CN104756858A - Pollination method of red-pulp hylocereus undatus - Google Patents
Pollination method of red-pulp hylocereus undatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756858A CN104756858A CN201510196939.4A CN201510196939A CN104756858A CN 104756858 A CN104756858 A CN 104756858A CN 201510196939 A CN201510196939 A CN 201510196939A CN 104756858 A CN104756858 A CN 104756858A
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Abstract
The invention provides a pollination method of red-pulp hylocereus undatus. The pollination method comprises the following steps: collecting pollen on stamens of the red-pulp hylocereus undatus when the sun comes up; and conveying the obtained pollen into holes of pistil tops to finish pollination. The invention further provides a pollen collection pollination device. The pollen collection pollination device comprises a hollow cavity, wherein a collection hole is formed in one end of the hollow cavity and a pollination hole is formed in the other end of the hollow cavity; and a detachable plug is arranged on the pollination hole. By virtue of the method provided by the invention, the self-flower pollination of the red-pulp hylocereus undatus can be realized, the pollination success rate can be more than 95% and the setting rate can be improved to be not less than 95%. Furthermore, the pollen collection pollination device provided by the invention has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture and use; and the pollen collection pollination device is used for carrying out pollen collection and artificial pollination, and can be used for finishing the artificial pollination as soon as possible, so that the labor intensity can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technical field, particularly relate to a kind of pollinating method of red meat dragon fruit.
Background technology
Dragon fruit is Cactaceae perennial climber succulent plant, and shape is like olive.Red skin red meat, red skin plain boiled pork, Calusena lansium plain boiled pork three major types can be divided into, at present as dragon fruit mainly red skin red meat and red skin plain boiled pork two class of Economical cultivation by fruit pulp color.Wherein, containing a large amount of anthocyanin in red skin red meat dragon fruit, there is good health-care effect.But red meat dragon fruit exists from flower not affinity phenomenon, and pollination success rate is lower, and ripening rate is lower, needs to carry out artificial pollination with plain boiled pork dragon fruit pollen.
When planting red skin red meat dragon fruit, prior art generally selects with main breed (i.e. red skin red meat dragon fruit) that affinity of pollinating is strong, pollen amount is large and the pollinated variety (being generally red skin plain boiled pork dragon fruit) that the maturing stage is consistent carries out artificial pollination to it, and the allocation ratio of dragon fruit main breed and pollinated variety is generally 4 ~ 6:1.When planting red meat dragon fruit, planting the plain boiled pork dragon fruit of about 20% between needs, during pollination, first collecting the pollen of plain boiled pork dragon fruit, the column cap then this pollen being dipped red meat dragon fruit completes pollination.But this kind of method requires strict to pollinated variety, must be consistent with the main breed florescence, otherwise cannot pollinate; And after adopting pollination in this way, the ripening rate of red meat dragon fruit is still lower, and output is lower.
Applicant finds through large quantity research, " red meat dragon fruit exists from flower not affinity phenomenon " that generally believe in the industry is at present inaccurate, the self-pollination of red meat dragon fruit can be realized by specific pollinating method, improve its pollination success rate, and then improve ripening rate and the output of red meat dragon fruit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pollinating method of red meat dragon fruit, pollinating method provided by the invention can realize the self-pollination of red meat dragon fruit, and pollination success rate can reach more than 95%, and then can improve ripening rate and the output of red meat dragon fruit.
The invention provides a kind of pollinating method of red meat dragon fruit, comprise the following steps:
Collect the pollen on red meat dragon fruit stamen after daybreak, the pollen obtained is sent into the aperture of pistil stigma, complete pollination.
Generally from mid or late May, occur bud successively at the greenhouse cultivation dragon fruit in the Sichuan Basin, mid-June, Post flowering can be pollinated.The present invention blooms period at red meat Pitaya Flower, collects the pollen on red meat dragon fruit stamen, is then sent into the aperture of pistil stigma, can complete pollination after daybreak every day.
Dragon fruit petal generally from about 19 openings successively at dusk, is wilted to the next morning about 10 gradually.Conventional pollination requires just start to collect plain boiled pork dragon fruit pollen after petal is in full bloom and pollinate to red meat dragon fruit, and work consuming is consuming time.And adopt method provided by the invention, without the need to planting plain boiled pork dragon fruit, after only needing daybreak every day, similar about 6:30 starts to collect the pollen of red meat dragon fruit and carries out pollinating, and does not have particular/special requirement to the pollen collecting time.
