CN107521037B - 结合有热塑性聚氨酯的具有内升高表面的托盘及其制造方法 - Google Patents

结合有热塑性聚氨酯的具有内升高表面的托盘及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN107521037B
CN107521037B CN201611235326.8A CN201611235326A CN107521037B CN 107521037 B CN107521037 B CN 107521037B CN 201611235326 A CN201611235326 A CN 201611235326A CN 107521037 B CN107521037 B CN 107521037B
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tray
insert
top surface
support structure
disposed
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CN107521037A (zh
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J·巴埃斯
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Cambro Manufacturing Co
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Cambro Manufacturing Co
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Abstract

本申请涉及结合有热塑性聚氨酯的具有内升高表面的托盘及其制造方法。托盘包括至少一种合成材料以及为托盘提供防滑顶表面的插入物。织构化浮雕优选由热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)制造,这能够实现将玻璃或其他物体放在托盘上而不会使得当托盘运动时物体发生滑动或滑落。当制造盘子时,使TPU与盘子的顶表面机械结合,同时在顶表面中限定了织构化浮雕。织构化浮雕为放在盘子上的物体提供充足的摩擦力,从而明显防止其发生横向移动。盘子还包括绕其顶表面布置的内支撑结构。内支撑结构提供面朝上的边缘,使得能够容易且高效地堆叠或套叠多个盘子。

Description

结合有热塑性聚氨酯的具有内升高表面的托盘及其制造方法
相关申请
本申请是根据35 USC 120于2016年5月12日提交的题为“Serving TrayIncorporating Thermoplastic Polyurethane and Methods for Manufacturing theSame(结合有热塑性聚氨酯的托盘及其制造方法)”的序列号为15/153,274的非临时专利申请的继续申请,其通过引用结合入本文。
背景
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料盘领域及其制造方法。
现有技术说明
长期以来,托盘被用于各种场所,包括自助餐厅、医院、宾馆、酒吧和餐厅。许多此类托盘包括塑料或塑料复合物,其包含聚酯树脂和其他各种聚乙烯。其他盘子可包括掺混入它们结构中的一层或多层玻璃纤维原丝垫,用于增加结构强度和耐用性。
目前使用的许多盘子包括织构化的朝向的表面,其有助于防止当移动或运输盘子时,放在盘子上的物体发生滑动或动来动去。通常来说,在盘子自身的顶表面上形成或者限定了织构化表面,并且其通常是一系列隆起物或突出物的形式,其与放在盘子上的物体的底表面发生相互作用。其他盘子完全不包括任何织构化表面,但是作为替代,包括由橡胶、软木或者其他合适材料制造的垫,然后将所述垫直接放到盘子上和/或粘附到盘子上。这样,织构化表面或者垫子起到帮助将放在盘子上的任何物体维持在固定位置上的作用。
