CN1075330A - 生产无缝管的芯轴润滑剂 - Google Patents

生产无缝管的芯轴润滑剂 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1075330A
CN1075330A CN93101246A CN93101246A CN1075330A CN 1075330 A CN1075330 A CN 1075330A CN 93101246 A CN93101246 A CN 93101246A CN 93101246 A CN93101246 A CN 93101246A CN 1075330 A CN1075330 A CN 1075330A
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lubricant
mandrel
weight
polysaccharide
natural
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CN1034669C (zh
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克里斯蒂安·施奈德
雅克·佩里亚德
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Lonza AG
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Lonza AG
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明描写了在生产无缝管时所用的芯轴润滑 剂，它由石墨、绿土类的粘土矿物质、多糖和可选用的 表面活性剂组成，以水分散液的形式涂覆到经冷却浴 冷却的芯轴上。

Description

本发明涉及用于生产无缝管的芯棒（Dorn）润滑剂，特别涉及在轧制成型过程后经过冷却浴的芯棒上涂覆的芯轴润滑剂，从而为下一步轧制过程作好准备。
在现代的管件轧制加工例如在Kontirohr生产线（MPM-生产线）中，无缝管成型的主要步骤是在一芯轴上轧制已加热至1200℃-1300℃的熟铁。
轧制成型过程后，芯轴或者说是芯轴棒从辗压好的管坯上移开并进行冷却，使芯轴或者说是芯轴棒从约150-350℃冷却到约60-100℃，从而为下一步辗压过程作好准备。对经冷却浴冷却的芯轴或者说是芯轴棒的预加工还须要润滑，这对于保证轧制过程中使在芯轴棒上的熟铁的最佳“滑动”以及管的后期质量即管子内表面的特性是重要的。
通常是用含石墨的油来进行润滑，该油在与用炽热熟铁制成的芯轴接触时由于烧毁产生很浓的烟雾，其有毒成份导致对环境的危害。另外，轧制时熟铁中的该不可控制的烧毁损坏了芯轴上的润滑剂薄层，并可能损坏管的内表面。
在DE-PS    2450716，特别是实施例5中还推荐了应用实质上是由石墨和亚烷基聚合物组成的耐高温润滑剂。该润滑剂在轧制成型过程后直接涂覆到还未冷却的芯轴上，形成一层干燥的部份防水的润滑剂层，这样形成的芯轴随后进入冷却浴，不必随后再换新的润滑剂进入下一步轧制过程。但也指出，由于冷却浴和水的影响，在运输时芯轴的力学荷载经常会损坏润滑剂膜，从而再对管质量产生不利的影响。
经冷却浴处理后，芯轴的润滑在现代的轧钢机中进行，然后尝试与含石墨油的润滑相适应地来涂覆DE-PS    2450716配方的润滑剂。过程的条件是时间，即将润滑剂涂覆到60-100℃的热芯轴上到轧制过程间的时间被限制在最多5秒钟。
我们的对比实验（参见实施例）表明，DE-PS    2450716润滑剂形成干燥润滑膜的时间至少为15秒钟，这样，可观察到与所处理的由灼热熟铁构成的芯轴接触引起的结果与在用含石墨油处理芯轴时相同。另外，下面在轧制过程中受到加热分解的聚合成份也会损坏润滑膜，并因此最终损坏管的质量。
本发明的任务是提供一种润滑剂，它不具有所述的缺点，特别是给经冷却浴处理的芯轴提供一种快干、高质量的润滑膜。
利用权利要求1中所述的润滑剂来解决本发明的任务，它由下列成份组成：
a）60-95%重量的天然的或合成的石墨;
b）5-40%重量的一种或多种绿土类的粘土矿物质;
c）0.2-2%重量的多糖或它的衍生物;
d）0-5%重量的非离子型表面活性剂。
优选的芯轴润滑剂由下列成份组成：
a）75-90%重量的天然或合成石墨;
b）5-25%重量的一种或多种绿土类的粘土矿物质;
c）0.5-1%重量的多糖或它的衍生物;
d）0-2%重量的非离子型表面活性剂。
适当的天然石墨是高结晶度即微晶尺寸LC大于100nm的，并含最多为5%的灰份。
适当的合成石墨同样也是高结晶度的，LC大于100nm，纯度大于99.9%，所运用的石墨颗粒尺寸（d50）在5μm-30μm范围内变动。
优先应考虑使用合成的石墨。
加入绿土类的粘土矿物质作润滑剂的其它必要成份，该绿土实质上由层状氧化硅所组成，它标志着具有高阳离子交换能力和在水中可以膨胀的结构条件（《Ullamns    Encyklopadie    der    tech.Chemje》第4版，VCH，Weinheim，23卷第311页起）。
另外，绿土中最好加入具有3-50膨胀倍数（Vermogen）（1g蒙脱土放入蒸馏水）的蒙脱土，由于此所述的阳离子交换能力使蒙脱土可用无机或有机阳离子来“改性”。
所述的作为无机润滑剂组份的粘土矿物质具有优良的胶结性能，因此具有使聚合物或油不发生受热分解的优点。
此外，在润滑剂中所述的粘土矿物质对润滑剂膜在芯轴上令人惊异的快速干燥时间（1-5秒范围）是非常重要的。
也就是说，由于在润滑剂涂覆与辗压过程之间的时间（最大值5秒）很短，使在把芯轴插入熟铁前在芯轴上用本发明的润滑剂以同样的方式成功地形成一层干的均匀润滑膜。
本发明润滑剂的其它必要组份是多糖或它的衍生物，加入作为增稠剂。此润滑剂组份的作用是保证当温度在一宽温度范围上的润滑剂分散液的粘度保持恒定，以及保证能阻止在分散液中的固体组份沉淀下来。
按照本发明适用的多糖或它的衍生物生物多糖如黄原胶，鼠李糖胶或一种烷基纤维素衍生物比如羟基丙基甲基纤维素。
为保护增稠剂不受细菌侵袭，适当地加入商业上通用的杀生物的药剂。
为得到良好的润滑剂膜性质和影响润滑剂的粘度，适当地另外加入非离子型的表面活性剂。
非离子型的表面活性剂适当地这样加入，即象《Ullamns    Encycl.d.Techn.Chemie》VCH    Weinheim第4版，22卷，第489页所描写的，特别适用的该类代表是低聚氧代乙烯或用氧代丙基改性的氧代乙烯（Lit：loc.cit.第489页开始）。
本发明的润滑剂适当地以通常含20-40%重量固体的水分散液来运用，但该范围的上下波动也可以考虑。分散液的生产可在产生高切应力的商业通用分散设备中进行。
在芯轴上润滑剂的涂覆可用例如在冷却浴与轧制机之间设置的喷射环进行，在其中间把润滑剂用于芯轴棒。
通常涂覆量这样来控制，即在芯轴上每平方米用约40g润滑剂（不包括水）。
实施例1
配方1    （重量百分数）
合成石墨，类型T75    LONZA    86.8
可膨胀倍数为10-50的改性蒙脱土    11.2
甲基羟基丙基纤维素    1.9
100.0
用固体与水配成悬浮液含固量为    24.6
配方2    （重量百分数）
合成石墨，类型T75    LONZA    78.2
膨胀倍数为9-14的蒙脱土    20.0
ICI公司的表面活性剂    1.2
Synperonic    PE/F68
（氧代丙基改性氧代乙烯脂）
树胶    0.5
杀生物剂    0.1
100.0
配成水与固体的悬浮液，含固量    30.0
配方3    （重量百分数）
灰份含量4.5%的天然石墨    77.0
膨胀指数10-30的蒙脱土    3.0
膨胀指数3-5的蒙脱土    18.0
ICI公司的表面活性剂
Synperonic    PE/F68    1.2
（氧代丙基改性氧代乙烯脂）
Rhamsan树胶    0.7
杀生物剂    0.1
100.0
用固体含量30%悬浮于水中
配方4    （重量百分数）
合成石墨类型：LONZA    T75    90.9
膨胀倍数10-50的蒙脱土类型    7.0
ICI公司的表面活性剂
Synperonic    PE/F68    1.2
（氧代丙基改性氧代乙烯脂）
黄原胶    0.7
杀生物剂    0.2
100.0
配成水与含30%重量固体的悬浮液
对比配方，1    VF1（按照DE-PS    24    50    716）
实施例5
20%石墨
9.5%乙酸乙烯酯混和聚合物
1%多糖
69.5%水
对比配方2，VF    2（含石墨矿物油）
35%石墨
65%矿物油
干燥试验
把所述的分散液喷洒到100℃温度的试验芯轴上，测得干燥时间如下。
量[g/m2] 干燥时间[秒]
F1    36.8(150℃)    5.0
F2    26.0    2.0
F3    40.0    2.0
F4    25.0    0.5-1
VF1    40    15
VF2    浸浴热处理法    无干燥

