CN107631269A - 具有后部照亮oled的车辆灯组件 - Google Patents

具有后部照亮oled的车辆灯组件 Download PDF

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CN107631269A
CN107631269A CN201710485643.3A CN201710485643A CN107631269A CN 107631269 A CN107631269 A CN 107631269A CN 201710485643 A CN201710485643 A CN 201710485643A CN 107631269 A CN107631269 A CN 107631269A
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oled
panel
lamp component
emitting diode
light emitting
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B·J·西尔瓦特卡
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/155—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/0029—Spatial arrangement
    • B60Q1/0041—Spatial arrangement of several lamps in relation to each other
    • B60Q1/0058—Stacked, i.e. one lamp located behind the other in the optical axis direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F21S41/148—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being perpendicular to the optical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/18—Combination of light sources of different types or shapes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/28—Cover glass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/321—Optical layout thereof the reflector being a surface of revolution or a planar surface, e.g. truncated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
    • F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S43/145—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/26—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S43/235 - F21S43/255
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/30—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/10—Protection of lighting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/003—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q2400/00—Special features or arrangements of exterior signal lamps for vehicles
    • B60Q2400/30—Daytime running lights [DRL], e.g. circuits or arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2103/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for signalling purposes
    • F21W2103/55—Daytime running lights [DRL]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21Y2115/15—Organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]

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Abstract

公开了灯组件、具有灯组件的机动车辆，以及构造灯组件的方法和使用灯组件的方法。公开的灯组件包括灯罩，该灯罩被配置成用于附接至机动车辆前端或后端车辆结构。透明透镜附接至灯罩。该灯组件还包括具有透射基底层的有机发光二极管(OLED)面板，该面板附接至该灯罩。响应于电信号产生光的电致发光层耦接至透射基底层。电致发光层被配置成用于选择性地发射出通过透镜的光。光源还被附接至该灯罩并被配置成用于发射通过OLED面板并通过透镜穿出去的光。

Description

具有后部照亮OLED的车辆灯组件
技术领域
本发明通常涉及用于机动车辆的灯组件。更具体地，本发明的方面涉及具有固态照明(SSL)元件的车辆前灯和尾灯，例如发光二极管(LEDs)、有机发光二极管(OLEDs)或聚合物发光二极管(PLEDs)。
背景技术
当前机动车辆产品，例如当代汽车，最初配备有发光系统，以为车辆操作员提供内部和外部照明。这种发光系统包括各式各样的灯组件，该灯组件被安装或以其它方式被整合至车辆的前部、侧部和后部。这些灯组件的目的是用于为驾驶员提供外部照明，例如，在低照度状况(例如夜间行驶)下操作车辆，以及用于增加车辆的醒目性。这种发光系统还可显示关于车辆的存在、位置、尺寸、行驶方向的信息，以及提供信号功能以指示操作员意于进行的车辆操纵。
大多数常规汽车配备有尾灯组件，该尾灯组件包括方向信号灯以传输驾驶员使车辆转弯的意向，以及后制动灯以指示车辆在减缓或停车。制动灯(通常配备有2的倍数且对称地位于车辆后部的左边缘和右边缘)为红色的、稳定点燃灯，其当驾驶员施加压力至制动踏板时被照明。一些汽车还配备有中央制动灯，与车辆传统的左侧和右侧制动灯相比，该中央制动灯被安装的更高。已知中央制动灯为中央高位停车灯，或“CHMSL”(发音chim-zul)。CHMSL意于提供减速通知至后方驾驶员，该后方驾驶员对车辆的常规停车灯的视觉由中间车辆阻断。
除了以上提及的制动灯组件之外，当前汽车产品还配备有前部安装的前灯。具有与后部安装的尾灯类似的布置，各自的前灯组件典型地安装在车辆的前左角落和前右角落处。前灯通常被设计成用于提供两种不同设置的向前照明：近光设置，其针对正常驾驶状况提供减小的眩光的足够的向前和侧向照明；以及远光设置，其提供强烈的、中心加强分布的光，其主要适合于并未呈现即将到来的驾驶员的驾驶场景。大多数前灯也配备有方向信号灯灯(更常已知为“转向信号灯”或通俗称为闪光灯)
前灯组件除了向前照明功能之外，可包括多个灯以提供各种特征。日间行驶灯，也已知为白天行驶灯(或简称为“DRL”)，被提供以增加车辆在白天状况下的醒目性。当车辆被转换成前行时，DRL自动地打开。这些灯可以为结合进车辆设计中的功能专用灯，或者可由例如近光或远光前灯来提供。类似地，夜间静止车辆至前部的醒目性由从前部位置灯发射的白光或琥珀色光来提供，更常已知为“停车灯”。
常规灯组件包括大量内部部分，例如各种支架、多个反射器、大量灯丝型灯泡、内部调节机构以及在某些情况下的投射灯。传统地，整个灯组件在整合进车辆之前预先被装配进保护性灯罩中。保护性外部透镜也有必要来将内部灯部件从外部碎屑、天气等类似隔离。这种现有的灯组件的复杂性增加了制造该组件的成本，这进而增加了汽车的成本。另外，操作某些传统灯组件所需的大量部件消耗了汽车的前饰板中的宝贵的封装空间。
发明内容
在此公开的为车辆灯组件，用于制造并使用车辆灯组件的方法，以及具有一个或多个灯组件的机动车辆。作为非限制性实例，改进的灯组件，其可具有前灯或尾灯的性质，实施一个或多个发光二极管(LEDs)或其它高强度高亮度光源，以使得从它们产生的光穿过在灯罩中设置的有机发光二极管(OLED)面板。通过调制高强度光源穿过OLED面板的光，从该OLED面板发射的光可被增补以增强该灯组件的整体流明输出。将高强度光源与OLED面板相结合的操作允许能够满足高亮度输出功能，且能够实现新型灯设计机会。作为另一示意性优势，公开的灯组件在维持期望的光输出的同时允许使用比较便宜的OLED面板(例如，30-50流明每瓦的SDTV)对高亮度OLED面板(例如，110-130流明每瓦)。由于能够从整个表面而非仅仅单个位置点发光，因此OLEDs与常规灯丝灯泡和其它单点光源相比可提供设计优势。
本发明的方面通常涉及用于机动车辆的车辆灯组件。例如，公开的车辆灯组件包括灯罩、透明或大体透明的透镜、OLED面板和光源，例如高强度LED。灯罩被配置成用于附接至机动车辆的前端或后端车辆结构(例如，位于前保险杠或后保险杠上方的灯井内)。该透镜附接至灯罩。OLED面板具有附接至灯罩的透射基底层，以及耦接至透射基底层的电致发光层。电致发光层被配置成用于发射通过透镜的光。还附接至灯罩的光源被配置成发射通过OLED面板的光，无论是有活性还是无活性，并通过透镜射出。