虽然具有升高或者织构化表面的托盘帮助减少了放在盘子(例如,盘、玻璃和其他碟盘)上的物体发生滑动和/或破碎的情况,但是它们并非完全万无一失的,仍然会导致不必要的意外和成本增加。形成在玻璃的外表面上的冷凝物会向下流动到盘子的升高的织构化表面中,使得它们变滑,从而增加当移动盘子时,玻璃可能发生滑动或翻到的可能性。在重复暴露于水分之后,橡胶和软木插入层会随时间发生分解,这降低了盘子的整体耐用性和有效寿命,迫使用户丢弃盘子或者以较高的花费对盘子进行再整修。
需要一种包括织构化表面的托盘,其不具有现有技术的限制,并且能够以向上取向维持玻璃或者其他物体,而不用考虑冷凝或者其他环境因素。此外,需要多种制造方法从而生产此类盘子。
发明内容
本发明是一种托盘,其包括:顶表面,布置在顶表面的相反侧上的底表面,以及绕着顶表面布置的凸起边缘。盘子还包括绕着顶表面沿周界布置的内支撑结构。在凸起边缘中布置至少两个拉伸的唇缘,同时顶表面具有限定入其中的织构化浮雕(texturedrelief)。顶表面和底表面这两者都是由至少一种合成材料制造的,同时织构化浮雕是由插入物制造的,其与所述至少一种合成材料是整体结合的。
在一个实施方式中,具体地,与所述至少一种合成材料整体结合的盘子的插入物是由热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的片材制造的。
在另一个实施方式中,盘子的内支撑结构包括在其表面中的突出物,其提供了绕着盘子的顶表面的周界的面向上的边缘。
在另一个实施方式中,盘子的内支撑结构布置在凸起边缘上和高于顶表面。
在另一个实施方式中,盘子由数层合成层制造,其包括至少两层无规分布且连续的玻璃纤维丝片,具有化学粘合剂的至少两层相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片,以及聚碳酸酯树脂的间隙层。
在一个实施方式中,盘子还包括具有形状的光滑边界部分,其位于织构化表面和顶表面上的凸起边缘上的内支撑结构之间。
在另一个实施方式中,织构化浮雕包括数个升高的突出物和数个凹陷的压痕,其不对称地布置在顶表面上。
本发明还包括对在压模设备中摩擦增强的盘子的制造方法的改进。该方法包括:将插入物放在压模设备的下工具部分的顶部上,在插入物的顶部上层叠至少两层无规分布且连续的玻璃纤维丝片,以及然后,在插入物的顶部上层叠至少两层具有化学粘合剂的相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片。接着,在所述至少两层具有化学粘合剂的相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片之间布置聚碳酸酯树脂的间隙层。然后,将所述插入物、所述至少两层无规分布且连续的玻璃纤维丝片、所述至少两层具有化学粘合剂的相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片和所述聚碳酸酯树脂的间隙层压靠住压模设备的下工具部分,其还限定了摩擦增强的盘子中的内支撑结构。最后,在插入物内限定了织构化浮雕。
在一个实施方式中,在插入物内限定织构化浮雕的方法步骤包括:将布置在下工具部分上的化学蚀刻模具表面压印入插入物的表面中。
在另一个实施方式中,具体地,按压插入物和在摩擦增强的盘子中限定内支撑结构的方法步骤包括:在凸起边缘上限定高于插入物的内支撑结构,所述凸起边缘绕着插入物的周界布置。在凸起边缘上限定高于插入物的内支撑结构,所述凸起边缘绕着插入物的周界布置还包括沿着内支撑结构的长度限定突出物。
在另一个实施方式中,方法还包括:限定具有形状的光滑边界部分,其绕着限定在插入物中的织构化浮雕并且在内支撑结构下面布置。
在另一个实施方式中,具体地,将插入物放在压模设备的下工具部分的顶部上的方法步骤包括:将热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的片材放在压模设备的下工具部分的顶部上。
最后,在另一个实施方式中,在插入物内限定织构化浮雕的方法步骤包括:在插入物的表面中不对称地限定多个升高的突出物和多个凹陷的压痕。
本发明还包括对在注模设备中制造摩擦增强的盘子的方法的改进。该方法包括:将插入物放在注模设备的模具的第一半体上,通过使得模具的第二半体抵靠住模具的第一半体来包封住插入物,模具的第一和第二半体形成完整模具工具,然后将液体间隙树脂注入完整模具工具中。接着,在完整模具工具中,绕着插入物形成盘子。与此同时,在盘子中形成内支撑结构,同时在插入物的表面内限定了织构化浮雕。
