CN107470327B - Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste - Google Patents

Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107470327B
CN107470327B CN201710757314.XA CN201710757314A CN107470327B CN 107470327 B CN107470327 B CN 107470327B CN 201710757314 A CN201710757314 A CN 201710757314A CN 107470327 B CN107470327 B CN 107470327B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
conveyor
pipeline
gas
outlet
bin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710757314.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107470327A (en
Inventor
刘静欣
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wuhan Kaidi Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Wuhan Kaidi Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wuhan Kaidi Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd filed Critical Wuhan Kaidi Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710757314.XA priority Critical patent/CN107470327B/en
Publication of CN107470327A publication Critical patent/CN107470327A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/100982 priority patent/WO2019042157A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107470327B publication Critical patent/CN107470327B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic wastes, wherein the treatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Sintering the granules; 2) Plasma gasification smelting; 3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil; 4) And (5) recovering valuable metals. The invention sets procedures of sinter gas harmlessness, smelting flue gas waste heat recovery and harmlessness, tail gas recycling, metal comprehensive recovery and the like in a shorter process flow, realizes full harmlessness, reduction and recycling of electronic wastes, and can be popularized and applied to the recycling recovery field of similar solid wastes mixed by organic matters and metal materials.

Description

Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic waste treatment, in particular to a comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste.
Background
Electronic waste, commonly called "electronic waste", refers to waste generated in the production process of electronic and electric products and electronic and electric equipment which is discarded and not used any more, and has various kinds and complex component structures, and relates to various fields of industrial production and resident life. Along with the rapid development of the electronic information industry and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the updating speed of electronic products is gradually increased, the annual electronic waste generation amount of the whole world is up to 4000-5000 ten thousand tons, and the annual growth rate of the electronic waste is still increased by 5-10 percent, thus causing great threat to the ecological environment of the whole world. Because of the different application functions, working principles and manufacturing processes, the electronic products have great structural differences, and the contained materials such as metal, plastic, ceramic and the like have great composition and content differences, so that the efficient recycling of electronic wastes has become one of the difficulties to be solved.
At present, the common practice for industrially treating electronic wastes is to disassemble the electronic wastes manually or semi-automatically to obtain plastic or metal shells, common parts, harmful parts or materials, circuit boards and the like. After part of common parts are detected to be qualified, the common parts are directly degraded for use; the shell and the unreusable common parts can be mechanically crushed and separated to obtain granules of plastics, metals, ceramics and the like, and the granules are recycled through simple regeneration treatment; the mobile phone battery, the printer ink box and other harmful parts and the fluorescent powder, the liquid refrigerant and other harmful materials are delivered to special processing enterprises for disposal; the circuit board with the highest recovery value does not have a set of recycling technology with wide applicability, strong operability, economy and environmental protection at present. Companies such as Umicore, xstrata, sweden and the like respectively research and develop a high-temperature smelting technology to treat electronic waste and other solid waste containing noble metals, and the differences of a raw material compatibility scheme, smelting conditions, slag type selection, product composition, a flue gas aftertreatment system design and the like are obvious according to different smelting equipment designs, but the basic principle is similar, the high-efficiency recovery of the noble metals is realized by utilizing the trapping effect of heavy metals on the noble metals, and organic materials in the electronic waste are combusted in the high-temperature condition to provide heat and reducing atmosphere for the smelting process. Although the high-temperature smelting technology has a successful industrial implementation example, the investment cost is huge, and the high-temperature smelting technology is limited by the temperature requirement of the traditional pyrometallurgical smelting furnace, so that the raw material composition is strictly limited.
For recycling of electronic wastes, various nationists have conducted extensive researches, and the research focus is mainly focused on the recovery of noble metals and copper in waste circuit boards, and the adopted methods comprise a mechanical physical treatment technology, a pyrometallurgical technology, a hydrometallurgical technology, a biological treatment technology and the like. In addition, many researchers have been attracting attention to recovery processing of organic materials such as resins in waste circuit boards, and have developed thermal cracking techniques and novel techniques such as supercritical fluid methods, plasma methods, and ionic liquid methods.
In the prior art, chinese patent publication No. CN102284472A proposes a method for performing pyrolysis and plasma discharge harmless treatment on a circuit board. The method realizes the separation of metals and nonmetal in the circuit board and the standard discharge of pollutants, but the treatment of organic components in the circuit board is limited to innocuous treatment, and the organic components cannot be recycled. The Chinese patent of the invention with publication number of CN106642159A provides a rotary kiln and plasma gasification cooperative recycling hazardous waste treatment system, which utilizes the respective advantages of the rotary kiln and the plasma gasification technology to realize harmless treatment of hazardous waste, but the smooth operation of the system depends on stable conversion and connection of materials and energy among devices in the system, and has higher requirement on raw material stability. The Chinese patent with the publication number of CN1014238998B discloses a method for vacuum pyrolysis of waste circuit boards, which is characterized in that pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis slag and pyrolysis gas are obtained, the pyrolysis gas is used as fuel to provide energy for a pyrolysis process, the method realizes full utilization of organic components, but the pyrolysis temperature is lower, the pyrolysis gas is condensed after being cooled in a collecting process to easily cause pipeline blockage, a vacuum environment is required, and the equipment requirement is higher.
In summary, the recycling method of each electronic waste still faces various problems, and the recycling of the electronic waste with low cost, short process and high efficiency is still the research focus in the field of resource recycling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electronic waste comprehensive recycling treatment system with full utilization of resources and no secondary pollution, and also provides an electronic waste comprehensive recycling treatment method with economy, environmental protection, short flow and high efficiency, so as to realize efficient recycling of organic matters and valuable metals in electronic waste.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a comprehensive recycling treatment method for electronic waste, which comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: firstly cutting and crushing electronic waste into electronic waste granules, then uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a binder, and then sintering to obtain sintered blocks, and generating sintering gas;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and the cokes obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace to enable the sintered blocks and the cokes to be alternately arranged in a layered mode, simultaneously mixing the sintering gas generated in the step 1) with oxygen-enriched air, introducing a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace to conduct combustion treatment, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, and discharging the obtained melt from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: rapidly cooling the smelting flue gas obtained in the step 2) to below 200 ℃, recovering heat released in a quenching process by adopting a waste heat boiler, separating dust-removing gas and ash after dust collection treatment of the cooled flue gas, preparing an oil product by sequentially carrying out alkali absorption, gas reforming, fischer-Tropsch synthesis and refining treatment on the dust-removing gas, and extracting and recovering volatile metals from the ash;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (3) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2), separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, and carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode slime, wherein the anode slime is used for extracting and recycling rare noble metals.
Further, in the step 1), the mass ratio of the electronic waste particles, the slagging agent and the binder is 1:0.1-0.6:0.1-0.3.
Preferably, in the step 1), the mass ratio of the electronic waste particles, the slag former and the binder is 1:0.2-0.5:0.1-0.2.
Optimally, in the step 1), the mass ratio of the electronic waste particles, the slag former and the binder is 1:0.3-0.4:0.1-0.2.
Further, in the step 1), the granularity of the electronic waste granules is 0.1-20 mm.
