CN107496978A - 一种双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107496978A CN107496978A CN201710923628.2A CN201710923628A CN107496978A CN 107496978 A CN107496978 A CN 107496978A CN 201710923628 A CN201710923628 A CN 201710923628A CN 107496978 A CN107496978 A CN 107496978A
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
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- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料及其制备方法，该可溶性水凝胶敷料由双组份水溶液在常温条件下固化得到，并可在特定溶解剂作用条件下溶解。该可溶性水凝胶敷料具有可塑性强、贴合性好，有效封闭伤口的优点；本发明的可溶性水凝胶敷料在适当的溶剂中可以溶解，更换十分方便，无需机械撕除，不会撕裂正在愈合的伤口造成二次伤害，减轻患者痛苦。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水凝胶敷料及其制备方法，具体涉及一种双组份型、具有可溶解性的水凝胶敷料及其制备方法。
背景技术
传统的伤口敷料是由天然植物纤维或动物毛类物质构成，如纱布、棉垫、羊毛、各类油纱布等，这类敷料只是暂时性的覆盖材料，都需在一定的时间内加以更换。然而，这些伤口敷料在更换时容易发生与伤口相互沾黏之情况，因此在撕除敷料的同时有可能一并撕开新生的上皮细胞或已逐渐愈合的伤口，导致使用者疼痛难耐，且相当不利于伤口之自然复原。
水凝胶医用敷料是近年来发展起来的一种新型创伤敷料，与目前临床上所用的传统的纱布敷料等相比，水凝胶敷料能够缩短伤口愈合的时间，减轻患者的疼痛，促进伤口更好的愈合，并且透气保湿，且透明可以观察伤口的愈合情况等优点，得到各国的普遍重视。
现有的创伤敷料，包括水凝胶敷料，大部分是固体形态，在使用过程中存在诸多问题，如与创面贴合不佳，伤口易感染，异形创面难处理，易造成二次伤害等固体形态敷料固有的缺陷。尤其对于烧伤较为严重的患者来说，在伤口护理时，仍需要进行敷料人工机械更换和清创，难免会造成新上皮组织的创伤，延迟愈合和患者痛苦。
由此可见能否发明出一种液体水凝胶敷料，不仅具有可塑性强、贴合性好，有效封闭伤口的优点，而且同时具有可溶解性，不易造成二次伤害，成为本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料及其制备方法，该水凝胶敷料具有可塑性强、贴合性好，有效封闭伤口的优点，而且具有可溶解性，不易造成二次伤害。
本发明的目的通过以下方式来完成：
一种双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料，包括质量比为1：（0.1~10）的a组分和b组分；其中，a组分为水溶性共聚物溶液，b组分为多氨基化合物溶液；所述的a组分水溶性共聚物溶液的质量百分浓度为0.5~98%；所述的b组分多氨基化合物溶液的质量百分浓度为0.5~100%。
所述a组分水溶性共聚物溶液由以下方法制备得到：将单体A，单体B和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，调节pH=4~9，然后加入引发剂进行聚合反应，得到水溶性共聚物溶液；
所述的单体A为一种水溶性可聚合的单体为丙烯酸类单体、N-乙烯基内酰胺类单体、2-丙烯酰氨基-2-甲基-1-丙烷磺酸、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、丙烯酰胺、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮类、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、聚乙二醇甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯的至少一种；所述的丙烯酸类单体包括丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸钠的至少一种；所述的N-乙烯基内酰胺类单体包括N-乙烯基乙酰胺和N-甲基-N-乙烯基乙酰胺的至少一种；所述的乙烯基吡咯烷酮类单体包括N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮；
所述的单体B的结构式为：
所述的引发剂为过硫酸铵和过硫酸钾的至少一种；所述的a组分水溶性共聚物溶液的质量百分浓度为0.5~98%；所述单体A和单体B的质量比为1：（0.01~10）；所述的引发剂加入量为单体A和单体B总质量的0.01~3%；所述的聚合反应温度为40~90℃，反应时间为2~15h。
