CN107750694A - A kind of high-yield method of Ponkan - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield method of Ponkan Download PDFInfo
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- CN107750694A CN107750694A CN201711179100.5A CN201711179100A CN107750694A CN 107750694 A CN107750694 A CN 107750694A CN 201711179100 A CN201711179100 A CN 201711179100A CN 107750694 A CN107750694 A CN 107750694A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-yield method of Ponkan, comprise the following steps：(1) trimming of brick wood；(2) selection and processing of scion；(3) grafting；(4) managing after grafting.Wherein, for being soaked in before the branch grafting of grafting by gibberellic acid, horseshoe bark extract, citrus bark extract, remaining is the growth accelerator solution of water composition；The Wound-healing agent that film is made up of titanium dioxide, Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract, PAA, SKGM after grafting, it is of the invention to advanced age Ponkan fruit tree transformation height of tree crown and tree-like, effectively solves the problems, such as advanced age Ponkan fruit tree cella inanition, improve the fruit quality and yield of Ponkan, promote the increasing both production and income of Ponkan, increase economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, and in particular to a kind of high-yield method of Ponkan.
Background technology
Ponkan is typically born in hillside woods side, or in bushes, Ponkan strong adaptability, happiness is nice and cool, the environment of moistening, i.e., cold-resistant
High temperature resistant again, can grow between -36~43 DEG C.Light be also resistant to it is shady, be typically distributed about bare hills and mountains, tailo, half tailo,
Mountain valley, the gradient is preferably 15~25 degree.It is drought-enduring, during excess moisture, the easy excessive growth of branches and leaves.Not strict is required to soil, but in soil
Layer depth is thick, fertile, loose, the well-drained subacidity sandy loam well-grown of quality.
After the Ponkan age of tree is more than 20 years, Ponkan tree crown may be up to 4~5 meters, and tree crown leaf juxtaposition, masking is sternly
Weight, middle lower floor's cella is hollow, and setting fruit position moves up, and effective result volume is reduced, management cost increase, and yield, quality are increasingly
Decline, it is low in economic efficiency.Therefore, " rejuvenation " technology is implemented to advanced age Ponkan, takes retraction grafting, rejuvenation, downgrades skill
Art, height of tree crown and tree-like is transformed, the fruit quality and yield of Ponkan can be improved, promote agricultural production and income, improve economic effect
Benefit.
The content of the invention
Hollow, the technical problem to yield poorly, there is provided a kind of high yield of Ponkan instant invention overcomes advanced age Ponkan fruit tree cella
Method.
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of high-yield method of Ponkan, comprises the following steps：
(1) trimming of brick wood：Select aged fruit tree, First Year trimming：Selection height is 1~1.5 meter, a diameter of 2~3cm
Limb, carry out cutting abdomen and retain tree crown；Second Year is trimmed：Selection height for 1.5~2 meters, enter by a diameter of 4~6cm limb
Row cut-grafting；
(2) selection and processing of scion：Same breed, stalwartness, aging branch are selected, after cutting branch, by branch root
It is standby that portion is impregnated in 5~10min in growth accelerator solution；
(3) grafting：In the brick wood that the branch that step (2) obtains is grafted in step (1), after smearing Wound-healing agent, use
Film packs tightly, then colligation；During First Year grafting, every 1 meter of limb grafting 5~6 connects a species of orchid, during Second Year grafting：Each cut-grafting
Mouth grafting 2~4 connects a species of orchid；
(4) managing after grafting：
Cut brick：After the Second Year Spring Equinox before Clear and Bright, remarry and refuse 3/5ths or 4/5ths at the 20cm above the place of connecing
Branch, it is left branch and is used as auxiliary support branch, amputates after branch to more than diameter 2cm branch wound smearing anti-cracking agent；When connecing a species of orchid branch
When bar length is to 10~15cm, auxiliary support branch is rolled over into branch, the xylem of half is twisted off, bast is connected with branch into 90 degree；
Folding branch is subtracted after connecing a species of orchid twig and turning green；
Bud picking：The sprouting grown to the branch otch and cut-grafting interface that amputate is erased.
Wherein, described growth accelerator solution is made up of the following raw material of weight/mass percentage composition：Gibberellic acid 0.01%, horseshoe
Bark extract 0.1~1%, citrus bark extract 2~5%, remaining is water.
