CN107535267A - A kind of raw material planting of selenium-rich white tea and its processing method - Google Patents
A kind of raw material planting of selenium-rich white tea and its processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of preparation method and its implantation methods of the selenium-rich white tea that raw material is steeped with Ziyang great Ye, belong to plantation and the manufacture field of tealeaves, implantation methods are made that clear and definite description to variety selection, planting environment, method for planting, pruning method and pest control method.The steps such as the processing method of selenium-rich white tea is including withering, getting damp again, manage bar, drying.Made tea leaf implantation methods using Ziyang great Ye provided by the present invention, be effectively improved variety, Se content increases；Using tea Processing method provided by the present invention so that processed finished products are uniformly neat, it is not easy to broken.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tea planting and the technical field of processing.
Background technology
White tea, belong to micro- fermented tea, be traditional well-known tea of Chinese tea grower's initiative.One of Chinese six big teas.Refer to a kind of harvesting
Afterwards, without finishing or kneading, the tea of post-processing is only dried by solarization or slow fire.It is complete with profile bud milli, milli is draped over one's shoulders all over the body, and milli is fragrant
Clear fresh, soup look is yellowish green limpid, light time sweet quality characteristic of flavour.Belong to slight fermented tea, be the special treasure in Chinese teas
Product.Because its sample tea is mostly bud head, pekoe is completely draped over one's shoulders, such as silver is gained the name like snow.Major production areas in Fuding, Fujian Province, have stable political situation, Songxi, build
The ground such as sun, Yunnan Jing Gu.Basic technology includes withering, bakees (or drying in the shade), picks and pick, answer the processes such as fire.Yunnan white tea technique master
Sun withering is wanted, the advantage of sun withering tea is that mouthfeel keeps the original fragrant of tealeaves.
Selenium is the essential trace elements of the human body, and the high anti-oxidation effect of " selenium ", appropriate supplement, which can play, prevents organ aging
It is immune with lesion, anti-aging, enhancing, disease is resisted, resists toxic heavy metal, mitigates chemicotherapy side effect, cancer-resisting.
The important physiological function of human body is increasingly paid attention to by scientists from all over the world, various countries have all formulated selenium according to the national situation of itself
The recommended intake of nutrition.
Great Ye bubbles in Ziyang belong to one of Ziyang kind series, the sexual system's kind of this tea tree, shrub type, great Ye classes, early non-hibernating eggs.It is former
Produce Shaanxi Province Ziyang County.Tree performance half is opened a business, blade it is horizontal it is raw.Leaf ellipse, blade face protuberance, leaf color are green.Bud-leaf fine hair
It is more, 34.0 grams of three leaf hundred-bud weight of a bud.3.4 centimetres of corolla diameter, the valve of petal 8, ovary hairiness, style 3 split.Winter resistance is strong.Spring
Tea two leaves and a bud contains amino acid 4.1%, Tea Polyphenols 20.3%, caffeine 4.7%, catechin total amount 13.0%.Suitably in Shaanxi
Plant in tea area.Generally cook green tea.
The shortcomings that prior art is that varieties of plant is impure, and Se content is relatively low or unstable does not reach selenium-rich standard；It is most of
White tea processing finished product is generally more at random, the neat and well spaced poor outward appearance of degree is plain, easy disrepair phenomenon.Planting and processing ring simultaneously
Ensureing that tea fresh leaves Se content is up to standard in section needs a large amount of detection means, rational application of fertilizers technology, efficient selenium fertilizer the means such as to utilize.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of selenium-rich white tea with Ziyang great Ye bubbles for raw material.
The implantation methods of Ziyang great Ye bubbles include following steps：
(1) variety selection, the Ziyang great Ye bubbles that kind is pure are selected；
(2) planting environment, following condition must be met：First, hypo is in 400 meters to 800 meters, on the south Qinling Mountain_Huaihe River line, soil
PH value 4-6, water and fertilizer condition is good, without industrial pollution region；Second, soil Se content is more than or equal to 0.25mg/kg；
(3) transplant, single file bar carries, and it is 150-200cm that the single file bar, which carries Planting Row Distance, and clump is away from 30-40cm, every mu of plantation
1300-1400 clumps, 3 plants of tea trees of every clump of plantation；
(4) trim, plantation carries out sizing trimming then, keeps plant height 15-20cm；When first time young age sapling more than 80%
Highly reach 30cm, cut off major branch at 20-25cm from the ground, retain side shoot, trimming improves more than major branch clip every time thereafter
15-18cm trims side shoot concordantly, and the trimming time is early and middle ten dayses in March or the middle ten days and the last ten days in May；Adult tea place light pruning, annual one
It is secondary, 3-5 centimetres of tree crown top layer is cut off, after spring tea or autumn tea end is carried out, easily the middle high mountainous tea area of generation freeze injury, 3 before the tea of Yichuan
Carried out after the first tenday period of a month moon or spring tea；Tea place depth of growing up is trimmed, and forms a large amount of chicken feet branches for tree crown, tea tree germinating capacity weakens, production
The tea place that amount and quality are decreased obviously, cuts off 15-20 centimetres of tree crown, is carried out after spring tea；For the tea place that coverage rate is closeer, often
Year edge pruning must be carried out, keep tea in the ranks 20-25cm space；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, put prevention first, prevent and treat combination, the overall ecosystem from tea place, integrated use is various
Prophylactico-therapeutic measures, the use of agricultural chemicals is reduced, create the growth for being unfavorable for disease pest, keep Tea Garden Ecosystem and diversity of organism.
