CN107652452B - 一种主客体超分子水凝胶及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种主客体超分子水凝胶及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种主客体超分子水凝胶及其制备方法与应用,所述主客体超分子水凝胶由主客体超分子和甲基丙烯酸酐化的明胶(GelMA)在紫外光(UV)条件下引发自由基共聚制备而成,具有良好的力学强度和生物相容性。主客体超分子由经丙烯酸异氰基乙酯改性的β‑环糊精(β‑CD)和丙烯化的1‑溴代金刚烷通过主客体偶合作用制备而成。对比纯GelMA水凝胶,主客体超分子水凝胶展现了良好的力学性能,通过调节主客体超分子的浓度可以控制水凝胶的力学强度,同时具备良好的生物相容性。本发明制备过程简单,条件温和,力学强度有效提高,在组织修复工程领域有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物材料制造的技术领域,尤其是指一种主客体超分子水凝胶及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
组织修复工程中,生物水凝胶是一种与人体软组织的含水量、生物结构和物理性质最相近的材料,近些年来成为生物材料领域研究的热点之一。其中天然高分子材料,如胶原、明胶、透明质酸和壳聚糖等,相比于合成高分子材料具备更加优秀的生物相容性,是一种拥有巨大潜力的生物高分子材料。
但是,不足的是,单纯由天然高分子制备的水凝胶通常力学强度差,降解过快,在临床应用中取用不便等。这给天然高分子水凝胶在组织修复与重建工程领域的实际应用带来巨大的挑战。采用有机小分子(如丙烯酰胺,甲基丙烯酸等)改性天然水凝胶是增强水凝胶力学强度的一种方法,但是有机化合物的引入容易带来一定的细胞毒性,不利于生物材料的应用。因此,改善天然高分子水凝胶的力学性能,同时具备一定力学强度和良好的生物相容性对软组织修复工程领域具有良好的应用前景和现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种主客体超分子水凝胶及其制备方法与应用,能很好地改善现有天然高分子水凝胶材料存在的力学强度差的缺点,同时保持其良好生物相容性的特点。
为实现上述目的,本发明所提供的技术方案如下:
一种主客体超分子水凝胶,所述主客体超分子水凝胶由主客体超分子和甲基丙烯酸酐化的明胶(GelMA)在紫外光(UV)条件下引发自由基共聚制备而成,具有力学强度和生物相容性。
所述主客体超分子水凝胶采用2-羟基-4-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮(I2959)作为光引发剂,其中,水凝胶质量分数为明胶(GelMA)占10%~15%,主客体超分子占2%~15%,引发剂占0.1%~0.5%,其余为去离子水≥70%。
所述主客体超分子由丙烯酸异氰基乙酯改性的β-环糊精(β-CD-AOI2)和丙烯化的1-溴代金刚烷(A-TEG-Ad)在水作为溶剂中通过主客体偶合作用制备而成,其中,所述β-环糊精和1-溴代金刚烷的摩尔质量比为:1.0~1.2。
所述β-环糊精的丙烯酸异氰基乙酯的接枝率为1.5~2.5,即一个β-环糊精上有1.5~2.5个羟基与丙烯酸异氰基乙酯反应。
上述主客体超分子水凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)采用丙烯酸异氰基乙酯(AOI)对β-环糊精进行化学改性使其接枝上双键,制备得到丙烯酸异氰基乙酯改性的β-环糊精(β-CD-AOI2);
2)采用四甘醇和丙烯酰氯分别化学修饰1-溴代金刚烷,使其接枝上一个双键,制备得到丙烯化的1-溴代金刚烷(A-TEG-Ad);
3)采用甲基丙烯酸酐化学改性天然高分子明胶,制备得到甲基丙烯酸酐化的明胶(GelMA),使其能够紫外条件下聚合;
4)将上述制备的β-环糊精(β-CD-AOI2)和1-溴代金刚烷(A-TEG-Ad)按比例溶解在水中,充分搅拌使两者包合完全,即可得到主客体超分子;
