CN107422239A - The more dash current discharge test device and methods of soil - Google Patents
The more dash current discharge test device and methods of soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN107422239A CN107422239A CN201710890345.2A CN201710890345A CN107422239A CN 107422239 A CN107422239 A CN 107422239A CN 201710890345 A CN201710890345 A CN 201710890345A CN 107422239 A CN107422239 A CN 107422239A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of more dash current discharge test device and methods of soil, belong to power system grounding characteristics experimental technique field.Apparatus of the present invention mainly include more impulse current generator main body capacitives, more impulse current generator control systems, ball discharge gap group, batching sphere gap, time delay controller, analogue ground sandbox, core-theaded type current sensor, impulse voltage divider, wide band digital oscillograph etc.；The inventive method is the progress more dash current discharge tests of soil on the basis of apparatus of the present invention.The present invention can realize more impulse current waveforms output of individually controllable, the more dash current time interval continuously adjustabe of waveform parameter, it can be widely applied to the lower earthed system flash-over characteristic research of more dash current effects, and the development and observation of the more shock simulation experiments of other thunders and lightnings.The present invention has the output function of the adjustable more dash currents of time interval, can more be bonded actual thunder and lightning situation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power system grounding characteristics experimental technique field, particularly a kind of more dash current electric discharge examinations of soil
Experiment device and its method.
Background technology
One of an important factor for impulsive discharge characteristic of earthed system is guarantee power system security reliability service, research connects
Ground system and the impulsive discharge characteristic of soil media are just particularly important.The punching such as actual thunder and lightning is simulated using impulse current generator
The source of hitting is one of important means for studying soil impulsive discharge characteristic.
Now there are some researches show thunder and lightning has the characteristic of first breakdown multiple discharge, and one time thunder and lighting process usually contains first
Electric discharge and repeatedly after rear counterattack, average return stroke times are 3-5 time, the time interval between fighting back twice at several milliseconds to hundreds of in the least
Between second, average time interval 60ms.
Using the one impulse function of current as driving source in earthed system impact characteristics research at present, one impulse electric current only can be with
The electric discharge first of thunder and lightning is simulated, the action effect after rear counterattack can not be considered, and soil is by soil particle, particulate interspaces
The complex media of many kinds of substance such as empty gas and water composition, under heavy impulse current effect, in the dielectric property and soil media of soil
The condition of material can change, and the change of this material condition can not recover completely within Millisecond other time, therefore
Difference be present with soil flash-over characteristic under the one impulse function of current in the soil flash-over characteristic under more dash current effects.Soil rushes more
The simulated test that thunder and lightning impacts more can be realized by hitting the exploitation of current generating apparatus.Therefore to studying the more impulsive discharge characteristics of soil
For, designing and developing for more dash current generating means is significant.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of more dash current discharge test device and methods of soil；The present apparatus can realize ripple
More impulse current waveforms output of shape parameter independent control, more dash current time interval continuously adjustabes, is more bonded actual thunder
Electric situation.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The more dash current discharge test devices of soil provided by the invention, including at least two sets individually controllable one impulse electricity
Flow-generator；The often set one impulse current feedback circuit is connected with control system with time delay respectively；The control system with time delay is used for
The discharge and recharge time of one impulse current feedback circuit is controlled, is suitable for each one impulse current feedback circuit and realizes more dash currents successively
Output.
Further, the one impulse current feedback circuit that often covers includes charge control system, impulsive discharge main body capacitive group, electricity
Dynamic ball discharge gap group, harmonic inductance, batching sphere gap and wave regulating resistor；
The impulsive discharge main body capacitive group is parallel to the output end of charge control system；The impulsive discharge main body capacitive
Group one end is connected with electronic ball discharge gap group one end；The electronic ball discharge gap group other end is electric with harmonic inductance and harmonic successively
Resistance connection；The other end of the wave regulating resistor is connected by the wave regulating resistor of batching sphere gap and another set of one impulse current feedback circuit
Connect；And using the wave regulating resistor as output port；The other end of the impulsive discharge main body capacitive group and another set of one impulse
The impulsive discharge main body capacitive group connection of current feedback circuit, and using the other end of the impulsive discharge main body capacitive group as output
Port；
The control system with time delay is connected with electronic ball discharge gap group respectively；The control system with time delay is used to control one-shot
The discharge and recharge moment of current feedback circuit is hit, is suitable for the output that each one impulse current feedback circuit realizes more dash currents successively.