在一个实施方式中,具体地,在插入物的表面内限定织构化浮雕的方法步骤包括:将布置在模具的第一半体上的模具表面压印入插入物的表面中。
在另一个实施方式中,在盘子中形成内支撑结构的方法步骤包括:在凸起边缘上形成高于插入物的内支撑结构,所述凸起边缘绕着插入物的周界布置。在凸起边缘上形成高于插入物的内支撑结构,所述凸起边缘绕着插入物的周界布置的这个实施方式还包括沿着内支撑结构的长度形成突出物。
在另一个实施方式中,方法还包括:限定具有形状的光滑边界部分,其绕着限定在插入物的表面中的织构化浮雕并且在内支撑结构下面布置。
在另一个实施方式中,具体地,将插入物放在注模设备的第一半体上的方法步骤包括:将热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的片材放在注模设备的模具的第一半体上。
虽然出于语法流畅性目的以功能性解释对设备和方法进行描述或者将要进行描述,但是应该清楚理解的是,除非根据35USC 112明确所述,否则权利要求书不应以任何方式理解为通过“装置”或“步骤”限制的构造来限制,而是根据权利要求书以等同的司法原则所提供的定义的含义和等价形式,以及在权利要求书根据35USC 112明确所述的情况下,则应该完全受到35USC 112的规定。进而通过如下附图可以更好地显现本文,其中相同元件使用相同附图标记。
附图说明
图1是本发明的托盘的透视图。
图2是图1所示托盘的俯视图。
图3是图1所示托盘的底视图。
图4的框图显示用于制造图1所示托盘的压模装置。
图5的框图显示用于制造图1所示托盘的注模装置的构造。
图6是图1所示托盘的侧面正视图。
图7A是图6所示托盘的横截面图。
图7B是图7A所示托盘的表面的放大横截面图。
图8是图1和6所示多个托盘当相互堆叠或套叠时的侧面正视图。
图9A是图8所示的多个堆叠或套叠托盘的横截面图。
图9B是图9A所示的多个托盘的堆叠或套叠表面的放大横截面图。
通过参见优选实施方式的如下详细描述,可以更好地理解本文及其各种实施方式,其呈现作为权利要求所限定的实施方式的例子。应理解的是,权利要求所限定的实施方式的范围可以比下文所述的示意性实施方式更宽。
优选实施方式
本发明包括制造的托盘,其可以参见图1-3,并且一般地指示为附图标记10。参见图1-3,盘子10是基本圆形形状,但是可以使用本领域已知的其他形状,例如矩形和正方形等,而不背离本发明的原始精神和范围。盘子10包括顶表面12,凸起边缘14沿周界围绕围绕所述顶表面12。凸起边缘14开始于顶表面12的外边缘,并且相对于基本水平或平坦的顶表面12呈角度布置。凸起边缘14还包括至少两个拉伸的唇缘16,其沿着直径横跨盘子10布置(diametrically disposed across the tray 10)。每个唇缘16表示凸出部分或者相比于凸起边缘14的余下部分的表面积增加的部分,如图2的自上而下视图最佳所示,其取向基本垂直于凸起边缘14的倾斜取向。盘子10还包括底表面18,如图3所示。底表面18还包括绕着底表面18的周界呈对称式样布置的多个底座20。当放在桌子或者其他水平表面上的时候,所述多个底座20帮助保持盘子10处于固定位置,这是本领域已知的。
如图2最佳所示,顶表面12是基本圆形或者圆形形状,而唇缘16帮助使得凸起边缘14的整体形状形成或者拉长为基本椭圆或者椭圆形状,从而产生盘子的椭圆或者椭圆形状的上轮廓和盘子的圆形形状的下轮廓。包含唇缘16的盘子10的椭圆形状的上轮廓使得当在其顶表面12上放置玻璃器皿以及其他物体时,用户能够容易地握紧和搬运盘子10,同时盘子10的圆形下轮廓能够使得多个盘子可以相互堆叠或套叠,而不用考虑相继的每个托盘10的相对取向。换言之,当第二个盘子放在第一个盘子10的顶部上的时候,第二个盘子的圆形下轮廓容易紧贴顶表面12的顶部并且位于第一个盘子10的凸起边缘14的界限内,而不用考虑唇缘16目前所处的方向。因而当盘子10未使用或者储存时,这能够实现多个盘子10的快速和有效相互堆叠。