Preferably, in the step 1), the particle size of the electronic waste particles is 2 to 10mm.
Optimally, in the step 1), the granularity of the electronic waste granules is 5-8 mm.
Further, in the step 1), the slag former is one or more of limestone, calcite, dolomite, quartz sand, magnesite and serpentine.
Further, in the step 1), the binder is one or more of lime, paraffin, bentonite, clay, diatomite and peat.
Further, in the step 1), the sintering treatment adopts N 2 Protected indirect heating sintering mode, sintering temperature500-800 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 1), the sintering treatment adopts N 2 The indirect heating sintering mode is protected, and the sintering temperature is 600-700 ℃.
Further, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the sintered block to the coke is 1:0.5-1.5.
Preferably, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the sintered block to the coke is 1:0.6-1.2.
Optimally, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the sintered block to the coke is 1:1-1.1.
Further, in the step 2), the temperature of the smelting belt in the plasma gasification smelting furnace is 1400-1600 ℃.
Still further, in the step 2), the outlet temperature of the smelting flue gas is 800-1200 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2), the outlet temperature of the smelting flue gas is 900-1100 ℃.
Further, in the step 4), the temperature of the heat preservation sedimentation process is kept between 1000 and 1200 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 4), the temperature of the thermal insulation sedimentation process is kept between 1100 and 1150 ℃.
The invention also provides a system for realizing the comprehensive recycling treatment method of the electronic waste, which comprises a pretreatment device, a plasma gasification smelting device, a flue gas recycling device and a valuable metal extraction device; the air outlet of the pretreatment device is connected with a blast orifice of the plasma gasification smelting device, and the discharge orifice of the pretreatment device is connected with a feed inlet of the plasma gasification smelting device; the flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification smelting device is connected with the gas inlet of the flue gas recycling device, and the melt outlet of the plasma gasification smelting device is connected with the liquid inlet of the valuable metal extraction device.
Further, the pretreatment device comprises a raw material bin, a first conveyor, a shearing crusher, a second conveyor, a slag former bin, a third conveyor, a binder bin, a fourth conveyor, a mixer, a fifth conveyor, a closed sintering machine, a sixth conveyor, a sintering machine heating furnace, a sintering tail gas collector, a sintering tail gas pipeline, an oxygen generating station, an oxygen-enriched pipeline, a gas mixing bin, an air inlet pipeline, a coke bin and a seventh conveyor;
The discharge port of the raw material bin, the first conveyor, the shearing crusher and the second conveyor are sequentially connected, the discharge port of the slag former bin is connected with the feed end of the third conveyor, the discharge port of the binder bin is connected with the feed end of the fourth conveyor, and the discharge port of the second conveyor, the discharge port of the third conveyor and the discharge port of the fourth conveyor are connected with the feed port of the mixer;
the mixer, the fifth conveyor, the closed sintering machine and the sixth conveyor are connected in sequence, an air inlet of the sintering tail gas collector is connected with an air outlet of the closed sintering machine, and an air outlet of the sintering tail gas collector is connected with a tail gas inlet of the gas mixing bin through a sintering tail gas pipeline; an oxygen inlet of the oxygen generating station is connected with an air inlet of the gas mixing bin through an oxygen-enriched pipeline, and a discharge port of the coke bin is connected with a feed end of the seventh conveyor; a first flowmeter is arranged on a pipeline of the sintering tail gas pipeline; and a second flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline of the oxygen-enriched pipeline.
Further, the plasma gasification smelting device comprises a plasma furnace, a molten liquid chute and a flue gas pipeline;
The plasma furnace is provided with a feed inlet, a blast orifice, a molten liquid outlet and a flue gas outlet; the discharge end of the sixth conveyor and the discharge end of the seventh conveyor are connected with the feed inlet of the plasma furnace, the gas outlet of the gas mixing bin is connected with the blast port of the plasma furnace through a gas inlet pipeline, the melt outlet of the plasma furnace is connected with the liquid inlet of the melt chute, and the flue gas outlet of the plasma furnace is connected with the gas inlet of the flue gas pipeline.
Further, the flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the plasma furnace, the melt outlet is arranged at the bottom of the plasma furnace, the blast orifice is arranged in the middle of the plasma furnace, and the feed inlet is positioned between the flue gas outlet and the blast orifice; the blast ports are arranged in a single layer or a double layer along the longitudinal direction of the plasma furnace, and the number of each layer is 3-12; the number of the exhaust ports is 1-4, and the front section of the exhaust pipe connected with the exhaust ports is provided with 2-6 stages of baffles; the lower part of the plasma furnace is provided with plasma torches along the circumference thereof, and the plasma torches are positioned between the blast orifice and the melt outlet and are 3-12 in number.
Further, the flue gas recycling device comprises a pure water tank, a quenching tower, a hot water pipeline, a filter, a waste heat boiler, a first gas pipeline, a cyclone dust collector, a second gas pipeline, a bag dust collector, a third gas pipeline, an alkali absorption tower, a fourth gas pipeline, a water vapor reforming tower, a fifth gas pipeline, a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower, a gas circulation pipeline, a primary oil product pipeline, a refined distillation tower and a finished oil output pipeline;
The water outlet of the pure water tank is connected with a cold water inlet at the upper part of the quenching tower, the air outlet of the flue gas pipeline is connected with an air inlet at the lower part of the quenching tower, and a hot water outlet at the bottom of the quenching tower is sequentially connected with the filter and the waste heat boiler through a hot water pipeline;
the gas outlet at the top of the quenching tower is sequentially connected with a first gas pipeline, a cyclone dust collector, a second gas pipeline, a bag dust collector, a third gas pipeline, an alkali absorption tower, a fourth gas pipeline, a steam reforming tower, a fifth gas pipeline, a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower, a primary oil product pipeline, a refined distillation tower and a finished product oil output pipeline; and an air outlet at the top of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower is connected with an air inlet of the steam reforming tower through a gas circulation pipeline.
Further, the flue gas recycling device also comprises a sludge bin, a primary ash collecting bin and a secondary ash collecting bin, wherein the sludge bin is arranged at the bottom of the filter and is opposite to the sludge outlet of the filter; the primary ash collecting bin is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector and is opposite to the ash outlet of the cyclone dust collector; the secondary ash collecting bin is arranged at the bottom of the bag dust collector and is opposite to the ash outlet of the bag dust collector.
Still further, the valuable metal extraction device comprises a heat preservation furnace, an alloy chute, a disc ingot casting machine, a transfer device, an electrolytic tank, a slag chute and a glass wire drawing machine;
The liquid outlet of the molten liquid chute is connected with the liquid inlet at the top of the heat preservation furnace, the alloy outlet at the bottom of the heat preservation furnace is sequentially connected with the alloy chute and the disc ingot casting machine, and the transfer device is arranged between the disc ingot casting machine and the electrolytic tank; and a slag outlet at the upper part of the holding furnace is sequentially connected with a slag chute and a glass wire drawing machine.
