CN107690496A - 溶解纸浆制造中降低纸浆粘度的方法 - Google Patents

溶解纸浆制造中降低纸浆粘度的方法 Download PDF

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CN107690496A
CN107690496A CN201680029321.1A CN201680029321A CN107690496A CN 107690496 A CN107690496 A CN 107690496A CN 201680029321 A CN201680029321 A CN 201680029321A CN 107690496 A CN107690496 A CN 107690496A
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L·罗伯特松
V-M·沃伦佩洛
乔纳斯·科恩
K·卡斯基
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Kemira Oyj
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种降低溶解纸浆制造中的纸浆粘度的方法。该方法包括生产纤维素纸浆(由此获得的纤维素纸浆具有至少90％的纤维素含量)，并且漂白所获得的纤维素纸浆。在漂白之后用过甲酸处理纤维素纸浆。

Description

溶解纸浆制造中降低纸浆粘度的方法
本发明涉及根据所附独立权利要求的前序部分的一种降低溶解纸浆制造中的纸浆粘度的方法。
溶解纸浆是漂白的纤维素纸浆，其是在化学制浆方法中制造的，其中将剥皮木材的碎片与蒸煮化学品的混合物一起蒸煮以从纸浆中除去木质素、提取物和半纤维素。蒸煮后，将纸浆洗涤、漂白并干燥。所得到的溶解纸浆具有高的纤维素含量和高水平的亮度。在该过程中可使用木材或棉绒作为原料。
溶解纸浆不用于生产轻型纸或纸板产品，但用于对纸浆的化学纯度和低半纤维素含量有特殊要求的最终用途。通过溶剂或通过衍生化将溶解纸浆溶解到均匀的溶液中，其可用于纺织纤维的纺丝，用于生产衍生的纤维素，例如三乙酸纤维素，或用于生产纤维素醚如羧甲基纤维素。
生产溶解纸浆的重要质量参数是高纯度，即高纤维素含量和亮度，以及纸浆的低粘度。如果纸浆的粘度过高，则所生产的纸浆的价格降低。因此，纸浆粘度是生产中的核心利益之一。传统上，通过在单独的漂白阶段中加入次氯酸盐来控制纸浆的粘度。然而，当由于环境问题而降低在纸浆生产中使用的氯化合物时，不断地需要有效的解决方案来控制所生产的纸浆粘度。
本发明的目的是最小化或甚至消除现有技术中存在的缺点。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于控制溶解纸浆粘度的有效方法。
这些目的通过独立权利要求中公开的特征来实现。
本发明由附加的独立权利要求的特征限定。本发明的一些优选实施方案在从属权利要求中提供。
根据本发明的用于降低溶解纸浆的生产中的纸浆粘度的典型方法包括
-生产纤维素纸浆，由此获得的纤维素纸浆具有至少90％的纤维素含量，
-漂白所获得的纤维素纸浆，和
-用过甲酸处理漂白后所获得的纤维素纸浆。
现在已经惊奇地发现，在漂白阶段之后向漂白的纸浆中添加过甲酸导致纸浆粘度的降低。即使相对少的剂量的过甲酸也能够显著降低溶解的纸浆的粘度。此外，过甲酸是甲酸和过氧化氢的反应产物，并且它是完全可生物降解和腐蚀安全的。因此，使用过甲酸是有利的，因为它或它的降解产物不会危害环境或工艺设备。
在本发明中使用的过甲酸CH2O3为水溶液。通常，过甲酸具有按重量体积形式计算为至少10％的浓度，按重量体积形式计算通常为约13.5％。优选地，使用水性过甲酸溶液作为平衡溶液。
通常，纸浆是以含水浆料形式从漂白获得的，该含水浆料具有以干含量计算为5-15％，优选7-12％的稠度。漂白可包括一个或几个漂白步骤，其中使纸浆与漂白化学品接触。可在最后的漂白步骤结束之后直接和立即用过甲酸处理纸浆。这意味着在最后的漂白步骤之后，将过甲酸加入到含水纸浆中。
根据本发明的一个实施方案，以0.1-7千克/吨干纸浆，优选0.5-5千克/吨干纸浆，更优选1-3千克/吨干纸浆的量使用过甲酸。剂量以100％的过甲酸形式给出。
添加的过甲酸不提供纸浆的亮度的显著改善。因此，过甲酸的功能不是改善纸浆的亮度，而是降低粘度。根据标准CAN-CM 15:99或标准ISO5351测量的，粘度的降低可以为至少30dm3/kg，优选为至少50dm3/kg。粘度的降低被理解为在用过甲酸处理之前所测量的纸浆的粘度值与用过甲酸处理之后所测量的纸浆的粘度值之间的差异。根据标准ISO 3688、ISO2470测量的，亮度变化通常小于2％ISO，优选为小于1％ISO。亮度变化是在用过甲酸处理之前所测量的纸浆的亮度与用过甲酸处理之后所测量的纸浆的亮度之间的差异。
在用过甲酸处理期间纸浆浆料的pH为至少5，优选为至少6。优选地，用过甲酸处理期间的pH小于11，优选为小于10。通常，用过甲酸处理期间的pH可在5-10，优选为6-8的范围内。优选地，在用过甲酸处理期间的纸浆浆料的pH不会显著变化，通常pH变化小于一个pH单位。
过甲酸处理期间的温度可以在30-100℃，优选为40-70℃的范围内。因此，对于过甲酸处理，不需要额外加热或冷却纸浆浆料，并且可在漂白结束后直接和立即处理纸浆浆料。换言之，优选地在用过甲酸处理之前，该方法没有额外加热或冷却纸浆。
根据本发明的一个优选的实施方案，原位生产过甲酸并直接引导至过甲酸处理阶段。这意味着所生产的过甲酸直接用于在漂白后处理纤维素纸浆。适用于本发明的过甲酸的制备单元已由Kemira Oyj,Finland设计。因此，可在其中将其加入到纸浆浆料中的工艺位置附近制备过甲酸。这保证了过甲酸的高化学效率。通过合适的连接件将过甲酸引导到工艺位置，并通过使用合适的进料装置进料到期望的纸浆浆料流。可将过甲酸直接进料到纸浆浆料的工艺流中，并且通过湍流实现过甲酸的混合。
