应的作用。该氧清除聚合物还有助于防止微生物生长,如真菌、细菌和其他不希望的生物体的生长。而且该氧清除聚合物帮助促进该啤酒的表面上的令人希望的泡沫量。
实例
以下实例描述了本发明的氧清除聚合物的示例性实施例。这些示例性实施例各自包括从该氧清除聚合物的注射模制板上切下的氧清除聚合物的样品。
实例1:
在环境条件(例如,约960毫巴至约970毫巴的环境压力,以及约23℃的温度)下,用60cc的已经被氧气饱和的水填充四个玻璃烧瓶,并将氧气传感器放置在这些烧瓶中以测量这些烧瓶内的氧气水平(以十亿分率计)。
将称量为3.5克和2mm厚的第一示例性氧清除聚合物的样品放置在这四个烧瓶中的每一个中,并且然后密封这些烧瓶。一旦该烧瓶中的氧气含量达到接近零,打开这些烧瓶,倒空水,并且将这些烧瓶再填充有氧气饱和的水并且再密封。图3说明了在这四个测量的玻璃烧瓶中随时间推移的氧气水平(以十亿分率计)。一旦该烧瓶中的氧气耗尽,用新体积的氧气饱和的水重复测量两次。
在由图3说明的实验中使用的氧清除聚合物的第一示例性实施例是由在图2中描绘的实验中使用的第一类型的热塑性硫化产品、以及12%的亚硫酸钠和3%的乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)构成。
在与在图2中描绘的实验中使用的热塑性弹性体基础树脂(包含该第一类型的热塑性硫化产品)的比较中,当将该氧清除聚合物首先放置在烧瓶中时,该氧清除聚合物的第一示例性实施例比该热塑性弹性体基础树脂以大得多的速率(大了数千倍)吸收氧气。在第一试验期间,在图2中描绘的实验中利用的材料具有0.34±0.15的归一化反应常数,而在图3中描绘的实验中使用的第一示例性氧清除聚合物具有6244±838的归一化反应常数。甚至当将这些烧瓶再填充有氧气饱和的水时,该第一示例性氧清除聚合物的归一化反应常数是图2中描绘的热塑性弹性体基础树脂的归一化反应常数的数百倍。
实例2:
在环境条件(例如,约960毫巴至约970毫巴的环境压力,以及约23℃的温度)下,用60cc的已经被氧气饱和的水填充四个玻璃烧瓶,并将氧气传感器放置在这些烧瓶中以测量这些烧瓶内的氧气水平(以十亿分率计)。
将称量为3.5克和2mm厚的第二示例性氧清除聚合物的样品放置在这四个烧瓶中的每一个中,并且然后密封这些烧瓶。一旦该烧瓶中的氧气含量达到接近零,打开这些烧瓶,倒空水,并且将这些烧瓶再填充有氧气饱和的水并且再密封。图5A和图5B说明了在这四个测量的玻璃烧瓶中随时间推移的氧气水平(以十亿分率计)。一旦该烧瓶中的氧气耗尽,用新体积的氧气饱和的水重复测量六次。
在由图5A和图5B说明的实验中使用的氧清除聚合物的第二示例性实施例是由在图4中描绘的实验中使用的第二类型的热塑性硫化产品、以及12%的亚硫酸钠和3%的乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)构成。
在与在图4中描绘的实验中使用的热塑性弹性体基础树脂(包含该第二类型的热塑性硫化产品)的比较中,当将该氧清除聚合物首先放置在烧瓶中时,该氧清除聚合物的第二示例性实施例比该热塑性弹性体基础树脂以大得多的速率(大了数千倍)吸收氧气。在第一试验期间,在图4中描绘的实验中利用的材料具有0.35±0.21的归一化反应常数,而在图5A和图5B中描绘的实验中使用的第二示例性氧清除聚合物具有18420±8750的归一化反应常数。甚至当将这些烧瓶再填充有氧气饱和的水时,该第二示例性氧清除聚合物的归一化反应常数仍然是图4中描绘的热塑性弹性体基础树脂的归一化反应常数的数百倍。
实例3:
图7和图8各自说明了在两个分开组的填充有去矿质的自来水(具有8000ppm的氧气含量)的四个玻璃烧瓶中随时间推移的氧气水平。对于图7中描绘的实验,将称量为0.66克和2mm厚的本发明的氧清除聚合物的第三示例性实施例的样品放置在第一组四个烧瓶的四个玻璃烧瓶中的每一个中,密封这些烧瓶,并且随时间推移测量这些烧瓶中的氧气水平(以十亿分率计)。对于图8中描绘的实验,将称量为0.66克和2mm厚的本发明的氧清除聚合物的第三示例性实施例的样品放置在第一组四个烧瓶的四个玻璃烧瓶中的每一个中,密封这些烧瓶,并且随时间推移测量这些烧瓶中的氧气水平(以十亿分率计)。在每个实验中,一旦该烧瓶中的氧气耗尽,用新体积的氧气饱和的水重复测量两次。
