CN107721624A - A kind of carambola biological slow-release fertilizer - Google Patents

A kind of carambola biological slow-release fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107721624A
CN107721624A CN201711139169.5A CN201711139169A CN107721624A CN 107721624 A CN107721624 A CN 107721624A CN 201711139169 A CN201711139169 A CN 201711139169A CN 107721624 A CN107721624 A CN 107721624A
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China
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carambola
parts
bran
release fertilizer
fertilizer
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CN201711139169.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
卢春伟
卢春宁
马昭星
陆美玲
马昭键
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Guangxi Binyang County Rong Liang Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Guangxi Binyang County Rong Liang Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711139169.5A priority Critical patent/CN107721624A/en
Publication of CN107721624A publication Critical patent/CN107721624A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
    • C01B25/26—Phosphates
    • C01B25/38—Condensed phosphates
    • C01B25/40—Polyphosphates
    • C01B25/41—Polyphosphates of alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

A kind of carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, including urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, vegetable oil bran cake, maltose, mixed bacteria and bentonite, the carambola biological slow-release fertilizer is by making potassium polyphosphate and roasting bone meal by oneself, effectively slow releasing function and bio-fertilizer effect are provided, using not needing top dressing after the carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, carambola yield can be effectively increased, improves carambola sugar content, reduces carambola illness rate.

Description

A kind of carambola biological slow-release fertilizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to Crop fertilizer field, more particularly to a kind of carambola biological slow-release fertilizer.
Background technology
Carambola（Scientific name：Averrhoa carambola L.）, Angiospermae, fruit of carambola category.Carambola is that one kind originates in heat With semi-tropical fruit, there is very high nutritive value.
Carambola is evergreen dungarunga, high up to 12 meters.Winglike compound leaf alternate, because leaf can produce reaction to light and heat, Can slowly it be closed by external force touching, leaflet 5-13 pieces, avette to oval, top is tapering, base portion circle, and side is crooked.Spend it is small, Both sexes, spray and bud peony；Petal back side lilac red, edge color is thin, is sometimes pink or white, axillary circular cone Inflorescence；Late spring at florescence to the autumn.Berry is avette to prolate ellipsoid shape, light green or wax yellow, sometimes band kermesinus, and fruit is into five-pointed star Shape.
Slow-release fertilizer has fertilizer amount reduction, and utilization rate improves, using the advantages that convenient, saving of labor is safe, at present, slow-release fertilizer The direction of countries in the world fertilizer industry sustainable development is turned into.And in terms of the slow-release fertilizer used in sugarcane, people are also continuous Studied, at present, slow-release fertilizer has turned into the direction of countries in the world fertilizer industry sustainable development.Slow-release fertilizer has organic synthesis type Two kinds of slow-release fertilizer and envelope type slow release fertilizer, wherein, envelope type slow release fertilizer has excellent controllable sustained-release performance, is always slow-release fertilizer The emphasis direction and main task of research and development.But the coated fertilizer that envelope type slow release fertilizer uses at present is generally non-nutriment in a fertilizer polymerization Thing, effective nutriment in a fertilizer is low, and product cost is high, and non-nutriment in a fertilizer polymer price is high, ultimately results in yield and sugar is relatively low, cause simultaneously Ecological environmental pollution
It is to retrieve the document about carambola slow-release fertilizer below：
Chinese patent, title：A kind of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer that can improve Carambola Fruit soluble sugar content and preparation method thereof； Application number：201610892626.7；The applying date：2016-10-13；Applicant：Gao Peng；Summary：One kind can improve Carambola Fruit The high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer of soluble sugar content, including following parts by weight of component：Oyster shell, PLA, white carbon, activation kwan-yin Soil, vegetable oil residue, dry cow dung, humus, deodorization bacterium, saccharomycete, ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, citric acid, borax, eucalyptus oil It is essence, potassium fulvate, compound amino acid original powder, catechin, viscous starch paste, lauryl sodium sulfate, appropriate hydrogen peroxide, appropriate Ammoniacal liquor, appropriate water.The present invention coordinates eucalyptol, catechin using activation white clay, vegetable oil residue, dry cow dung, humus A kind of coated slow release fertilizer is prepared for etc. fermented, fertilizer is rich in organic matter in itself, and use can supply oxygen disease dynamic adjustment hole Coating layer, it is nutritious, fertilizer efficiency time length, can prolonged Releasing nutrient, growing for carambola can be promoted, promote The increase of its soluble sugar content, promote its Efficient Cultivation, being capable of extensive use and popularization.