Further, the second conveyor, the third conveyor, the fourth conveyor, the sixth conveyor and the seventh conveyor are all conveyors with weighing and metering devices, and the closed sintering machine adopts N 2 Protecting the indirectly heated sintering machine; the gas mixing bin is internally provided with a CO detection device and O 2 And a detection device.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows:
the organic material used in the electronic product is generally thermosetting, keeps stable at the temperature lower than 200 ℃, can be in soft fusion bonding at the higher temperature, can bond the slag former and the electronic waste particles together under the synergistic effect of the special binder, and can obtain a blocky product with moderate hardness after cooling. During the sintering process N 2 The method is carried out in a protective atmosphere, materials are heated to 500-800 ℃ in an indirect heating mode, an optimal temperature range for generating dioxin at 300-500 ℃ is avoided, and the generation of harmful gas dioxin is avoided as much as possible.
Organic gas possibly contained in sintering tail gas is introduced into the plasma gasification smelting furnace for high-temperature treatment, so that pollution is eliminated. The sintering tail gas is mixed with air or oxygen-enriched air, and then enters the furnace from a blast orifice at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace to react with the sintering cake and coke. The sintering blocks and the material column built by the coke gradually move downwards, and the coke plays roles of fuel, reducing agent, material column framework, synthetic gas carbon source and the like in the smelting process. The temperature of the smelting belt is controlled to be 1400-1600 ℃ by adjusting the input power of the plasma torch, the organic matters are gasified and ascended, the upper material column is preheated, the inorganic components are melted by reflow to form molten liquid, and the molten liquid is gathered at the bottom of the furnace body.
The smelting flue gas is quenched to below 200 ℃, the generation of harmful gas dioxin is avoided, and the heat released in the quenching process passes through a waste heat potRecovering the furnace, collecting dust from cooled flue gas by cyclone dust collection and cloth bag dust collection, comprehensively recovering volatile metals contained in separated ash, absorbing dust-removing gas by alkali, and purifying to obtain the main effective component H 2 The synthesis gas of CO is further subjected to the procedures of gas reforming, fischer-Tropsch synthesis, refining processing and the like to prepare the synthetic oil.
Because the composition fluctuation of electronic waste is large, the consumption of auxiliary agents such as slag formers, binders and the like is not fixed, the relative content of metal phase and slag phase in the molten liquid obtained after smelting is greatly changed, and the heat preservation sedimentation procedure is arranged after the smelting procedure to reduce the requirements of the process on the stability of materials and the design difficulty of a furnace body, so that the slag and the molten metal liquid are fully separated under the action of gravity by utilizing the large density difference between the slag and the molten metal liquid, the production amount of waste slag in the subsequent metal recovery process is reduced, and the metal recovery rate is improved. The slag can be used as a building material, and cathode copper products and anode slime are obtained through electrolysis after molten metal is cast ingot, and the anode slime is used for recycling and extracting rare noble metals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the electronic waste can be crushed by a complete machine or only parts needing to be recycled are crushed, the particle size requirement of the granules is low, the energy consumption in the crushing process can be greatly saved, the dust pollution in the crushing process is reduced, and the granules do not need to be sorted.
Secondly, the invention fully utilizes each nonmetallic material in the electronic waste, wherein organic materials can replace part of special binder, and materials such as ceramic, glass fiber and the like can replace part of slag former, thereby greatly reducing the consumption of flux and lowering the cost.
Thirdly, the plasma gasification smelting temperature is higher, organic matters can be fully cracked, and components such as ceramic, glass fiber and the like in the electronic waste are melted, so that the requirement on the composition of the electronic waste components is lower.
Fourthly, the invention sets procedures of sinter gas harmlessness, smelting flue gas waste heat recovery and harmlessness, tail gas recycling, metal comprehensive recovery and the like in a shorter process flow, realizes full harmlessness, reduction and recycling of electronic wastes, and can be popularized and applied to the recycling recovery field of similar solid wastes mixed by organic matters and metal materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a comprehensive recycling method of electronic waste;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of an electronic waste recycling system;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the pretreatment device in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the plasma furnace of the plasma gasification smelting apparatus of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the flue gas recycling apparatus of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the valuable metal extraction device of FIG. 2;
the device or component labels in the figures are as follows:
the pretreatment device 1 comprises a raw material bin 101, a first conveyor 102, a shearing crusher 103, a second conveyor 104, a slag former bin 105, a third conveyor 106, a binder bin 107, a fourth conveyor 108, a mixer 109, a fifth conveyor 110, a closed sintering machine 111, a sixth conveyor 112, a sintering machine heating furnace 113, a sintering tail gas collector 114, a sintering tail gas pipeline 115, a first flowmeter 116, an oxygen-making station 117, an oxygen-enriched pipeline 118, a second flowmeter 119, a gas mixing bin 120, an air inlet pipeline 121, a coke bin 122 and a seventh conveyor 123.
The plasma gasification smelting device 2 comprises a plasma furnace 201 (wherein, a feed port a, a blast port b, a plasma torch c, a melt outlet d and a smoke outlet e), a melt chute 202 and a smoke pipeline 203.
The flue gas recycling device 3 comprises a pure water tank 301, a quenching tower 302, a hot water pipeline 303, a filter 304, a waste heat boiler 305, a sludge bin 306, a first gas pipeline 307, a cyclone dust collector 308, a first-stage ash collecting bin 309, a second gas pipeline 310, a bag dust collector 311, a second-stage ash collecting bin 312, a third gas pipeline 313, an alkali absorbing tower 314, a fourth gas pipeline 315, a water vapor reforming tower 316, a fifth gas pipeline 317, a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower 318, a gas circulation pipeline 319, a primary oil product pipeline 320, a refined distillation tower 321 and a finished oil output pipeline 322.
The valuable metal extraction device 4 comprises a holding furnace 401, an alloy chute 402, a disc ingot casting machine 403, a transfer device 404, an electrolytic tank 405, a slag chute 406 and a glass wire drawing machine 407.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
Example 1: a comprehensive recycling treatment method of electronic waste comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: firstly cutting and crushing a waste computer host into electronic waste granules with the particle size of 5-10 mm, uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a bonding agent according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.1, and adopting N 2 The protected indirect heating sintering mode is sintered at 600 ℃ to obtain sintered blocks, and sintering gas is generated at the same time; wherein the slag former is formed by mixing limestone and quartz sand according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the binder is bentonite;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and coke obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace according to the mass ratio of 1:0.7, enabling the sintered blocks and the coke to be longitudinally and alternately arranged in a layered mode, collecting sintering gas generated in the step 1), mixing the sintering gas with oxygen-enriched air, introducing the mixture into a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment, controlling the temperature of a smelting belt to be 1450-1500 ℃, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, discharging the obtained smelting liquid from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body, wherein the temperature of the smelting flue gas at an air outlet is 920 ℃;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: rapidly cooling the smelting flue gas obtained in the step 2) to below 200 ℃, recovering heat released in the quenching process by using a waste heat boiler, separating dust-removing gas and soot after cyclone dust collection and cloth bag dust collection treatment of the cooled flue gas, and reforming H in the dust-removing gas after alkali absorption of the dust-removing gas 2 Adding cobalt-based catalyst to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at 200deg.C and 2.0Mpa with CO volume ratio of 1.7:1 Further refining the product into an oil product, and extracting and recovering volatile metals from the soot;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (2) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 1000 ℃, separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode mud, and extracting and recycling rare noble metals from the anode mud, wherein the recovery rate of Cu is 99.28%, the recovery rate of Au is 99.98%, the recovery rate of Ag is 99.87% and the recovery rate of platinum group metal is 99.65%.