Described selenium-rich white tea making step includes：
(1) fresh leaf harvests, and it is usually the leaf of a bud one or two to select fresh and tender tealeaves of the growth cycle more than 18 days in planting process
Raw material above, and reached by Se content detection
0.25mg/kg~4.5mg/kg fresh leaf, pluck satisfactory bud-leaf and make raw material, must do so without in harvesting
Adopt dew bud, it is desirable to which bud head is stout and strong straight and upright, uniform in size, no bud hoof leaf, and full bud-leaf grows 5-8cm, is adopted with the gimmick for gently pinching lifting
Pluck, disabling nail, which is cut, to be adopted, and enters factory in time after fresh leaf harvesting, tender degree is strictly separated always by products material size, carries out mark respectively
Label record；
(2) wither, harvesting fresh leaf is spread in time with bamboo plaque, and thickness is uniform, can not stir, after stand is blue or green, according to weather conditions
With fresh leaf grade, flexibly withered from Indoor Natural, daylight withers or heating deterioration.When tealeaves is dry up to seven, eighty per cant, interior is certainly
So wither and daylight withers and all needs to carry out and sieve；
(3) get damp again, the leaf 20-25 cm thicks airing moisture regain after withering, promote blade face uniform moisture to ease back；
(4) manage bar, the leaf after uniformly easing back carry out manage bar by carding machine, take Multifunctional tea carding machine to be managed
Bar, single groove throw the control of leaf amount in 200g or so, and temperature control is gently pressed at 60-80 DEG C using 500g rods, and formation bar rope is more straight, directly
Vertical not curved, for leaf bud against forming strip feature, tealeaves reaches 8-9 into dry；
(5) dry, after tealeaves ninety percent is dry, machine roasting can be carried out, first with a slow speed, last 20 minutes, 3 centimetres of leaf-spreading thickness,
80-90 DEG C of temperature.It is quick with high temperature afterwards, 10-15 minutes are lasted, thickness is constant, 100-110 DEG C of temperature, is spread after going out machine,
Make moisture distribution uniform, then with lasting 20 minutes at a slow speed, 80-90 DEG C of temperature, complete to bakee operation；
(6) refine, the tea after drying carries out the technical matters such as impurity elimination, screening, assorted after one week, while is examined by Se content
Survey is assorted according to the product of similar tea difference Se content, specific assorted assorted according to assorted Main Tea Se content and quantity accounting,
Ensure that product selenium yield reaches 0.2mg/kg~4.0mg/kg, carry out product approval, and final products are detected with Se content, demarcation
And registration；
(7) technique such as packing and storing, the tea after refining is dispensed, cake of press, pressure brick is packed, and is stored close with ventilation
Close, at 0-15 DEG C, relative humidity controls in 60%-70% temperature control.
Further, the plant in implantation methods can use duplicate rows bar to plant, and it is 150- that the duplicate rows bar, which carries plantation wide row space,
200cm, small line-spacing 30-40cm, clump is away from 20-25cm, every mu of plantation 4000-4500 clump, 3 plants of tea trees of every clump of plantation.
Further, the disease pest branches and leaves after the trimming in implantation methods clear out of tea place, concentration burn with it is buried, other are good
Tea place is applied together with fertilizer after branches and leaves crushing.