盘子10还包括限定在顶表面12内的织构化浮雕22。织构化浮雕22优选包括多个或者一系列升高的隆起物或突出物以及对应的多个凹陷压痕或者凹地,其绕着顶表面12以不对称式样分布,但是也可以使用本领域已知或者以后发明的其他类似或者等价浮雕式样,而不会明显背离本发明的原始精神和范围。织构化浮雕22构造成急剧地增加顶表面12的摩擦系数,从而当在其上放置玻璃器皿或者其他物体时,物体会保持摩擦啮合,在顶表面上不发生移动,甚至当盘子10倾斜至相对于水平面具有高至且包括45度的角度时,也是如此。织构化浮雕22限定在基本上大部分的顶表面12上,但是如图2最佳所示,织构化浮雕22终止于距离凸起边缘14开始处的特定距离,从而留下绕着盘子10的周界布置的具有形状的光滑边界部分24,其位于浮雕部分22和凸起边缘14之间。
此外,如图1和2所示,盘子10还包括内支撑结构60。内支撑结构60是基本环形或者环形形状的突出物,其相对于凸起边缘14的表面是升高或者提升的。内支撑结构60沿着凸起边缘14的表面布置,并且高于顶表面12和光滑边界部分24。如图2最佳所示,内支撑结构60绕着盘子10的整个内周界布置。
盘子10的大部分优选包括塑料或者塑性复合物的连续层(如下文进一步详述),但是布置在顶表面12上或者位于顶表面12上的优选是插入物26,其包含至少一层热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。本领域已知的是,TPU是如下一类聚氨酯塑料中的部分,其具有高剪切强度和高弹性,使得其用于模制工艺是理想的。TPU对于液体、油和脂还具有高度抗性,从而还使得其适合用于常常要接触各种液体或油类的食品和饮料工业。当在盘子10上放置物体(例如,玻璃、杯子或者其他碟盘)时,所述盘子10包括插入物26,所述插入物26包括整体结合到顶表面12的TPU时,即使当盘子10相对于水平面倾斜成高至45度的角度时,物体仍然会笔直地位于盘子10上。因为TPU抵抗液体的能力,包含TPU顶表面的盘子10仍然会将物体保持在笔直位置,即使当物体是湿的、在物体上形成冷凝物或者在盘子10的顶表面12上溅出了液体的情况下依然如此。
内支撑结构60的更多细节可参见图7A和7B。内支撑结构60绕着盘子10的周界布置,高于顶表面12恒定的高度,并且沿着凸起边缘14的内表面。如图7B的放大图最佳所示,具体地,内支撑结构60包括突出物或凸块62,其为凸起边缘14提供局部化的厚度增加,从而产生绕着盘子10的托物区的内周界的面朝上的边缘或表面。
具有内支撑结构60对于套叠或堆叠多个盘子10的能力具有帮助,如图8、9A和9B所示。图8和9A显示当多个盘子10相互垂直堆叠时,每个后续的盘子10被放在直接置于其下方的盘子10内,具体来说,套叠盘子10的底表面18布置在由位于其下方的盘子10的凸起边缘14形成的包封周界内。图9B的放大横截面显示,当将待堆叠的盘子10的底表面18放入置于其下方的盘子10内的时候,其变成靠在内支撑结构60的顶部上。更具体来说,底表面18靠在突出物62的面朝上的表面上。由于绕着盘子10的周界布置了内支撑结构60,套叠在其中的任意后续盘子10会被维持在恒定的高度,其高于底部盘子10的顶表面12。每个后续套叠盘子10可以重复该过程,将每个盘子10的底表面18靠在直接置于其下方的盘子10的内支撑结构60上,从而形成如图8和9A所示的堆叠。当处于堆叠构造时,使得每个盘子10相对于其下方的盘子10维持在提升的高度能够实现多个盘子10容易地以稳定位置堆叠。此外,由于每个盘子10维持在固定的提升高度,每个盘子10的唇缘16也相对于彼此维持在固定的提升高度(如图9B所示),从而使得用户能够通过抓紧对应唇缘16和向上提起,容易且快速地抓紧单个盘子10。因而,本文的盘子10的内支撑结构60防止当多个盘子10处于堆叠构造时,发生楔入或者粘在一起。