As can be seen that existing carambola slow-release fertilizer is mixed using simple sustained release agent mostly from above-mentioned document, although Certain slow releasing function can be played, but it is ineffective, the introduction for changing soil fertilizer rate fertilizer conservation using microorganism is also had no, such as Fruit not top dressing can influence the growth of carambola.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, and the carambola biological slow-release fertilizer is grown according to carambola Nutrient uptake feature prepared, the various nutrient elements needed for carambola growth, and nutritional ingredient in fertilizer can be provided Can slowly it discharge, fertilizer efficiency is permanent, is advantageous to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, plays increasing both production and income, improves carambola sugar content, reduces The effect of carambola tree illness rate.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
The carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
45~60 parts of urea；25~28 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 35~50 parts of bone meal；0.2~0.4 part of magnesium sulfate；Calcium chloride 0.2 ~0.3 part；1~1.5 part of trace element；2~5 parts of Tea Saponin；8~15 parts of vegetable oil bran cake；10~15 parts of maltose；Swelling 10~15 parts of soil.
The preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 450~600 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution P2O5Weight concentration reach 70~90%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:1000~2000 part by weight is by hydrogen sulfide gas It is passed through in solution, reaction generation arsenones solid, filtering, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and heavy metal contains Amount drops to 30 below PPM, obtains polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti- The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 120~180 minutes, detect K in product between 15~45 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight Percentage composition, treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
Described roasting bone meal is by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and animal skin waste material, animal fat and the soil smashed It is put into after stirring in stove, isolation air heating, temperature is 180~300 DEG C, bone is become coke yellow, Animal Skin Hair waste material becomes charcoal ash, takes out, and places room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtains roasting bone meal；Its part by weight is weight Amount is according to 5 parts of bone, 40~50 parts of soil；3~5 parts of animal skin waste material；2~3 parts of animal fat.
Described trace element and weight ratio are P:Ca:Fe:Zn:K:Al:Cu=3:2:3:2:2:1:1.
Described vegetable oil bran cake is the slag that leaves after oil plant oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat Bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
Described mixed bacteria is parts by weight 1:1:1 Trichoderma viride, production gastral cavity candidiasis and EM bacterium.
After vegetable oil bran cake and mixed bacteria mixed fermentation 1~2 day, urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, sulphur are added Sour magnesium, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, maltose and bentonite mixing, are made particle, are sent into high temperature furnace, 180~ After being toasted 15~30 minutes at a temperature of 200 DEG C, stir therebetween 3~5 times, treat that particle surface is presented light coke yellow and distributes light Jiao After fragrance, natural cooling, packed products are taken out.
In the present invention the reason for bone meal roasting using self-control：The roasting bone meal is by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and Animal Skin Hair waste material, grease and soil are put into stove after stirring, and isolation air heating, temperature is 180~300 DEG C, can be made Obtain organic grease and all absorptions of nutritional ingredient soil that bone and animal skin waste material volatilize in high temperature, obtained roasting bone meal Not only contain part face cream, also containing high calcium bone meal, amino acid and trace element, be very easy to be absorbed by plants, bake bone meal Value is the same as our letting animals feeds, and animal feed not only needs starch, with greater need for grease, albumen and trace element, plant These compositions are also required to, enables to crop root to produce many beneficial organisms as fertilizer roasting bone meal and assembles, microbial bacteria Group is abundant, makes loosing soil fertile.
Tea Saponin used（Tea Saponin）, also known as TS.It is a kind of soaps extracted from teaseed cake dregs, Basic structure is made up of triterpenoid saponin, structure sugar, structure acid.Tea Saponin has desinsection, sterilization, stimulates the biologies such as plant growth living Property.Tea Saponin can degrade automatically, nonhazardous, and Tea Saponin has certain stomach toxicity and stronger deterrent effect, and concentration to cabbage caterpillar Higher, deterrent is stronger, and endangering cabbage to preventing and treating cabbage caterpillar has certain effect.It is used as insecticide control underground on landscape flower Insect, such as cutworm, nematode insect.The Tea Saponin added in the present invention can play a part of insects repellant, so as to carry The insect-pest ability of high carambola.