其中，所述的单体B的制备方法为：将N-丙烯酰氧基琥珀酰亚胺、巯基乙酸、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、溶剂A按质量比为1：（0 .5~5）：（0 .03~1）：（1~5）混合，室温搅拌反应2~24h，得到混合物；然后，利用10%氯化钠溶液对混合物进行水洗，利用硫酸钠对水洗后有机层进行干燥，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物通过在乙醚中沉淀纯化，得到中间体(产率≥92%)；将中间体、N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺NHS、二环己基碳二亚胺DCC、溶剂A按质量比为1：（0 .5~5）：（0 .03~5）：（1~10）混合，在0~50℃条件下搅拌反应2~24h，过滤沉淀物，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物在乙醚中沉淀，得到单体B（产率≥90%）。其中，所述的双琥珀酰亚胺酯化合物、巯基乙酸、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、溶剂A的质量比为1：（0 .5~5）：（0 .03~1）：（1~5）；所述的溶剂A为二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷的至少一种。其制备过程如下所示。
所述b组分多氨基化合物溶液由以下方法制备得到：将多氨基化合物和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，得到多氨基化合物溶液；所述多氨基化合物为氨基化聚乙二醇、聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)、聚丙烯亚胺(PPI)、聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)、聚赖氨酸、壳聚糖、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、N-羟乙基乙二胺的至少一种；
所述的双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：把质量比为1：（0.1~10）的a组分和b组分混合，搅拌均匀，喷涂到物体表面，即得到常温固化的可溶性水凝胶敷料。
将固化之后的可溶性水凝胶敷料与溶解剂水溶液接触，可溶性水凝胶敷料由凝胶结构转变为可溶解状态；所述的溶解剂为半胱氨酸甲酯和半胱氨酸乙酯的至少一种；所述的溶解剂水溶液的质量百分浓度为0.1~98%；所述可溶性水凝胶敷料的厚度为0.01～10mm。
水凝胶在溶解剂作用下可实现溶解效果，其反应机理主要通过水凝胶化学结构中的硫酯键和溶解剂结构中的半光氨酸之间利用“自然化学连接”(native chemicalligation)的原理进行自发的反应，反应过程先后经历硫醇-硫酯交换、分子内SN酰基化重排等步骤（张琪, 于海珠, 石景. 脯氨酸硫酯自然化学连接反应中的轨道相互作用[J].物理化学学报, 2013, 29(11):2321-2331.），其反应过程如下所示：
自然化学连接（Native Chemical Ligation, NCL）原理示意
相对于现有技术，本发明具有如下优点和有益效果：
1. 本发明的双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料具有可塑性强、贴合性好，有效封闭伤口的优点；
2. 本发明的双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料在适当的溶剂中可以溶解，更换十分方便，无需机械撕除，不会撕裂正在愈合的伤口造成二次伤害，减轻患者痛苦。
附图说明
图1为实施例4水凝胶敷料溶解前后的状态图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例子对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
将100g N-丙烯酰氧基琥珀酰亚胺、300g巯基乙酸、10g N,N-二异丙基乙胺、500g二氯乙烷混合，室温搅拌反应24h，得到混合物；然后，利用10%氯化钠溶液对混合物进行水洗，利用硫酸钠对水洗后有机层进行干燥，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物通过在乙醚中沉淀纯化，得到中间体（产率=90%）；将100g中间体、200g N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺NHS、50g二环己基碳二亚胺DCC、300g二氯甲烷DCM混合，在30℃条件下搅拌反应24h，过滤沉淀物，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物在乙醚中沉淀，得到单体B（产率=90%）。
实施例2
将100g N-丙烯酰氧基琥珀酰亚胺、50g巯基乙酸、50g N,N-二异丙基乙胺、500g二氯乙烷混合，室温搅拌反应12h，得到混合物；然后，利用10%氯化钠溶液对混合物进行水洗，利用硫酸钠对水洗后有机层进行干燥，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物通过在乙醚中沉淀纯化，得到中间体（产率=92%）；将100g中间体、500g N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺NHS、500g二环己基碳二亚胺DCC、1000g二氯甲烷DCM混合，在0℃条件下搅拌反应24h，过滤沉淀物，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物在乙醚中沉淀，得到单体B（产率=91%）。
实施例3
