CN107711377A - A kind of wild yam implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of wild yam implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN107711377A CN107711377A CN201711138218.3A CN201711138218A CN107711377A CN 107711377 A CN107711377 A CN 107711377A CN 201711138218 A CN201711138218 A CN 201711138218A CN 107711377 A CN107711377 A CN 107711377A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of wild yam, comprise the following steps：1）Seed selection；2）Build multilayer artificial growth side ridge；3）Sowing field planting；4）Chinese yam growth management；5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；6）Harvesting.Implantation methods of the present invention can realize artificial imitation wild yam growing environment, accomplish that planting facility is once put into, once plant the low input harvested for many years, the planting technology of booming income, and the harvesting of Chinese yam is convenient, harvested without excavating, do not influence ecological environment, planting household can investment construction at one's own expense, Government supports construction can also be realized, realizes precisely shaking off poverty for outlying poverty-stricken area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of wild yam.
Background technology
Chinese yam is Dioscoreaceae yam, also known as subcalvous yam root.It is the ancient crop of dietotherapeutic, existing 2000
Cultivation history.Its root tuber contains abundant Chinese yam saponin, GL-PP, amino acid, Soluble Fiber and starch etc..With strong
Spleen, controlling nocturnal emission with astringent drugs, the effect of invigorating the lung and the kidney, it is a kind of medicinal plant of the food medicine dual-purpose of the diabetes for the treatment of well, Chinese yam is except medicine
With with outside health-care efficacy, also with good eating mouth feel, particularly wild yam, its mouthfeel is with nutritive value relative to general
Chinese yam is more preferably.Chinese yam is perennial root trailing plant, and happiness is warm, can not resist cold.25 DEG C~28 DEG C are most suitable, and stem tuber expands
It is most fast with 20 DEG C~24 DEG C.
Chinese yam system deep rooted plant, it is desirable to the sand loam that soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, draining is good, fertile, to weather bar
Part requires not tight, and adaptability is very strong.
Existing Chinese yam is all planted for common arable land mostly, in yam planting, it is necessary to carry out artificial or half machine to arable land
Toolization is arranged, manually digging groove, and the low ridge plantation of the planting matrixs such as sand, debris and farm manure is filled into groove.Only
It can dig once, plantation is once, it is impossible to realize plantation one-time continuous production, it is all same time-consuming, laborious to throw work launch-work every time, from long-term
For sustainable plantation angle, input and output do not have advantage, and topsoil is shallow, depth of burying, and harvest is difficult, breakage rate is high, expense of taking a lot of work
When, destroy it is ecological the problems such as.
A kind of wild yam planting technology scheme is urgently invented to solve above-mentioned technical problem.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of wild yam planting technology, it is possible to achieve and it is artificial to imitate wild yam growing environment, accomplish
Planting facility is once put into, and once plants the low input harvested for many years, the planting technology of booming income, and the harvesting of Chinese yam is convenient,
Harvested without excavating, do not influence the green planting technology of ecological environment.
