CN107690888B - Spiral ditching and fertilizing device - Google Patents
Spiral ditching and fertilizing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107690888B CN107690888B CN201711099638.5A CN201711099638A CN107690888B CN 107690888 B CN107690888 B CN 107690888B CN 201711099638 A CN201711099638 A CN 201711099638A CN 107690888 B CN107690888 B CN 107690888B
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- Prior art keywords
- soil
- collecting box
- ditching
- spiral
- vertical
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
- A01C5/064—Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C3/00—Treating manure; Manuring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a spiral ditching and fertilizing device, and belongs to the field of fertilizing machinery. A spiral ditching and fertilizing device comprises a fixing frame, a hydraulic motor, a vertical spiral ditching knife, a soil collecting box and a fertilizing pipe. The soil collecting box is provided with a flat soil shovel, a soil retaining plate, a soil retaining tail plate, reinforcing strips and the like. Under the control of other adjusting devices, the spiral ditching and fertilizing device can open a curve ditch in a certain distance from the trunk of the fruit tree, and complete fertilization and earthing integrally, and apply fertilizer near the root system of the fruit tree, so that the fruit tree is beneficial to absorb nutrients, the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer is improved, and the spiral ditching and fertilizing device is particularly suitable for short-stock apple orchards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a spiral ditching and fertilizing device, belongs to the field of fertilizing mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to the field of orchard fertilizing machinery.
Background
In the mechanized fertilization process, fertilizer needs to be applied in a groove with a certain depth and covered with soil. In particular, in the process of ditching and fertilizing in an orchard, fertilizer is required to be applied to the annular grooves around the roots of the fruit trees, so that the fertilizer efficiency is improved; when the fertilizer application device is far away from the fruit trees, namely reaches plants, a straight line ditch needs to be formed. In the prior art, an integrated ditching and fertilizing device capable of realizing synchronous operation of curve ditching and linear ditching, ditching and fertilizing and earthing does not exist.
The invention discloses a spiral ditching and fertilizing device which can complete fertilization and earthing integrally by digging a curve ditch in a certain distance from the trunk of a fruit tree under the control of other adjusting devices, is suitable for ditching and fertilizing operations of orchard curves, and is particularly suitable for ditching and fertilizing operations of stable manure curves of orchards with spacious rows and standard tree forms.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the utility model discloses a spiral ditching fertilizer injection unit can satisfy the needs of the fertilization technology that can open sharp ditch, can open curved ditch again, can also accomplish fertilization and earthing simultaneously integrally, reduces orchard fertilization cost, promotes the high-efficient utilization of fertilizer, is applicable to the curved ditching fertilization operation of orchard, is particularly useful for the curved ditching fertilization operation of stable manure in the spacious, tree form standard orchard between the line.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems: how to overcome the defect that the fertilizer efficiency is reduced due to mismatching of the linear ditches and the root systems of the tree plates in ditching and fertilizing and realize ditching, fertilizing and earthing integration.
In order to solve the technical problems to be solved, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the spiral ditching and fertilizing device is characterized in that a hydraulic motor 1 is fixed at the upper end of a fixing frame 10, and the hydraulic motor 1 is connected with a cutter shaft 11 of a vertical spiral ditching cutter 5 through a coupler 2; the lower end of the fixing frame 10 is provided with a rolling bearing 12, the cutter shaft 11 is matched with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 12, and the vertical type spiral ditching cutter 5 is vertically fixed; the soil collecting box 3 is arranged below the fixing frame 10, the soil collecting box 3 is of a circular basin-shaped structure, the ring buckle 9 fixed on the upper edge of the soil collecting box is sleeved on the annular groove 15 at the lower part of the fixing frame 10, and the ring buckle 9 can rotate around the annular groove 15; the center of the basin bottom of the soil collecting box 3 is downwards and concentrically fixedly connected with a section of spiral cylinder 19, and the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 passes through the soil collecting box 3 and the spiral cylinder 19 and keeps concentric with the soil collecting box and the spiral cylinder 19; the upper parts of the helical blades of the vertical helical ditching knife 5 at least extend out of the basin bottom of the soil collecting box 3; a soil retaining plate 6 is fixed at the rear of the lower part of the spiral cylinder 19, the soil retaining plate 6 is positioned at the rear of the vertical spiral ditching knife 5, the soil retaining plate 6 is of an arc-shaped structure, the soil retaining plate and the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 form concentric surrounding, and the lower end of the spiral ditching knife 5 at least exceeds the lower end of the soil retaining plate 6; the upper rear part of the soil collecting box 3 is provided with a soil unloading opening 13, two reinforcing strips 7 are arranged between the soil collecting box and the soil retaining plate 6, and a fertilization pipe 8 is vertically arranged behind the soil retaining plate 6 and is positioned between the two reinforcing strips 7.