将100g N-丙烯酰氧基琥珀酰亚胺、500g巯基乙酸、3gN,N-二异丙基乙胺、100g二氯甲烷混合，室温搅拌反应2~24h，得到混合物；然后，利用10%氯化钠溶液对混合物进行水洗，利用硫酸钠对水洗后有机层进行干燥，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物通过在乙醚中沉淀纯化，得到中间体（产率=95%）；将100g中间体、50gN-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺NHS、100g二环己基碳二亚胺DCC、500g二氯甲烷DCM混合，在50℃条件下搅拌反应2h，过滤沉淀物，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物在乙醚中沉淀，得到单体B（产率=96%）。
实施例4
（1）a组分水溶性共聚物溶液的制备
将80g聚乙二醇甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯（分子量2000Da）、20g甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，10g实施例1所制备的单体B和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，调节pH=6，然后加入过硫酸铵（过硫酸铵加入量为聚乙二醇甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯和单体B总质量的1%），在反应温度为80℃进行聚合反应，，反应时间为8h，得到水溶性共聚物溶液（50%）；
（2）b组分多氨基化合物溶液的制备
将聚赖氨酸和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，得到多氨基化合物溶液（50%）；
（3）可溶性水凝胶敷料的使用
将把20g a组分和20g b组分混合，搅拌均匀，喷涂到物体表面，得到常温固化、厚度为2mm的可溶性水凝胶敷料。
将固化之后的可溶性水凝胶敷料与半胱氨酸甲酯水溶液（20%）接触，可溶性水凝胶敷料由凝胶结构转变为可溶解状态。
为更好演示水凝胶敷料溶解前后的状态，将2g a组分和2g b组分混合装入玻璃瓶内发生交联反应，在瓶内形成固定形状的水凝胶层；往瓶内水凝胶层加入1g半胱氨酸甲酯水溶液(浓度为10%)，水凝胶层溶解，呈现出可流动状态。水凝胶状态的前后变化，如附图1所示。
实施例5
（1）a组分水溶性共聚物溶液的制备
将100g 2-丙烯酰氨基-2-甲基-1-丙烷磺酸，10g实施例1所制备的单体B和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，调节pH=8，然后加入过硫酸铵（过硫酸铵加入量为2-丙烯酰氨基-2-甲基-1-丙烷磺酸和单体B总质量的3%），在反应温度为40℃进行聚合反应，反应时间为15h，得到水溶性共聚物溶液（20%）；
（2）b组分多氨基化合物溶液的制备
将二乙烯三胺和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，得到多氨基化合物溶液（80%）；
（3）可溶性水凝胶敷料的使用
将把80g a组分和20g b组分混合，搅拌均匀，喷涂到物体表面，得到常温固化、厚度为10mm的可溶性水凝胶敷料。
将固化之后的可溶性水凝胶敷料与半胱氨酸乙酯水溶液（60%）接触，可溶性水凝胶敷料由凝胶结构转变为可溶解状态。
实施例6
（1）a组分水溶性共聚物溶液的制备
将100g丙烯酰胺，1000g实施例2所制备的单体B和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，调节pH=4，然后加入过硫酸铵（过硫酸铵加入量为丙烯酰胺和单体B总质量的0.01%），在反应温度为90℃进行聚合反应，，反应时间为3h，得到水溶性共聚物溶液（40%）；
（2）b组分多氨基化合物溶液的制备
将N-羟乙基乙二胺和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，得到多氨基化合物溶液（0.5%）；
（3）可溶性水凝胶敷料的使用
将10g a组分和800g b组分混合，搅拌均匀，喷涂到物体表面，得到常温固化、厚度为0.01mm的可溶性水凝胶敷料。
将固化之后的可溶性水凝胶敷料与半胱氨酸乙酯水溶液（0.2%）接触，可溶性水凝胶敷料由凝胶结构转变为可溶解状态。
实施例7
（1）a组分水溶性共聚物溶液的制备
将100g N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮，20g实施例2所制备的单体B和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，调节pH=9，然后加入过硫酸钾（过硫酸钾加入量为N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和单体B总质量的1%），在反应温度为80℃进行聚合反应，，反应时间为2h，得到水溶性共聚物溶液（30%）；
（2）b组分多氨基化合物溶液的制备
将氨基化聚乙二醇（分子量1000Da）和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，得到多氨基化合物溶液（70%）；
（3）可溶性水凝胶敷料的使用
将70g a组分和30g b组分混合，搅拌均匀，喷涂到物体表面，得到常温固化、厚度为5mm的可溶性水凝胶敷料。
将固化之后的可溶性水凝胶敷料与半胱氨酸甲酯水溶液（90%）接触，可溶性水凝胶敷料由凝胶结构转变为可溶解状态。
Claims (4)