Wherein, it is described to be made up of the following raw material of mass parts：2~5 parts of titanium dioxide, Buffalo bur alcohol extract 22~
35 parts, 10~20 parts of climbing groundsel alcohol extract, 37~49 parts of Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, 19~26 parts of Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract, PAA 1
~3 parts, 5~10 parts of SKGM.
Wherein, described anti-cracking agent is made up of the following raw material of mass parts：10~13 parts of palm oil, 10~13 parts of tung oil,
3~5 parts of methyl hydroxybenzoate, 2~4 parts of silicone oil, 8~10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1~3 part of tween, 0.1~3 part of cobalt iso-octoate, asbestos 1
~5 parts, 1~3 part of calcium hydroxide.
Wherein, it is not less than 62.7mg/100g containing terpenoid in citrus bark extract.
Wherein, horseshoe bark extract extracts to obtain by the following method:Horseshoe skin crushed after being dried is crossed into 100 mesh sieves, by powder
Horseshoe skin after broken is placed in supercritical extract axe, is 26 DEG C in extraction temperature, extracting pressure is using petroleum ether as entrainer
39MPa, the flow velocity of carbon dioxide are that the isolated horseshoe bark extract after 10min is extracted under 20L/min.
Wherein, described horseshoe carries Wound-healing agent and takes flavone compound in thing to be not less than 82.7mg/100g.
In the present invention, the flavonoid content that described Buffalo bur alcohol extracting contains is not less than 37mg/100g,
To a variety of germs by bacteriostasis.
In the present invention, in climbing groundsel alcohol extract, flavoxanthin content is not less than 158mg/100g, chrysanthemaxanthin senecionine
Content is not less than 23mg/100g, and senlciphylline content is not less than 47mg/100g
In the present invention, volatile oil content is not less than 83mg/100g in Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, and interior vinegar class and Azulene class material be not low
In 27mg/100g.
In the present invention, the content of alkaloid is not less than 92mg/100g in Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract.
Described Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract are by plant
Obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extracting.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
(1) present invention transforms advanced age Ponkan fruit tree height of tree crown and tree-like, effective solution advanced age Ponkan fruit tree cella sky
The problem of empty, the fruit quality and yield of Ponkan are improved, promotes the increasing both production and income of Ponkan, increases economic efficiency.
(2) growth accelerator solution of the invention is carried by gibberellic acid 0.01%, horseshoe bark extract 0.1~1%, citrus bark
Thing 2~5% is taken to form, gibberellic acid is conventional auxin, and the terpenoid contained in horseshoe bark extract has
Preferable bacteriostasis, citrus bark extract contain the plant tissue liquid similar to Ponkan, will be used to soak for connecing the branch of a species of orchid
Steep in growth accelerator solution, play a part of bacteria mildew-proof to branch wound, while growth accelerator solution composition is close to Ponkan
Tissue fluid composition, it is easy to the matter transportation of branch during grafting, improves the success rate of grafting, branch grafting time is short, and growth is fast.
(3) Wound-healing agent of the invention is by titanium dioxide, Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood
Alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract, PAA, SKGM composition, titanium dioxide is photochemical catalyst, right under illumination condition
The pathogenic bacteria such as bacterium have an inhibitory action, and PAA and SKGM are water-absorbing-retaining composition, Buffalo bur alcohol extract, a thousand li
Light alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract are the sterilising components of plant extracts, under illumination condition, dioxy
The antibacterial factor of Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract can be excited by changing titanium,
Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract antibacterial bacteriostatic ability are improved, is promoted
The healing of plants wound；Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract antibacterial are lived
Property composition it is different, its cooperate sterilizing scope it is wide.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and experiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-yield method of Ponkan comprises the following steps：
(1) trimming of brick wood：Select aged fruit tree, First Year trimming：Selection height is 1.5 meters, a diameter of 2cm branch
It is dry, carry out cutting abdomen and retain tree crown；Second Year is trimmed：Selection height is 2 meters, and a diameter of 4cm limb carries out cut-grafting；