Example 2: a comprehensive recycling treatment method of electronic waste comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: cutting and crushing a waste CRT television main board into electronic waste granules with the particle size of 10-15 mm, uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a binder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.4:0.1, and adopting N 2 The protected indirect heating sintering mode is sintered at 600 ℃ to obtain sintered blocks, and sintering gas is generated at the same time; wherein the slag former is formed by mixing limestone, dolomite and quartz sand according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1, and the binder is peat;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and coke obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace according to the mass ratio of 1:0.6, enabling the sintered blocks and the coke to be longitudinally and alternately arranged in a layered mode, collecting sintering gas generated in the step 1), mixing the sintering gas with oxygen-enriched air, introducing the mixture into a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment, controlling the temperature of a smelting belt to be 1500-1550 ℃, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, discharging the smelting flue gas at the temperature of 890 ℃ at an air outlet, and discharging the obtained molten liquid from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: rapidly cooling the smelting flue gas obtained in the step 2) to below 200 ℃, recovering heat released in the quenching process by using a waste heat boiler, separating dust-removing gas and soot after cyclone dust collection and cloth bag dust collection treatment of the cooled flue gas, and reforming H in the dust-removing gas after alkali absorption of the dust-removing gas 2 With CO in a volume ratio of 1.6:1, inUnder the conditions of 270 ℃ and 2.0Mpa, adding an iron-based catalyst to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, further refining and processing the product into an oil product, and extracting and recovering volatile metals from the soot;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (3) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 1030 ℃, separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode slime, and extracting and recycling rare noble metals from the anode slime, wherein the Cu recovery rate is 98.46%, the Au recovery rate is 99.86% and the Ag recovery rate is 98.43% through detection.
Example 3: a comprehensive recycling treatment method of electronic waste comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: firstly cutting and crushing the waste mobile phone into electronic waste granules with the particle size of 0.1-3 mm, uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a bonding agent according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.1, and adopting N 2 The protected indirect heating sintering mode is sintered at 780 ℃ to obtain sintered blocks, and sintering gas is generated at the same time; wherein the slag former is formed by mixing limestone and quartz sand according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the binder is clay;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and coke obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace according to the mass ratio of 1:1, enabling the sintered blocks and the coke to be longitudinally and alternately arranged in a layered mode, collecting sintering gas generated in the step 1), mixing the sintering gas with oxygen-enriched air, introducing the mixture into a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment, controlling the temperature of a smelting belt to be 1520-1570 ℃, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, discharging the obtained smelting liquid from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body, wherein the temperature of the smelting flue gas at an air outlet is 1020 ℃;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: rapidly cooling the smelting flue gas obtained in the step 2) to below 200 ℃, recovering heat released in the quenching process by using a waste heat boiler, separating dust-removing gas and soot after cyclone dust collection and cloth bag dust collection treatment of the cooled flue gas, and reforming H in the dust-removing gas after alkali absorption of the dust-removing gas 2 The volume ratio of the catalyst to CO is 1.8:1,under 230 ℃ and 2.0Mpa, adding cobalt-based catalyst to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, further refining the product into an oil product, and extracting and recovering volatile metals from the soot;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (2) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 1100 ℃, separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode mud, and extracting and recycling rare noble metals from the anode mud, wherein the recovery rate of Cu is 99.46%, the recovery rate of Au is 99.93%, the recovery rate of Ag is 99.76% and the recovery rate of platinum group metal is 99.30%.
Example 4: a comprehensive recycling treatment method of electronic waste comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: firstly cutting and crushing the waste mobile phone into electronic waste granules with the particle size of 15-20 mm, uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a binder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.1:0.3, and adopting N 2 The protected indirect heating sintering mode is sintered at 500 ℃ to obtain sintered blocks, and sintering gas is generated at the same time; wherein, the slag former is formed by mixing calcite and magnesite according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the binder is formed by mixing lime and paraffin according to the mass ratio of 1:1;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and coke obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5, enabling the sintered blocks and the coke to be longitudinally and alternately arranged in a layered mode, collecting sintering gas generated in the step 1), mixing the sintering gas with oxygen-enriched air, introducing the mixture into a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment, controlling the temperature of a smelting belt to be 1400-1450 ℃, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, discharging the obtained smelting liquid from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body, wherein the temperature of the smelting flue gas at an air outlet is 800 ℃;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: rapidly cooling the smelting flue gas obtained in the step 2) to below 200 ℃, recovering heat released in the quenching process by using a waste heat boiler, and separating dust-removing gas and soot after cyclone dust collection and cloth bag dust collection treatment of the cooled flue gasAfter the dust-removing gas is absorbed by alkali, H in the dust-removing gas is reformed 2 Adding cobalt-based catalyst to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at 250deg.C and 2.0Mpa with CO volume ratio of 1.6:1, further refining to obtain oil product, and extracting and recovering volatile metal from ash;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (3) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 1200 ℃, separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode mud, and extracting and recycling rare noble metals from the anode mud, wherein the recovery rate of Cu is 99.56%, the recovery rate of Au is 99.94%, the recovery rate of Ag is 99.77% and the recovery rate of platinum group metal is 99.35%.
Example 5: a comprehensive recycling treatment method of electronic waste comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: firstly cutting and crushing the waste computer main board into electronic waste granules with the particle size of 0.1-2 mm, uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a binder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.6:0.1, and adopting N 2 The protected indirect heating sintering mode is sintered at 800 ℃ to obtain sintered blocks, and sintering gas is generated at the same time; wherein the slag former is formed by mixing limestone and serpentine according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the binder is diatomite;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and coke obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5, enabling the sintered blocks and the coke to be longitudinally and alternately arranged in a layered mode, collecting sintering gas generated in the step 1), mixing the sintering gas with oxygen-enriched air, introducing the mixture into a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment, controlling the temperature of a smelting belt to be 1550-1600 ℃, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, discharging the obtained smelting flue gas at the temperature of 1200 ℃ at an air outlet, and discharging the obtained molten liquid from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: rapidly cooling the smelting flue gas obtained in the step 2) to below 200 ℃, recovering heat released in the quenching process by using a waste heat boiler, and collecting dust from the cooled flue gas by cyclone dust collection Separating dust-removing gas and ash after cloth bag dust collection treatment, and reforming H in the dust-removing gas after alkali absorption 2 Adding iron-based catalyst to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at 250deg.C and 2.0Mpa with CO volume ratio of 1.8:1, further refining to obtain oil product, and extracting and recovering volatile metal from ash;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (2) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 1000 ℃, separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode mud, and extracting and recycling rare noble metals from the anode mud, wherein the recovery rate of Cu is 99.61%, the recovery rate of Au is 99.95%, the recovery rate of Ag is 99.79% and the recovery rate of platinum group metal is 99.45%.
