CN107509987B - 一种具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,包括样品罗非鱼的选择、样品罗非鱼皮肤处理、皮肤处理后护养、皮肤处理后护养等步骤。本发明通过去除罗非鱼原有皮肤,再剥取罗非鱼短期内新长出的具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮。具有制作方法简单,制成的鱼皮肤薄,无鳞囊,外形美观的优点。由于是在短期内重新生长出来的皮肤,其抗菌免疫因子、组织活性、柔软性均好于有鳞囊鱼皮。
Description
技术领域
本属于水产品加工利用技术领域,特别是涉及一种能够生产出表面光滑无鳞囊,具备组织学、生物活性的罗非鱼皮的制作方法。
背景技术
目前,罗非鱼皮的一般用于制作食品、提炼鱼皮胶和胶原蛋白。罗非鱼是天然的哺乳动物模式生物,在生理和药效方面应用较多。一般认为鱼皮具有抗病功能,可以降低感染,舒缓疼痛,如石膏一般对皮肤的创面起到固定作用。因此可用于人类皮肤烧伤、烫伤的表层植皮或创面修复。由于去鳞后的鱼皮露出网状鳞囊,这样的鱼皮比较厚,贴合性不好,鳞囊的存在表面也不美观,限制了在医学领域方面的应用。
发明内容
本发明目的是针对目前罗非鱼皮在医学领域中,鱼皮较厚贴合性不好,因鳞囊的存在外观不美的弊端,提供一种方法,可生产出贴合性好,外形美观无鳞囊的薄鱼皮的方法。
本发明为实现上述目的,采用如下技术方案:
一种具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,其特征在于包括下述步骤:
(1)样品罗非鱼的选择:选择2龄以上健康的尼罗罗非鱼暂养,在处理前3天停止投喂饵料;
(2)样品罗非鱼皮肤处理:操作前对样品鱼进行深度麻醉、消毒,刮掉鱼体侧面中央部分圆鳞鳞片,去除整块无鳞皮肤;对去皮后的部分擦拭消毒,然后复苏;
(3)皮肤处理后护养:处理后的样品鱼放入经过消毒处理水质清澈的水泥池中进行复苏;复苏第二天正常投喂,待去皮部分重新长出皮肤,可以进行无鳞囊皮肤的剥制;
(4)无鳞囊罗非鱼皮剥制:取重新长好皮肤的样品鱼,重新麻醉、消毒,取下整块无鳞囊皮肤;皮肤取下后,擦拭消毒,放入无菌容器内置入液氮中,长期保存。
优选的:所述步骤(1)中样品罗非鱼选择体重500-1000克,身体健康,体高背厚,无病无伤的尼罗罗非鱼;暂养池不间断充气保持水中有充足的溶氧。
所述步骤(2)中去除整块无鳞皮肤的具体步骤为,用解剖刀斜着划破无鳞皮肤的四周,不要伤及肌肉,然后一只手拿镊子夹着划开的皮肤边缘,一只手用解剖刀沿着介于肌肉上缘皮肤的下层的一层白色结缔组织层轻轻划动,直至去掉整块表皮。
样品罗非鱼皮肤处理工作环境和水温控制在25度,避免强光照射,保持通风和空气新鲜。
所述步骤(3)中水泥池中水温保持28度,保持池水充足的溶氧;投喂饲料蛋白质含量30%以上。
所述步骤(3)中皮肤处理后护养时间为2个月。
所述步骤(4)中无鳞囊罗非鱼皮剥制具体步骤为,用解剖刀刮破重长好皮肤的四周,然后一只手拿镊子夹着皮肤的边缘,一只手用解剖刀沿着介于肌肉上缘皮肤的下层的一层白色结缔组织层轻轻划动,直至取下整块无鳞囊皮肤。
本发明的有益效果:制作方法简单,制成的鱼皮肤薄,无鳞囊,外形美观。由于是在短期内重新生长出来的皮肤,其抗菌免疫因子、 组织活性、柔软性均好于有鳞囊鱼皮。
具体实施方式
一种具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,包括下述步骤:
样品罗非鱼的选择:选择2龄以上、体重500-1000克,身体健康,体高背厚,无病无伤的尼罗罗非鱼。在使用前暂养在水质良好的网箱内,期间不间断充气保持水中有充足的溶氧在8.0毫克/升以上,在处理前3天停止投喂饵料。
样品罗非鱼皮肤处理:工作环境和水温控制在25度左右,无强光照射,空气新鲜,通风良好。操作前用百万分之五的丁香油水溶液对样品鱼进行深度麻醉,使用的用具和器皿经过75%的乙醇消毒。取麻醉过的鱼平放在操作台上,用过消毒的半干纯棉毛巾擦干鱼体水分,用同样的毛巾包住鱼头,用解剖刀刮掉鱼体侧面中央部分圆鳞鳞片,接近背、腹部和头、尾部的保留。用解剖刀斜着划破无鳞皮肤的四周,不要伤及肌肉,然后一只手拿镊子夹着处理过后的皮肤边缘,一只手用解剖刀沿着介于肌肉上缘皮肤的下层的一层白色结缔组织层轻轻划动,直至去掉整块表皮并弃之不用。用蘸有75%的乙醇消毒棉球对去皮后的部分擦拭消毒,然后复苏。
皮肤处理后护养:处理后的样品鱼放入经过消毒处理水质清澈的水泥池中进行复苏。复苏后,增加水温缓慢上升至28度左右。护养期间,保持池水充足的溶氧,保持水温基本稳定,水温忽高忽低。复苏第二天正常投喂,饲料蛋白质含量在32%。每10天左右换水一次,保持水质清新。经过2个月左右时间的护养,去皮部分重新长出皮肤,该区域的皮肤光滑无鳞片,颜色接近人类较白色的皮肤,此时可以进行无鳞囊皮肤的剥制。
无鳞囊罗非鱼皮剥制:取重新长好皮肤的样品鱼,重新麻醉后,进行活体剥制鱼皮肤。取麻醉过的鱼平放在操作台上,用过消毒的半干纯棉毛巾擦干鱼体水分,用毛巾包住鱼头,用解剖刀刮破重长好皮肤的四周,然后一只手拿镊子夹着皮肤的边缘,一只手用解剖刀沿着介于肌肉上缘皮肤的下层的一层白色结缔组织层轻轻划动,直至取下整块无鳞囊皮肤。皮肤取下后,用75%的乙醇擦拭消毒,放入无菌容器内置入液氮中,长期保存。