本发明的其它方面涉及具有灯组件的机动车辆。机动车辆可包括任何相关的平台，例如客运车辆(内燃机(ICE)、混合动力、电动等)、工业车辆、公共汽车、飞机等。在一个实例中，机动车辆包括具有前端和后端车辆结构的车体。具有灯罩的灯组件安装至车辆结构的前端或后端。透明/大体透明的透镜附接至灯罩，以在它们之间限定腔体。灯组件还包括具有透射基底层的OLED面板，该OLED面板安装在灯罩的腔体之内。电致发光层耦接至透射基底层，并被配置成用于发射通过透镜的光。此外，光源安装在灯罩的腔体之内。光源被配置成用于发射通过OLED的透射基底层的光，且通过透镜穿出灯组件。
根据本发明的其它方面，提供了制造灯组件的方法以及使用灯组件的方法。例如，公开了一种构造用于机动车辆的灯组件的方法。该方法包括：提供配置成用于附接至机动车辆的车辆结构的灯罩；将透明或大体透明的透镜附接至灯罩；将有机发光二极管(OLED)面板附接至灯罩，该OLED面板具有透射基底层和耦接至该透射基底层的电致发光层，该电致发光层被配置成用于发射通过透镜的光；以及，将光源附接至灯罩，该光源被配置成用于发射通过OLED面板并通过透镜穿出去的光。
以上发明内容并不意于代表本发明的每个实施例或每个方面。相反，前述发明内容仅仅提供在此阐述的新颖性方面和特征的一些的范例。从以下结合附图和所附权利要求对实现本发明的代表性实施例和模式的详细描述中，将很容易清楚本发明的上述特征和优点以及其它特征和优点。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的方面的、具有车辆灯组件的代表性机动车辆的一部分的前透视图。
图2为图1的代表性车辆灯组件的示意性侧视图，且OLED面板和LED光源以第一模式操作被示出。
图3为图1的代表性车辆灯组件的另一示意性侧视图，且OLED面板和LED光源以第二模式操作被示出。
本发明允许各种修改及替代形式，且一些代表性实施例已通过举例的方式显示在附图中，并将在此进行详细描述。然而，应当理解的是，本发明的发明性方面并不意于限制为所公开的特定形式。相反，本发明意在覆盖落在如由所附权利要求限制的本发型的精神和范围之内的所有改进、等价物、组合、子组合和替代物。
具体实施方式
本发明允许一些不同形式的实施例。这里有在附图中示出的并在此将详细描述的本发明的代表性实施例，且理解的是，本发明被示作为本发明的原理的范例且并不意于将本发明的宽泛方面限制为示出的实施例。就此而言，例如在摘要、发明内容和具体实施例中公开的，但未在权利要求中明确阐述的元件和限制不应通过暗示、参考或以其它方式被单个地或一起地引入权利要求。为了本详细描述，除非明确地放弃保护：单数形式包括复数形式，且反之亦然；词语“和”以及“或”应当为联合的和非联合的；词语“所有”意味着“任何和所有”；词语“任何”意味着“任何和所有”；以及词语“包含”和“包括”以及“具有”意味着“包括但不限于”。此外，逼近词语，例如“大约”、“几乎”、“大体上”、“近似”等类似词可在此使用为例如“处于、附近、或几近处于”，或“在3-5％之内”，或者“在可接受制造容差之内”，或它们任何的逻辑组合。
现在参考附图，其中，在贯穿几个视图中，相同的附图标记指代相同的附图；在图1中示出了根据本发明的方面的、通常标记10指代的代表性汽车的前视图。在汽车10的向前部分处、于汽车的前格栅14与前翼子板16之间安装车辆灯组件12。汽车10(在此也称作为“机动车辆”或简便地称为“车辆”)仅仅是示意性的应用，据此可实践本发明的发明性方面。同样地，将本构思实施为前灯组件也被理解为在此公开的发明性构思的示意性应用。由此，应当理解的是，本发明的发明性特征可被整合进其它车辆灯组件且可被用于任何类型的机动车辆。最后，在此呈现的附图不必依比例绘制且纯粹旨在指导性目的而被提供。因而，在附图中示出的具体和相对尺寸并不被理解为用于限制。
图1示出了汽车10的车体，其为了说明的目的可被分割成前车辆结构，该前车辆结构邻近于后车辆结构(在提供的视图中不可见)并在后车辆结构之前。在此，前车辆结构由前格栅14、翼子板16、前饰板18和可移动引擎罩组件20代表。前饰板18横向地跨越车辆10的最前端部分延伸，以覆盖并隐藏能量吸收保险杠结构(不可见)。前饰板18位于可移动引擎罩组件20前方，其跨越并覆盖汽车10的前方发动机室(不可见)。前饰板18与右手边前翼子板16相协作以限定前右轮井的周边轮廓，其通常由标记22指示。前饰板18还与前翼子板16和引擎罩组件20相协作以限定前右灯井，在图1中以标记24示出。字灯井24内封装有相应的车辆灯组件12(在图1中仅仅可见右手边组件，但在该特定实施例中还可呈现镜像、左手边对应物)。