在一个实施方式中,可根据湿压模工艺来制造盘子10。如图4所示,在该实施方式中,将包含TPU片的插入物26放在压制装置的下工具28上,大致如附图标记30所示。TPU片26优选包括65A至85D的硬度值和0.005-0.060英寸的整体厚度,但是也可以使用其他硬度值或者厚度值,而不明显背离权利要求的整体范围和精神。在TPU片26上放置第一子垫(surmat)或纤维玻璃纱32,之后放置第一切断丝垫(chopped strand mat)34。然后在第一切断丝垫34上均匀或对称分布一部分的液态聚酯树脂36。接着,在如今被树脂覆盖的第一切断丝垫34上放置第二切断丝垫34’。最后,在第二切断丝垫34’上层叠第二子垫或纤维玻璃纱32’,从而完成用于形成盘子10的完全成形的堆叠或夹层结构40。或者,可以将TPU片26直接放在下工具28上,同时在分开的位置形成包含第一和第二子垫32、32’、第一和第二切断丝垫34、34’和树脂36的夹层结构40。树脂36优选是间隙树脂,意味着树脂36能够在第一和第二切断丝垫34、34’之间限定的体积中流动并完全填充。然后可以将作为单个单元形成夹层结构40移到压制装置30,并放在TPU片26上。在盘10的所有层都放置到位之后,激活压制装置30,以及上工具38向下移动并将夹层结构40和TPU片26按压靠住下工具38,将层按压成具有下工具28和上工具38所示形状的形状。随着盘子10的层的压制,盘子的每一层被压到一起,在每个后续层之间形成机械结合,包括TPU片26,其变成盘10的结构的整体部分。与此同时,包括用于盘子12的顶表面12的化学蚀刻模具的下工具28将TPU片26按压进入TPU片26足够的深度,以充分形成织构化浮雕22,优选深度范围为0.002-0.025英寸。蚀刻进入下工具28的表面的模具构造成形成光滑部分24和支撑结构60。具有位于盘子10的顶表面12上的光滑部分24是至关重要的,因为这产生了位于支撑结构60和织构化浮雕22之间的缓冲区。发生泄漏或者由于压制工艺挤出的树脂36被下工具28的模具阻止,这防止了树脂36干扰织构化浮雕22的制造。如果在形成织构化浮雕22时,允许树脂36渗漏到顶表面12上,则树脂36会被压入TPU片26中,并且包括织构化浮雕22的各种隆起物、突出物、压痕和凹陷会被树脂36填充或覆盖,从而明显破坏所需的织构化浮雕22的摩擦曲线。一旦完成压制,从下工具28拉走上工具38,并且可以将现如今完全成形的盘子10举离下工具28,并从压制装置30取走。然后用户可以重复该过程并按需产生更多的盘子10。
第一和第二切断丝垫34、34’优选包括相互交叉的互锁玻璃纤维,其具有以片形式将玻璃纤维保持在一起的化学粘合剂。取决于玻璃纤维的密度,每个切断的丝垫34、34’可具有1.25、1.5、1.75或2盎司每平方英尺的重量。相反地,第一和第二子垫32、32’包括连续玻璃纤维丝,其是无规分布并且用特殊配方的树脂或粘合剂粘结在一起。第一和第二子垫32、32’使得树脂36到达盘子10的表面,并改善了盘子10的整体表面外观。每个子垫32、32优选具有7mm/2.6克每平方英尺至30mm/9.7克每平方英尺的厚度。切断丝垫34、34’和子垫32、32’这两者都分别包括胶料,其是硅烷偶联剂。胶料帮助在子垫32、32’的纤维玻璃丝与具有树脂36的切断丝垫34、34’之间形成必要的粘结,从而产生盘子10。
虽然上文将插入物26描述为包括TPU的片材,其用作添加到盘子10的组成的最顶层添加物,但是也可以使用类似材料或者额外材料,而不背离本发明的原始精神和范围。例如,插入物可以包括其他材料,例如橡胶、硅酮、涂覆有聚氨酯的纸、涂覆有聚氨酯的苯乙烯丙烯腈(SAN)片,或其组合。
类似地,虽然上文描述使用环氧树脂形成盘子10的主要组成,但是这仅仅是出于示意性目的。也可以使用除了上文所述之外的类似或额外物质而不背离本发明的原始精神和范围,例如,热固性基质树脂、乙烯基酯或者不饱和聚酯。更具体来说,所使用的不饱和的聚酯类型可包括但不限于双酚A富马酸酯、DCPD改性物质、阻燃剂、间苯二甲酸类、低VOC或非VOC、邻苯二甲酸类或对苯二甲酸类不饱和聚酯,或其组合。
在另一个实施方式中,可根据注模技术来制造盘子10。如图5所示,在该实施方式中,将TPU的片材26放在注模装置模具的第一半体42上,大致如附图标记50所示。然后通过使得模具的第二半体44靠住第一半体42,来闭合模具。与此同时,将塑料或者塑料复合球粒从料斗46传递到加热桶48中。桶48对塑料复合球粒进行加热,从包含塑料复合球粒的材料产生液体或间隙聚合物树脂,并通过喷嘴将树脂传递到模具。然后,树脂流入模具并绕着TPU片26形成盘子10,这是由模具自身的特定轮廓和形状确定的。类似于上文所述的下工具28,模具的第一半体42经化学蚀刻,从而在盘子12的顶表面12上形成织构化浮雕22。第一和第二半体42、44的总压力压入TPU片26中足够的深度,从而足以形成织构化浮雕22并将TPU片26结合到盘10的整体结构中。工具的第一半体42的蚀刻表面构造成形成如图2所示的光滑部分24和支撑结构60。一旦树脂充分填充模具,使模具冷却。然后通过从第一半体42拉开第二半体44,打开模具。然后将现如今完全成形的盘子10从模具弹出或者以其他方式取出,并且整个过程自身可以按需重复。