Further, withered in selenium-rich white tea manufacturing process step, described wither naturally is typically withered using bamboo plaque sieve spreading for cooling
Wither, also have and withered using spreading for cooling on floor, fresh leaf withers spreading for cooling must be uniformly not overlapping, and it is left that every square metre of stand leaf amount grasps 500g
The right side, 3-5 centimetres of thickness, bamboo plaque is placed into progress nature on the cool green grass or young crops frame of ventilation and withered, must not be stirred, withering, it is small to last 30-40
When, withering degree is dry up to 8 ninety percent, tealeaves loss of weight about 80%, carries out and sieve to continue to wither, the high fresh leaf of moisture content can also be divided to two
Secondary progress, fifty percent it is dry when a two sieves and sieve, withering leaf moisture containing tissue is 13% or so, the temperature control that spring tea withers naturally
System is at 18-25 DEG C, and relative humidity is controlled in 60%-80%, and the temperature control that Summer-autumn tea withers naturally is relatively wet at 30-35 DEG C
Degree control is in 60%-80%；The daylight withers, using morning, dusk or solar radiation it is not strong under conditions of carry out, typically
Or so minute sunshine-duration 10-20, when there is low-grade fever sense at the tactile sieve curtain edge of hand, you can move it into interior and wither, sunshine number is then
Depending on withering degree, it is typically repeated two to four times, the sunshine processing of about 1-2 hours altogether when being.Sunshine-duration regards outdoor temp
Depending on degree, 10 minutes dehydration 5-8% of sunshine, 20 minutes dehydration 7-10% of sunshine, shine to fresh leaf and lose intrinsic gloss, slightly in softness
State can be transferred to interior, and before and after spring tea is grain rains early stage, fresh leaf yield is not prosperous, suitable using this Technical comparing, summer gas
Wen Gao, sunlight strong, it should not be withered with daylight；The heating deterioration, in the interior of withering of ventilation, heated with heating pipe, temperature
Degree control is at 30 DEG C or so, and highest does not exceed 32 DEG C, and minimum to be not less than 20 DEG C, relative humidity is maintained at 60-70%, general to add
Temperature withers total time control in 35-40 hours, and withering leaf spreads 10-15 centimetres of thickness, after 30-40 hours of withering, seven, eighty per cant
Four-in-one is carried out when dry and is sieved, the high withering leaf of water content at twice and can sieve, i.e. seventy percent dry doubling once, most probably it is dry again and one
It is secondary, wither until appropriateness can descend sieve.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Made tea leaf implantation methods using Ziyang great Ye provided by the present invention, effectively carried
High variety, Se content increase；Tea Processing method provided by the present invention is used simultaneously so that processed finished products are equal
It is neat and well spaced neat, it is not easy to broken.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
The implantation methods of Ziyang great Ye bubbles：
Planting environment, following condition must be met：First, hypo is at 400 meters to 800 meters, and on the south Qinling Mountain_Huaihe River line, P in soil H
Value 4-6, water and fertilizer condition is good, without industrial pollution region；Second, soil Se content is more than or equal to 0.25mg/kg；
Plant, single file bar carry, and it is 150cm that the single file bar, which carries Planting Row Distance, and clump plants 1400 clumps away from 30cm, every mu, often
Clump 3 plants of tea trees of plantation；
Trimming, plantation carry out sizing trimming then, keep plant height 15cm；When the level above of first time young age sapling 80% reaches
To 30cm, major branch is cut off at 20cm from the ground, retains side shoot, trimming improves 15cm by side shoot more than major branch clip every time thereafter
Trimming is concordant, and the trimming time is early and middle ten dayses in March or the middle ten days and the last ten days in May；Adult tea place light pruning, once a year, cuts off tree crown table
3 centimetres of layer, after spring tea or autumn tea end is carried out, easily the middle high mountainous tea area of generation freeze injury, and early March or spring tea are laggard before the tea of Yichuan
OK；Tea place depth of growing up is trimmed, and forms a large amount of chicken feet branches for tree crown, tea tree germinating capacity weakens, and yield and quality are decreased obviously
Tea place, cut off 15 centimetres of tree crown, carried out after spring tea；For the tea place that coverage rate is closeer, edge pruning must be carried out every year, is protected
Hold tea in the ranks 20cm space；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, put prevention first, prevent and treat combination, the overall ecosystem from tea place, integrated use is various to be prevented
Measure is controlled, reduces the use of agricultural chemicals, creates the growth for being unfavorable for disease pest, keeps Tea Garden Ecosystem and diversity of organism.
Embodiment 2：
The implantation methods of Ziyang great Ye bubbles：
Planting environment, following condition must be met：First, hypo is at 400 meters to 800 meters, and on the south Qinling Mountain_Huaihe River line, P in soil H
Value 4-6, water and fertilizer condition is good, without industrial pollution region；Second, soil Se content is more than or equal to 0.25mg/kg；
Plant, single file bar carry, and it is 180cm that the single file bar, which carries Planting Row Distance, and clump plants 1350 clumps away from 35cm, every mu, often
Clump 3 plants of tea trees of plantation；
Trimming, plantation carry out sizing trimming then, keep plant height 18cm；When the level above of first time young age sapling 80% reaches
To 30cm, major branch is cut off at 25cm from the ground, retains side shoot, trimming improves 15cm by side shoot more than major branch clip every time thereafter
Trimming is concordant, and the trimming time is early and middle ten dayses in March or the middle ten days and the last ten days in May；Adult tea place light pruning, once a year, cuts off tree crown table
3 centimetres of layer, after spring tea or autumn tea end is carried out, easily the middle high mountainous tea area of generation freeze injury, and early March or spring tea are laggard before the tea of Yichuan
OK；Tea place depth of growing up is trimmed, and forms a large amount of chicken feet branches for tree crown, tea tree germinating capacity weakens, and yield and quality are decreased obviously
Tea place, cut off 15 centimetres of tree crown, carried out after spring tea；For the tea place that coverage rate is closeer, edge pruning must be carried out every year, is protected
Hold tea in the ranks 20cm space；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, put prevention first, prevent and treat combination, the overall ecosystem from tea place, integrated use is various to be prevented
Measure is controlled, reduces the use of agricultural chemicals, creates the growth for being unfavorable for disease pest, keeps Tea Garden Ecosystem and diversity of organism.