(2) selection and processing of scion：Same breed, stalwartness, aging branch are selected, after cutting branch, by branch root
Portion is impregnated in gibberellic acid 0.01%, horseshoe bark extract 0.1~1% by weight/mass percentage composition, and citrus bark extract 2~
5%, remaining is that 10min is standby in the growth accelerator solution that water forms；
(3) grafting：In the brick wood that the branch that step (2) obtains is grafted in step (1), the titanium dioxide by mass parts is smeared
5 parts of titanium, 22 parts of Buffalo bur alcohol extract, 20 parts of climbing groundsel alcohol extract, 37 parts of Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract 26
After 10 parts of part, 1 part of PAA, SKGM Wound-healing agents formed, packed tightly with film, then colligation；During First Year grafting,
Every 1 meter of limb grafting 5 connects a species of orchid, during Second Year grafting：Each cut-grafting mouth grafting 4 connects a species of orchid；
It is not less than 62.7mg/100g containing terpenoid in citrus bark extract；The horseshoe bark extract is by such as
Lower method is extracted to obtain:Horseshoe skin crushed after being dried is crossed into 100 mesh sieves, the horseshoe skin after crushing is placed in supercritical extract axe
In, it is 26 DEG C, extracting pressure 39MPa in extraction temperature, the flow velocity of carbon dioxide is 20L/min using petroleum ether as entrainer
The isolated horseshoe bark extract after lower extraction 10min；Flavone compound is not less than in described Corm Eleocharitis extract
82.7mg/100g；
(4) managing after grafting：
Cut brick：After the Second Year Spring Equinox before Clear and Bright, remarry refused at the 20cm above the place of connecing 4/5ths branch, be left branch
Bar amputates 10 parts of palm oil, the tung oil 13 smeared more than diameter 2cm branch wound after branch by mass parts as auxiliary support branch
Part, 3 parts of methyl hydroxybenzoate, 4 parts of silicone oil, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 parts of tween, 0.1 part of cobalt iso-octoate, 5 parts of asbestos, calcium hydroxide 1
The anti-cracking agent of part；When connecing a species of orchid branch length to 15cm, auxiliary support branch is rolled over into branch, the xylem of half is twisted off, bast with
Branch is connected into 90 degree；Folding branch is subtracted after connecing a species of orchid twig and turning green；
Bud picking：The sprouting grown to the branch otch and cut-grafting interface that amputate is erased.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-yield method of Ponkan comprises the following steps：
(1) trimming of brick wood：Select aged fruit tree, First Year trimming：Selection height is 1 meter, a diameter of 3cm limb,
Carry out cutting abdomen and retain tree crown；Second Year is trimmed：Selection height is 1.5 meters, and a diameter of 6cm limb carries out cut-grafting；
(2) selection and processing of scion：Same breed, stalwartness, aging branch are selected, after cutting branch, by branch root
Portion is impregnated in gibberellic acid 0.01%, horseshoe bark extract 0.1~1% by weight/mass percentage composition, and citrus bark extract 2~
5%, remaining is that 5min is standby in the growth accelerator solution that water forms；
(3) grafting：In the brick wood that the branch that step (2) obtains is grafted in step (1), the titanium dioxide by mass parts is smeared
5 parts of titanium, 22 parts of Buffalo bur alcohol extract, 20 parts of climbing groundsel alcohol extract, 37 parts of Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract 26
After 10 parts of part, 1 part of PAA, SKGM Wound-healing agents formed, packed tightly with film, then colligation；During First Year grafting,
Every 1 meter of limb grafting 5 connects a species of orchid, during Second Year grafting：Each cut-grafting mouth grafting 4 connects a species of orchid；
It is not less than 62.7mg/100g containing terpenoid in citrus bark extract；The horseshoe bark extract is by such as
Lower method is extracted to obtain:Horseshoe skin crushed after being dried is crossed into 100 mesh sieves, the horseshoe skin after crushing is placed in supercritical extract axe
In, it is 26 DEG C, extracting pressure 39MPa in extraction temperature, the flow velocity of carbon dioxide is 20L/min using petroleum ether as entrainer
The isolated horseshoe bark extract after lower extraction 10min；Flavone compound is not less than in described Corm Eleocharitis extract
82.7mg/100g；
(4) managing after grafting：
Cut brick：After the Second Year Spring Equinox before Clear and Bright, remarry refused at the 20cm above the place of connecing 3/5ths branch, be left branch
Bar amputates 13 parts of palm oil, the tung oil 10 smeared more than diameter 2cm branch wound after branch by mass parts as auxiliary support branch
Part, 5 parts of methyl hydroxybenzoate, 2 parts of silicone oil, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part of tween, 3 parts of cobalt iso-octoate, 1 part of asbestos, 3 parts of calcium hydroxide
Anti-cracking agent；When connecing a species of orchid branch length to 10cm, auxiliary support branch is rolled over into branch, the xylem of half is twisted off, bast and tree
Branch is connected into 90 degree；Folding branch is subtracted after connecing a species of orchid twig and turning green；
Bud picking：The sprouting grown to the branch otch and cut-grafting interface that amputate is erased.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-yield method of Ponkan comprises the following steps：
(1) trimming of brick wood：Select aged fruit tree, First Year trimming：Selection height is 1.3 meters, a diameter of 3cm branch
It is dry, carry out cutting abdomen and retain tree crown；Second Year is trimmed：Selection height is 1.8 meters, and a diameter of 5cm limb carries out cut-grafting；
(2) selection and processing of scion：Same breed, stalwartness, aging branch are selected, after cutting branch, by branch root
Portion is impregnated in gibberellic acid 0.01%, horseshoe bark extract 0.5% by weight/mass percentage composition, citrus bark extract 3%, remaining
It is standby for 8min in the growth accelerator solution of water composition；
(3) grafting：In the brick wood that the branch that step (2) obtains is grafted in step (1), the titanium dioxide by mass parts is smeared
3 parts of titanium, 30 parts of Buffalo bur alcohol extract, 15 parts of climbing groundsel alcohol extract, 40 parts of Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract 20
After 8 parts of part, 2 parts of PAA, SKGM Wound-healing agents formed, packed tightly with film, then colligation；During First Year grafting,
Every 1 meter of limb grafting 6 connects a species of orchid, during Second Year grafting：Each cut-grafting mouth grafting 3 connects a species of orchid；
It is not less than 62.7mg/100g containing terpenoid in citrus bark extract；The horseshoe bark extract is by such as
Lower method is extracted to obtain:Horseshoe skin crushed after being dried is crossed into 100 mesh sieves, the horseshoe skin after crushing is placed in supercritical extract axe
In, it is 26 DEG C, extracting pressure 39MPa in extraction temperature, the flow velocity of carbon dioxide is 20L/min using petroleum ether as entrainer
The isolated horseshoe bark extract after lower extraction 10min；Flavone compound is not less than in described Corm Eleocharitis extract
82.7mg/100g；
(4) managing after grafting：
Cut brick：After the Second Year Spring Equinox before Clear and Bright, remarry refused at the 20cm above the place of connecing 4/5ths branch, be left branch
Bar amputates 12 parts of palm oil, the tung oil 11 smeared more than diameter 2cm branch wound after branch by mass parts as auxiliary support branch
Part, 4 parts of methyl hydroxybenzoate, 3 parts of silicone oil, 9 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of tween, 1 part of cobalt iso-octoate, 3 parts of asbestos, 2 parts of calcium hydroxide
Anti-cracking agent；When connecing a species of orchid branch length to 11cm, auxiliary support branch is rolled over into branch, the xylem of half is twisted off, bast and tree
Branch is connected into 90 degree；Folding branch is subtracted after connecing a species of orchid twig and turning green；
Bud picking：The sprouting grown to the branch otch and cut-grafting interface that amputate is erased.
Comparative example 1
The Ponkan high-yield method of comparative example 1 and embodiment 1 is essentially identical, and difference is, the branch of comparative example 1 is before grafting
Growth accelerator solution is not soaked.
Comparative example 2
The Ponkan high-yield method of comparative example 2 and embodiment 1 is essentially identical, and difference is, the branch of comparative example 2 is before grafting
Immersion growth accelerator solution only contains gibberellic acid composition.
Comparative example 3
The Ponkan high-yield method of comparative example 3 and embodiment 1 is essentially identical, and difference is, the branch of comparative example 3 is after grafting
Do not smear Wound-healing agent.
Comparative example 4
The Ponkan high-yield method of comparative example 4 and embodiment 1 is essentially identical, and difference is, the branch of comparative example 4 is after grafting
Wound-healing agent is smeared to be made up of titanium dioxide, PAA and SKGM.
Comparative example 5
The Ponkan high-yield method of comparative example 5 and embodiment 1 is essentially identical, and difference is, the branch of comparative example 5 is after grafting
Wound-healing agent is smeared to be made up of titanium dioxide, Buffalo bur alcohol extract, PAA and SKGM.
