CN107494257B - A method of increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate - Google Patents
A method of increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107494257B CN107494257B CN201710986625.3A CN201710986625A CN107494257B CN 107494257 B CN107494257 B CN 107494257B CN 201710986625 A CN201710986625 A CN 201710986625A CN 107494257 B CN107494257 B CN 107494257B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
Abstract
The invention belongs to oil tea planting technology fields, specifically disclose a kind of method for increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate, include the following steps: that (1) is pollinated using hand-pollination device, hand-pollination device includes air bag, takes powder section and pollination section, take powder section for taking male pollen from male flower, pollination section is for contacting the male pollen of acquirement with female pollen, and air bag is takes powder and pollination to provide power；(2) tea oil tree is managed after pollinating.Pollination success rate can increase using the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil tea planting technology fields, and in particular to a method of increase oil tea fruit-setting rate.
Background technique
Oil tea category Theaceae is evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, is the important woody edible oil material tree species of south China.
The low status with deficiency in economic performance of tea-oil tree yield seriously hinders the development of China's camellia oleiferaindustry at present, and causes it
One principal element of low output is that oil tea shedding is serious, i.e., fruit-setting rate is low, therefore, it is non-to tea-oil tree yield is improved to improve fruit-setting rate
It is often important.
A low main cause of oil tea fruit-setting rate is that the spontaneous pollination rate of oil tea is lower, it will usually the flowers are in blossom for appearance much,
As a result very few situation.In order to improve pollination rate, the dedicated bee of pollination or scoliid are cultivated to pollinate, but effect is not
It is good.
Summary of the invention
Increase the method for oil tea fruit-setting rate by effectively improving pollination success rate the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate, includes the following steps:
(1) it is pollinated using hand-pollination device, hand-pollination device includes air bag, takes powder section and pollination section, takes powder
Section is connected to pollination section；It takes powder section one end to be connected to air bag, the powder section other end is taken to be communicated with powder inlet pipe, take powder section to be equipped with and take powder
Switch；Pollination section one end is connected to air bag, and the pollination section other end is communicated with flour extraction pipe, and pollination section is equipped with pollination switch；Into powder
Male flower fixed mechanism is equipped at pipe, male flower fixed mechanism includes being fixed on the male flower pallet taken in powder section, and male flower pallet is circumferentially cut with scissors
It is connected to the first gripper, is connected with spring between the first gripper and male flower pallet；Female flower fixed mechanism is equipped at flour extraction pipe, female flower is fixed
Mechanism includes the female flower pallet being fixed in pollination section, and female flower pallet is circumferentially hinged with the second gripper, the second gripper and female holder
Also spring is connected between disk；It takes the side in powder section far from air bag to be equipped with check valve, is provided with filter hole on check valve, in filter hole
Equipped with the first ventilated membrane；Powder adjusting rod is slidably connected out in pollination section, powder adjusting rod one end is fixed with the tip of taper out, point
Be equipped with gap between end and flour extraction pipe, through-hole be provided on the pollination section side wall above tip, sliding has a sliding block in through-hole, sliding block with
It is equipped with elastic sealing element between pollination section side wall, sliding block top is hinged with connecting rod, and the connecting rod other end is hinged on the second gripper, sliding
Block lower part is fixedly connected with powder adjusting rod out；
The step of being pollinated using hand-pollination device is as follows:
A. male flower pallet is placed in above male flower, collapses the first gripper, opening takes powder to switch, and closes pollination switch, continues
It repeatedly squeezes and unclamps air bag and carry out taking powder；
B. the first gripper is unfolded, male flower pallet is made to leave male flower, opens pollination switch, inversion takes powder section, powder section will be taken to take
The male pollen obtained pours into pollination section；
C. female flower pallet is placed in above female flower, collapses the second gripper, closing takes powder to switch, squeezes an air bag and awarded
Powder；
(2) tea oil tree is managed after pollinating.
The working principle of this programme is:
In hand-pollination device, take powder section for taking male pollen from male flower, male pollen that pollination section is used to obtain and
The contact of female pollen, takes powder section one end and section one end of pollinating is connected to air bag, so that air bag is takes powder and pollination to provide power.
It taking in powder section, male flower fixed mechanism is used for the fixed male flower when taking powder, in male flower fixed mechanism, male flower pallet and the
One gripper cooperatively forms a cavity for wrapping male flower, and the spring between the first gripper and male flower pallet is the first gripper
Grip is provided, check valve takes powder section for unidirectionally opening, and when extruding gasbag, air bag volume becomes smaller, and the air in air bag enters
Take powder section, at this time closed check valve, air by the first ventilated membrane on check valve from take in powder section come out enter cavity in, will
Male pollen is blown afloat, when unclamping air bag, air bag by cavity air and male pollen suck and take in powder section, repeat squeeze and pine
Air bag is opened, achievees the effect that persistently to take powder.