The front lower edge of the spiral cylinder 19 is provided with a flat shovel 4, and the flat shovel 4 moves along with the ground surface when working.
The two sides of the soil retaining plate 6 are fixed with soil retaining tail plates 18 backwards, the soil retaining plate 6 is submerged below the ground surface when in operation, the soil retaining tail plates are covered with the ditching outline formed at the front part of the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 through the shielding effect, the periphery of the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 forms a cylindrical sealing area, the cut and broken soil is lifted into the soil collecting box 3 by matching with the vertical spiral ditching knife 5, and the ground forms a groove after operation; the fertilizer pipe 8 behind the soil retaining plate 6 synchronously discharges fertilizer in the groove; the inlet 16 of the fertilizer pipe 8 is connected with a fertilizer box and a fertilizer mechanism.
The bottom of the soil collecting box 3 is provided with a chute 14 backwards, the chute 14 is inclined downwards and is connected with the soil unloading opening 13, soil in the soil collecting box 3 is guided to move towards the soil unloading opening 13, and the soil falls to the rear part of an outlet 17 of the fertilization tube 8 in the groove after passing through the soil unloading opening 13, so that soil collecting backfilling is realized.
The ring buckle 9 of the soil collecting box 3 is in loose connection with the annular groove 15 of the fixing frame 10, so that the soil collecting box 3 is fixed in the vertical direction but can freely rotate around the annular groove 15 within a certain angle range; the rotation of the soil collecting box 3 automatically rotates along with the groove, and the power comes from stirring of soil on the side wall of the groove to the soil retaining tail plates 18 on the two sides; during ditching, the orientation of the chute 14 and the soil discharging opening 13 on the soil collecting box 3 is automatically adjusted along with the ditches.
The rotating speed of the hydraulic motor 1 is adjustable, so that the ditching and soil lifting efficiency of the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 is controlled.
A spiral ditching and fertilizing device has the following working principle:
the spiral ditching and fertilizing device can overcome the defect that the fertilizer efficiency is reduced due to mismatching of a linear ditching and a tree disk root system in ditching and fertilizing and realize ditching, fertilizing and earthing integration, and the concrete process and the working principle are as follows:
when the spiral ditching and fertilizing device is used for fertilizing under the control of other adjusting devices, the vertical spiral ditching knife, the soil retaining plate and the fertilizing pipe are immersed below the ground surface, the hydraulic motor drives the vertical spiral ditching knife to rotate, the soil retaining plate behind the vertical spiral ditching knife forms a surrounding with a ditching contour formed at the front part of the vertical spiral ditching knife through a shielding effect, the periphery of the vertical spiral ditching knife forms a cylindrical sealing area, the vertical spiral ditching knife is matched with the vertical spiral ditching knife to lift cut and smashed soil into the soil collecting box, grooves are formed on the ground after the operation, fertilizer is conveyed into the fertilizing pipe fixed behind the soil retaining plate through the fertilizer feeding mechanism, and the fertilizer is applied to the grooves through an outlet below the fertilizing pipe. In the ditching and fertilizing operation process of the device, the soil collecting box is driven by soil on the wall of the ditch to the soil retaining tail plates on two sides, the soil collecting box can automatically rotate along with the ditch, the orientation of a chute and a soil unloading opening on the soil collecting box can be automatically adjusted along with the ditch, and soil falls to the rear part of an outlet of a fertilizing pipe in the ditch after passing through the soil unloading opening to cover fertilizer in the ditch, so that synchronous ditching, fertilizing and earthing operation is realized.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows: the spiral ditching and fertilizing device can overcome the defect that the fertilizer efficiency is reduced due to mismatching of the linear ditches and the root systems of the tree plates in ditching and fertilizing and realize ditching, fertilizing and earthing integration. The method is suitable for orchard curve ditching and fertilizing operation, and is particularly suitable for stable manure curve ditching and fertilizing operation of orchards with spacious rows and standard tree forms.