在由图7说明的实验中使用的氧清除聚合物的第三示例性实施例是由在图6中描绘的实验中使用的第三类型的热塑性硫化产品、以及滑石和12%的亚硫酸钠构成。在由图8说明的实验中使用的氧清除聚合物的第四示例性实施例是由在图6中描绘的实验中使用的第三类型的热塑性硫化产品、以及滑石、12%的亚硫酸钠和4%的乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)构成。
在与在图6中描绘的实验中使用的热塑性弹性体基础树脂(包含该第三类型的热塑性硫化产品)的比较中,当将那些示例性氧清除聚合物首先放置在烧瓶中时,第三和第四示例性氧清除聚合物比该热塑性弹性体基础树脂以大得多的速率吸收氧气。而且甚至当将这些烧瓶再填充有去矿质的自来水时,图7和图8的第三和第四示例性氧清除聚合物比图6中描绘的热塑性弹性体基础树脂以快得多的速率反应。
出于说明的目的,已经描述了本发明的实施例和实例。本领域的技术人员将从本说明书中认识到,所描述的实施例和实例不是限制性的,并且可以用仅由所附权利要求的精神和范围限定的修改和更改来实践,这些所附权利要求书的精神和范围旨在覆盖此类修改和更改,以便提供对本发明的各种实施例及其等效物的广泛保护。
Claims (11)
1.一种氧清除聚合物,该氧清除聚合物包含:
疏水聚合物,所述疏水聚合物选自热塑性弹性体;以及
10%与15%之间的水活化的氧清除剂,所述氧清除剂选自由亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸钠、亚硫酸钾和抗坏血酸钾组成的组,以及
1%与6%之间的亲水聚合物,所述亲水聚合物选自由乙烯乙烯醇和聚乙烯醇组成的组,
其中该亲水聚合物和该氧清除剂的颗粒各自分散在该疏水聚合物的整个基质中,
其中该疏水聚合物充当水分的屏障并且在环境温度下对于水蒸气是不可渗透的,
其中该氧清除聚合物不含对于有效氧清除足够量的钴。
2.如权利要求1所述的氧清除聚合物,其中该氧清除聚合物包含在12%与13%之间的氧清除剂、以及在2%与5%之间的亲水聚合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的氧清除聚合物,其中该热塑性弹性体选自下组:热塑性硫化产品苯乙烯异戊二烯丁二烯、聚甲基戊烯、聚丁烯-1、聚异丁烯、乙烯丙烯橡胶和乙烯丙烯二烯单体橡胶;以及两种或更多种此类热塑性弹性体的共混物。
4.如权利要求1所述的氧清除聚合物,其中该氧清除聚合物包含滑石。
5.一种含有氧清除聚合物的装置,该氧清除聚合物包含:
a)疏水聚合物,所述疏水聚合物选自热塑性弹性体;
b)10%与15%之间的水活化的氧清除剂,所述氧清除剂选自由亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸钠、亚硫酸钾和抗坏血酸钾组成的组;以及
c)1%与6%之间的亲水聚合物,所述亲水聚合物选自由乙烯乙烯醇和聚乙烯醇组成的组,
其中该亲水聚合物和该氧清除剂的颗粒各自分散在该疏水聚合物的整个基质中,
其中该疏水聚合物充当水分的屏障并且在环境温度下对于水蒸气是不可渗透的,
其中该氧清除聚合物不含对于有效氧清除足够量的钴。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置,其中该装置是用于饮料容器的封闭件,该封闭件包括壳体和密封元件。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置,其中该壳体由该疏水聚合物构成,这些密封元件由热塑性弹性体构成,并且将该氧清除剂分散在这些密封元件内。
8.一种容器,该容器包含:
a)至少一个壁,该至少一个壁包含如权利要求1所述的氧清除聚合物;以及
b)至少一种饮料或饮料组分。
9.如权利要求8所述的容器,其中该至少一种饮料或饮料组分选自由饮料、饮料浓缩物、饮料组分和浓缩饮料组分组成的组。
10.如权利要求9所述的容器,其中一定体积的该饮料浓缩物包含该饮料浓缩物衍生自的等体积的饮料的糖含量和醇含量的2倍与6倍之间。
11.一种用于制备饮料的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
a)提供如权利要求5所述的装置,其中该装置包括第一容器,该第一容器包含至少一个壁以及至少一种饮料组分,并且
b)用液体稀释该饮料组分以制备饮料。
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