The present invention preferably uses pollen collecting pollenator to carry out collection and the pollination of pollen.In the present invention, described pollen collecting pollenator is hollow cavity, and one end of described hollow cavity is provided with collection mouth, and the other end is provided with pollination mouth, and described pollination mouth is provided with dismountable stopper.
The collection mouth of pollen collecting pollenator provided by the invention, for collecting pollen, is contained in hollow cavity, is then entered the aperture of column cap by pollination mouth, realizes artificial pollination.
See the structural representation of the pollen collecting pollenator that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 provide for the embodiment of the present invention, wherein, 1 is the oblique round platform of hollow, and 2 for collecting mouth, and 3 is pollination mouth.
Described pollen collecting pollenator is the oblique round platform 1 of hollow, an one bottom surface is provided with and collects mouth 2 as pollen collecting end.In one embodiment, described collection mouth is formed by the bottom surface removing described round platform.In another embodiment, described collection mouth is formed by the bottom surface removing described round platform, and it is angle, and the angle of described angle and horizontal plane is about 45 °.
Another bottom surface of described pollen collecting pollenator is provided with pollination mouth 3 as pollination end, described pollination mouth is provided with dismountable stopper, the effect one of stopper prevents from missing when collecting pollen, and two is dredge the blocking caused of making moist.In one embodiment, the aperture of pollination mouth 3 is 3 ~ 5mm; In another embodiment, the aperture of pollination mouth 3 is 3mm.In another embodiment, described stopper is flexible plastic nail.
For the ease of collection and the artificial pollination of pollen, the bore collecting mouth is greater than the bore of pollination mouth.
After daybreak every day, adopt the pollen on the pollen collecting end collection stamen of pollen collecting pollenator, when adopting above-mentioned pollen collecting pollenator to collect, concrete operations are inserted between the stamen filigree of open flower and the petal under it by pollen collecting end, and vibration pollen collecting pollenator makes the pollen on stamen filigree fall into pollen collecting end.
After collecting pollen, open the stopper on pollen collecting pollenator pollination end pollination mouth, the pollination end of pollen collecting pollenator is inserted the aperture of red meat dragon fruit pistil stigma, pollen in pollen collecting pollenator is trembled in pistil stigma by vibration pollen collecting pollenator, pollen and column cap are combined closely, completes pollination.In pollinating process, preferably pollination end is inserted the pollen mouth of pipe place of pistil stigma, vibration makes pollen directly fall into pollen tube.
In the present invention, before petal is wilted, preferably complete collection and the pollination work of pollen, before, more preferably complete collection and the pollination work of pollen thirty in the morning 10.
In pollinating process, run into the flower that petal is wilted, petal and column cap can be cut, cover with petal after according to the method described above pollen being sent into column cap.Specifically, with cutter, petal and column cap can be cut, expose column cap pollen tube and pollinate.
The pollen on red meat dragon fruit stamen is collected after daybreak of the present invention, the pollen obtained is sent into the pollen mouth of pipe of pistil stigma, complete pollination, this method can realize the self-pollination of red meat dragon fruit, pollination success rate can reach more than 95%, thus improves its ripening rate and output.In addition, because method provided by the invention can realize self-pollination, without the need to planting plain boiled pork dragon fruit in proportion, thus make the red meat dragon fruit plant number in unit are improve about 20%, output is corresponding improve about 20% also.
In addition, pollen collecting pollenator structure provided by the invention is simple, easy to make, easy to use, carries out pollen collecting and artificial pollination, can complete artificial pollination as early as possible, and significantly can reduce labour intensity with pollen collecting pollenator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the subordinate list in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Be rolled into a circular cone with the fan-shaped plastic sheet of a radius 23cm, chord length 22cm, interface adhesive sticker is bonding; Openend, circular cone bottom surface is cut into angle, and the plane at this angle place and the angle of horizontal plane are about 45 °, as the collection mouth of pollen collecting pollenator; Conical top cuts an aperture, as the pollination mouth of pollen collecting pollenator, and aperture about 3mm, pollination mouth is followed closely with the flexible plastic that a size is consistent with pollination mouth and is sealed; For reducing pollen attachment, bonding site is positioned at angle upper end, the long 17cm of distance pollination end.