Claims (10)

1、一种在生产无缝管时所适用的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于由下列成份组成：
a)60-95%重量的天然或合成石墨；
b)5-40%重量绿土类的一种或多种粘土矿物质；
c)0.2-2%重量的一种多糖或它的衍生物；
d)0-5%重量的非离子表面活性剂。
2、如权利要求1所述的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于由下列成份组成：
a）75-90%重量的天然或合成石墨;
b）5-25%重量绿土类的一种或多种粘土矿物质;
c）0.5-1%重量的多糖或它的衍生物;
d）0-2%重量的非离子表面活性剂。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于加入晶粒尺寸Lc大于100μm、灰份最大可为5%的天然石墨。
4、如权利要求1或2所述的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于，加入晶粒尺寸大于100μm、纯度大于或等于99.9%的合成石墨。
5、如权利要求1-4的任一项所述的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于，加入在水中膨胀倍数为3-50的蒙脱土作为绿土类的粘土矿物质。
6、如权利要求1-5的任一项所述的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于用生物多糖或烷基纤维素衍生物作为多糖原料。
7、如权利要求1-6的任一项所述的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于，加入氧代乙烯低聚物或用有氧代丙基改性的氧乙烯作非离子表面活性剂。
8、如权利要求1-7的任一项所述的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于润滑剂以水悬浮液形式存在。
9、如权利要求8所述的芯轴润滑剂，其特征在于水悬浮液含20-40%重量的固体。
10、一种用如权利要求1-9所述组成的润滑剂来生产无缝管的方法，其特征在于，芯轴在轧制成型过程后经过冷却浴后，再把润滑剂涂覆在心轴上，为下面进行的轧制成型过程作好准备。
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