Embodiment 3：
The implantation methods of Ziyang great Ye bubbles：
Planting environment, following condition must be met：First, hypo is at 400 meters to 800 meters, and on the south Qinling Mountain_Huaihe River line, P in soil H
Value 4-6, water and fertilizer condition is good, without industrial pollution region；Second, soil Se content is more than or equal to 0.25mg/kg；
Plant, single file bar carry, and it is 200cm that the single file bar, which carries Planting Row Distance, and clump plants 1400 clumps away from 40cm, every mu, often
Clump 3 plants of tea trees of plantation；
Trimming, plantation carry out sizing trimming then, keep plant height 18cm；When the level above of first time young age sapling 80% reaches
To 30cm, major branch is cut off at 25cm from the ground, retains side shoot, trimming improves 15cm by side shoot more than major branch clip every time thereafter
Trimming is concordant, and the trimming time is early and middle ten dayses in March or the middle ten days and the last ten days in May；Adult tea place light pruning, once a year, cuts off tree crown table
3 centimetres of layer, after spring tea or autumn tea end is carried out, easily the middle high mountainous tea area of generation freeze injury, and early March or spring tea are laggard before the tea of Yichuan
OK；Tea place depth of growing up is trimmed, and forms a large amount of chicken feet branches for tree crown, tea tree germinating capacity weakens, and yield and quality are decreased obviously
Tea place, cut off 15 centimetres of tree crown, carried out after spring tea；For the tea place that coverage rate is closeer, edge pruning must be carried out every year, is protected
Hold tea in the ranks 20cm space；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, put prevention first, prevent and treat combination, the overall ecosystem from tea place, integrated use is various to be prevented
Measure is controlled, reduces the use of agricultural chemicals, creates the growth for being unfavorable for disease pest, keeps Tea Garden Ecosystem and diversity of organism.
Embodiment 4：
The implantation methods of Ziyang great Ye bubbles：
Planting environment, following condition must be met：First, hypo is at 400 meters to 800 meters, and on the south Qinling Mountain_Huaihe River line, P in soil H
Value 4-6, water and fertilizer condition is good, without industrial pollution region；Second, soil Se content is more than or equal to 0.25mg/kg；
Plant, duplicate rows bar are planted, and it is 150-200cm that the duplicate rows bar, which carries plantation wide row space, and small line-spacing 30-40cm, clump is away from 20-
25cm, every mu of plantation 4000-4500 clump, 3 plants of tea trees of every clump of plantation；
Trimming, plantation carry out sizing trimming then, keep plant height 18cm；When the level above of first time young age sapling 80% reaches
To 30cm, major branch is cut off at 25cm from the ground, retains side shoot, trimming improves 15cm by side shoot more than major branch clip every time thereafter
Trimming is concordant, and the trimming time is early and middle ten dayses in March or the middle ten days and the last ten days in May；Adult tea place light pruning, once a year, cuts off tree crown table
3 centimetres of layer, after spring tea or autumn tea end is carried out, easily the middle high mountainous tea area of generation freeze injury, and early March or spring tea are laggard before the tea of Yichuan
OK；Tea place depth of growing up is trimmed, and forms a large amount of chicken feet branches for tree crown, tea tree germinating capacity weakens, and yield and quality are decreased obviously
Tea place, cut off 15 centimetres of tree crown, carried out after spring tea；For the tea place that coverage rate is closeer, edge pruning must be carried out every year, is protected
Hold tea in the ranks 20cm space；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, put prevention first, prevent and treat combination, the overall ecosystem from tea place, integrated use is various to be prevented
Measure is controlled, reduces the use of agricultural chemicals, creates the growth for being unfavorable for disease pest, keeps Tea Garden Ecosystem and diversity of organism.