Claims (7)
1.一种具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,其特征在于包括下述步骤:
(1)样品罗非鱼的选择:选择2龄以上健康的尼罗罗非鱼暂养,在处理前3天停止投喂饵料;
(2)样品罗非鱼皮肤处理:操作前对样品鱼进行深度麻醉、消毒,刮掉鱼体侧面中央部分圆鳞鳞片,去除整块无鳞皮肤;对去皮后的部分擦拭消毒,然后复苏;
(3)皮肤处理后护养:处理后的样品鱼放入经过消毒处理水质清澈的水泥池中进行复苏;复苏第二天正常投喂,待去皮部分重新长出皮肤,可以进行无鳞囊皮肤的剥制;
(4)无鳞囊罗非鱼皮剥制:取重新长好皮肤的样品鱼,重新麻醉、消毒,取下整块无鳞囊皮肤;皮肤取下后,擦拭消毒,放入无菌容器内置入液氮中,长期保存。
2.根据权利要求1所述具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中样品罗非鱼选择体重500-1000克,身体健康,体高背厚,无病无伤的尼罗罗非鱼;暂养池不间断充气保持水中有充足的溶氧。
3.根据权利要求1所述具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中去除整块无鳞皮肤的具体步骤为,用解剖刀斜着划破无鳞皮肤的四周,不要伤及肌肉,然后一只手拿镊子夹着划开的皮肤边缘,一只手用解剖刀沿着介于肌肉上缘皮肤的下层的一层白色结缔组织层轻轻划动,直至去掉整块表皮。
4.根据权利要求3所述具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,其特征在于:样品罗非鱼皮肤处理工作环境和水温控制在25度,避免强光照射,保持通风和空气新鲜。
5.根据权利要求1所述具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中水泥池中水温保持28度,保持池水充足的溶氧;投喂饲料蛋白质含量30%以上。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中皮肤处理后护养时间为2个月。
7.根据权利要求1所述具有生物活性无鳞囊罗非鱼皮的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中无鳞囊罗非鱼皮剥制具体步骤为,用解剖刀刮破重长好皮肤的四周,然后一只手拿镊子夹着皮肤的边缘,一只手用解剖刀沿着介于肌肉上缘皮肤的下层的一层白色结缔组织层轻轻划动,直至取下整块无鳞囊皮肤。
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CN101020086A (zh) * | 2007-03-14 | 2007-08-22 | 唐宝辉 | 一种医用生物皮的制备方法 |
WO2017035615A1 (pt) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-09 | Companhia Energética Do Ceará - Coelce | Processo de beneficiamento'da pele da tilápia e seu uso na cobertura de lesões cutâneas |
CN106962254A (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-07-21 | 广东海洋大学 | 一种基于标志效果定量优选的鲷科鱼类批量标志方法 |
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CN101020086A (zh) * | 2007-03-14 | 2007-08-22 | 唐宝辉 | 一种医用生物皮的制备方法 |
WO2017035615A1 (pt) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-09 | Companhia Energética Do Ceará - Coelce | Processo de beneficiamento'da pele da tilápia e seu uso na cobertura de lesões cutâneas |
CN106962254A (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-07-21 | 广东海洋大学 | 一种基于标志效果定量优选的鲷科鱼类批量标志方法 |
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Title |
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"鱼皮在烧伤创面治疗中的应用";徐国士等;《中华整形烧伤外科杂志》;19961015;第12卷(第5期);第354页 * |
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