5)将主客体超分子和步骤3)制备的明胶(GelMA)按比例配制水凝胶预聚液,加入光引发剂,在365nm波长的紫外灯中照射5~20分钟,即可得到固态的主客体超分子水凝胶。
步骤1)中制备的β-环糊精(β-CD-AOI2)采用如下具体方法制备:在氮气氛围中,将重结晶的β-环糊精溶于无水N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺(DMF)中,逐滴加入丙烯酸异氰基乙酯,以辛酸亚锡作为催化剂,在室温下充分搅拌反应3~5小时,然后用冷丙酮将产物沉淀出来,重新溶解在水中,再用丙酮沉淀,重复2~3次,真空干燥即得到产物β-环糊精(β-CD-AOI2)。
步骤2)中制备的1-溴代金刚烷(A-TEG-Ad)采用如下具体方法制备:首先,将1-溴代金刚烷和三乙胺溶于四甘醇溶液中,在110℃下回流反应18~36小时,分别采用稀盐酸溶液和去离子水洗涤,再依次进行二氯甲烷萃取、收集有机相、干燥、旋蒸;将制得产物溶于二氯甲烷中,再滴加丙烯酰氯于65℃下搅拌反应2~3小时,反应结束后用氯化钠溶液洗涤,再依次进行干燥、旋蒸、柱层析提纯,得到浅黄色油状产物1-溴代金刚烷(A-TEG-Ad)。
步骤3)中制备的明胶(GelMA)的甲基丙烯酸酐接枝率为75%~88%。
步骤4)中β-环糊精(β-CD-AOI2)和1-溴代金刚烷(A-TEG-Ad)的摩尔比为1.0~1.2,搅拌时长为8~24小时。
上述制备的主客体超分子水凝胶可用于组织修复工程中的敷料或水凝胶支架材料。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下优点与有益效果:
1、本发明创新性地采用主体分子(β-环糊精)与客体分子(A-TEG-Ad)在小分子水平上先实现包合,然后再与高分子链形成主客体偶合网络。相比于同类主客体水凝胶,这种方法排除了位阻效应,极大的提高了偶合效率,从而增强了制备的主客体水凝胶的力学强度,相对于纯GelMA水凝胶,本发明制备的水凝胶的杨氏模量提升了550%。
2、本发明制备的主客体水凝胶采用的原料为美国FDA许可的生物材料,所以制备的水凝胶不仅明显的提高了其力学性能,同时保持了天然高分子材料良好的生物相容性,很好的解决了将生物相容性与力学性能完美结合的生物材料技术难题。
3、考虑到本发明水凝胶具有较高强度,同时具备优良的生物相容性,作为最佳的应用,本发明合金可以作为可用于组织修复工程中的敷料或水凝胶支架材料。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备的纯GelMA与主客体超分子水凝胶图片。
图2显示的是纯GelMA水凝胶在受到500g砝码重量压力时的水凝胶状态图。
图3显示的是主客体超分子浓度为9%(w/v)的主客体超分子水凝胶受到1kg砝码重量压力时的水凝胶状态图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例所提供的主客体超分子水凝胶,是由主客体超分子和甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶(GelMA)通过紫外光(UV)引发自由基共聚而成,同时具备良好的力学强度和生物相容性。其中,所述主客体超分子水凝胶采用2-羟基-4-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮(I2959)作为光引发剂,水凝胶质量分数为GelMA占10%~15%,主客体超分子占2%~15%,引发剂占0.1%~0.5%,其余为去离子水≥70%。主客体超分子由丙烯酸异氰基乙酯改性的β-环糊精(β-CD-AOI2)和丙烯化的1-溴代金刚烷(A-TEG-Ad)在水作为溶剂中通过主客体偶合作用制备而成,化学改性β-环糊精的丙烯酸异氰基乙酯的接枝率为1.5~2.5(即一个β-环糊精上有1.5~2.5个羟基与丙烯酸异氰基乙酯反应),其摩尔比为:β-CD-AOI2/A-TEG-Ad=1.0~1.2。