Example 6: a comprehensive recycling treatment method of electronic waste comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: firstly cutting and crushing the waste computer main board into electronic waste granules with the particle size of 0.1-2 mm, uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a binder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.3:0.2, and adopting N 2 The protected indirect heating sintering mode is sintered at 800 ℃ to obtain sintered blocks, and sintering gas is generated at the same time; wherein the slag former is formed by mixing magnesite and serpentine according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the binder is paraffin;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and coke obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, enabling the sintered blocks and the coke to be longitudinally and alternately arranged in a layered mode, collecting sintering gas generated in the step 1), mixing the sintering gas with oxygen-enriched air, introducing the mixture into a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment, controlling the temperature of a smelting belt to 1550-1600 ℃, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, controlling the temperature of the smelting flue gas at an air outlet to be 1000 ℃, and discharging obtained molten liquid from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: rapidly cooling the smelting flue gas obtained in the step 2) to below 200 ℃, wherein heat released in the quenching process adopts a waste heat boilerRecovering, separating dust-removing gas and ash from cooled flue gas after cyclone dust collection and cloth bag dust collection treatment, and reforming H in the flue gas after alkali absorption of the dust-removing gas 2 Adding iron-based catalyst to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at 250deg.C and 2.0Mpa with CO volume ratio of 1.8:1, further refining to obtain oil product, and extracting and recovering volatile metal from ash;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (2) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 1150 ℃, separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode mud, and extracting and recycling rare noble metals from the anode mud, wherein the recovery rate of Cu is 99.61%, the recovery rate of Au is 99.95%, the recovery rate of Ag is 99.79% and the recovery rate of platinum group metal is 99.45%.
Example 7: a comprehensive recycling treatment method of electronic waste comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: firstly cutting and crushing the waste computer main board into electronic waste granules with the particle size of 2-10 mm, uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a binder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.2:0.1, and adopting N 2 The protected indirect heating sintering mode is sintered at 700 ℃ to obtain sintered blocks, and sintering gas is generated at the same time; wherein the slag former is formed by mixing magnesite and serpentine according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the binder is paraffin;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and coke obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace according to the mass ratio of 1:0.6, enabling the sintered blocks and the coke to be longitudinally and alternately arranged in a layered mode, collecting sintering gas generated in the step 1), mixing the sintering gas with oxygen-enriched air, introducing the mixture into a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment, controlling the temperature of a smelting belt to 1550-1600 ℃, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, controlling the temperature of the smelting flue gas at an air outlet to be 1000 ℃, and discharging obtained molten liquid from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: rapidly cooling the smelting flue gas obtained in the step 2) to below 200 ℃, The heat released in the quenching process is recovered by adopting a waste heat boiler, the cooled flue gas is subjected to cyclone dust collection and cloth bag dust collection treatment to separate dust removing gas and soot, and H in the dust removing gas is reformed after the dust removing gas is absorbed by alkali 2 Adding iron-based catalyst to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at 250deg.C and 2.0Mpa with CO volume ratio of 1.8:1, further refining to obtain oil product, and extracting and recovering volatile metal from ash;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (2) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 1150 ℃, separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode mud, and extracting and recycling rare noble metals from the anode mud, wherein the recovery rate of Cu is 99.75%, the recovery rate of Au is 99.96%, the recovery rate of Ag is 99.81% and the recovery rate of platinum group metal is 99.51%.
Example 8: a comprehensive recycling treatment method of electronic waste comprises the following steps:
1) Sintering the granules: firstly cutting and crushing the waste computer main board into electronic waste granules with the particle size of 5-8 mm, uniformly mixing the electronic waste granules with a slagging agent and a binder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.2:0.2, and adopting N 2 The protected indirect heating sintering mode is sintered at 600 ℃ to obtain sintered blocks, and sintering gas is generated at the same time; wherein the slag former is formed by mixing dolomite and quartz sand according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the binder is paraffin;
2) Plasma gasification smelting: alternately putting the sintered blocks and coke obtained in the step 1) into a plasma gasification smelting furnace according to the mass ratio of 1:1.1, enabling the sintered blocks and the coke to be longitudinally and alternately arranged in a layered mode, collecting sintering gas generated in the step 1), mixing the sintering gas with oxygen-enriched air, introducing the mixture into a blast port at the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment, controlling the temperature of a smelting belt to be 1500-1550 ℃, discharging generated smelting flue gas from an air outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, discharging the obtained smelting liquid from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the furnace body, wherein the temperature of the smelting flue gas at an air outlet is 900 ℃;
3) Smelting flue gas to prepare oil: the step 2) is carried outThe smelting flue gas is rapidly cooled to below 200 ℃, heat released in the quenching process is recovered by adopting a waste heat boiler, dust-removing gas and ash are separated after cyclone dust collection and cloth bag dust collection treatment of the cooled flue gas, and H in the dust-removing gas is reformed after alkali absorption of the dust-removing gas 2 Adding iron-based catalyst to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at 250deg.C and 2.0Mpa with CO volume ratio of 1.8:1, further refining to obtain oil product, and extracting and recovering volatile metal from ash;
4) Recovery of valuable metals: and (2) carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the molten liquid obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 1150 ℃, separating slag and molten metal liquid under the action of gravity, collecting the slag and using the slag as a building material, carrying out ingot casting and electrolytic treatment on the molten metal liquid to obtain a cathode copper product and anode mud, and extracting and recycling rare noble metals from the anode mud, wherein the recovery rate of Cu is 99.62%, the recovery rate of Au is 99.96%, the recovery rate of Ag is 99.82% and the recovery rate of platinum group metal is 99.49%.
A system for realizing the comprehensive recycling treatment method of the electronic waste comprises a pretreatment device 1, a plasma gasification smelting device 2, a flue gas recycling device 3 and a valuable metal extraction device 4; the air outlet of the pretreatment device 1 is connected with a blast orifice of the plasma gasification smelting device 2, and the discharge orifice of the pretreatment device 1 is connected with a feed inlet of the plasma gasification smelting device 2; the flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification smelting device 2 is connected with the gas inlet of the flue gas recycling device 3, and the melt outlet of the plasma gasification smelting device 2 is connected with the liquid inlet of the valuable metal extraction device 4.
The pretreatment device 1 includes a raw material bin 101, a first conveyor 102, a shearing crusher 103, a second conveyor 104, a slag former bin 105, a third conveyor 106, a binder bin 107, a fourth conveyor 108, a mixer 109, a fifth conveyor 110, a closed sintering machine 111, a sixth conveyor 112, a sintering machine heating furnace 113, a sintering tail gas collector 114, a sintering tail gas pipe 115, an oxygen-making station 117, an oxygen-enriched pipe 118, a gas mixing bin 120, an air intake pipe 121, a coke bin 122, and a seventh conveyor 123;
Raw material bin 101, first conveyor 102, shearsThe cutting and crushing machine 103 and the second conveyor 104 are sequentially connected, a discharge port of the slag former bin 105 is connected with a feed end of the third conveyor 106, a discharge port of the binder bin 107 is connected with a feed end of the fourth conveyor 108, and a discharge port of the second conveyor 104, a discharge port of the third conveyor 106 and a discharge port of the fourth conveyor 108 are connected with a feed port of the mixer 109; the second conveyor 104, the third conveyor 106, the fourth conveyor 108, the sixth conveyor 112, and the seventh conveyor 123 are conveyors with weighing and metering devices, and the closed sintering machine 111 adopts N 2 Protecting the indirectly heated sintering machine; a CO detection device and O are arranged in the gas mixing bin 120 2 And a detection device.