转向图2和3，根据本发明的一个实施例示意性地示出了车辆灯组件12。灯组件12包括灯罩26，该灯罩具有安装至灯罩26的前端的透明或大体透明的保护性外部透镜28。可由液压成形的塑料材料制成的灯罩26被设计成配装在灯井24内。灯罩26包括多个附接件(例如，扣合紧固件、安装舌片、螺纹螺栓腔等)，灯组件24通过该附接件安装至车辆结构。外部透镜28(用作为外部环境的保护性屏障但仍允许光穿过组件)可由透明或半透明材料组成，例如聚碳酸酯或丙烯酸类。
通常标记为30的向前照明、远光/近光发光布置包封在灯罩26内。参考图2，灯组件24提供有有机发光二极管(OLED)面板32和光源34，可操作它们来产生并发射出光。可以理解，光源34可采用各种配置，例如卤素灯泡、气体放电光源或白炽灯。然而，在图2和3的实施例中，光源为发光二极管(LED)模块，以及在至少一些优选的配置中为高强度放电(HID)灯、高亮度激光器或高强度高亮度LED模块34。在至少一些配置中，高强度高亮度光源以约15-25流明每瓦每LED操作，和/或以约2500流明至约4800流明的总输出操作。通过对比，OLED面板32可为硬质玻璃OLED面板，例如玻璃印刷透明薄膜晶体管(TFT)屏幕；或者可以为柔性塑料OLED面板，例如柔性聚合物主动矩阵有机发光二极管(AMOLED)屏幕。如所示，OLED面板32为白光OLED面板或单色(例如，蓝光)OLED面板。针对至少一些实施例，OLED面板包括标准定义(SD)显示面板，其具有近似30-50流明每瓦的输出和/或约450流明至约800流明的总输出。可选地，OLED面板可为多色的。
根据图2的示出实例，有机电致发光(EL)材料的发光层(在此也被称作为“电致发光层”)31，例如发光聚合物，与邻近的半导体层(未示出)一起位于阴极与阳极(未示出)之间。有机EL材料发射电磁(“EM”)辐射，该电磁辐射具有可见光谱中的窄波长范围，以响应于电信号的应用。有机电致发光层31覆盖刚性或柔性透射基底33的表面。透射基底33可包括，例如以下的任意项：有机聚合物材料；聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(“PET”)；聚丙烯酸酯；聚碳酸酯；硅氧烷；环氧树脂；硅氧烷官能化的环氧树脂；聚脂；聚酰亚胺；聚醚砜；聚醚酰亚胺；聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(“PEN”)；或其它透明或半透明材料。为了获取白光，在一个特定实施例中，OLED面板32并入紧密布置的、发射蓝光、绿光和红光或者互补色光(例如，蓝色和黄色)的OLEDs；这些颜色的光被混合以产生白光。OLED面板32可具有约45％至约80％的光透射率。
可选扩散层35定位在OLED面板32的电致发光层31和透射基底33的前方，该扩散层可以具有衍射光学元件(DOE)的性质且其形状被设计成以指定空间配置和强度分布来发射单色光。如所示，颜色或偏振光学滤波器层37设置在电致发光层31与扩散层35之间。光发射电致发光层31可自己包括多个子层，每个子层包括不同的有机EL材料。在这点上，在不脱离本发明的意在范围的情况下，OLED面板32可包括附加层和/或其它常规特征。刚性边框38将OLED面板32安装至灯罩26。
车辆灯组件12被设计成以至少两种不同的操作模式起作用：第一“低强度”模式，其可被用于例如日间行驶灯(DRL)或尾灯功能；以及第二“高强度”模式，其可被用于例如近光、远光或停车功能。当处于低强度模式下时，在图2中示出，发光布置30发射出分布光，其提供充分的光以增加车辆的整体醒目性。当处于高强度模式下时，在图3中示出，发光布置30可提供“近光”功能，这发射出分布光，其提供用于正常车辆操作的充分的向前或侧向照明(例如，450-850流明)，同时限制光支出以控制对其它驾驶员的眩目。通过比较，高强度操作模式还可提供“远光”功能，这发射出中心加强的分布光，该光可提供增加的向前和侧向照明(例如，850-1500流明)，例如，用于低亮度和低可见性车辆操作。针对低强度模式，OLED面板32被启动，以使得电致发光层31在向前方向(在图2中向右)上发射出光，该光通过透镜28以提供必备的功能(DRL或尾灯)。在图2中并未启动光源34，且因而并未增补由OLED面板32发射出的光。比较而言，在图3中，光源34发射出光，该光通过OLED面板32的后部并通过透镜28穿出，因而增强了通过OLED面板32发射出的并通过透镜28的光，以提供必备的近光或远光或停车灯功能。
图2和3的光源34被封装，以使得它的光发射面从OLED面板32呈角度地偏置(例如，以近似90度的角度)，以用于以相对于OLED面板32的后面呈非垂直入射角来传输光。在灯罩26内安装的反射器36操作以反射或以其它方式重新定向由光源34发射出的通过OLED面板32的光。可选地，反射器36可从车辆灯组件12中省略，且OLED面板32位于光源(示意性地以34A示出)与灯透镜28之间，以使得光源34以相对于OLED面板32的后面呈垂直或几近垂直的入射角来传输光。在一些配置中，灯组件12可包括透镜阵列或其它光学装置以聚光，例如变折射率(GRIN)透镜阵列或SELFOC透镜阵列，或者可包括标准透明石英覆盖玻璃。