虽然上文将插入物26描述为包括TPU片,其用作添加物添加到模具之后将树脂注入模具中,但是也可以使用类似材料或者额外材料,而不背离本发明的原始精神和范围。例如,插入物26可以包括其他材料,例如橡胶、硅酮、涂覆有聚氨酯的纸、涂覆有聚氨酯的苯乙烯丙烯腈(SAN)片,或其组合。
类似地,虽然上文描述将塑料球粒加热产生聚合物树脂,将所述聚合物树脂注入模具以形成盘子10,但是这仅仅是出于示意性目的。也可以使用除了上文所述之外的类似或额外物质而不背离本发明的原始精神和范围。例如,还可以使用聚碳酸酯、共聚物、聚丙烯或者聚乙烯树脂。此外,还可以使用其他物质,例如尼龙、丙烯酸类后备物(acrylic backup)(ABU)、TPU,或其组合来形成盘子10,并产生基本相同的结果。
本领域技术人员可以获得许多改变形式和改进,而不背离本文实施方式的精神和范围。因此,必须理解的是,所示的实施方式仅仅是举例的目的,不应将实施方式限定为如下实施方式及其各种实施方式。
因此,必须理解的是,所示的实施方式仅仅是举例的目的,不应将实施方式限定为如下权利要求。例如,尽管如下权利要求的要素具有某种组合这一事实,但是必须明确地理解,实施方式包括更少、更大或不同元素的其他组合,即使最初没有要求此类组合,其也在上面公开了。要求保护的组合中组合两种元素的教导还被理解为还允许如下所要求保护的组合,其中两个元素不彼此组合,但是可以单独使用或者组合成其他组合。实施方式的任何公开的元素的切除被明确地预期在实施方式的范围内。
在本说明书中用于描述各种实施方式的词语不应仅理解为它们的通常定义的含义,而是包括在本说明书结构、材料中的特定定义,或者行为超出了通常定义的含义范围。因此,如果在本说明书的上下文中元素可以被理解为包括不止一种含义,则其在权利要求中的使用必须被理解为对由说明书和单词本身支持的所有可能的含义是通用的。
因此,以下权利要求的词语或元素的定义在本说明书中被定义为不仅包括字面上所阐述的元素的组合,而且还包括用于以基本相同的方式获得基本相同的结果执行基本上相同功能的所有等效结构、材料或动作。因此,在这个意义上,预期可以对下面权利要求中的任何一个元素进行两个或更多个元素的等效替换,或者权利要求中可以用单个元素替代两个或更多个元素。尽管元素在上文可能被描述为以某些组合起作用并且甚至最初也是如此被要求保护的,但是应当清楚地理解,来自所要求保护的组合的一个或多个元素在一些情况下可以从组合中被切除,并且所要求保护的组合可以被定向至子组合或子组合的变型。
由本领域技术人员现在已知或以后设计的所要求保护的主题的非实质性变化被明确地预期为等同地落在权利要求的范围内。因此,本领域技术人员现在或稍后知晓的明显替代被定义在所定义的元素范围内。
因此,权利要求被理解为包括上面具体示出和描述的内容,概念上等同的内容,可以明显替代的内容以及实质上包括实施方式的基本思想的内容。

Claims (13)

1.一种托盘,其包括:
顶表面;
布置在所述顶表面的相对侧上的底表面;
绕着所述顶表面布置的凸起边缘;
绕着所述顶表面沿周界布置的内支撑结构;
布置在所述凸起边缘内的至少两个拉伸的唇缘;以及
限定在所述顶表面内的织构化浮雕;
其中,所述顶表面和所述底表面包括至少一种合成材料,以及
其中,所述织构化浮雕包括与所述至少一种合成材料整体结合的插入物;
并且所述托盘包括多层合成层,所述多层合成层包括至少两层无规分布且连续的玻璃纤维丝片,具有化学粘合剂的至少两层相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片,以及聚碳酸酯树脂的间隙层;
所述至少两层无规分布且连续的玻璃纤维丝片叠于所述插入物的底部下层;
所述至少两层具有化学粘合剂的相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片叠于所述插入物的底部下层;
所述聚碳酸酯树脂的间隙层布置于所述至少两层具有化学粘合剂的相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于,与所述至少一种合成材料整体结合的所述插入物包括热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的片材。
3.如权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于,所述内支撑结构包括在其表面中的突出物,其提供了绕着所述顶表面的周界的面向上的边缘。
4.如权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于,所述内支撑结构布置在所述凸起边缘上并且高于所述顶表面。
5.如权利要求1所述的托盘,所述托盘还包括具有形状的光滑边界部分,其布置在所述织构化表面和所述顶表面上的所述凸起边缘上的所述内支撑结构之间。
6.如权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于,所述织构化浮雕包括不对称地布置在所述顶表面上的多个提升的突出物和多个凹陷压痕。
7.一种在压模设备中制造摩擦增强的盘子的改进方法,其包括:
将插入物放在所述压模设备的下工具部分的顶部上;
在所述插入物的顶部上层叠至少两层无规分布且连续的玻璃纤维丝片;
在所述插入物的顶部上层叠至少两层具有化学粘合剂的相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片;
在所述至少两层具有化学粘合剂的相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片之间布置聚碳酸酯树脂的间隙层;
将所述插入物、所述至少两层无规分布且连续的玻璃纤维丝片、所述至少两层具有化学粘合剂的相互交叉互锁玻璃纤维片和所述聚碳酸酯树脂的间隙层压靠住所述压模设备的所述下工具部分,并且在所述摩擦增强的盘子中限定内支撑结构;以及
在所述插入物内限定织构化浮雕。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述插入物内限定所述织构化浮雕包括:将布置在所述下工具部分上的化学蚀刻模具表面压印入所述插入物的表面中。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,按压所述插入物和在所述摩擦增强的盘子中限定内支撑结构包括:在凸起边缘上限定高于所述插入物的所述内支撑结构且所述凸起边缘绕着所述插入物的周界布置。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,在凸起边缘上限定高于所述插入物的所述内支撑结构且所述凸起边缘绕着所述插入物的周界布置包括:沿着所述内支撑结构的长度限定突出物。
11.如权利要求7所述的方法,所述方法还包括:限定具有形状的光滑边界部分,其绕着限定在所述插入物中的所述织构化浮雕并且在所述内支撑结构下面布置。
12.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,将所述插入物放在所述压模设备的下工具部分的顶部上包括:将热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的片材放在所述压模设备的所述下工具部分的顶部上。
13.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述插入物内限定织构化浮雕包括:在所述插入物的表面中不对称地限定多个升高的突出物和多个凹陷的压痕。
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EP3257407A1 (en) 2017-12-20

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