下面为本实施例上述主客体超分子水凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)氮气氛围中,将经过2次重结晶的5gβ-环糊精溶于25mL无水DMF中,将1.07g丙烯酸异氰基乙酯逐滴加至反应体系,加入25μL辛酸亚锡作为催化剂,在室温下充分搅拌反应4小时,然后用400mL冷丙酮将产物沉淀出来,将所得沉淀重新溶解在10mL水中,再用丙酮沉淀,重复2次,真空干燥即得到β-CD-AOI2,产率为85%。
2)将10g 1-溴代金刚烷和1mL的三乙胺溶于200mL四甘醇溶液中,在110℃下回流反应1天,分别采用稀盐酸溶液和去离子水洗涤,二氯甲烷萃取,收集有机相,干燥,旋蒸。将制得产物重新溶于50mL二氯甲烷中,再滴加1.5mL丙烯酰氯于65℃下搅拌反应2小时,反应结束后用氯化钠溶液洗涤,干燥,旋蒸,柱层析提纯,得到浅黄色油状产物A-TEG-Ad,产率为80%。
3)采用甲基丙烯酸酐化学改性天然高分子明胶,制备得到甲基丙烯酸酐化的明胶(GelMA),使其能够紫外条件下聚合。
4)将5gβ-CD-AOI2溶于8.8mL的去离子水中,然后加入1.35g的A-TEG-Ad(β-CD-AOI2/A-TEG-Ad=1.0)在室温下搅拌12小时,溶液逐渐变澄清透明,即得到主客体超分子。
5)将主客体超分子和制备的GelMA按以下比例配制水凝胶预聚液,主客体超分子为2%(w/v),GelMA为10%(w/v),加入光引发剂为0.1%(w/v),装入圆形模具,在365nm波长的紫外灯中照射8分钟,即可得到固态的主客体超分子水凝胶。
图1显示的是GelMA水凝胶和不同浓度的主客体超分子水凝胶的成品图,可以发现加入了主客体超分子之后,水凝胶颜色加深,形状更加规则。
图2显示的是纯GelMA水凝胶在受到500g砝码重量压力时的水凝胶状态图,可以看到整个水凝胶被破坏。
实施例2
本实施例所提供的主客体超分子水凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)氮气氛围中,将经过2次重结晶的5gβ-环糊精溶于25mL无水DMF中,将1.07g丙烯酸异氰基乙酯逐滴加至反应体系,加入25μL辛酸亚锡作为催化剂,在室温下充分搅拌反应4小时,然后用400mL冷丙酮将产物沉淀出来,将所得沉淀重新溶解在10mL水中,再用丙酮沉淀,重复2次,真空干燥即得到β-CD-AOI2,产率为85%。
2)将10g 1-溴代金刚烷和1mL的三乙胺溶于200mL四甘醇溶液中,在110℃下回流反应1天,分别采用稀盐酸溶液和去离子水洗涤,二氯甲烷萃取,收集有机相,干燥,旋蒸。将制得产物重新溶于50mL二氯甲烷中,再滴加1.5mL丙烯酰氯于65℃下搅拌反应2小时,反应结束后用氯化钠溶液洗涤,干燥,旋蒸,柱层析提纯,得到浅黄色油状产物A-TEG-Ad,产率为80%。
3)采用甲基丙烯酸酐化学改性天然高分子明胶,制备得到甲基丙烯酸酐化的明胶(GelMA),使其能够紫外条件下聚合。
4)将6gβ-CD-AOI2溶于8.8mL的去离子水中,然后加入1.35g的A-TEG-Ad(β-CD-AOI2/A-TEG-Ad=1.2)在室温下搅拌12小时,溶液逐渐变澄清透明,即得到主客体超分子。
5)将主客体超分子和GelMA按以下比例配制水凝胶预聚液,主客体超分子为9%(w/v),GelMA为12%(w/v),加入光引发剂为0.3%(w/v),装入圆形模具,在365nm波长的紫外灯中照射10分钟,即可得到固态的主客体超分子水凝胶。
图3显示的是主客体超分子浓度为9%(w/v)的主客体超分子水凝胶受到1kg砝码重量压力时的水凝胶状态图,水凝胶无明显变化,形状完整无损。
实施例3
本实施例所提供的主客体超分子水凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)氮气氛围中,将经过2次重结晶的5gβ-环糊精溶于25mL无水DMF中,将1.07g丙烯酸异氰基乙酯逐滴加至反应体系,加入25μL辛酸亚锡作为催化剂,在室温下充分搅拌反应4小时,然后用400mL冷丙酮将产物沉淀出来,将所得沉淀重新溶解在10mL水中,再用丙酮沉淀,重复2次,真空干燥即得到β-CD-AOI2,产率为85%。