In section of pollinating, and powder Duan Tongli is taken, female flower fixed mechanism is used for fixed female flower, female flower fixed mechanism when taking powder
In, for wrapping female flower, the spring between the second gripper and female flower pallet is second-hand for female flower pallet and the cooperation of the second gripper
Pawl provides grip.Extruding gasbag, pollinate section in male pollen and air be pressed into female flower together, air blows afloat female pollen simultaneously
And mix female pollen and male pollen, achieve the purpose that pollination.
Take what is be arranged in powder section to go out powder adjusting rod for adjusting powder outlet quantity, when the second gripper rotates, moreover it is possible to by being hinged on
Connecting rod band movable slider on second gripper slides in through-hole, and sliding block sliding drives the powder adjusting rod that goes out being fixedly connected with a slide block to do
Linear motion changes gap between tip and flour extraction pipe so that the tip for driving out powder adjusting rod one end fixed moves in a straight line
Size, achieve the purpose that change powder outlet quantity.When sliding block slides in through-hole, elastic sealing element does not influence the movement of sliding block,
Elastic sealing element can also play sealing function to pollination section, prevent the male pollen leakage in pollination section.
Following technical effect can be reached using this programme:
1, it is pollinated using hand-pollination device, is able to achieve the cross-pollination of oil tea flower, that is, realize a tea oil tree
Male flower and another tea oil tree female flower between pollination, compared with spontaneous pollination and self-pollination, pollination success rate obtain
Significant increase, therefore fruit-setting rate is also greatly improved；
2, it takes powder effect good, when carrying out taking powder to male flower, by extruding gasbag the pollen envelop on male flower can blow afloat come just
In taking powder；
3, Pollination Effect is good, is thoroughly mixed together male pollen and female pollen by the extruding of air bag, increases male flower
The contact area of powder and female pollen be combined together the two can preferably；
4, it when pollinating, is pollinated using gas, it is small to the damage of female flower, therefore later period female flower is easier to form fruit；
5, the powder outlet quantity of male pollen is adjustable when pollinating, and the adjusting of powder outlet quantity is automatically adjusted according to flower size.
Further, step (1) is a little carried out to 3 points in sunny calm weather, afternoon.Pollen can be blown away when wind by having, shadow
Pollination Effect is rung, oil tea usually blooms out more vigorous to 3 points more in the afternoon, this time is best pollination time.
It further, further include carrying out female flower before step (1) to remove.Female flower is removed, tree body can be made to keep battalion
Equilibrium is supported, avoids part female flower barren because of subalimentation.
It further, further include carrying out male flower before step (1) to remove.When being sprouted due to male flower initial stage, it can be absorbed and utilized
The a large amount of nutrient of tea oil tree, nutrition can be stored for tea oil tree in case used in florescence female flower development by remove to male flower.
Further, step (2) includes larva and the pupa eliminated in soil.It is avoided that larva and pupa development are adult, to fruit
It damages in fact.
Further, step (2) further includes in the gibberellin that spray in bloom stage concentration is 30 ~ 40mg/ml.Gibberellin can promote to spend
Piece development, prevent flower from falling, to improve fruit-setting rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for the embodiment of the method for increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of check valve in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Appended drawing reference in Figure of description includes: air bag 1, ventilated membrane 101, takes powder section 2, powder inlet pipe 21, male flower pallet
22, the first gripper 23, pollination section 3, flour extraction pipe 31, female flower pallet 32, the second gripper 33, check valve 4, filter hole 41, out powder tune
Pole 5, through-hole 6, sliding block 7, connecting rod 8.
The method of the increase oil tea fruit-setting rate of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) flower thinning:
A. male flower removes: carrying out male flower at the initial stage at male flower florescence and removes.
B. female flower removes: 60 ~ 100 female flowers are retained according to the projected area of the every square meter of plant tree crown, it is first when removing female flower
The female flower that first remove weak tree, weak branch, thorax can be removed less due to light more in plant, plant is bright and clear, space
Greatly, the good outside of ventilative property can be stayed more, and after removing, male flower and female flower ratio are 50:1.
(2) it pollinates: a little pollinating to 3 points in sunny calm weather, afternoon, awarded using hand-pollination device
Powder, hand-pollination device structure is as shown in Figure 1, including air bag 1, taking powder section 2 and pollination section 3, take powder section 2 and pollinate section 3 vertically
And be connected to, air bag 1, which is located at, takes 3 top of powder section 2 and pollination section, and powder section 2 is taken to be located at 3 left side of pollination section.
It takes 2 upper end of powder section to be connected to air bag 1,2 lower end of powder section is taken to be communicated with powder inlet pipe 21, take in powder section 2 close to air bag 1
Position, which is equipped with, takes powder to switch.
Pollination 3 upper end of section is connected to air bag 1, and pollination 3 lower end of section is communicated with flour extraction pipe 31, close to air bag 1 in section 3 of pollinating
Position is equipped with pollination switch.
Male flower fixed mechanism is equipped at powder inlet pipe 21, male flower fixed mechanism includes being fixed on the hero taken on 2 lateral wall of powder section
Holder disk 22, male flower pallet 22 is circumferential to be hinged with the first gripper 23, is connected with spring between the first gripper 23 and male flower pallet 22, this
Spring is that the first gripper 23 provides grip.
At flour extraction pipe 31 be equipped with female flower fixed mechanism, female flower fixed mechanism include be fixed on pollination 3 lateral wall of section on it is female
Holder disk 32, female flower pallet 32 is circumferential to be hinged with the second gripper 33, is also connected with spring between the second gripper 33 and female flower pallet 32,
This spring is that the second gripper 33 provides grip.
Slidably connect out powder adjusting rod 5 in pollination section 3,5 lower end of powder adjusting rod is equipped with the tip of taper out, tip with
It is equipped with gap between flour extraction pipe 31, the through-hole 6 of rectangle is provided on 3 side wall of pollination section above tip, sliding has sliding block in through-hole 6
7, it is equipped with elastic sealing element between sliding block 7 and pollination 3 side wall of section, for sealing through-hole 6, elastic sealing element is rubber seal,
7 top of sliding block is hinged with connecting rod 8, and 8 other end of connecting rod is hinged on the second gripper 33, between 7 lower part of sliding block and out powder adjusting rod 5
It is fixedly connected.
The side in powder section 2 far from air bag 1 is taken to be equipped with check valve 4,4 structure of check valve is as shown in Fig. 2, on check valve 4
It is even to offer filter hole 41, it is equipped with ventilated membrane 101 in filter hole 41, bottom also is provided with ventilated membrane 101 in air bag 1.
The step of being pollinated using above-mentioned hand-pollination device is as follows:
A. male flower pallet 22 is placed in above male flower, collapses the first gripper 23 on male flower pallet 22, opening takes powder to open
It closes, closes pollination switch, by extruding gasbag 1,1 volume of air bag becomes smaller, and the air in air bag 1, which enters, takes powder section 2, at this time check valve
4 close, and air is entered in cavity by the first ventilated membrane 101 on check valve 4 from taking to come out in powder section 2, and male pollen is blown afloat,
When unclamping air bag 1, air bag 1 by cavity air and male pollen suck and take in powder section 2, repeat squeeze and unclamp air bag 1,
Achieve the effect that persistently to take powder.
B. the first gripper 23 is unfolded, male flower pallet 22 is made to leave male flower, opens pollination switch, inversion takes powder section 2, will take
The male pollen that powder section 2 obtains pours into pollination section 3.
C. female flower pallet 32 is placed in above female flower, the second gripper 33, the second 33 turns of gripper is collapsed according to the size of female flower
When dynamic, slided in through-hole 6 by connecting rod 8 with movable slider 7, sliding block 7 drives out powder adjusting rod 5 to move in a straight line, and changes powder out
The size in gap between tip on adjusting rod 5 and flour extraction pipe 31, to change powder outlet quantity, closing takes powder to switch, extruding gasbag
1, pollinate section 3 in male pollen and air together between tip and flour extraction pipe 31 gap discharge after, be pressed into female flower, air
Female pollen is blown afloat and mixes female pollen and male pollen, achievees the purpose that pollination, the second gripper 33 is then unfolded, makes female flower
Pallet 32 leaves female flower.
(3) tea oil tree is managed after pollinating:
A. larva and the pupa in soil are eliminated.It is avoided that larva and pupa development are adult, fruit is damaged.
B. in spray in bloom stage gibberellin, concentration is 30 ~ 40mg/ml, to promote flower growth.
What has been described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and characteristic are not made herein in scheme
Excessive description.It, without departing from the structure of the invention, can be with it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
Several modifications and improvements are made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence what the present invention was implemented
Effect and patent practicability.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, in specification
The records such as specific embodiment can be used for explaining the content of claim.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate, which comprises the steps of:
(1) pollinated using hand-pollination device, hand-pollination device includes air bag, takes powder section and pollination section, take powder section and
Section of pollinating connection；It is described that powder section one end is taken to be connected to air bag, it takes the powder section other end to be communicated with powder inlet pipe, takes powder section to be equipped with and take powder
Switch；Described pollination section one end is connected to air bag, and the pollination section other end is communicated with flour extraction pipe, and pollination section is equipped with pollination switch；
Male flower fixed mechanism is equipped at the powder inlet pipe, male flower fixed mechanism includes being fixed on the male flower pallet taken in powder section, androclinium
Disk is circumferentially hinged with the first gripper, and the first spring is connected between the first gripper and male flower pallet；Female flower is equipped at the flour extraction pipe
Fixed mechanism, female flower fixed mechanism include the female flower pallet being fixed in pollination section, and female flower pallet is circumferentially hinged with the second gripper,
Second spring is connected between second gripper and female flower pallet；The side taken in powder section far from air bag is equipped with check valve, unidirectionally
It is provided with filter hole on valve, is equipped with the first ventilated membrane in filter hole；Powder adjusting rod is slidably connected out in the pollination section, out powder tune
Pole one end is fixed with the tip of taper, and gap is equipped between tip and flour extraction pipe, is provided on the pollination section side wall above tip
Through-hole, the interior sliding of through-hole have sliding block, are equipped with elastic sealing element between sliding block and pollination section side wall, and sliding block top is hinged with connecting rod,
The connecting rod other end is hinged on the second gripper, and sliding block lower part is fixedly connected with powder adjusting rod out；
The step of being pollinated using hand-pollination device is as follows:
A. male flower pallet is placed in above male flower, collapses the first gripper, opening takes powder to switch, and closes pollination switch, continues repeatedly
It squeezes and unclamps air bag and carry out taking powder；
B. the first gripper is unfolded, male flower pallet is made to leave male flower, opens pollination switch, inversion takes powder section, and powder section will be taken to obtain
Male pollen pours into pollination section；
C. female flower pallet is placed in above female flower, collapses the second gripper, closing takes powder to switch, and an air bag is squeezed, in section of pollinating
Male pollen and air be pressed into female flower together, female pollen is blown afloat and mixes female pollen and male pollen by air, thus
Realize pollination；
(2) tea oil tree is managed after pollinating.
2. a kind of method for increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (1) is fine
Bright calm weather, afternoon a little carry out to 3 points.
3. a kind of method for increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: further include in step (1)
Female flower is carried out before to remove.
4. a kind of method for increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: further include in step (1)
Male flower is carried out before to remove.
5. a kind of method for increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the step (2) includes
Eliminate the larva in soil and pupa.
6. a kind of method for increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the step (2) is also wrapped
It includes in spray in bloom stage gibberellin, concentration is 30~40mg/ml.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710986625.3A CN107494257B (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2017-10-20 | A method of increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710986625.3A CN107494257B (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2017-10-20 | A method of increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107494257A CN107494257A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
| CN107494257B true CN107494257B (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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| CN201710986625.3A Active CN107494257B (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2017-10-20 | A method of increasing oil tea fruit-setting rate |
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203327679U (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2013-12-11 | 奚经龙 | Fruit tree pollenator |
| CN203505243U (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-04-02 | 四川农业大学 | Air bag type pollenator |
| CN204168862U (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-02-25 | 杨阳 | Pollinating device |
| TWI578901B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-04-21 | 胡泉 | Pollination device for buddha flower |
| CN205884281U (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-18 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Pollination device |
| RU2620075C1 (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-05-22 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт гидротехники и мелиорации имени А.Н. Костякова" (ФГБНУ "ВНИИГиМ им. А.Н. Костякова") | Device for pollination of plants |
| CN206542787U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-10-10 | 王宇楠 | A kind of watermelon pollination device |
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2017
- 2017-10-20 CN CN201710986625.3A patent/CN107494257B/en active Active
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| CN107494257A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
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Effective date of registration: 20221123 Address after: 530000 room 313, floor 3, building 2, Science Park, No. 61 Xingdong Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: Guangxi Hangpeng Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 564307 Shangba village, Hongsi Township, Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province Patentee before: WUCHUAN AUTONOMOUS COUNTY ZAOJIAOSHU TEA INDUSTRY CO.,LTD. |
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Effective date of registration: 20221207 Address after: 533000 office, 1f, building 1, Huaqiao farm, Sitang Town, Youjiang District, Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: Baise Donghui Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 530000 room 313, floor 3, building 2, Science Park, No. 61 Xingdong Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: Guangxi Hangpeng Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. |