The discharge port of the mixer 109, the fifth conveyor 110, the closed sintering machine 111 and the sixth conveyor 112 are sequentially connected, the air inlet of the sintering tail gas collector 114 is connected with the air outlet of the closed sintering machine 111, the air outlet of the sintering tail gas collector 114 is connected with the tail gas inlet of the gas mixing bin 120 through a sintering tail gas pipeline 115, and a first flowmeter 116 is arranged on a pipeline of the sintering tail gas pipeline 115; the gas outlet of the oxygen generating station 117 is connected with the oxygen inlet of the gas mixing bin 120 through an oxygen-enriched pipeline 118, and a second flowmeter 119 is arranged on the pipeline of the oxygen-enriched pipeline 118; the discharge port of the coke bin 122 is connected to the feed end of the seventh conveyor 123.
In the above technical solution, the plasma gasification smelting device 2 includes a plasma furnace 201, a melt chute 202, and a flue gas pipeline 203; the plasma furnace 201 is provided with a feed port a, a blast port b, a melt outlet d and a flue gas outlet e; the discharge end of the sixth conveyor 112 and the discharge end of the seventh conveyor 123 are connected with a feed inlet a of the plasma furnace 201, the gas outlet of the gas mixing bin 120 is connected with a blast port b of the plasma furnace 201 through a gas inlet pipeline 121, a melt outlet d of the plasma furnace 201 is connected with a liquid inlet of the melt chute 202, and a flue gas outlet e of the plasma furnace 201 is connected with a gas inlet of the flue gas pipeline 203.
In the above technical solution, the flue gas outlet e is disposed at the top of the plasma furnace 201, the melt outlet d is disposed at the bottom of the plasma furnace 201, the tuyere b is disposed in the middle of the plasma furnace 201, and the feed inlet a is disposed between the flue gas outlet e and the tuyere b; the blast ports b are arranged in a single layer or a double layer along the longitudinal direction of the plasma furnace 201, and the number of each layer is 3-12; the number of the exhaust ports e is 1-4, and the front section of the exhaust pipe connected with the exhaust ports e is provided with 2-6 stages of baffles. The lower portion of the plasma furnace 201 is provided with plasma torches c along its circumferential direction, the plasma torches c being located between the tuyere b and the melt outlet d and being 3 to 12 in number.
In the above technical solution, the flue gas recycling apparatus 3 includes a pure water tank 301, a quenching tower 302, a hot water pipeline 303, a filter 304, a waste heat boiler 305, a first gas pipeline 307, a cyclone dust collector 308, a second gas pipeline 310, a bag dust collector 311, a third gas pipeline 313, an alkali absorption tower 314, a fourth gas pipeline 315, a water vapor reforming tower 316, a fifth gas pipeline 317, a fischer-tropsch synthesis tower 318, a gas circulation pipeline 319, a primary oil product pipeline 320, a refined distillation tower 321, and a product oil output pipeline 322; the water outlet of the pure water tank 301 is connected with a cold water inlet at the upper part of the quenching tower 302, the air outlet of the flue gas pipeline 203 is connected with an air inlet at the lower part of the quenching tower 302, and a hot water outlet at the bottom of the quenching tower 302 is sequentially connected with the filter 304 and the waste heat boiler 305 through a hot water pipeline 303; the exhaust port at the top of the quenching tower 302 is sequentially connected with a first gas pipeline 307, a cyclone dust collector 308, a second gas pipeline 310, a bag dust collector 311, a third gas pipeline 313, an alkali absorption tower 314, a fourth gas pipeline 315, a water vapor reforming tower 316, a fifth gas pipeline 317, a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower 318, a primary oil product pipeline 320, a refined distillation tower 321 and a finished oil output pipeline 322; the gas outlet at the top of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis column 318 is connected to the gas inlet of the steam reforming column 316 by a gas recycle conduit 319. The flue gas recycling device 3 further comprises a sludge bin 306, a primary ash collecting bin 309 and a secondary ash collecting bin 312, wherein the sludge bin 306 is arranged at the bottom of the filter 304 and is opposite to the sludge outlet of the filter; the primary ash collection bin 309 is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 308 and is arranged opposite to the ash outlet of the cyclone dust collector; the secondary ash collection bin 312 is arranged at the bottom of the bag dust collector 311 and is arranged opposite to the ash outlet.
In the technical scheme, the valuable metal extracting device 4 comprises a heat preservation furnace 401, an alloy chute 402, a disc ingot casting machine 403, a transfer device 404, an electrolytic tank 405, a slag chute 406 and a glass wire drawing machine 407; a liquid outlet of the melt chute 202 is connected with a liquid inlet at the top of the heat preservation furnace 401, an alloy outlet at the bottom of the heat preservation furnace 401 is sequentially connected with the alloy chute 402 and the disc ingot casting machine 403, and a transfer device 404 is arranged between the disc ingot casting machine 403 and the electrolytic tank 405; the anode plate produced by the disc ingot casting machine 403 is transported to an electrolytic tank 405 through a transfer device 404, and a slag outlet at the upper part of the holding furnace 401 is sequentially connected with a slag chute 406 and a glass wire drawing machine 407.
In the foregoing, only the embodiments of the present invention have been described, and it should be noted that any changes and substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an electronic waste comprehensive resource treatment system, includes preprocessing device (1), plasma gasification smelting device (2), flue gas resourceful treatment device (3) and valuable metal extraction element (4), its characterized in that: the air outlet of the pretreatment device (1) is connected with a blast orifice of the plasma gasification smelting device (2), and the discharge orifice of the pretreatment device (1) is connected with a feed inlet of the plasma gasification smelting device (2); the flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification smelting device (2) is connected with the gas inlet of the flue gas recycling device (3), and the melt outlet of the plasma gasification smelting device (2) is connected with the liquid inlet of the valuable metal extraction device (4);
The pretreatment device (1) comprises a raw material bin (101), a first conveyor (102), a shearing crusher (103), a second conveyor (104), a slag former bin (105), a third conveyor (106), a binder bin (107), a fourth conveyor (108), a mixer (109), a fifth conveyor (110), a closed sintering machine (111), a sixth conveyor (112), a sintering machine heating furnace (113), a sintering tail gas collector (114), a sintering tail gas pipeline (115), an oxygen production station (117), an oxygen enrichment pipeline (118), a gas mixing bin (120), an air inlet pipeline (121), a coke bin (122) and a seventh conveyor (123);
the device comprises a raw material bin (101), a first conveyor (102), a shearing crusher (103) and a second conveyor (104), wherein a discharge port of the slag former bin (105) is connected with a feed end of a third conveyor (106), a discharge port of the binder bin (107) is connected with a feed end of a fourth conveyor (108), and a discharge end of the second conveyor (104), a discharge end of the third conveyor (106) and a discharge end of the fourth conveyor (108) are connected with a feed port of the mixer (109);
the discharge port of the mixer (109), the fifth conveyor (110), the closed sintering machine (111) and the sixth conveyor (112) are sequentially connected, the air inlet of the sintering tail gas collector (114) is connected with the air outlet of the closed sintering machine (111), and the air outlet of the sintering tail gas collector (114) is connected with the tail gas inlet of the gas mixing bin (120) through a sintering tail gas pipeline (115); the gas outlet of the oxygen generating station (117) is connected with the oxygen inlet of the gas mixing bin (120) through an oxygen-enriched pipeline (118), and the discharge port of the coke bin (122) is connected with the feed end of the seventh conveyor (123); a first flowmeter (116) is arranged on a pipeline of the sintering tail gas pipeline (115); a second flowmeter (119) is arranged on the pipeline of the oxygen enrichment pipeline (118).