根据本发明的一个实施方案，在过甲酸的添加中，还可以在漂白步骤之后向纸浆浆料加入蒸馏的过乙酸。可以0.01-30千克/吨干纸浆，优选为10-20千克/吨干纸浆的量将蒸馏的过乙酸加入到纸浆浆料中。可在加入过甲酸之前或之后，即在用过甲酸处理纸浆之前或之后添加蒸馏的过乙酸。蒸馏的过乙酸提供脱木质素和/或提亮的效果，因此形成后漂白步骤，其可用于减少纸浆的亮度变化，或抵抗纸浆的漂白后黄变。
所描述的方法，任选地使用预水解步骤，可用于降低通过kraft法生产的溶解纤维素纸浆的粘度。在预水解步骤期间，含纤维素的原料中的半纤维素的至少一部分，优选主要部分被降解和/或溶解。在预水解步骤之后，在kraft法中用氢氧化钠或用氢氧化钠和硫化钠的水性混合物进一步处理原料，由此将木质素降解和溶解。这导致纤维素纤维的释放。或者，根据本发明的方法可用于降低溶解的纤维素纸浆的粘度，该溶解的纤维素纸浆通过使用采用亚硫酸氢盐溶液作为蒸煮液的酸式亚硫酸盐制浆法生产。亚硫酸盐工艺还可包括用于溶解半纤维素的预水解步骤。
用过甲酸处理的纤维素纸浆具有至少92％，优选至少95％的纤维素含量。
根据本发明的一个实施方案，测量在漂白之后，即在最后的漂白步骤之后的纸浆的粘度，并且在纸浆的粘度值高于预定的粘度值的情况下，用过甲酸处理该纸浆。还可基于所获得的或所测定的粘度值调节用于处理纸浆的过甲酸的量。
根据本发明的另一个实施方案，通过在漂白之后向纸浆连续加入过甲酸来处理纤维素纸浆。过甲酸的加入可以完全自动化。
实施例
在以下非限制性实施例中更详细地描述本发明的一些实施方案。
实施例1
在漂白之后将不合规格的溶解牛皮纸浆单独进行粘度降低处理。粘度降低步骤在60℃的温度下进行，停留时间为120分钟。纸浆稠度为10％，并且使用的过酸剂量为2千克/吨干纸浆。纸浆的pH水平为8。测试了两种不同的过酸，即过氧酸(PFA)和过乙酸(PAA)
实施例1的结果示于表1。
表1.实施例1的结果。
从表2可以看出，用过甲酸处理的纸浆将粘度降低了60dm3/kg，这足以将不合规格的纸浆转变为符合规格的纸浆。当使用过乙酸时，不能观察到相同显著的粘度降低。
即使本发明是参照目前看来是最实用和优选的实施方案进行描述的，但应当理解，本发明不局限于上述实施方案，而本发明旨在包括在所附权利要求范围内的不同的修改和等同技术方案。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于降低溶解纸浆制造中的纸浆粘度的方法，所述方法包括
-生产纤维素纸浆，由此获得的纤维素纸浆具有至少90％的纤维素含量，
-漂白所获得的纤维素纸浆，
其特征在于
-用过甲酸处理漂白后的所述纤维素纸浆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，以0.1-7千克/吨纸浆，优选0.5-5千克/吨纸浆，更优选1-3千克/吨纸浆的量使用过甲酸。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在用过甲酸处理期间，pH为至少5，优选至少6。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，在用过甲酸处理期间，纸浆的pH变化小于一个pH单位。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在用过甲酸处理期间，温度为30-100℃，优选40-70℃。
6.根据前述权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在用过甲酸处理之前，所述方法没有额外加热或冷却所述纸浆。
7.根据前述权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在最后的漂白步骤结束之后，直接和立即用过甲酸处理所述纸浆。
8.根据前述权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，基于干含量计，来自漂白的纸浆具有5-15％，优选7-12％的稠度。
9.根据前述权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，原位生产所述过甲酸并在漂白之后直接用于处理所述纤维素纸浆。
10.根据前述权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在漂白之后以0.01-30千克/吨干纸浆，优选10-20千克/吨干纸浆的量向所述纸浆中进一步加入蒸馏的过乙酸。
11.根据前述权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，通过具有预水解步骤的kraft法生产所述纤维素纸浆。
12.根据前述权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所获得的用过甲酸处理的纤维素纸浆具有至少92％，优选95％的纤维素含量。
13.根据前述权利要求1-12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于
-测量漂白后的纸浆的粘度，
-在所述纸浆的粘度值高于预定的粘度值的情况下，用过甲酸处理所述纸浆。
14.根据前述权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在漂白之后，通过向纸浆中连续加入过甲酸来处理所述纤维素纸浆。
15.根据前述权利要求1-14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述纸浆的粘度的降低为至少30dm3/kg，优选至少50dm3/kg。
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