Concrete technical scheme is：A kind of wild yam implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Seed selection：From the good local wild varieties of high-quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, shelf-stable, commodity；
2）Build multilayer artificial growth side ridge：It is characterized in that：Including capital construction layer, appearance sand bed, pillar, enter sediment ejection opening, interlayer, training
Support layer, growth passage；Appearance sand bed is provided with above the capital construction layer, is provided with interlayer above the appearance sand bed, on the interlayer
Side is provided with culture layer；The capital construction layer is the bottom, is arranged on the plate soil layer leveled land；Or capital construction layer is arranged on
15~30 degree of openr gentle slope is on the ground；The appearance sand bed is made up of both ends of the surface and two long side surfaces, the sealing of its both ends of the surface, both sides
Side, which is provided with, is spaced identical symmetrical pillar, the bar shaped ridge body formed between empty, reality；It is described enter sediment ejection opening be provided in Rong Sha
The interval coffin that the pillar of upper two adjacent spaces of layer is formed；Growth passage wide at the top and narrow at the bottom is evenly equipped with the interlayer；Institute
State culture layer to be arranged on interlayer, culture layer forms the wall circle body of four side seal closures along interlayer edge；
3）Sowing field planting：Selection temperature is sowed when stablizing to 12 DEG C, ground temperature more than 10 DEG C, first, to multilayer artificial growth side
Ridge, which holds, fills the preferable mountain sand of liquid in sand bed, the plantation that access sites are grown on interlayer and excavate deep 10cm is then corresponded in culture layer
Hole, Chinese yam kind is put into plantation hole, covers the machine for sterilizing matter of a 10~15cm of thickness, is compacted with hand or hoe, make seedling in
Soil is in close contact, it is ensured that emergence is neat and healthy and strong, and trophoplasm is filled with most backward culture layer 7；
4）Chinese yam growth management：
A thinnings：After Chinese yam emerges in multilayer artificial growth side ridge, when Chinese yam tendril grows to 40~50cm height, dredge go in time
Cong Miao and weak seedling, ensure spacing mono- Chinese yam seedling of 30cm, according to go it is weak stay it is strong, go it is small stay it is big, prevent or cure a disease and stay strong principle；
B weedings：In Chinese yam seedling growth stage, to ensure the healthy growth of Chinese yam seedling, no rain, the weather without dew, few wind are selected in
During environment, the weeds in the seedling pool are removed clean；
C builts draw rattan：When common yam stem, which is overgrow, grows to 40~50cm height, carried out manual intervention with drawing rattan or drawing rattan band and drawn rattan
Upper boom；
D rich water quality managements：Chinese yam is drought-enduring plant, typically before a top dressing, when soil fully turns white, is gently poured 1~2 time, to soil
Earth top layer soaks, arid more than one week, is selected in early morning moderately pouring, and more rainy seasons pay attention to ditch cleaning draining, ensure plot without product
Water.In wilderness field, long-term evolution adapts to wild yam long term growth, little to the demand of fertilizer, and fertilising will regard Chinese yam and give birth to
Depending on long situation, unsuitable excessive fertilization, enough Chinese yam growths need；
5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Chinese yam Major Diseases are anthracnose and droop, Chinese yam growth period mancozeb wettable powder
500 times of liquid spraying preventions, 1000 times of 1.5% benziothiazolinone aqua of early stage sprinkling, 25% Amici reach 1500 times of suspending agent, 25%
800 times of alternating spray control diseases of amidine acid amides wettable powder, 10 d spray 1 time.With 50% Le Siben missible oil or 80% DDVP 1
000 times of liquid is on plant surface and ground spray poisoning Chinese yam insect；
6) harvest：It can be harvested when common yam stem betel Huang, worker opens multilayer artificial growth side ridge and holds sand bed, uses circle
Sliding club or hand draw out mountain sand, with the bamboo knife or stainless steel knife to duck in drink, go out cut-out in the following more 15cm of Chinese yam tap and take out,
Remainder root block is still remained in multilayer artificial growth side ridge together with tap, is filled mountain sand again and is entered multilayer artificial growth
Square ridge holds sand bed, into next Chinese yam growth management phase.
Further, in seed selection, from fruit kind or root block kind, fruit kind selection build is uniform, pericarp is bright and clean, without worm
Evil, diameter reach 4~more than 5cm, and the root block of tap following more than 2/3rds is chosen in root block.
Further, after harvesting, the mountain sand filled again needs the processing that carries out disinfection, and by drying disinfection, or adopts
With chemicals disinfection.
Further, multilayer artificial growth side ridge also includes shelf, and the shelf lower end is connected to culture layer circle body two
It is perpendicular to the ground on the outside of long side.
Further, multilayer artificial growth side ridge also includes pole for climbing, the pole for climbing be arranged at the top of shelf or according to
Culture layer upper space is arranged on by shelf is crisscross.