Reference numerals: 1. the soil-collecting machine comprises a hydraulic motor 2, a shaft coupling 3, a soil-collecting box 4, a flat shovel 5, a vertical spiral ditching cutter 6, a soil-retaining plate 7, reinforcing strips 8, a fertilization pipe 9, a ring buckle 10, a fixing frame 11, a cutter shaft 12, a rolling bearing 13, a soil-discharging opening 14, a chute 15, an annular groove 16, an inlet 17, an outlet 18, a soil-retaining tail plate 19 and a spiral cylinder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a right front view of a screw type ditching and fertilizing device
FIG. 2 is a rear left side view of a screw type ditching and fertilizing device
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the soil box
Fig. 4 is a structural view of the fixing frame.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation structural scheme of the spiral ditching and fertilizing device is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, a spiral ditching and fertilizing device is characterized in that a hydraulic motor 1 is fixed at the upper end of a fixing frame 10, and the hydraulic motor 1 is connected with a cutter shaft 11 of a vertical spiral ditching cutter 5 through a coupler 2; the lower end of the fixing frame 10 is provided with a rolling bearing 12, the cutter shaft 11 is matched with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 12, and the vertical type spiral ditching cutter 5 is vertically fixed; the soil collecting box 3 is arranged below the fixing frame 10, the soil collecting box 3 is of a circular basin-shaped structure, the ring buckle 9 fixed on the upper edge of the soil collecting box is sleeved on the annular groove 15 at the lower part of the fixing frame 10, and the ring buckle 9 can rotate around the annular groove 15; the center of the basin bottom of the soil collecting box 3 is downwards and concentrically fixedly connected with a section of spiral cylinder 19, and the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 passes through the soil collecting box 3 and the spiral cylinder 19 and keeps concentric with the soil collecting box and the spiral cylinder 19; the upper parts of the helical blades of the vertical helical ditching knives 5 at least extend out of the basin bottom of the soil collecting box 3, so that the vertical helical ditching knives are ensured to convey soil to the soil collecting box; a soil retaining plate 6 is fixed at the rear of the lower part of the spiral cylinder 19, the soil retaining plate 6 is positioned at the rear of the vertical spiral ditching knife 5, the soil retaining plate 6 is of an arc-shaped structure, the soil retaining plate and the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 form concentric surrounding, and the lower end of the spiral ditching knife 5 at least exceeds the lower end of the soil retaining plate 6; the upper rear part of the soil collecting box 3 is provided with a soil unloading opening 13, two reinforcing strips 7 are arranged between the soil collecting box and the soil retaining plate 6, and a fertilization pipe 8 is vertically arranged behind the soil retaining plate 6 and is positioned between the two reinforcing strips 7.