2)将10g 1-溴代金刚烷和1mL的三乙胺溶于200mL四甘醇溶液中,在110℃下回流反应1天,分别采用稀盐酸溶液和去离子水洗涤,二氯甲烷萃取,收集有机相,干燥,旋蒸。将制得产物重新溶于50mL二氯甲烷中,再滴加1.5mL丙烯酰氯于65℃下搅拌反应2小时,反应结束后用氯化钠溶液洗涤,干燥,旋蒸,柱层析提纯,得到浅黄色油状产物A-TEG-Ad,产率为80%。
3)采用甲基丙烯酸酐化学改性天然高分子明胶,制备得到甲基丙烯酸酐化的明胶(GelMA),使其能够紫外条件下聚合。
4)将5gβ-CD-AOI2溶于8.8mL的去离子水中,然后加入1.35g的A-TEG-Ad(β-CD-AOI2/A-TEG-Ad=1.0)在室温下搅拌12小时,溶液逐渐变澄清透明,即得到主客体超分子。
5)将主客体超分子和GelMA按以下比例配制水凝胶预聚液,主客体超分子为15%(w/v),GelMA为15%(w/v),加入光引发剂为0.5%(w/v),装入圆形模具,在365nm波长的紫外灯中照射10分钟,即可得到固态的主客体超分子水凝胶。
以上所述之实施例子只为本发明之较佳实施例,并非以此限制本发明的实施范围,故凡依本发明之形状、原理所作的变化,均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种主客体超分子水凝胶,其特征在于:所述主客体超分子水凝胶由主客体超分子和甲基丙烯酸酐化的明胶在紫外光条件下引发自由基共聚制备而成,具有力学强度和生物相容性;所述主客体超分子水凝胶采用2-羟基-4-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮作为光引发剂,其中,水凝胶质量分数为明胶占10%~15%,主客体超分子占2%~15%,引发剂占0.1%~0.5%,其余为去离子水≥70%;所述主客体超分子由丙烯酸异氰基乙酯改性的β-环糊精和丙烯化的1-溴代金刚烷在水作为溶剂中通过主客体偶合作用制备而成,其中,所述β-环糊精和1-溴代金刚烷的摩尔质量比为:1.0~1.2;所述β-环糊精的丙烯酸异氰基乙酯的接枝率为1.5~2.5,即一个β-环糊精上有1.5~2.5个羟基与丙烯酸异氰基乙酯反应。
2.一种权利要求1所述主客体超分子水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)采用丙烯酸异氰基乙酯对β-环糊精进行化学改性使其接枝上双键,制备得到丙烯酸异氰基乙酯改性的β-环糊精;所述β-环糊精采用如下具体方法制备:在氮气氛围中,将重结晶的β-环糊精溶于无水N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺中,逐滴加入丙烯酸异氰基乙酯,以辛酸亚锡作为催化剂,在室温下充分搅拌反应3~5小时,然后用冷丙酮将产物沉淀出来,重新溶解在水中,再用丙酮沉淀,重复2~3次,真空干燥即得到产物β-环糊精;
2)采用四甘醇和丙烯酰氯分别化学修饰1-溴代金刚烷,使其接枝上一个双键,制备得到丙烯化的1-溴代金刚烷;所述1-溴代金刚烷采用如下具体方法制备:首先,将1-溴代金刚烷和三乙胺溶于四甘醇溶液中,在110℃下回流反应18~36小时,分别采用稀盐酸溶液和去离子水洗涤,再依次进行二氯甲烷萃取、收集有机相、干燥、旋蒸;将制得产物溶于二氯甲烷中,再滴加丙烯酰氯于65℃下搅拌反应2~3小时,反应结束后用氯化钠溶液洗涤,再依次进行干燥、旋蒸、柱层析提纯,得到浅黄色油状产物1-溴代金刚烷;
3)采用甲基丙烯酸酐化学改性天然高分子明胶,制备得到甲基丙烯酸酐化的明胶,使其能够紫外条件下聚合;所述明胶的甲基丙烯酸酐接枝率为75%~88%;
4)将上述制备的β-环糊精和1-溴代金刚烷按比例溶解在水中,充分搅拌使两者包合完全,即可得到主客体超分子;所述β-环糊精和1-溴代金刚烷的摩尔比为1.0~1.2,搅拌时长为8~24小时;
5)将主客体超分子和步骤3)制备的明胶按比例配制水凝胶预聚液,加入光引发剂,在365nm波长的紫外灯中照射5~20分钟,即可得到固态的主客体超分子水凝胶。
3.一种权利要求1所述主客体超分子水凝胶的应用,其特征在于:用于组织修复工程中的敷料或水凝胶支架材料。
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