Embodiment 5：
The making step of selenium-rich white tea：
Fresh leaf harvests, and it is usually more than the leaf of a bud one or two to select fresh and tender tealeaves of the growth cycle more than 18 days in planting process
Raw material, and by Se content detection up to 0.25mg/kg~4.5mg/kg fresh leaf, pluck satisfactory bud-leaf and make raw material,
It must do so without in harvesting and adopt dew bud, it is desirable to bud head is stout and strong straight and upright, uniform in size, no bud hoof leaf, and full bud-leaf grows 5-8cm,
Plucked with the gimmick for gently pinching lifting, disabling nail, which is cut, to be adopted, and enters factory in time after fresh leaf harvesting, tender degree is tight always by products material size
Lattice separate, and carry out label record respectively；
Wither, using withering naturally, withered using bamboo plaque sieve spreading for cooling, also have and withered using spreading for cooling on floor, fresh leaf is withered
Withering spreading for cooling must be uniformly not overlapping, and every square metre of stand leaf amount grasps 500g or so, 3-5 centimetres of thickness, bamboo plaque is placed into the cool of ventilation
Nature is carried out on blue or green frame to wither, and must not be stirred, be withered and last 30-40 hours, withering degree is dry up to 8 ninety percent, and tealeaves loss of weight is about
80%, carry out and sieve to continue to wither, the high fresh leaf of moisture content can also be carried out at twice, fifty percent it is dry when two sieve and one sieve, withering leaf
Moisture containing tissue is 13% or so, and at 18-25 DEG C, relative humidity controls in 60%- the temperature control that spring tea withers naturally
80%, the temperature control that Summer-autumn tea withers naturally is at 30-35 DEG C, and relative humidity control gets damp again in 60%-80%, after withering
The airing of leaf 20-25 cm thicks gets damp again, and promotes blade face uniform moisture to ease back；
Manage bar, leaf after uniformly easing back by carding machine carry out manage bar, take Multifunctional tea carding machine carry out manage bar,
Single groove throws the control of leaf amount in 200g or so, and temperature control is gently pressed at 60-80 DEG C using 500g rods, and formation bar rope is more straight, uprightly not
Curved, for leaf bud against forming strip feature, tealeaves reaches 8-9 into dry；
Drying, after tealeaves ninety percent is dry, can carry out machine roasting, first with a slow speed, last 20 minutes, 3 centimetres of leaf-spreading thickness, temperature
80-90℃.It is quick with high temperature afterwards, 10-15 minutes are lasted, thickness is constant, 100-110 DEG C of temperature, is spread after going out machine, makes water
It is evenly distributed, then with lasting 20 minutes at a slow speed, 80-90 DEG C of temperature, completes to bakee operation；
Refined, the tea after drying carries out the technical matters such as impurity elimination, screening, assorted after one week, while is detected by Se content
It is assorted according to the product of similar tea difference Se content, it is specific assorted assorted according to assorted Main Tea Se content and quantity accounting, protect
Card product selenium yield reaches 0.2mg/kg~4.0mg/kg, carries out product approval, and final products are detected Se content, demarcation and
Registration；
The technique such as packing and storing, the tea after refining is dispensed, cake of press, pressure brick is packed, and stores and ventilation is closed, temperature
At 0-15 DEG C, relative humidity is controlled in 60%-70% for degree control.
Embodiment 6：
The making step of selenium-rich white tea：
Fresh leaf harvests, and it is usually more than the leaf of a bud one or two to select fresh and tender tealeaves of the growth cycle more than 18 days in planting process
Raw material, and by Se content detection up to 0.25mg/kg~4.5mg/kg fresh leaf, pluck satisfactory bud-leaf and make raw material,
It must do so without in harvesting and adopt dew bud, it is desirable to bud head is stout and strong straight and upright, uniform in size, no bud hoof leaf, and full bud-leaf grows 5-8cm,
Plucked with the gimmick for gently pinching lifting, disabling nail, which is cut, to be adopted, and enters factory in time after fresh leaf harvesting, tender degree is tight always by products material size
Lattice separate, and carry out label record respectively；
Wither, using withering naturally, withered using bamboo plaque sieve spreading for cooling, also have and withered using spreading for cooling on floor, fresh leaf is withered
Withering spreading for cooling must be uniformly not overlapping, and every square metre of stand leaf amount grasps 500g or so, 3-5 centimetres of thickness, bamboo plaque is placed into the cool of ventilation
Nature is carried out on blue or green frame to wither, and must not be stirred, be withered and last 30-40 hours, withering degree is dry up to 8 ninety percent, and tealeaves loss of weight is about
80%, carry out and sieve to continue to wither, the high fresh leaf of moisture content can also be carried out at twice, fifty percent it is dry when two sieve and one sieve, withering leaf
Moisture containing tissue is 13% or so, and at 18-25 DEG C, relative humidity controls in 60%- the temperature control that spring tea withers naturally
80%, the temperature control that Summer-autumn tea withers naturally is at 30-35 DEG C, and relative humidity control gets damp again in 60%-80%, after withering
The airing of leaf 20-25 cm thicks gets damp again, and promotes blade face uniform moisture to ease back；
Manage bar, leaf after uniformly easing back by carding machine carry out manage bar, take Multifunctional tea carding machine carry out manage bar,
Single groove throws the control of leaf amount in 200g or so, and temperature control is gently pressed at 60-80 DEG C using 500g rods, and formation bar rope is more straight, uprightly not
Curved, for leaf bud against forming strip feature, tealeaves reaches 8-9 into dry；
Drying, after tealeaves ninety percent is dry, can carry out machine roasting, first with a slow speed, last 20 minutes, 3 centimetres of leaf-spreading thickness, temperature
80-90℃.It is quick with high temperature afterwards, 10-15 minutes are lasted, thickness is constant, 100-110 DEG C of temperature, is spread after going out machine, makes water
It is evenly distributed, then with lasting 20 minutes at a slow speed, 80-90 DEG C of temperature, completes to bakee operation；
Refined, the tea after drying carries out the technical matters such as impurity elimination, screening, assorted after one week, while is detected by Se content
It is assorted according to the product of similar tea difference Se content, it is specific assorted assorted according to assorted Main Tea Se content and quantity accounting, protect
Card product selenium yield reaches 0.2mg/kg~4.0mg/kg, carries out product approval, and final products are detected Se content, demarcation and
Registration；
The technique such as packing and storing, the tea after refining is dispensed, cake of press, pressure brick is packed, and stores and ventilation is closed, temperature
At 0-15 DEG C, relative humidity is controlled in 60%-70% for degree control.