1.一种双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料，其特征在于：包括质量比为1：（0.1~10）的a组分和b组分；其中，a组分为水溶性共聚物溶液，b组分为多氨基化合物溶液；
所述的a组分水溶性共聚物溶液的质量百分浓度为0.5~98%；
所述的b组分多氨基化合物溶液的质量百分浓度为0.5~100%；
所述a组分水溶性共聚物溶液由以下方法制备得到：将单体A，单体B和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，调节pH=4~9，然后加入引发剂进行聚合反应，得到水溶性共聚物溶液；
所述的单体A为一种水溶性可聚合的单体为丙烯酸类单体、N-乙烯基内酰胺类单体、2-丙烯酰氨基-2-甲基-1-丙烷磺酸、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、丙烯酰胺、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮类、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、聚乙二醇甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯的至少一种；
所述的单体B的结构式为：
所述的引发剂为过硫酸铵和过硫酸钾的至少一种；
所述单体A和单体B的质量比为1：（0.01~10）；
所述的引发剂加入量为单体A和单体B总质量的0.01~3%；
所述的聚合反应温度为40~90℃，反应时间为2~15h；
所述b组分多氨基化合物溶液由以下方法制备得到：将多氨基化合物和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，得到多氨基化合物溶液；
所述多氨基化合物为氨基化聚乙二醇、聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)、聚丙烯亚胺(PPI)、聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)、聚赖氨酸、壳聚糖、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、N-羟乙基乙二胺的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料，其特征在于：所述的单体B由以下方法制备得到：
将N-丙烯酰氧基琥珀酰亚胺、巯基乙酸、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、溶剂A按质量比为1：（0 .5~5）：（0 .03~1）：（1~5）混合，室温搅拌反应2~24h，得到混合物；然后，利用10%氯化钠溶液对混合物进行水洗，利用硫酸钠对水洗后有机层进行干燥，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物通过在乙醚中沉淀纯化，得到中间体；将中间体、N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺NHS、二环己基碳二亚胺DCC、溶剂A按质量比为1：（0 .5~5）：（0 .03~5）：（1~10）混合，在0~50℃条件下搅拌反应2~24h，过滤沉淀物，蒸发溶剂，并将残余物在乙醚中沉淀，得到单体B；
所述的溶剂A为二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料，其特征在于：
所述的丙烯酸类单体包括丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸钠的至少一种；
所述的N-乙烯基内酰胺类单体包括N-乙烯基乙酰胺和N-甲基-N-乙烯基乙酰胺的至少一种；
所述的乙烯基吡咯烷酮类单体包括N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮；
根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：把质量比为1：（0.1~10）的a组分和b组分混合，搅拌均匀，喷涂到物体表面，得到常温固化的可溶性水凝胶敷料。
4.根据权利要求1～4所述的双组份可溶性水凝胶敷料的使用方法，其特征在于：
将固化之后的可溶性水凝胶敷料与溶解剂水溶液接触，可溶性水凝胶敷料由凝胶结构转变为溶解状态；
所述的溶解剂为半胱氨酸甲酯和半胱氨酸乙酯的至少一种；
所述的溶解剂水溶液的质量百分浓度为0.1~98%；
所述可溶性水凝胶敷料的厚度为0.01～10mm。
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| CN108404202A (zh) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-17 | 泰州市榕兴医疗用品股份有限公司 | 一种含蜂蜜的水凝胶敷料的制备方法 |
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| CN112437782A (zh) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-03-02 | 昭和电工株式会社 | 用于非水系电池电极用粘合剂的共聚物及用于制造非水系电池电极的浆料 |
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