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the plasma gasification smelting device (2) comprises a plasma furnace (201), a molten liquid chute (202) and a flue gas pipeline (203);
the plasma furnace (201) is provided with a feed inlet (a), a blast orifice (b), a melt outlet (d) and a flue gas outlet (e); the discharge end of the sixth conveyor (112) and the discharge end of the seventh conveyor (123) are connected with a feed inlet (a) of the plasma furnace (201), an air outlet of the air mixing bin (120) is connected with a blast port (b) of the plasma furnace (201) through an air inlet pipeline (121), a melt outlet (d) of the plasma furnace (201) is connected with a liquid inlet of the melt chute (202), and a flue gas outlet (e) of the plasma furnace (201) is connected with an air inlet of the flue gas pipeline (203).
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: the flue gas outlet (e) is arranged at the top of the plasma furnace (201), the melt outlet (d) is arranged at the bottom of the plasma furnace (201), the blast orifice (b) is arranged at the middle part of the plasma furnace (201), and the feed inlet (a) is arranged between the flue gas outlet (e) and the blast orifice (b); the blast ports (b) are arranged in a single layer or a double layer along the longitudinal direction of the plasma furnace (201); the lower part of the plasma furnace (201) is provided with a plurality of plasma torches (c) along the circumference thereof, and the plasma torches (c) are positioned between the blast orifice (b) and the melt outlet (d).
4. A system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the flue gas recycling device (3) comprises a pure water tank (301), a quenching tower (302), a hot water pipeline (303), a filter (304), a waste heat boiler (305), a first gas pipeline (307), a cyclone dust collector (308), a second gas pipeline (310), a cloth bag dust collector (311), a third gas pipeline (313), an alkali absorption tower (314), a fourth gas pipeline (315), a water vapor reforming tower (316), a fifth gas pipeline (317), a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower (318), a gas circulation pipeline (319), a primary oil product pipeline (320), a refined distillation tower (321) and a finished product oil output pipeline (322);
the water outlet of the pure water tank (301) is connected with a cold water inlet at the upper part of the quenching tower (302), the air outlet of the flue gas pipeline (203) is connected with an air inlet at the lower part of the quenching tower (302), and a hot water outlet at the bottom of the quenching tower (302) is sequentially connected with the filter (304) and the waste heat boiler (305) through a hot water pipeline (303);
an exhaust port at the top of the quenching tower (302) is sequentially connected with a first gas pipeline (307), a cyclone dust collector (308), a second gas pipeline (310), a bag dust collector (311), a third gas pipeline (313), an alkali absorption tower (314), a fourth gas pipeline (315), a steam reforming tower (316), a fifth gas pipeline (317), a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower (318), a primary oil product pipeline (320), a refined distillation tower (321) and a finished oil output pipeline (322); an air outlet at the top of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower (318) is connected with an air inlet of the steam reforming tower (316) through a gas circulation pipeline (319).
5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: the flue gas recycling device (3) further comprises a sludge bin (306), a primary ash collecting bin (309) and a secondary ash collecting bin (312), wherein the sludge bin (306) is arranged at the bottom of the filter (304) and is opposite to the sludge outlet of the filter; the primary ash collection bin (309) is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector (308) and is opposite to the ash outlet of the cyclone dust collector; the secondary ash collecting bin (312) is arranged at the bottom of the bag dust collector (311) and is opposite to the ash outlet.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein: the valuable metal extraction device (4) comprises a heat preservation furnace (401), an alloy chute (402), a disc ingot casting machine (403), a transfer device (404), an electrolytic tank (405), a slag chute (406) and a glass wire drawing machine (407);
the liquid outlet of the molten liquid chute (202) is connected with the liquid inlet at the top of the heat preservation furnace (401), the alloy outlet at the bottom of the heat preservation furnace (401) is sequentially connected with the alloy chute (402) and the disc ingot casting machine (403), and the transfer device (404) is arranged between the disc ingot casting machine (403) and the electrolytic tank (405); the slag outlet at the upper part of the holding furnace (401) is sequentially connected with the slag chute (406) and the glass wire drawing machine (407).
7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the second conveyor (104), the third conveyor (106), the fourth conveyor (108), the sixth conveyor (112) and the seventh conveyor (123) are conveyors with weighing and metering devices; the closed sintering machine (111) adopts N 2 Protecting the sintering machine with indirect heating.