Embodiment 7：
The making step of selenium-rich white tea：
Fresh leaf harvests, and it is usually more than the leaf of a bud one or two to select fresh and tender tealeaves of the growth cycle more than 18 days in planting process
Raw material, and by Se content detection up to 0.25mg/kg~4.5mg/kg fresh leaf, pluck satisfactory bud-leaf and make raw material,
It must do so without in harvesting and adopt dew bud, it is desirable to bud head is stout and strong straight and upright, uniform in size, no bud hoof leaf, and full bud-leaf grows 5-8cm,
Plucked with the gimmick for gently pinching lifting, disabling nail, which is cut, to be adopted, and enters factory in time after fresh leaf harvesting, tender degree is tight always by products material size
Lattice separate, and carry out label record respectively；
Wither, withered using daylight, using morning, dusk or solar radiation it is not strong under conditions of carry out, general sunshine
When or so minute time 10-20, hand touch sieve curtain edge and have low-grade fever sense, you can move it into interior and wither, sunshine number then basis
Depending on withering degree, it is typically repeated two to four times, the sunshine processing of about 1-2 hours altogether when being.Sunshine-duration regard outdoor temperature and
It is fixed, 10 minutes dehydration 5-8% of sunshine, 20 minutes dehydration 7-10% of sunshine, shine to fresh leaf and lose intrinsic gloss, slightly in soft condition
It can be transferred to interior, before and after spring tea is grain rains early stage, fresh leaf yield is not prosperous, suitable using this Technical comparing, and summer temperature is high,
Sunlight strong, it should not be withered with daylight；
Manage bar, leaf after uniformly easing back by carding machine carry out manage bar, take Multifunctional tea carding machine carry out manage bar,
Single groove throws the control of leaf amount in 200g or so, and temperature control is gently pressed at 60-80 DEG C using 500g rods, and formation bar rope is more straight, uprightly not
Curved, for leaf bud against forming strip feature, tealeaves reaches 8-9 into dry；
Drying, after tealeaves ninety percent is dry, can carry out machine roasting, first with a slow speed, last 20 minutes, 3 centimetres of leaf-spreading thickness, temperature
80-90℃.It is quick with high temperature afterwards, 10-15 minutes are lasted, thickness is constant, 100-110 DEG C of temperature, is spread after going out machine, makes water
It is evenly distributed, then with lasting 20 minutes at a slow speed, 80-90 DEG C of temperature, completes to bakee operation；
Refined, the tea after drying carries out the technical matters such as impurity elimination, screening, assorted after one week, while is detected by Se content
It is assorted according to the product of similar tea difference Se content, it is specific assorted assorted according to assorted Main Tea Se content and quantity accounting, protect
Card product selenium yield reaches 0.2mg/kg~4.0mg/kg, carries out product approval, and final products are detected Se content, demarcation and
Registration；
The technique such as packing and storing, the tea after refining is dispensed, cake of press, pressure brick is packed, and stores and ventilation is closed, temperature
At 0-15 DEG C, relative humidity is controlled in 60%-70% for degree control.