As shown in fig. 3, the front lower edge of the spiral cylinder 19 is provided with a flat shovel 4, the flat shovel 4 moves along the ground surface when working, the flat shovel walks above the ground when working, no great resistance is generated, and only the ground surface is subjected to preliminary flattening, so that the phenomenon that the vertical spiral ditching knife is exposed out of the ground due to uneven ground is prevented, and soil scattering is caused.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the two sides of the retaining plate 6 are fixed with retaining tail plates 18 backwards, the retaining plate 6 is submerged under the ground surface when in operation, the periphery of the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 forms a cylindrical sealing area by shielding effect and surrounding with the ditching contour formed at the front part of the vertical spiral ditching knife 5, the cut and broken soil is lifted into the soil collecting box 3 by matching with the vertical spiral ditching knife 5, and the ground forms a groove after operation; the fertilizer pipe 8 behind the soil retaining plate 6 synchronously discharges fertilizer in the groove; the inlet 16 of the fertilizer pipe 8 is connected with a fertilizer box and a fertilizer mechanism.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the bottom of the soil collecting box 3 is provided with a chute 14 backwards, the chute 14 is inclined downwards and is connected with the soil unloading opening 13, the soil in the soil collecting box 3 is guided to move towards the soil unloading opening 13, and the soil falls to the rear part of the outlet 17 of the fertilizing tube 8 in the groove after passing through the soil unloading opening 13, so as to cover fertilizer and realize soil collecting backfilling.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the ring buckle 9 of the soil collecting box 3 is in loose connection with the annular groove 15 of the fixing frame 10, so that the soil collecting box 3 is fixed in the vertical direction but can freely rotate around the annular groove 15 within a certain angle range; the rotation of the soil collecting box 3 automatically rotates along with the groove, and the power comes from stirring of soil on the side wall of the groove to the soil retaining tail plates 18 on the two sides; during ditching operation, due to the change of ditching route, the soil retaining tail plate 18 is stirred by the side wall of the ditch, and the directions of the chute 14 and the soil unloading opening 13 on the soil collecting box 3 are automatically adjusted along with the ditch, so that the soil in the soil collecting box 3 accurately falls into the ditch.
As shown in fig. 1, the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor 1 is adjustable, so that the ditching and soil lifting efficiency of the vertical spiral ditching knife 5 is controlled.
Further illustrates the working principle of the orchard spiral ditching and fertilizing device:
when the spiral ditching and fertilizing device is used for fertilizing under the control of other adjusting devices, the vertical spiral ditching knife, the soil retaining plate and the fertilizing pipe are immersed below the ground surface, the hydraulic motor drives the vertical spiral ditching knife to rotate, the soil retaining plate behind the vertical spiral ditching knife forms a surrounding with a ditching contour formed at the front part of the vertical spiral ditching knife through a shielding effect, the periphery of the vertical spiral ditching knife forms a cylindrical sealing area, the vertical spiral ditching knife is matched with the vertical spiral ditching knife to lift cut and smashed soil into the soil collecting box, grooves are formed on the ground after the operation, fertilizer is conveyed into the fertilizing pipe fixed behind the soil retaining plate through the fertilizer feeding mechanism, and the fertilizer is applied to the grooves through an outlet below the fertilizing pipe. In the ditching and fertilizing operation process of the device, the soil collecting box is driven by soil on the wall of the ditch to the soil retaining tail plates on two sides, the soil collecting box can automatically rotate along with the ditch, the orientation of a chute and a soil unloading opening on the soil collecting box can be automatically adjusted along with the ditch, and soil falls to the rear part of an outlet of a fertilizing pipe in the ditch after passing through the soil unloading opening to cover fertilizer in the ditch, so that synchronous ditching, fertilizing and earthing operation is realized.
Claims (3)
1. The spiral ditching and fertilizing device is characterized in that a hydraulic motor (1) is fixed at the upper end of a fixing frame (10), and the hydraulic motor (1) is connected with a cutter shaft (11) of a vertical spiral ditching cutter (5) through a coupler (2); the lower end of the fixing frame (10) is provided with a rolling bearing (12), the cutter shaft (11) is matched with the inner ring of the rolling bearing (12), and the vertical fixing is carried out on the vertical spiral ditching cutter (5); a soil collecting box (3) is arranged below the fixing frame (10), the soil collecting box (3) is of a round basin-shaped structure, a ring buckle (9) with the upper edge fixed is sleeved on an annular groove (15) at the lower part of the fixing frame (10), and the ring buckle (9) can rotate around the annular groove (15); the center of the basin bottom of the soil collecting box (3) is downwards and concentrically fixedly connected with a section of spiral cylinder (19), and the vertical spiral ditching knife (5) penetrates through the soil collecting box (3) and the spiral cylinder (19) and is kept concentric with the soil collecting box and the spiral cylinder; the upper parts of the helical blades of the vertical helical ditching knife (5) at least extend out of the basin bottom of the soil collecting box (3); a soil retaining plate (6) is fixed at the rear of the lower part of the spiral cylinder (19), the soil retaining plate (6) is positioned at the rear of the vertical spiral ditching knife (5), the soil retaining plate (6) is of an arc-shaped structure, and forms concentric surrounding with the vertical spiral ditching knife (5), and the lower end of the spiral ditching knife (5) at least exceeds the lower end of the soil retaining plate (6); the upper rear part of the soil collecting box (3) is provided with a soil discharging opening (13), two reinforcing strips (7) are arranged between the soil collecting box and the soil retaining plate (6), and a fertilization pipe (8) is vertically arranged behind the soil retaining plate (6) and is positioned between the two reinforcing strips (7);
the soil retaining plates (6) are fixed with soil retaining tail plates (18) backwards at two sides, the soil retaining plates (6) are submerged below the ground surface when in operation, the soil retaining plates are covered with a ditching profile formed at the front part of the vertical spiral ditching knife (5) through a shielding effect, the periphery of the vertical spiral ditching knife (5) forms a cylindrical sealing area, the cut and broken soil is lifted into the soil collecting box (3) by matching with the vertical spiral ditching knife (5), and a groove is formed on the ground after operation; a fertilizer pipe (8) behind the soil retaining plate (6) synchronously discharges fertilizer in the groove; an inlet (16) of the fertilization tube (8) is connected with a fertilizer box and a fertilizer mechanism;
the bottom of the soil collecting box (3) is provided with a chute (14) backwards, the chute (14) is inclined downwards and is connected with the soil unloading opening (13), soil in the soil collecting box (3) is guided to move towards the soil unloading opening (13), and the soil falls to the rear part of an outlet (17) of a fertilizing pipe (8) in the groove after passing through the soil unloading opening (13), so that soil collecting backfilling is realized;
the ring buckle (9) of the soil collecting box (3) is in loose connection with the annular groove (15) of the fixing frame (10) in a free rotation way, so that the soil collecting box (3) is fixed in the vertical direction and can freely rotate around the annular groove (15) in a certain angle range; the rotation of the soil collecting box (3) is automatically along with the rotation of the groove, and the power is from the stirring of soil on the side wall of the groove to the soil retaining tail plates (18) on the two sides; during ditching, the directions of a chute (14) and a soil discharging opening (13) on the soil collecting box (3) are automatically adjusted along with the ditches.
2. The spiral ditching and fertilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front lower edge of the spiral cylinder (19) is provided with a flat shovel (4), and the flat shovel (4) moves against the ground surface when in operation.
3. The spiral ditching and fertilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor (1) is adjustable, so that the ditching and soil lifting efficiency of the vertical spiral ditching knife (5) is controlled.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201711099638.5A CN107690888B (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | Spiral ditching and fertilizing device |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201711099638.5A CN107690888B (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | Spiral ditching and fertilizing device |
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CN107690888A CN107690888A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
CN107690888B true CN107690888B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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CN201711099638.5A Active CN107690888B (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | Spiral ditching and fertilizing device |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5765966A (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-06-16 | White; Thomas B. | Sub-surface trenching and backfill apparatus |
CN104206074A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-17 | 甘肃农业大学 | Direct-insertion type potato seeding and soil covering mechanism |
CN107114208A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-09-01 | 王兴民 | A kind of efficient sapling planting unit |
CN206575822U (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-10-24 | 塔里木大学 | The spiral organic fertilizer applicator of Cold region apple jujube garden |
CN207543555U (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-06-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of spiral ditching-fertilizing device |
-
2017
- 2017-11-09 CN CN201711099638.5A patent/CN107690888B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5765966A (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-06-16 | White; Thomas B. | Sub-surface trenching and backfill apparatus |
CN104206074A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-17 | 甘肃农业大学 | Direct-insertion type potato seeding and soil covering mechanism |
CN206575822U (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-10-24 | 塔里木大学 | The spiral organic fertilizer applicator of Cold region apple jujube garden |
CN107114208A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-09-01 | 王兴民 | A kind of efficient sapling planting unit |
CN207543555U (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-06-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of spiral ditching-fertilizing device |
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CN107690888A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
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