Further, the growth passage on multilayer artificial growth side ridge interlayer, it is square or rectangle or more
Side shape.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Artificial imitation wild yam growing environment can be realized, accomplishes that planting facility is once thrown
Enter, once plant the low input harvested for many years, the planting technology of booming income, and the harvesting of Chinese yam is convenient, is adopted without excavating
Receive, do not influence ecological environment, planting household can investment construction at one's own expense, Government supports construction can also be realized, realize remote and poverty
Precisely shake off poverty in area.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the wild yam multilayer artificial growth side ridge schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A-A sectional views；
Fig. 3 is the interlayer lower part structural representation on multilayer artificial growth side ridge；
In upper figure：1- capital construction layers, 2- hold sand bed, 3- pillars, and 4- enters sediment ejection opening, 5- sandboards, 6- interlayers, 7- culture layers, 8- framves
Son, 9- pole for climbing, 10- growth passages.
Embodiment
In order that technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and implementation
Example, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1）Seed selection：From the good local wild fruit kind of high-quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, shelf-stable, commodity, fruit
Kind selection build is uniform, pericarp is bright and clean, reaches 4~more than 5cm without insect pest, diameter；
2）Build multilayer artificial growth side ridge：
As shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3, including capital construction layer 1, hold sand bed 2, pillar 3, to enter sediment ejection opening 4, interlayer 6, culture layer 7, growth logical
Road 10；The top of capital construction layer 1, which is provided with, holds sand bed 2, and the top of appearance sand bed 2 is provided with interlayer 6, and the top of interlayer 6 is set
It is equipped with culture layer 7；Multilayer artificial growth side ridge, which should be selected, build that geology is harder and than broader place, and capital construction layer 1 is most bottom in
Layer, is arranged on the plate soil layer leveled land；Or the openr gentle slope that capital construction layer 1 is arranged on 15~30 degree is on the ground, excavates
The certain capital construction groove of length and width, length and width are preferably suited measures to local conditions, should not pursue it is long, because the soil consistency of various regions is different, capital construction
The design and construction to be suited measures to local conditions of the length and width of groove, will excavate plate soil layer, can carry be unearthed part appearance sand bed 2, every
Layer 6 and culture layer 7 are indeformable, ensure the firm of facility ground, and cement mortar is poured into capital construction groove and is built into firm capital construction
Layer 1.Hold sand bed 2 to be made up of both ends of the surface and two long side surfaces, its both ends of the surface assembles sealing with solid brick, and two sides are assembled with solid brick
Identical symmetrical pillar 3 is spaced, the bar shaped ridge body formed between empty, reality；The main interlayer 6 carried above it of pillar 3,
The effect of culture layer 7；Enter the interval coffin that sediment ejection opening 4 is provided in the formation of pillar 3 for holding two adjacent spaces on sand bed 2；
Holding, the preferable mountain of filling liquid in sand bed 2 is husky, and the root block of Chinese yam is expanded, extended holding to grow in sand bed 2.Hold and poured on sand bed 2
There is reinforced concrete collar tie beam interlayer 6, growth passage 10 wide at the top and narrow at the bottom is evenly equipped with interlayer 6, interlayer 6 mainly plays carrying and trained above
The effect of layer 7 is supported, growth passage 10 plays positioning Chinese yam root block growth density and direction, it is ensured that the growing space of Chinese yam root block is substantially
Equal effect, so that nutrition balanced and reasonable supplies, and the even inflation of root block.Along the side of interlayer 6 culture layer is assembled with hollow brick
7, form the rectangle wall circle body of closed, be filled with trophoplasm in culture layer 7, trophoplasm preferably from it is loose, fertile, drainage is good
Mountain base soil etc. be rich in the mixture of nutrition, can gather materials on the spot, the soil Ban Shang farmers' dug out during construction planting facility
Fertilizer, or the mountain base soil of annex can.It is different to hold the matrix that sand bed 2 and culture layer 7 are filled, there is provided to the material needed for Chinese yam
Difference, the effect to Chinese yam growth is different, to be strictly sequentially filled by order native after first sand；
As shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2, the sandboard 5, which is arranged on, to be held outside 2 liang of long sides of sand bed, and face enters sediment ejection opening 4.Sandboard 5 is logical
Cross clasp to snap onto on the bolt for holding the outer wall of 2 pillar of sand bed 3, face enters sediment ejection opening 4, and the sealing of sandboard 5 is better to Chinese yam