Why vegetable oil bran cake is added, because peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat bran, peanut press pulp, tea bran, tung oil Bran, sunflower bran or palm bran contain a large number of nutrients, and the very easy composition absorbed of plant, You Renshi are obtained through everfermentation Test and mix peanut cake ratio in wheat soil and mix 1,000 times of cinder planting；Tea bran, tung oil have disease and insect resistance effect, and they are soaked dilute Release and be poured onto plant root, can effectively prevent pest and disease damage；Peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat bran, peanut press pulp, tea bran, tung oil Bran, sunflower bran or palm bran all contain grease and protein, and plant absorption being capable of healthy growth！Again for example, tea son bran and other The organic fertilizers such as peanut press pulp, big soyabean bran are the same, are a kind of extraordinary organic fertilizer after fermentation, i.e., it is not single containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, Big-and-middle amount nutrient necessary to the plant growth of magnesium etc., and contain plant growth institute essential trace element.Organic fertilizer Improvement soil granular structure can be played, improves the ability of the fertilizer conservation of soil, water conservation and effective microorganisms, makes soil more ventilative Property.Also, organic matter fertilizer efficiency is lasting, and toxic action of the various heavy to plant in soil can be passivated.Tea seed bran water sheet Body has antisepsis, enables to spray to extend the shelf life.
Why maltose is added, maltose is the distinctive sugar of plant, and maltose is usually used in culture medium raw material, because its In addition to containing abundant nutriment and sugar, also with corrosion-resistant function, maltose is added in the special fertilizer of fruit tree, On the one hand the sugariness of fruit can be improved, and fruit will not turn sour, and on the other hand also function to corrosion-resistant effect.
Bentonite (Bentonite) is the nonmetallic minerals using montmorillonite as main mineral constituent.It has special suction Water-based, hydroplasticity, caking property and stronger ion exchangeable, after bentonite is manured into soil, energy water swelling, change in soil Solid, liquid, the ratio of gas, make soil texture is loose, play a part of improve soil physical property, make soil water-retaining, protect Fertilizer and not contaminated soil environment, are extremely effective soil conditioner in arid area.There is bentonite higher cation to hand over The amount of changing, stronger water holding capacity and good cohesiveness, cation exchange capacity (CEC) are an important indicators of soil fertilizer fertilizer.It is swollen Profit soil is used for improved soil, and in addition to stronger fertilizer conservation water retention property, it can also strengthen the buffer capacity of soil, absorption Harmful element in soil.Bentonite is added to the decomposition rate that organic materials can be reduced in soil, improves humification coefficient, So as to increase the content of organic matter and quality, soil enzyme activities is improved, improves soil fertility.And bentonite also have compared with Strong suction-operated, make the slow-released carrier of urea using bentonite, prepare sustained release nitrogenous fertilizer, there is provided the fertilizer utilization of nitrogen Rate.
The purpose of vegetable oil bran cake and mixed bacteria mixed fermentation is first in preparation process to decompose vegetable oil bran cake In be difficult to crude fibre of natural degradation etc., the battalion of slow-release fertilizer can be enriched by decomposing cellulose, trace element that crude fibre obtains etc. Form point, mixed bacteria also supplies plant absorption as protein in itself.
Advantage of the invention is that：
（1）The homemade potassium polyphosphate nutrient content of the present invention is high, and dissolubility is good, is not easy and calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium plasma reaction And phosphate radical is failed, potassium polyphosphate is a kind of quickly fertilizer with long-acting combination, and required P elements can be provided for crop And potassium element, PA 800K are easily absorbed by crops.Property is stable at normal temperatures for the homemade potassium polyphosphate of the present invention, under normal temperature 3 months are placed without precipitation, is transported and easy to use.But the production of PA 800K is not easily controlled, the present invention prepares poly phosphorus Sour potassium, the order that material adds must be that polyphosphoric acids is added drop-wise in potassium hydroxide, because polyphosphoric acids viscosity is very big and reacts Substantial amounts of heat can be released, if potassium hydroxide is added drop-wise in polyphosphoric acids, reaction heat is difficult to pass to cooling device, is easily led Cause local temperature is too high to cause the PA 800K hydrolysis of generation and fail.And the concentration of potassium hydroxide used need to 65% with On, otherwise water in products point is excessive, can not obtain required K2O and P2O5Content.The present invention prepare carambola slow-release fertilizer first prepare it is more PA 800K, it is moderate using the potassium polyphosphate degree of polymerization made of the technique, wherein containing about 50% potassium orthophosphate, the two of about 45% PA 800K, the remaining phosphate for more high polymerization degree, under such ratio, it is not easy to PA 800K crystalline solid is separated out, The permanent slow release of P elements energy, potassium polyphosphate are easily absorbed by crops, and the nutrient in fertilizer can slowly discharge, poplar Peach can carry out quick and long-acting absorption to nutrient, and utilization rate is high, and manufactured carambola slow-release fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is good and lasting.
（2）Tea Saponin used in the present invention is a kind of plant insecticide, nuisanceless, has the work of good expelling parasite desinsection With disease-resistant, the insect pest ability of carambola can be improved by adding Tea Saponin and then apply again in fertilizer.The present invention is by swelling Soil prepares fertilizer as one of raw material can not only improve soil fertility, moreover it is possible to as the adsorptive support of urea, so that urea It can slowly discharge, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.The trace element that the present invention adds contains the elements such as Mg, Ca, Mn, Zn and Cu, Required trace element can be provided for carambola, and the homemade potassium polyphosphate of present invention institute is a kind of inorganic polymer in itself Fertilizer, the lasting potassium resource of required effect, phosphorus source can not only be provided for carambola；And by magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride and micro member Element is added to stirring reaction in potassium polyphosphate, and potassium polyphosphate has the function that chelated metal ions, it is possible to increase such as calcium, manganese The micro- activity in, the trace element of the Chelating state formed after reaction are more easy to be absorbed by plants, substantially increased The absorption efficiency of carambola centering trace element.The potassium polyphosphate that the present invention adds fertilizer efficiency micro- in will not only reducing Micro- activity in can also improving, improve fertilizer efficiency.
（3）Roasting bone meal is added in the present invention；Roasting bone meal is using the fresh bone of animal, animal skin waste material as primary raw material system Into can be adapted to root fertilizer or the top dressing of multiple kinds of crops, improve yield more than 20%, it is free of harmful substance, can be used as base manure Or top dressing uses, it can also increase the content of soil with organic matter and increase the beneficial microbe that plant easily absorbs in soil, energy Enough so that crop root loosing soil, crop are not readily susceptible to pest and disease damage infringement, recover the soil of long-term use of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, Ensure that the crops of China peasant production move towards ecology, the crop such as grain or oil plant becomes that there is no public hazards generation from this.
（4）Inventor is using the technology for improving wood surface charing, for the charing process technology of fertilizer surface, surface warp The feed that micro- charing process is crossed has certain adsorption function, can extend nutritional ingredient and rest on plant because containing charcoal composition Time on thing root or blade, play a part of fertilizer conservation, be engaged with the effect of sustained release, effectively avoid nutrition from wasting.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
45 parts of urea；25 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 35 parts of bone meal；0.2 part of magnesium sulfate；0.2 part of calcium chloride；1 part of trace element；Tea 2 parts of saponin；8 parts of vegetable oil bran cake；10 parts of maltose；10 parts of bentonite；1 part of mixed bacteria.
The preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 450 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution P2O5Weight concentration reach 70%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:Hydrogen sulfide gas is passed through molten by 1000 part by weight In liquid, reaction generation arsenones solid, filter, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and the content of heavy metal drops to 30 below PPM, obtain polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti- The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 120 minutes, detect K in product between 15 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight percentage, Treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
Described roasting bone meal be by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and smash string coarse powder, animal skin waste material, Animal fat and soil are put into stove after stirring, and isolation air heating, temperature is 180 DEG C, bone is become sallow Color, animal skin waste material become charcoal ash, take out, and place room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtain roasting bone meal；Its weight Ratio is that weight is according to 5 parts of bone, 40 parts of soil；3 parts of animal skin waste material；2 parts of animal fat.
Described trace element and weight ratio are P:Ca:Fe:Zn:K:Al:Cu=3:2:3:2:2:1:1.
Described vegetable oil bran cake is the slag that leaves after oil plant oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat Bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
After vegetable oil bran cake and mixed bacteria mixed fermentation 1 day, urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, sulfuric acid are added Magnesium, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, maltose and bentonite mixing, are made particle, are sent into high temperature furnace, in 180 DEG C of temperature After spending lower baking 15 minutes, stir 3 times, after light coke yellow is presented in particle surface and distributes light burnt odor taste, take out certainly therebetween So cooling, packed products.
Embodiment 2
The carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
56 parts of urea；23 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 45 parts of bone meal；0.3 part of magnesium sulfate；0.3 part of calcium chloride；1 part of trace element；Tea 4 parts of saponin；Vegetable oil bran cake 10；12 parts of maltose；13 parts of bentonite；1.5 parts of mixed bacteria.
The preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 550 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution P2O5Weight concentration reach 80%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:Hydrogen sulfide gas is passed through molten by 1550 part by weight In liquid, reaction generation arsenones solid, filter, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and the content of heavy metal drops to 30 below PPM, obtain polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti- The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 160 minutes, detect K in product between 30 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight percentage, Treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
Described roasting bone meal be by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and smash string coarse powder, animal skin waste material, Animal fat and soil are put into stove after stirring, and isolation air heating, temperature is 260 DEG C, bone is become sallow Color, animal skin waste material become charcoal ash, take out, and place room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtain roasting bone meal；Its weight Ratio is that weight is according to 5 parts of bone, 45 parts of soil；4 parts of animal skin waste material；2 parts of animal fat.
Described trace element and weight ratio are P:Ca:Fe:Zn:K:Al:Cu=3:2:3:2:2:1:1.
Described vegetable oil bran cake is the slag that leaves after oil plant oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat Bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
After vegetable oil bran cake and mixed bacteria mixed fermentation 2 days, urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, sulfuric acid are added Magnesium, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, maltose and bentonite mixing, are made particle, are sent into high temperature furnace, in 190 DEG C of temperature After spending lower baking 25 minutes, stir 4 times, after light coke yellow is presented in particle surface and distributes light burnt odor taste, take out certainly therebetween So cooling, packed products.
Embodiment 3
The carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
60 parts of urea；28 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 50 parts of bone meal；0.4 part of magnesium sulfate；0.3 part of calcium chloride；1.5 parts of trace element； 5 parts of Tea Saponin；15 parts of vegetable oil bran cake；15 parts of maltose；15 parts of bentonite；2 parts of mixed bacteria.
The preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 600 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution P2O5Weight concentration reach 90%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:Hydrogen sulfide gas is passed through molten by 2000 part by weight In liquid, reaction generation arsenones solid, filter, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and the content of heavy metal drops to 30 below PPM, obtain polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti- The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 180 minutes, detect K in product between 45 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight percentage, Treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
Described roasting bone meal be by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and smash string coarse powder, animal skin waste material, Animal fat and soil are put into stove after stirring, and isolation air heating, temperature is 300 DEG C, bone is become sallow Color, animal skin waste material become charcoal ash, take out, and place room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtain roasting bone meal；Its weight Ratio is that weight is according to 5 parts of bone, 50 parts of soil；5 parts of animal skin waste material；3 parts of animal fat.
Described trace element and weight ratio are P:Ca:Fe:Zn:K:Al:Cu=3:2:3:2:2:1:1.
Described vegetable oil bran cake is the slag that leaves after oil plant oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat Bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
After vegetable oil bran cake and mixed bacteria mixed fermentation 2 days, urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, sulfuric acid are added Magnesium, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, maltose and bentonite mixing, are made particle, are sent into high temperature furnace, in 200 DEG C of temperature After spending lower baking 30 minutes, stir 5 times, after light coke yellow is presented in particle surface and distributes light burnt odor taste, take out certainly therebetween So cooling, packed products.
Application effect
To further illustrate the advantages of present invention produces obtained carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, the carambola that inventor is obtained using production Biological slow-release fertilizer some big carambola planting bases in Guangxi District carried out test of many times, wherein, the examination in Guangxi Binyang County It is as follows to test situation：
1st, for trying Carambola cultivar：Malaysian B10.
2nd, experiment is set：
Experiment sets 3 processing, respectively handles 3 repetitions, and random district's groups arrangement is each to handle plot area 200m2；Experiment is set such as Under：
Processing 1：Carambola biological slow-release fertilizer produced by the present invention is uniformly applied into poplar according to the applied amount of 20kg/ mus when carambola is planted Peach root, cultivation and banking is combined when carambola enters the grand period of growth, and every mu of application urea, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, lime are each 0.5 kilogram.
Processing 2：Carambola uniformly applies carambola biological slow-release fertilizer produced by the present invention according to the applied amount of 20kg/ mus when planting Enter carambola usage tree root, cultivation and banking, not top dressing are combined when carambola enters the grand period of growth；
Processing 3：Conventional carambola is uniformly applied into carambola usage tree root with composite fertilizer according to the applied amount of 20kg/ mus when carambola is planted, Cultivation and banking is combined when carambola enters the grand period of growth, every mu applies urea, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, each 0.5 kilogram of lime.
Unified time plantation and top dressing, ridging are tested, other carambola plantation field management measures are identical.
4th, result of the test：
Influence of three groups of different disposals to carambola yield, sugar content and illness rate is as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
From upper table 1, compared to the processing 3 for not applying the present invention, using the processing 1 and processing 2 of the present invention in carambola Yield and carambola sugar content are obtained for raising, and illness rate is also lower than processing 3, illustrate slow using the carambola biology of the present invention The quality and yield of carambola can be greatly improved by releasing fertilizer, and for being all applied with the processing 1 and processing 2 of the present invention, by contrast It can be seen that both difference in terms of yield and quality are little, illustrate that carambola biological slow-release fertilizer of the present invention has preferable slow releasing function, Do not apply urea etc. even in carambola growth period and carry out top dressing, also have certain fertilizer to be carried for the growth of carambola in carambola ground Support point, further related to that carambola biological slow-release fertilizer fertilizer efficiency produced by the invention is good and fertilizer efficiency is permanent.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of carambola biological slow-release fertilizer, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：
45~60 parts of urea；25~28 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 35~50 parts of bone meal；0.2~0.4 part of magnesium sulfate；Calcium chloride 0.2 ~0.3 part；1~1.5 part of trace element；2~5 parts of Tea Saponin；8~15 parts of vegetable oil bran cake；10~15 parts of maltose；Swelling 10~15 parts of soil；1~2 part of mixed bacteria.
2. carambola biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate Comprise the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 450~600 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution P2O5Weight concentration reach 70~90%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:1000~2000 part by weight is by hydrogen sulfide gas It is passed through in solution, reaction generation arsenones solid, filtering, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and heavy metal contains Amount drops to 30 below PPM, obtains polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti- The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 120~180 minutes, detect K in product between 15~45 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight Percentage composition, treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
3. carambola biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described roasting bone meal is by the animal with meat Fresh bone is put into stove after being stirred with string coarse powder, animal skin waste material, animal fat and the soil smashed Interior, isolation air heating, temperature is 180~300 DEG C, bone is become coke yellow, and animal skin waste material becomes charcoal ash, is taken out, Room temperature is placed, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtains roasting bone meal；Its part by weight is that weight is according to 5 parts of bone, soil 40 ~50 parts；3~5 parts of animal skin waste material；2~3 parts of animal fat.
4. carambola biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described trace element and weight ratio are P: Ca:Fe:Zn:K:Al:Cu=3:2:3:2:2:1:1。
5. carambola biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described vegetable oil bran cake is oil plant The slag left after oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
6. carambola biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described mixed bacteria is parts by weight 1: 1:1 Trichoderma viride, production gastral cavity candidiasis and EM bacterium.
7. carambola biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Vegetable oil bran cake and mixed bacteria are mixed After fermentation 1~2 day, urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, maltose are added Mixed with bentonite, particle is made, be sent into high temperature furnace, after being toasted 15~30 minutes at a temperature of 180~200 DEG C, turn over therebetween It is dynamic 3~5 times, after light coke yellow is presented in particle surface and distributes light burnt odor taste, take out natural cooling, packed products.
CN201711139169.5A 2017-11-16 2017-11-16 A kind of carambola biological slow-release fertilizer Pending CN107721624A (en)

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Application publication date: 20180223