Embodiment 2
Mid or late May, dragon fruit shows bud successively, blooms mid-June and can pollinate.After daybreak thirty every day 6, insert between petal and stamen filigree with the collection mouth of the pollen collecting pollenator of embodiment 1, vibration pollen collecting pollenator, pollen is fallen in pollen collecting pollenator; Pull up pollination mouth sealing continuously connected fastener, pollen trembled the pollen mouth of pipe into column cap from pollination end, vibration, makes pollen be combined closely with pollen tube wall; Then give next flower pollination, until the pollen collected is finished, dries pollination port, plug continuously connected fastener.Next round pollen collecting and pollination is carried out by above-mentioned steps.Pollination is operated in and completed before petal wilting 10 thirty.Do not pollinate in time if any part, cut petal and column cap, pollen is trembled in the column cap pollen tube of incision, and cover with petal.
Embodiment 3
On May 15th, 2013, red meat dragon fruit started existing bud, totally 124, bloomed successively after 7 ~ 12 June, wherein 50 flowers collect pollen and pollination according to a conventional method, method is as follows: sweep in plate with writing brush by pollen, pollen mixture, then dips pollen with writing brush and award on the antenna of column cap; Other 50 flowers collect pollen and pollination by the method for embodiment 2.June 22, namely the base portion of the 28 flowers flavescence that has of pollinating according to a conventional method pollinates unsuccessful, and its success rate only has 44%; And turn yellow by the base portion of 13 flowers that only has that the method for embodiment 2 is pollinated, success rate reaches 74%.
1750 flowers in full bloom during 18 ~ 22 August, carry out artificial pollination by method disclosed in embodiment 2, have 1667 flowers to pollinate successfully, success rate is 95.3%.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a pollinating method for red meat dragon fruit, comprising:
Collect the pollen on red meat dragon fruit stamen after daybreak, the pollen obtained is sent into the aperture of pistil stigma, complete pollination.
2. pollinating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts the pollen on the pollen collecting end collection dragon fruit stamen of pollen collecting pollenator.
3. pollinating method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, between the stamen that described pollen collecting end inserts open flower and bottom petal, collects pollen by vibration.
4. pollinating method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the pollination end of pollen collecting pollenator is inserted the aperture of pistil stigma, by vibration, pollen is combined with column cap.
5. pollinating method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, when the petal of red meat dragon fruit is wilted, petal and column cap is cut, is sent into by pollen in the pollen tube of the column cap cut, then use petal covering protection.
6. a pollen collecting pollenator, is characterized in that, comprising: hollow cavity, and one end of described hollow cavity is provided with collection mouth, and the other end is provided with pollination mouth, and described pollination mouth is provided with dismountable stopper.
7. pollen collecting pollenator according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described hollow cavity is hollow round table, and a bottom surface of described hollow round table is provided with collection mouth, and another bottom surface is provided with pollination mouth.
8. pollen collecting pollenator according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the aperture of described pollination mouth is 3 ~ 5mm, and the bore of described collection mouth is greater than the bore of described pollination mouth.
9. pollen collecting pollenator according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described stopper is flexible plastic nail.
10. pollen collecting pollenator according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described collection mouth is formed by the bottom surface removing described round platform, and described collection mouth is angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510196939.4A CN104756858A (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2015-04-23 | Pollination method of red-pulp hylocereus undatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510196939.4A CN104756858A (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2015-04-23 | Pollination method of red-pulp hylocereus undatus |
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| CN104756858A true CN104756858A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510196939.4A Pending CN104756858A (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2015-04-23 | Pollination method of red-pulp hylocereus undatus |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105494081A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-20 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Pollination method for pitaya |
| CN106613567A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-10 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Special rain shield for pitaya flowers |
| CN115053800A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-09-16 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Method and device for cross pollination of pitaya |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202857469U (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2013-04-10 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Artificial pollination tube for nuts |
| CN203072575U (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-07-24 | 哈尔滨师范大学 | Artificial pollen pollination tube |
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2015
- 2015-04-23 CN CN201510196939.4A patent/CN104756858A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202857469U (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2013-04-10 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Artificial pollination tube for nuts |
| CN203072575U (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-07-24 | 哈尔滨师范大学 | Artificial pollen pollination tube |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 李所清等: "人工授粉对红皮红肉型火龙果产量及品质的影响", 《攀枝花科技与信息》 * |
| 苏厚人等: "人工授粉对红皮红肉型火龙果产量及品质的影响", 《吉林农业》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105494081A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-20 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Pollination method for pitaya |
| CN106613567A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-10 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Special rain shield for pitaya flowers |
| CN115053800A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-09-16 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Method and device for cross pollination of pitaya |
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Application publication date: 20150708 |
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