Embodiment 8：
The making step of selenium-rich white tea：
Fresh leaf harvests, and it is usually more than the leaf of a bud one or two to select fresh and tender tealeaves of the growth cycle more than 18 days in planting process
Raw material, and by Se content detection up to 0.25mg/kg~4.5mg/kg fresh leaf, pluck satisfactory bud-leaf and make raw material,
It must do so without in harvesting and adopt dew bud, it is desirable to bud head is stout and strong straight and upright, uniform in size, no bud hoof leaf, and full bud-leaf grows 5-8cm,
Plucked with the gimmick for gently pinching lifting, disabling nail, which is cut, to be adopted, and enters factory in time after fresh leaf harvesting, tender degree is tight always by products material size
Lattice separate, and carry out label record respectively；
Wither, using heating deterioration, in the interior of withering of ventilation, heated with heating pipe, temperature control at 30 DEG C or so,
Highest does not exceed 32 DEG C, and minimum to be not less than 20 DEG C, relative humidity is maintained at 60-70%, general heating deterioration total time control
In 35-40 hours, withering leaf spreads 10-15 centimetres of thickness, and after 30-40 hours of withering, four-in-one is carried out simultaneously when seven, eighty per cant is dry
Sieve, the high withering leaf of water content at twice and can sieve, i.e. seventy percent dry doubling once, most probably it is dry again and once, wither until appropriateness side
Sieve can be descended；
Manage bar, leaf after uniformly easing back by carding machine carry out manage bar, take Multifunctional tea carding machine carry out manage bar,
Single groove throws the control of leaf amount in 200g or so, and temperature control is gently pressed at 60-80 DEG C using 500g rods, and formation bar rope is more straight, uprightly not
Curved, for leaf bud against forming strip feature, tealeaves reaches 8-9 into dry；
Drying, after tealeaves ninety percent is dry, can carry out machine roasting, first with a slow speed, last 20 minutes, 3 centimetres of leaf-spreading thickness, temperature
80-90℃.It is quick with high temperature afterwards, 10-15 minutes are lasted, thickness is constant, 100-110 DEG C of temperature, is spread after going out machine, makes water
It is evenly distributed, then with lasting 20 minutes at a slow speed, 80-90 DEG C of temperature, completes to bakee operation；
Refined, the tea after drying carries out the technical matters such as impurity elimination, screening, assorted after one week, while is detected by Se content
It is assorted according to the product of similar tea difference Se content, it is specific assorted assorted according to assorted Main Tea Se content and quantity accounting, protect
Card product selenium yield reaches 0.2mg/kg~4.0mg/kg, carries out product approval, and final products are detected Se content, demarcation and
Registration；
The technique such as packing and storing, the tea after refining is dispensed, cake of press, pressure brick is packed, and stores and ventilation is closed, temperature
At 0-15 DEG C, relative humidity is controlled in 60%-70% for degree control.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
Member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement and supplement, and these are improved and supplement also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. selenium-rich white tea, it is characterised in that：The white tea is steeped for raw material with Ziyang great Ye.
- 2. selenium-rich white tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The implantation methods of the raw material Ziyang great Ye bubbles are such as Under：(1) variety selection, the Ziyang great Ye bubbles that kind is pure are selected；(2) planting environment, following condition must be met：First, hypo is at 400 meters to 800 meters, and on the south Qinling Mountain_Huaihe River line, P in soil H values 4-6, water and fertilizer condition is good, without industrial pollution region；Second, soil Se content is more than or equal to 0.25mg/kg；(3) transplant, single file bar carries, and it is 150-200cm that the single file bar, which carries Planting Row Distance, and clump is away from 30-40cm, every mu of plantation 1300-1400 clumps, 3 plants of tea trees of every clump of plantation；(4) trim, plantation carries out sizing trimming then, keeps plant height 15-20cm；When the level above of first time young age sapling 80% Reach 30cm, cut off major branch at 20-25cm from the ground, retain side shoot, trimming improves 15- more than major branch clip every time thereafter 18cm trims side shoot concordantly, and the trimming time is early and middle ten dayses in March or the middle ten days and the last ten days in May；Adult tea place light pruning, once a year, 3-5 centimetres of tree crown top layer is cut off, after spring tea or autumn tea end is carried out, easily the middle high mountainous tea area of generation freeze injury, March before the tea of Yichuan Carried out after the first tenday period of a month or spring tea；Tea place depth of growing up is trimmed, and forms a large amount of chicken feet branches for tree crown, tea tree germinating capacity weakens, yield The tea place being decreased obviously with quality, 15-20 centimetres of tree crown is cut off, carried out after spring tea；For the tea place that coverage rate is closeer, every year Edge pruning must be carried out, keeps tea in the ranks 20-25cm space；(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, put prevention first, prevent and treat combination, the overall ecosystem from tea place, the various preventing and treatings of integrated use Measure, the use of agricultural chemicals is reduced, create the growth for being unfavorable for disease pest, keep Tea Garden Ecosystem and diversity of organism.
- 3. selenium-rich white tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that making step includes：(1) fresh leaf harvests, and it is usually more than the leaf of a bud one or two to select fresh and tender tealeaves of the growth cycle more than 18 days in planting process Raw material, and by Se content detection up to 0.25mg/kg~4.5mg/kg fresh leaf, pluck satisfactory bud-leaf and make raw material, It must do so without in harvesting and adopt dew bud, it is desirable to bud head is stout and strong straight and upright, uniform in size, no bud hoof leaf, and full bud-leaf grows 5-8cm, Plucked with the gimmick for gently pinching lifting, disabling nail, which is cut, to be adopted, and enters factory in time after fresh leaf harvesting, tender degree is tight always by products material size Lattice separate, and carry out label record respectively；(2) wither, harvesting fresh leaf is spread in time with bamboo plaque, and thickness is uniform, can not stir, after stand is blue or green, according to weather conditions and fresh Leaf grade, flexibly withered from Indoor Natural, daylight withers or heating deterioration.When tealeaves is dry up to seven, eighty per cant, Indoor Natural withers Wither and daylight withers and all needs to carry out and sieve；(3) get damp again, the leaf 20-25 cm thicks airing moisture regain after withering, promote blade face uniform moisture to ease back；(4) manage bar, leaf after uniformly easing back by carding machine carry out manage bar, take Multifunctional tea carding machine carry out manage bar, Single groove throws the control of leaf amount in 200g or so, and temperature control is gently pressed at 60-80 DEG C using 500g rods, and formation bar rope is more straight, uprightly not Curved, for leaf bud against forming strip feature, tealeaves reaches 8-9 into dry；(5) dry, after tealeaves ninety percent is dry, machine roasting can be carried out, first with a slow speed, last 20 minutes, 3 centimetres of leaf-spreading thickness, temperature 80-90℃.It is quick with high temperature afterwards, 10-15 minutes are lasted, thickness is constant, 100-110 DEG C of temperature, is spread after going out machine, makes water It is evenly distributed, then with lasting 20 minutes at a slow speed, 80-90 DEG C of temperature, completes to bakee operation；(6) refine, the tea after drying carries out the technical matters such as impurity elimination, screening, assorted after one week, while detects root by Se content Product according to similar tea difference Se content is assorted, specific assorted assorted according to assorted Main Tea Se content and quantity accounting, ensures Product selenium yield reaches 0.2mg/kg~4.0mg/kg, carries out product approval, and detects Se content to final products, demarcates and step on Note；(7) technique such as packing and storing, the tea after refining is dispensed, cake of press, pressure brick is packed, and stores and ventilation is closed, temperature At 0-15 DEG C, relative humidity is controlled in 60%-70% for degree control.
- 4. implantation methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Tealeaves plant condition must is fulfilled for following condition：One Be hypo at 400 meters to 800 meters, on the south Qinling Mountain_Huaihe River line, P in soil H value 4-6, water and fertilizer condition is good, without industrial pollution region；Two It is that soil Se content is more than or equal to 0.25mg/kg.
- 5. implantation methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Disease pest branches and leaves after trimming clear out of tea place, concentrate Burn with it is buried, other good branches and leaves with fertilizer apply tea place together after crushing.
- 6. selenium-rich white tea according to claim 3, it is characterised in that withering in making step, it is described to wither naturally typically Withered using bamboo plaque sieve spreading for cooling, also have and withered using spreading for cooling on floor, fresh leaf withers spreading for cooling must be uniformly not overlapping, every square metre Spread out leaf amount and grasp 500g or so, 3-5 centimetres of thickness, bamboo plaque is placed into progress nature on the cool green grass or young crops frame of ventilation and withered, must not be stirred, Wither and last 30-40 hours, withering degree is dry up to 8 ninety percent, tealeaves loss of weight about 80%, carries out and sieve to continue to wither, and moisture content is high Fresh leaf can also carry out at twice, fifty percent it is dry when a two sieves and sieve, withering leaf moisture containing tissue 13% or so, spring tea oneself The temperature control so withered is at 18-25 DEG C, and relative humidity is controlled in 60%-80%, and the temperature control that Summer-autumn tea withers naturally exists 30-35 DEG C, relative humidity is controlled in 60%-80%；The daylight withers, not strong using morning, dusk or solar radiation Under the conditions of carry out, or so general sunshine-duration 10-20 minutes, when hand touches sieve curtain edge and has low-grade fever sense, you can move it into interior Wither, sunshine number then depending on withering degree, is typically repeated two to four times, the sunshine processing of about 1-2 hours altogether when being.Day According to the time depending on outdoor temperature, 10 minutes dehydration 5-8% of sunshine, 20 minutes dehydration 7-10% of sunshine, shine to fresh leaf and lose admittedly It is glossy, slightly it can be transferred to interior in soft condition, before and after spring tea is grain rains early stage, fresh leaf yield is not prosperous, using this technology Than convenient, summer temperature is high, sunlight strong, should not be withered with daylight；The heating deterioration, in the interior of withering of ventilation, use Heating pipe heats, and temperature control is at 30 DEG C or so, and highest does not exceed 32 DEG C, and minimum to be not less than 20 DEG C, relative humidity is kept In 60-70%, general heating deterioration total time control is in 35-40 hours, and withering leaf spreads 10-15 centimetres of thickness, and wither 30-40 After hour, seven, it is most probably dry when carry out four-in-one and sieve, the high withering leaf of water content at twice and can sieve, i.e. seventy percent dry doubling one It is secondary, most probably it is dry again and once, wither until appropriateness can descend sieve.
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| CN113749159A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-07 | 南平市建阳区畲乡生态茶业有限公司 | Purple bud small white tea and preparation method thereof |
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