The growth of root block it is stronger, if poorly sealed reality, form space, Chinese yam root block light can produce green change phenomenon, produce black nightshade
Element, Chinese yam quality is influenceed, sandboard 5 is preferably poured with mixed mud prefabricated board and formed, when common yam stem betel Huang, it is necessary to carry out Chinese yam
During harvesting, worker open sandboard 5, sandboard 5 is moved into safe place, by enter sediment ejection opening 4 remove hold sand bed 2 in sand, one
As can use hand or round and smooth club that sand is drawn out from sediment ejection opening 4 is entered, drawing husky process must be careful, and Chinese yam meat compares
It is tender, it will accidentally be formed and scrape scratch, quality be influenceed, after worker will hold the husky removing of sand bed 2, so that it may see the Chinese yam root of strip
Block, it is suspended on mixed mud interlayer 6, at this moment can uses stainless steel knife or bamboo knife, cut-out takes about at 15cm below Chinese yam tap
Go out a Chinese yam part, remainder root block is appointed together with tap so to be stayed in planting facility, has both been passed the winter for Chinese yam tap deposit
Nutrient, basis is prepared for Second Year growth again, after the completion of harvesting, sand is backfilled into appearance sand bed 2 again, buckles sandboard 5, it is real
The existing coming year harvests again；
As shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2, the lower end of shelf 8 is connected on the outside of the long side of 7 circle body of culture layer two, perpendicular to the ground.The climbing
Bar 9 is placed on the top of shelf 8 along the long side direction of culture layer 7.Shelf 8 can use steel pipe or shaped steel welding fabrication, and shelf is 8 liang short
While it is bolted on 7 outer brick-on-edge wall of culture layer.The pole for climbing 9 is arranged on the top of shelf 8 or handed in length and breadth by shelf 8
Mistake is arranged on the upper space of culture layer 7.Pole for climbing 9 can be bamboo or waddy, be bundled in using finer wire on shelf 8, climbing
Bar 9 can be arranged on the upper space of culture layer 7 according to Chinese yam growing state with crisscross, facilitate common yam stem to climb；
3）Sowing field planting：Selection temperature is sowed when stablizing to 12 DEG C, ground temperature more than 10 DEG C, first, to multilayer artificial growth side
Ridge, which holds, fills the preferable mountain sand of liquid in sand bed 2, then growing the position of passage 10 on the corresponding interlayer 6 of culture layer 7 excavates deep 10cm
Plantation hole, Chinese yam kind is put into plantation hole, covers the machine for sterilizing matter of a 10~15cm of thickness, is compacted, made with hand or hoe
Seedling is in close contact in soil, it is ensured that emergence is neat and healthy and strong, and trophoplasm is filled with most backward culture layer 7；
4）Chinese yam growth management：
A thinnings：After Chinese yam emerges in multilayer artificial growth side ridge, when Chinese yam tendril grows to 40~50cm height, dredge go in time
Cong Miao and weak seedling, ensure spacing mono- Chinese yam seedling of 30cm, according to go it is weak stay it is strong, go it is small stay it is big, prevent or cure a disease and stay strong principle；
B weedings：In Chinese yam seedling growth stage, to ensure the healthy growth of Chinese yam seedling, no rain, the weather without dew, few wind are selected in
During environment, the weeds in the seedling pool are removed clean；
C builts draw rattan：When common yam stem, which is overgrow, grows to 40~50cm height, carried out manual intervention with drawing rattan or drawing rattan band and drawn rattan
Upper boom；
D rich water quality managements：Chinese yam is drought-enduring plant, typically before a top dressing, when soil fully turns white, is gently poured 1~2 time, to soil
Earth top layer soaks, arid more than one week, is selected in early morning moderately pouring, and more rainy seasons pay attention to ditch cleaning draining, ensure plot without product
Water.In wilderness field, long-term evolution adapts to wild yam long term growth, little to the demand of fertilizer, and fertilising will regard Chinese yam and give birth to
Depending on long situation, unsuitable excessive fertilization, enough Chinese yam growths need；
5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Chinese yam Major Diseases are anthracnose and droop, Chinese yam growth period mancozeb wettable powder
500 times of liquid spraying preventions, 1000 times of 1.5% benziothiazolinone aqua of early stage sprinkling, 25% Amici reach 1500 times of suspending agent, 25%
800 times of alternating spray control diseases of amidine acid amides wettable powder, 10 d spray 1 time.With 50% Le Siben missible oil or 80% DDVP 1
000 times of liquid is on plant surface and ground spray poisoning Chinese yam insect；
6) harvest：It can be harvested when common yam stem betel Huang, worker opens multilayer artificial growth side ridge and holds sand bed 2, uses
Round and smooth club or hand draw out mountain sand, with the bamboo knife or stainless steel knife to duck in drink, go out cut-out in the following more 15cm of Chinese yam tap and take
Go out, remainder root block is still remained in multilayer artificial growth side ridge together with tap, and it is husky artificial into multilayer to fill mountain again
The side of plantation ridge holds sand bed 2, into next Chinese yam growth management phase.
Embodiment 2
1）Seed selection：From good wild of the local block kind of high-quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, shelf-stable, commodity, root block
The middle root block for choosing tap following more than 2/3rds；
2）Build multilayer artificial growth side ridge：
As shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3, including capital construction layer 1, hold sand bed 2, pillar 3, to enter sediment ejection opening 4, interlayer 6, culture layer 7, growth logical
Road 10；The top of capital construction layer 1, which is provided with, holds sand bed 2, and the top of appearance sand bed 2 is provided with interlayer 6, and the top of interlayer 6 is set
It is equipped with culture layer 7；Multilayer artificial growth side ridge, which should be selected, build that geology is harder and than broader place, and capital construction layer 1 is most bottom in
Layer, is arranged on the plate soil layer leveled land；Or the openr gentle slope that capital construction layer 1 is arranged on 15~30 degree is on the ground, excavates
The certain capital construction groove of length and width, length and width are preferably suited measures to local conditions, should not pursue it is long, because the soil consistency of various regions is different, capital construction
The design and construction to be suited measures to local conditions of the length and width of groove, will excavate plate soil layer, can carry be unearthed part appearance sand bed 2, every
Layer 6 and culture layer 7 are indeformable, ensure the firm of facility ground, and cement mortar is poured into capital construction groove and is built into firm capital construction
Layer 1.Hold sand bed 2 to be made up of both ends of the surface and two long side surfaces, its both ends of the surface assembles sealing with solid brick, and two sides are assembled with solid brick
Identical symmetrical pillar 3 is spaced, the bar shaped ridge body formed between empty, reality；The main interlayer 6 carried above it of pillar 3,
The effect of culture layer 7；Enter the interval coffin that sediment ejection opening 4 is provided in the formation of pillar 3 for holding two adjacent spaces on sand bed 2；
Holding, the preferable mountain of filling liquid in sand bed 2 is husky, and the root block of Chinese yam is expanded, extended holding to grow in sand bed 2.Hold and poured on sand bed 2
There is reinforced concrete collar tie beam interlayer 6, growth passage 10 wide at the top and narrow at the bottom is evenly equipped with interlayer 6, interlayer 6 mainly plays carrying and trained above
The effect of layer 7 is supported, growth passage 10 plays positioning Chinese yam root block growth density and direction, it is ensured that the growing space of Chinese yam root block is substantially
Equal effect, so that nutrition balanced and reasonable supplies, and the even inflation of root block.Along the side of interlayer 6 culture layer is assembled with hollow brick
7, form the rectangle wall circle body of closed, be filled with trophoplasm in culture layer 7, trophoplasm preferably from it is loose, fertile, drainage is good
Mountain base soil etc. be rich in the mixture of nutrition, can gather materials on the spot, the soil Ban Shang farmers' dug out during construction planting facility
Fertilizer, or the mountain base soil of annex can.It is different to hold the matrix that sand bed 2 and culture layer 7 are filled, there is provided to the material needed for Chinese yam
Difference, the effect to Chinese yam growth is different, to be strictly sequentially filled by order native after first sand.