CN201710757314.XA 2017-08-29 2017-08-29 Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste Active CN107470327B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710757314.XA CN107470327B (en) 2017-08-29 2017-08-29 Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste
PCT/CN2018/100982 WO2019042157A1 (en) 2017-08-29 2018-08-17 Comprehensive resourceful treatment system for electronic waste and method therefor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710757314.XA CN107470327B (en) 2017-08-29 2017-08-29 Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107470327A CN107470327A (en) 2017-12-15
CN107470327B true CN107470327B (en) 2023-11-03

Family

ID=60602903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710757314.XA Active CN107470327B (en) 2017-08-29 2017-08-29 Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107470327B (en)
WO (1) WO2019042157A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107470327B (en) * 2017-08-29 2023-11-03 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste
CN107377598B (en) * 2017-08-29 2023-05-26 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 Electronic waste recycling system
CN108772407B (en) * 2018-06-22 2024-01-05 长沙中硅环保科技有限公司 System and method for cooperatively disposing waste lithium ion batteries by cement kiln
CN109943712B (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-10-27 青海际华江源实业有限公司 Chromium mineral powder sintering method and sintering system
CN110508116A (en) * 2019-09-19 2019-11-29 中节能工程技术研究院有限公司 Waste printed circuit board melting gas cleaning recovery system
CN111468504A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-07-31 海湾环境科技（北京）股份有限公司 Solid waste treatment apparatus and solid waste treatment method
WO2021212251A1 (en) * 2020-04-20 2021-10-28 力玄科技(上海)有限公司 Production line for resource utilization of solid waste and hazardous waste using plasma melting furnace
EP4134178A4 (en) * 2020-05-21 2023-12-06 Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. Waste processing system
CN111909728A (en) * 2020-08-13 2020-11-10 山东魏桥铝电有限公司 System, method and application for gasification treatment of waste cathode carbon blocks of aluminum electrolysis cell and cooperation of coal oxygen-enriched combustion
CN113278804A (en) * 2021-05-19 2021-08-20 云南驰宏资源综合利用有限公司 Device and method for treating lead anode slime by three continuous rotary furnaces
CN115672941A (en) * 2022-11-02 2023-02-03 铜陵有色设计研究院有限责任公司 Waste circuit board recovery method and tail gas treatment device
CN117385178B (en) * 2023-10-24 2024-05-07 广东鹏瑞环保资源股份有限公司 Comprehensive treatment process of complex multi-metal electronic electroplating sludge

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11319403A (en) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-24 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Decomposing treatment of pcb
AR009245A1 (en) * 1997-08-14 2000-04-12 Battelle Memorial Institute PROVISION FOR THE CONVERSION OF WASTE MATERIAL
CN1396281A (en) * 2002-06-21 2003-02-12 清华大学 Process for recovering metal and non-metal materials from copper enriched electronic waste
CN1597155A (en) * 2003-09-18 2005-03-23 中国科学院力学研究所 Method of treating waste matter using plasma electric arc technology and its device
CN1626293A (en) * 2003-12-12 2005-06-15 中国科学院力学研究所 Equipment and method of combined plasma arc and electric heat for cracking organic waste
TW200635675A (en) * 2005-04-15 2006-10-16 Zi-Wu He Method of processing waste circuit board and recycling thermal energy and the apparatus for the same
CN101055083A (en) * 2007-05-18 2007-10-17 杭州大洲物资再生利用有限公司 Blast electroslag furnace dedicated for treating electronic waste
CN200991699Y (en) * 2006-12-08 2007-12-19 王子元 Device for treating waste material using high-temperature electric arc technology
CN102211103A (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-10-12 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Method for pyrolyzing waste circuit board by using arc plasma
CN102671916A (en) * 2012-05-21 2012-09-19 宁波天地回珑再生资源科技有限公司 Recycling processing technology for waste circuit board
EP2508271A2 (en) * 2011-04-06 2012-10-10 Eko Hybres Sp. Z o.o. Method and system for retrieving metals, ecological sludge and energy from waste electronic equipment
CN105861844A (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 湖南麓云达环境科技有限公司 Comprehensive recycling method for non-ferrous metal metallurgy acidic wastewater and zinc-containing residues
CN107058747A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-08-18 中南大学 The method of oxygen-enriched top blowing copper weld pool collocation processing waste printed circuit board

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008200544A (en) * 2006-05-31 2008-09-04 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd Melt treatment method of waste
CN104624611B (en) * 2015-01-23 2016-06-22 长沙紫宸科技开发有限公司 A kind of discarded appliance circuit plate energy method for innocent treatment
CN107470327B (en) * 2017-08-29 2023-11-03 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste
CN107377598B (en) * 2017-08-29 2023-05-26 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 Electronic waste recycling system
CN207446939U (en) * 2017-08-29 2018-06-05 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 Electronic waste plasma gasification melting processing system

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AR009245A1 (en) * 1997-08-14 2000-04-12 Battelle Memorial Institute PROVISION FOR THE CONVERSION OF WASTE MATERIAL
JPH11319403A (en) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-24 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Decomposing treatment of pcb
CN1396281A (en) * 2002-06-21 2003-02-12 清华大学 Process for recovering metal and non-metal materials from copper enriched electronic waste
CN1597155A (en) * 2003-09-18 2005-03-23 中国科学院力学研究所 Method of treating waste matter using plasma electric arc technology and its device
CN1626293A (en) * 2003-12-12 2005-06-15 中国科学院力学研究所 Equipment and method of combined plasma arc and electric heat for cracking organic waste
TW200635675A (en) * 2005-04-15 2006-10-16 Zi-Wu He Method of processing waste circuit board and recycling thermal energy and the apparatus for the same
CN200991699Y (en) * 2006-12-08 2007-12-19 王子元 Device for treating waste material using high-temperature electric arc technology
CN101055083A (en) * 2007-05-18 2007-10-17 杭州大洲物资再生利用有限公司 Blast electroslag furnace dedicated for treating electronic waste
CN102211103A (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-10-12 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Method for pyrolyzing waste circuit board by using arc plasma
EP2508271A2 (en) * 2011-04-06 2012-10-10 Eko Hybres Sp. Z o.o. Method and system for retrieving metals, ecological sludge and energy from waste electronic equipment
CN102671916A (en) * 2012-05-21 2012-09-19 宁波天地回珑再生资源科技有限公司 Recycling processing technology for waste circuit board
CN105861844A (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 湖南麓云达环境科技有限公司 Comprehensive recycling method for non-ferrous metal metallurgy acidic wastewater and zinc-containing residues
CN107058747A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-08-18 中南大学 The method of oxygen-enriched top blowing copper weld pool collocation processing waste printed circuit board

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019042157A1 (en) 2019-03-07
CN107470327A (en) 2017-12-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107470327B (en) Comprehensive recycling treatment system and method for electronic waste
CN107377598B (en) Electronic waste recycling system
CN106399699B (en) A kind of handling process of copper-contained sludge
CN107828974B (en) A kind of waste printed circuit board combined treatment process
CN102363218B (en) Method for producing copper-powder-containing iron by reducing copper-containing furnace cinders directly
CN108031702B (en) Complete treatment equipment and treatment method for waste circuit board recovery
US20220119714A1 (en) A Green Resource-Generating Method Based on Thermal Mass Synergy of Waste Integrated Circuit Board
CN210085535U (en) Resource utilization system for waste incineration power generation ash
CN112934924A (en) Method for recovering iron powder by direct reduction of red mud
CN111471817A (en) Gas quenching method for improving stability of steel slag and recovering physical heat of molten steel slag
CN112111660B (en) Method for enriching lithium from lithium ore and preparing ferro-silicon alloy and recycling aluminum oxide
CN102399993A (en) Method for treating waste residue from wet method gold smelting
CN207446939U (en) Electronic waste plasma gasification melting processing system
CN102011011B (en) Method for recycling and handling low lead zinic waste residue
CN108642286B (en) Circuit board processing method
CN102492855A (en) Method for recovering valuable metal from solid waste material containing zinc
CN110093471A (en) A kind of efficient low-consume red mud method of comprehensive utilization
CN104694759B (en) Recycling method of metal-containing powder in waste printed circuit board
CN113736940A (en) Method for treating copper slag by rotary hearth furnace
CN108531742A (en) A method of Nano-Zinc and iron ore concentrate are prepared by electric furnace dust
CN214694260U (en) Direct smelting process device for iron-containing zinc-containing solid waste in iron and steel plant
CN113483339A (en) Continuous electric heating furnace and method for resourcefully treating aluminum electrolysis carbon electrode waste
CN109487028B (en) Double-flash supergravity slag financial division comprehensive recovery method for neodymium iron boron waste
CN113502401B (en) Method for degrading dioxin in waste incineration fly ash and recycling zinc, indium and lead elements
CN110564969B (en) Method for comprehensively recovering lead, zinc and iron in blast furnace gas ash

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant