CN107769652B - 一种永磁同步电机分步反推滑模控制方法 - Google Patents

一种永磁同步电机分步反推滑模控制方法 Download PDF

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CN107769652B
CN107769652B CN201711067457.4A CN201711067457A CN107769652B CN 107769652 B CN107769652 B CN 107769652B CN 201711067457 A CN201711067457 A CN 201711067457A CN 107769652 B CN107769652 B CN 107769652B
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permanent magnet
synchronous motor
magnet synchronous
mode control
sliding mode
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CN107769652A (zh
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何金保
骆再飞
易新华
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Ningbo University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/05Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/0003Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
    • H02P21/0007Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control using sliding mode control

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Abstract

本发明提供一种永磁同步电机分步反推滑模控制方法,针对永磁同步电机复杂系统的控制器设计问题,提出了分步反推滑模控制方法,有效的解决了内在和外在干扰问题,思路清晰,易于理解。设计了非线性滑模面,而且在控制律设计中包含了干扰自适应调节观测器,可以有效消弱抖振。本发明针对有干扰和不确定性不满足匹配条件的复杂系统,优势明显,大大提高了系统的鲁棒性,实现简单,具有很好的应用前景。

Description

一种永磁同步电机分步反推滑模控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种永磁同步电机分步反推滑模控制方法。
背景技术
永磁同步电机(PMSM)具备十分优良的低速性能、可以实现弱磁高速控制,调速范围宽广、动态特性和效率都很高,而且无需激磁电流,提高了电机效率和功率密度,永磁同步电机已经成为伺服系统的主流之选,广泛应用于数控机床、工业机器人等领域。
随着微电子技术、微处理器、控制技术的发展,使得很多算法复杂的控制策略可以应用到电机控制中。反推法,是一种针对不确定非线性系统的控制策略,其基本原理就是从系统的输出开始向控制输入回推,首先把系统分解成不超过系统阶数的子系统,逐步对每个子系统采用Lyapunov函数方法,设计反馈控制律和参数自适应估计,一直后退到整个系统,最终实现系统全局渐进稳定和跟踪。国内外学者对交流伺服系统的反推滑模控制策略研究取得了一定的成果,比如:非线性二元机翼的自适应反演滑模控制方法及装置(发明专利,申请号号:201510762272X),一种机动飞行器多终端约束反演滑模末制导方法(发明专利,申请号:2014106103229),由于永磁同步电机系统外在干扰和系统建模不准确性,导致目前的目前反推滑模控制效果不够理想,还有一些理论问题未解决。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点,为了提高永磁同步电机系统性能,消弱滑模变结构控制的抖振,本发明提供一种永磁同步电机分步反推滑模控制方法。
永磁同步电机的状态方程如下式:
Figure BDA0001455819940000011
其中Ap=-B/J,Bp=Kt/J,J为转动惯量,B是粘滞摩擦系数,Kt是感应系数与极对数乘积,Δd(t)表示内在和外在干扰,内在干扰主要来自建模参数的不确定性,
其特征在于:采用滑模面为
Figure BDA0001455819940000012
其中e=x1-x1d
Figure BDA0001455819940000013
β1,β2为常数,Δd(t)干扰自适应调节观测器为
Figure BDA0001455819940000014
分步反推设计方法为
步骤一:
定义
Figure BDA0001455819940000021
定义Lyapunov函数
Figure BDA0001455819940000022
Figure BDA0001455819940000023
步骤二:
定义
Figure BDA0001455819940000024
其中
Figure BDA0001455819940000025
为Δd(t)的估计值,
Figure BDA0001455819940000026
在λ1>0,λ2>0,λ11-α)>α+0.25,
Figure BDA0001455819940000027
设计控制律为
Figure BDA0001455819940000028
则整个系统是稳定的。
综上所述,本发明针对永磁同步电机复杂系统的控制器设计问题,提出了分步反推滑模控制方法,有效的解决了内在和外在干扰问题,思路清晰,易于理解。并且,设计了非线性滑模面,在控制律设计中包含了干扰自适应调节观测器,可以有效减少系统干扰消弱抖振。本发明针对有干扰和不确定性不满足匹配条件的复杂系统,优势明显,大大提高了系统的鲁棒性,实现简单,具有很好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明控制方法设计流程图。
图2为本发明实施例位置跟踪曲线。
图3为本发明实施例位置跟踪误差曲线。
图4为为本发明实施例控制输入。
图5为本发明实施例滑模面。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地实施。
永磁同步电机的状态方程如下式:
Figure BDA0001455819940000031
其中Ap=-B/J,Bp=Kt/J,J为转动惯量,B是粘滞摩擦系数,Kt是感应系数与极对数乘积,Δd(t)表示内在和外在干扰,内在干扰主要来自建模参数的不确定性,
Δd(t)干扰自适应调节观测器为
Figure BDA0001455819940000032
采用滑模面为:
Figure BDA0001455819940000033
其中e=x1-x1d
Figure BDA0001455819940000034
β1,β2为常数,分步反推设计方法为
步骤一:
定义
Figure BDA0001455819940000035
定义Lyapunov函数
Figure BDA0001455819940000036
Figure BDA0001455819940000037
步骤二:
定义
Figure BDA0001455819940000038
其中
Figure BDA0001455819940000039
为Δd(t)的估计值,
Figure BDA00014558199400000310
Figure BDA0001455819940000041
把上式代入
Figure BDA0001455819940000042
Figure BDA0001455819940000043
取控制律为
Figure BDA0001455819940000044
其中λ1、λ2为正的常数。
将控制律代入
Figure BDA0001455819940000045
得到
Figure BDA0001455819940000046
取Δd(t)干扰自适应调节观测器为
Figure BDA0001455819940000047
因此有
Figure BDA0001455819940000048
满足下列不等式组条件下,可得到
Figure BDA0001455819940000049
λ1>0,λ2>0
λ1(β1-α)>α+0.25
Figure BDA00014558199400000410
根据Lyapunov稳定性理论知,系统是渐近稳定的,证毕。
由MATLAB仿真结果,判断是否需要参数调整,若需要调整,返回修改参数。考虑如下永磁同步电机位置交流伺服系统:
Figure BDA0001455819940000051
控制律为
Figure BDA0001455819940000052
其中选择参数,λ1=20,λ2=20,β1=1,α=1/2,β2=1,Ap=-14.62,Bp=5.34,假设位置指令为x1d=sin(2t),滑模面
Figure BDA0001455819940000053
初始位置x0=[0.5,0],Δd(x,t)=3.6+0.4sin(t/2),
Figure BDA0001455819940000054
Terminal时间为T=0.5,初始条件θr(t0)=1.5,干扰自适应调节观测器取为取为
Figure BDA0001455819940000055
仿真结果如图2-图5,图2中虚线是位置参考信号,实线是位置跟踪信号。从图中可以看出分步反推滑模控制算法有效削弱抖振,系统跟踪误差在有限时间内收敛到零。
综上所述,本发明针对永磁同步电机复杂系统的控制器设计问题,提出了分步反推滑模控制方法,有效的解决了外在干扰和建模参数的不确定性问题,思路清晰,易于理解。设计了非线性滑模面,而且在控制律设计中包含了干扰自适应调节观测器,可以有效减少系统干扰消弱抖振。本发明针对有干扰和不确定性不满足匹配条件的复杂系统,优势明显,大大提高了系统的鲁棒性,实现简单,有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具有高度应用价值。

Claims (1)

1.一种永磁同步电机分步反推滑模控制方法,永磁同步电机的状态方程如下式:
Figure FDA0002377445650000011
其中Ap=-B/J,Bp=Kt/J,J为转动惯量,B是粘滞摩擦系数,Kt是感应系数与极对数乘积,Δd(t)表示内在和外在干扰,x1(t)、x2(t)分别表示状态变量、状态变量导数,u(t)表示控制输入,其特征在于:采用滑模面为
Figure FDA0002377445650000012
其中e=x1-x1d
Figure FDA0002377445650000013
e、x1和x1d分别表示误差、位移状态和位移目标值,β1,β2为常数,p(t)表示终端函数,Δd(t)干扰自适应调节观测器为
Figure FDA0002377445650000014
分步反推设计方法为
步骤一:
定义
Figure FDA0002377445650000015
ψ是误差中间量,α是常数,
定义Lyapunov函数
Figure FDA0002377445650000016
Figure FDA0002377445650000017
步骤二:
定义
Figure FDA0002377445650000018
其中
Figure FDA0002377445650000019
为Δd(t)的估计值,
Figure FDA00023774456500000110
在λ1>0,λ2>0,λ11-α)>α+0.25,
Figure FDA00023774456500000111
设计控制律为
Figure FDA00023774456500000112
其中λ1,λ2是常数,则整个系统是稳定的。
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