The graft survival rate of 1~embodiment of embodiment 3 and 1~comparative example of comparative example 5 such as table 1 below：
Table 1
| Detection | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 |
| Survival rate | 98.2% | 95.7% | 96.4% | 48.8% | 52.7% | 38.6% | 58.4% | 62.9% |
As shown in Table 1, Ponkan graft survival rate highest of the invention, the Ponkan graft survival rate of embodiment 1 is than comparative example 1
~comparative example 2 is high, illustrates growth accelerator solution composition of the present invention close to Ponkan tissue fluid composition, is easy to the thing of branch during grafting
Matter is transported, and is contained antipathogenic composition simultaneously, is improved the success rate of grafting.The Ponkan graft survival rate of embodiment 1 is than comparative example 3~right
Ratio 5 is high, illustrates titanium dioxide and Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract
Cooperation can improve Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, the fungistatic effect of Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract,
Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract, Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract, which cooperate, improves Wound-healing agent
Scope of restraining fungi, improve fungistatic effect.
Per mu yield of the Ponkan before grafting and such as table 2 below of the per mu yield after the completion of grafting of the present invention.
Table 2
| Detection | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Per mu yield (kg) before grafting | 4269.46 | 4845.83 | 4149.04 |
| Per mu yield (kg) after grafting | 5279.43 | 5839.28 | 5214.84 |
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high-yield method of Ponkan, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) trimming of brick wood：Select aged fruit tree, First Year trimming：Selection height is 1~1.5 meter, a diameter of 2~3cm branch
It is dry, carry out cutting abdomen and retain tree crown；Second Year is trimmed：Selection height for 1.5~2 meters, cut by a diameter of 4~6cm limb
Connect；
(2) selection and processing of scion：Same breed, stalwartness, aging branch are selected, after cutting branch, branch root is soaked
Stain 5~10min in growth accelerator solution is standby；
(3) grafting：In the brick wood that the branch that step (2) obtains is grafted in step (1), after smearing Wound-healing agent, film is used
Pack tightly, then colligation；During First Year grafting, every 1 meter of limb grafting 5~6 connects a species of orchid, during Second Year grafting：Each cut-grafting mouth is transferred
Connect 2~4 and connect a species of orchid；
(4) managing after grafting：
Cut brick：After the Second Year Spring Equinox before Clear and Bright, remarry refused at the 20cm above the place of connecing 3/5ths or 4/5ths branch,
Remaining branch is used as auxiliary support branch, amputates after branch to more than diameter 2cm branch wound smearing anti-cracking agent；When connect a species of orchid branch grow to
During 10~15cm, auxiliary support branch is rolled over into branch, the xylem of half is twisted off, bast is connected with branch into 90 degree；When connecing a species of orchid
Twig subtracts folding branch after turning green；
Bud picking：The sprouting grown to the branch otch and cut-grafting interface that amputate is erased.
2. the high-yield method of a kind of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described growth accelerator solution is by matter
Measure the following raw material composition of percentage composition：Gibberellic acid 0.01%, horseshoe bark extract 0.1~1%, citrus bark extract 2~
5%, remaining is water.
3. the high-yield method of a kind of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Wound-healing agent is by quality
The following raw material composition of part：2~5 parts of titanium dioxide, 22~35 parts of Buffalo bur alcohol extract, climbing groundsel alcohol extract 10~20
Part, 37~49 parts of Sievers wormwood alcohol extract, 19~26 parts of Tangut Anisodus Radix alcohol extract, 1~3 part of PAA, 5~10 parts of SKGM.
4. the high-yield method of a kind of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described anti-cracking agent is by mass parts
The following raw material forms：10~13 parts of palm oil, 10~13 parts of tung oil, 3~5 parts of methyl hydroxybenzoate, 2~4 parts of silicone oil, polyvinyl alcohol
8~10 parts, 1~3 part of tween, 0.1~3 part of cobalt iso-octoate, 1~5 part of asbestos, 1~3 part of calcium hydroxide.
5. the high-yield method of a kind of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that contain terpene in citrus bark extract
Class compound is not less than 62.7mg/100g.
6. the high-yield method of a kind of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that horseshoe bark extract is by the following method
Extraction obtains:Horseshoe skin crushed after being dried is crossed into 100 mesh sieves, the horseshoe skin after crushing is placed in supercritical extract axe, with stone
Oily ether is entrainer, is 26 DEG C, extracting pressure 39MPa in extraction temperature, the flow velocity of carbon dioxide is to be extracted under 20L/min
The isolated horseshoe bark extract after 10min.
A kind of 7. high-yield method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that flavones in described Corm Eleocharitis extract
Class compound is not less than 82.7mg/100g.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109006878A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-18 | 广西田东县东辰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of control method of mango shot hole |
| CN113767919A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 石家庄博佳特化工有限公司 | Efficient and stable mepiquat chloride topping agent for cotton topping and preparation method and application thereof |
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