为了控制发光布置30的操作，控制器40被通信地耦接至OLED面板32和光源34。针对采用高强度LED模块的配置，基于期望的驱动策略和设计需求，光源34包括LED印刷电路板(PCB)42，且具有与其它部件一起安装至印刷电路板42的离散LED阵列44。为此，OLED面板32包括具有用于OLED灯的驱动和控制电路的OLED PCB 46。控制器40结合LED PCB 42和OLED PCB 44来在上述的低强度模式下操作OLED面板32和光源34，在该过程中，OLED面板32是活跃的且光源34是不活跃的；以及在高强度模式下操作OLED面板和光源，在该过程中，OLED面板32和光源34两者同时是活跃的。
尽管参考示出的实施例已经详细描述了本发明的方面，但本领域技术人员将认识到，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下可制作一些变化。本发明并不限制于在此公开的精确构造和组成；且从以上说明明显可见的任何和所有修改、变化和变体落在由所附权利要求限定的本公开的精神和范围之内。另外，本发明构思明确地包括前述元件和方面的任何和所有组合和子组合。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于具有车辆结构的机动车辆的车辆灯组件，所述灯组件包括：
灯罩，其配置成用于附接至所述车辆结构；
透明或大体透明的透镜，其附接至所述灯罩；
有机发光二极管(OLED)面板，其具有附接至所述灯罩的透射基底层和耦接至所述透射基底层的电致发光层，所述电致发光层被配置成用于发射通过所述透镜的光；以及
光源，其附接至所述灯罩并被配置成用于发射通过所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板并通过所述透镜穿出去的光。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆灯组件，还包括反射器，所述反射器附接至所述灯罩并被配置成用于反射由所述光源发射出的通过所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板的光。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆灯组件，还包括通信地耦接至所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板和所述光源的控制器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的车辆灯组件，其中，所述控制器被配置成用于以第一操作模式来操作所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板和所述光源，在该过程中，所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板是活跃的且所述光源是非活跃的；以及以第二操作模式来操作所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板和所述光源，在该过程中，所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板和所述光源两者同时是活跃的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆灯组件，其中，所述光源包括发光二极管(LED)模块。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车辆灯组件，其中，所述光源基本上由高强度高亮度发光二极管(LED)模块组成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的车辆灯组件，其中，所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板位于所述光源与所述透镜之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的车辆灯组件，还包括将所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板安装至所述灯罩的边框。
9.根据权利要求1所述的车辆灯组件，其中，所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板还包括扩散层和过滤层，所述过滤层设置在所述电致发光层与所述扩散层之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的车辆灯组件，其中，所述有机发光二极管(OLED)面板包括白光有机发光二极管(OLED)面板或单色有机发光二极管(OLED)面板。
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