The sandboard 5, which is arranged on, to be held outside 2 liang of long sides of sand bed, and face enters sediment ejection opening 4.Sandboard 5 is buckled by clasp
Be connected on the bolt for holding the outer wall of sand bed 2 pillar 3, face enters sediment ejection opening 4, the better root block to Chinese yam of sealing of sandboard 5 into
Length is stronger, if poorly sealed reality, forms space, Chinese yam root block light can produce green change phenomenon, produce solanine, influence mountain
Medicine matter, sandboard 5 are preferably poured with mixed mud prefabricated board and formed, when common yam stem betel Huang, it is necessary to when carrying out Chinese yam harvesting, work
People opens sandboard 5, and sandboard 5 is moved into safe place, removes the sand held in sand bed 2 by entering sediment ejection opening 4, can typically use
Hand or round and smooth club are drawn out sand from sediment ejection opening 4 is entered, and drawing husky process must be careful, and Chinese yam meat is tenderer, imprudence
It will be formed and scrape scratch, quality be influenceed, after worker will hold the husky removing of sand bed 2, so that it may see the Chinese yam root block of strip, be suspended on
On mixed mud interlayer 6, stainless steel knife or bamboo knife at this moment can be used, Chinese yam one is taken out in the following cut-out about at 15cm of Chinese yam tap
Point, remainder root block is appointed and so stayed in planting facility together with tap, the nutrient both passed the winter for Chinese yam tap deposit, is the again
Biennial length prepares basis, after the completion of harvesting, sand is backfilled into appearance sand bed 2 again, sandboard 5 is buckled, realizes the coming year again
Harvesting.
As shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2, state the lower end of shelf 8 and be connected on the outside of the long side of 7 circle body of culture layer two, it is perpendicular to the ground.It is described to climb
Pole-climbing 9 is placed on the top of shelf 8 along the long side direction of culture layer 7.Shelf 8 can use steel pipe or shaped steel welding fabrication, 8 liang of shelf
Short side is bolted on 7 outer brick-on-edge wall of culture layer.The pole for climbing 9 is arranged on the top of shelf 8 or relies on shelf 8 in length and breadth
It is staggered in the upper space of culture layer 7.Pole for climbing 9 can be bamboo or waddy, be bundled on shelf 8, climbed using finer wire
Pole-climbing 9 can be arranged on the upper space of culture layer 7 according to Chinese yam growing state with crisscross, facilitate common yam stem to climb.
3）Sowing field planting：Selection temperature is sowed when stablizing to 12 DEG C, ground temperature more than 10 DEG C, first, to multilayer people's work post
The side of plant ridge holds the preferable mountain sand of filling liquid in sand bed 2, and then growing the position of passage 10 on the corresponding interlayer 6 of culture layer 7 excavates deeply
10cm plantation hole, Chinese yam kind is put into plantation hole, the machine for sterilizing matter of a 10~15cm of thickness is covered, with hand or hoe pressure
It is real, seedling is in close contact in soil, it is ensured that emergence is neat and healthy and strong, and trophoplasm is filled with most backward culture layer 7；
4）Chinese yam growth management：
A thinnings：After Chinese yam emerges in multilayer artificial growth side ridge, when Chinese yam tendril grows to 40~50cm height, dredge go in time
Cong Miao and weak seedling, ensure spacing mono- Chinese yam seedling of 30cm, according to go it is weak stay it is strong, go it is small stay it is big, prevent or cure a disease and stay strong principle；
B weedings：In Chinese yam seedling growth stage, to ensure the healthy growth of Chinese yam seedling, no rain, the weather without dew, few wind are selected in
During environment, the weeds in the seedling pool are removed clean；
C builts draw rattan：When common yam stem, which is overgrow, grows to 40~50cm height, carried out manual intervention with drawing rattan or drawing rattan band and drawn rattan
Upper boom；
D rich water quality managements：Chinese yam is drought-enduring plant, typically before a top dressing, when soil fully turns white, is gently poured 1~2 time, to soil
Earth top layer soaks, arid more than one week, is selected in early morning moderately pouring, and more rainy seasons pay attention to ditch cleaning draining, ensure plot without product
Water.In wilderness field, long-term evolution adapts to wild yam long term growth, little to the demand of fertilizer, and fertilising will regard Chinese yam and give birth to
Depending on long situation, unsuitable excessive fertilization, enough Chinese yam growths need；
5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Chinese yam Major Diseases are anthracnose and droop, Chinese yam growth period mancozeb wettable powder
500 times of liquid spraying preventions, 1000 times of 1.5% benziothiazolinone aqua of early stage sprinkling, 25% Amici reach 1500 times of suspending agent, 25%
800 times of alternating spray control diseases of amidine acid amides wettable powder, 10 d spray 1 time.With 50% Le Siben missible oil or 80% DDVP 1
000 times of liquid is on plant surface and ground spray poisoning Chinese yam insect；
6) harvest：It can be harvested when common yam stem betel Huang, worker opens multilayer artificial growth side ridge and holds sand bed 2, uses
Round and smooth club or hand draw out mountain sand, with the bamboo knife or stainless steel knife to duck in drink, go out cut-out in the following more 15cm of Chinese yam tap and take
Go out, remainder root block is still remained in multilayer artificial growth side ridge together with tap, and it is husky artificial into multilayer to fill mountain again
The side of plantation ridge holds sand bed 2, into next Chinese yam growth management phase.
The present invention is described in detail above by specific and preferred embodiment, but those skilled in the art should be bright
In vain, the invention is not limited in embodiment described above, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification for being made,
Equivalent substitution etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of wild yam implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Seed selection：From the good local wild varieties of high-quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, shelf-stable, commodity；
2）Build multilayer artificial growth side ridge：It is characterized in that：Including capital construction layer（1）, hold sand bed（2）, pillar（3）, enter sand discharge
Mouthful（4）, interlayer（6）, culture layer（7）, growth passage（10）；The capital construction layer（1）Top is provided with appearance sand bed（2）, the appearance
Sand bed（2）Top is provided with interlayer（6）, the interlayer（6）Top is provided with culture layer（7）；The capital construction layer（1）It is most bottom
Layer, is arranged on the plate soil layer leveled land；Or capital construction layer（1）It is arranged on 15~30 degree of openr gentle slope on the ground；Institute
State appearance sand bed（2）It is made up of both ends of the surface and two long side surfaces, the sealing of its both ends of the surface, two sides, which are provided with, is spaced identical symmetrical branch
Post（3）, formation is empty, the bar shaped ridge body between reality；It is described enter sediment ejection opening（4）It is provided in appearance sand bed（2）Upper two adjacent spaces
Pillar（3）The interval coffin of formation；The interlayer（6）On be evenly equipped with growth passage wide at the top and narrow at the bottom（10）；The culture
Layer（7）It is arranged on interlayer（6）On, culture layer（7）Along interlayer（6）Edge forms the wall circle body of four side seal closures；
3）Sowing field planting：Selection temperature is sowed when stablizing to 12 DEG C, ground temperature more than 10 DEG C, first, to multilayer artificial growth side
Ridge holds sand bed（2）The middle preferable mountain of filling liquid is husky, then in culture layer（7）Corresponding interlayer（6）Upper growth passage（10）Open at position
Deep 10cm plantation hole is dug, Chinese yam kind is put into plantation hole, the machine for sterilizing matter of a 10~15cm of thickness is covered, with hand or hoe
Compacting, seedling is set to be in close contact in soil, it is ensured that emergence is neat and healthy and strong, and trophoplasm is filled with most backward culture layer 7；
4）Chinese yam growth management：
A thinnings：After Chinese yam emerges in multilayer artificial growth side ridge, when Chinese yam tendril grows to 40~50cm height, dredge go in time
Cong Miao and weak seedling, ensure spacing mono- Chinese yam seedling of 30cm, according to go it is weak stay it is strong, go it is small stay it is big, prevent or cure a disease and stay strong principle；
B weedings：In Chinese yam seedling growth stage, to ensure the healthy growth of Chinese yam seedling, no rain, the weather without dew, few wind are selected in
During environment, the weeds in the seedling pool are removed clean；
C builts draw rattan：When common yam stem, which is overgrow, grows to 40~50cm height, carried out manual intervention with drawing rattan or drawing rattan band and drawn rattan
Upper boom；
D rich water quality managements：Chinese yam is drought-enduring plant, typically before a top dressing, when soil fully turns white, is gently poured 1~2 time, to soil
Earth top layer soaks, arid more than one week, is selected in early morning moderately pouring, and more rainy seasons pay attention to ditch cleaning draining, ensure plot without product
Water.
2. wild yam long term growth adapts in wilderness field, long-term evolution, little to the demand of fertilizer, fertilising will regard Chinese yam
Depending on growing state, unsuitable excessive fertilization, enough Chinese yam growths need；
5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Chinese yam Major Diseases are anthracnose and droop, Chinese yam growth period mancozeb wettable powder
500 times of liquid spraying preventions, 1000 times of 1.5% benziothiazolinone aqua of early stage sprinkling, 25% Amici reach 1500 times of suspending agent, 25%
800 times of alternating spray control diseases of amidine acid amides wettable powder, 10 d spray 1 time.
3. kill Chinese yam insect on plant surface and ground spray with 1 000 times of liquid of 50% Le Siben missible oil or 80% DDVP；
6) harvest：It can be harvested when common yam stem betel Huang, worker opens multilayer artificial growth side ridge and holds sand bed（2）, make
Mountain sand is drawn out with round and smooth club or hand, with the bamboo knife or stainless steel knife to duck in drink, goes out cut-out in the following more 15cm of Chinese yam tap
Take out, remainder root block is still remained in multilayer artificial growth side ridge together with tap, is filled mountain sand again and is entered multilayer people
Work post plant side ridge holds sand bed（2）, into next Chinese yam growth management phase.
A kind of 4. wild yam implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1）In seed selection, choosing
With fruit kind or root block kind, fruit kind selection build is uniform, pericarp is bright and clean, reaches 4~more than 5cm without insect pest, diameter, root block kind
Choose the root block of tap following more than 2/3rds.
A kind of 5. wild yam implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 6）After harvesting, weight
The mountain sand newly filled needs the processing that carries out disinfection, and by drying disinfection, or uses chemicals disinfection.
A kind of 6. wild yam implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2）Middle multilayer is artificial
The side of plantation ridge, it is characterised in that：Also include sandboard（5）, the sandboard（5）It is arranged on appearance sand bed（2）Outside two long sides,
Face enters sediment ejection opening（4）.
A kind of 7. wild yam implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2）Middle multilayer is artificial
The side of plantation ridge, it is characterised in that：Also include shelf（8）, the shelf（8）Lower end is connected to culture layer（7）Outside the long side of circle body two
Side, it is perpendicular to the ground.
A kind of 8. wild yam implantation methods according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the multilayer artificial growth side
Ridge, in addition to pole for climbing（9）, the pole for climbing（9）It is arranged on shelf（8）Top or by shelf（8）It is crisscross to be arranged on
Culture layer（7）Upper space.
A kind of 9. wild yam implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2）Middle multilayer is artificial
The side of plantation ridge, it is characterised in that：The growth passage（10）, it is square or rectangle or polygon.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109220673A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-18 | 巫溪县苗田果蔬有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam |
| CN109328742A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-15 | 巫溪县苗田果蔬有限公司 | Convenient for the yam planter of harvesting |
| CN111616010A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-04 | 山东省轻工农副原料研究所 | Method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in Chinese yam planting |
| CN111869528A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-11-03 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Overhead potato-bearing cultivation method for Chinese yam overhead planting |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109220673A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-18 | 巫溪县苗田果蔬有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam |
| CN109328742A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-15 | 巫溪县苗田果蔬有限公司 | Convenient for the yam planter of harvesting |
| CN111616010A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-04 | 山东省轻工农副原料研究所 | Method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in Chinese yam planting |
| CN111869528A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-11-03 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Overhead potato-bearing cultivation method for Chinese yam overhead planting |
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