Further, the charge control system includes pressure regulator, step-up transformer, silicon stack and protective resistance；
The pressure regulator end of incoming cables is connected with supply voltage；The leading-out terminal of the pressure regulator connects with step-up transformer primary side
Connect；The secondary of the step-up transformer is connected with silicon stack；The silicon stack is connected with protective resistance；The protective resistance is put with electronic
Electric ball gap group connection.
Further, the impulsive discharge main body capacitive group includes the capacitor of plural parallel stage；The silicon stack output end passes through
Charging resistor is connected with impulsive discharge main body capacitive group, for being charged to impulsive discharge main body capacitive group；The impact is put
The electric main body capacitive group other end is connected with isolation resistance and electronic ball discharge gap group successively；The isolation resistance and electronic ball discharge
The other end of the gap group public connecting end successively with another grade of capacitor is connected；Afterbody isolation resistance and electronic ball discharge gap group
Public connecting end is connected with harmonic inductance and wave regulating resistor successively, for exporting impulse current waveform.
Further, in addition to pedotheque and data collecting system；The pedotheque and data collecting system include height
Accuracy Figure oscillograph, core-theaded type current sensor, metal electrode, sandbox and impulse voltage divider；
Import and put through conductive cable and metal electrode after the one impulse current feedback circuit output port output dash current
Enter in the pedotheque in sandbox；The core-theaded type current sensor loop is enclosed on conductive cable line, and through coaxial shielded cable
Line, which is connected in high accuracy number oscillograph, to be used to gather current waveform；The terminal voltage of the metal electrode is connected to punching through wire
Voltage divider high-pressure side is hit, the impulse voltage divider signal output part is connected to the high-precision number of degrees through coaxial screening cable
Word oscillograph is used for collection voltages waveform.
Further, the control system with time delay is through optical fiber and the electric spark trigger phase with each electronic ball discharge gap group respectively
Connection.
A kind of more dash current discharge test methods of soil are additionally provided simultaneously, are comprised the following steps：
(1) test waveform parameter and pedotheque parameter are determined；The waveform parameter include the waveform wave head wave rear time and
Time interval between amplitude and more dash current ripples；
(2) joint test loop；The output end of two sets of impulse current generators is met on cable through copper strips connection,
The high-pressure side as soil discharge test on metal electrode is connected to, and is embedded among sandbox soil, copper sheet connection is covered in sandbox
Ground wire is used as earth terminal；Core-theaded type current sensor loop is enclosed on cable, is delivered to signal with coaxial shielded cable
Digital oscilloscope is to gather current waveform；Metal electrode end is connected to impulse voltage divider with plain conductor, and with coaxially
Signal is delivered to digital oscilloscope with collection voltages waveform by shielded cable；
(3) more pre- debugging of impulse current waveform output；Predeterminated voltage is set to impulse current generator respectively；Installation is corresponding
Predeterminated voltage adjusts the ball gap spacing of ball discharge gap group, then carries out charge-discharge test；
(4) connect pedotheque and data collecting system carries out more impulsive discharge experiments.
Further, the data collecting system carries out data acquisition according to a under type：
The current waveform signal in discharge loop is obtained by core-theaded type current sensor of the ring set on cable, and is passed through
Current waveform signal is delivered to progress current waveform collection in digital oscilloscope by coaxial shielded cable；
The voltage waveform on metal electrode is obtained by the impulse voltage divider being connected with electric discharge high-pressure side, and through coaxial
Signal is delivered to digital oscilloscope and carries out voltage waveform collection by shielded cable；
Voltage current waveform in digital oscilloscope is exported and stored, obtains voltage x current peak value and each moment pair
The voltage x current value answered.
Further, more pre- debugging of impulse current waveform output are specifically realized according to following steps：
1. giving the first impulse current generator setting predeterminated voltage first, ball discharge gap group is automatically adjusted according to corresponding voltage
Ball gap spacing, then to capacitance group charge, after the completion of to be charged, to ball discharge gap group convey electric discharge trigger signal discharged
Test；Such as discharge failure, the ball gap spacing of fine setting ball discharge gap group, until regular picture；
2. the second impulse current generator setting predeterminated voltage is given, between the ball gap that ball discharge gap group is adjusted according to corresponding voltage
Away from, batching sphere gap short circuit, then capacitance group is charged, after the completion of to be charged, electric discharge trigger signal conveyed to ball discharge gap group and enters
Row discharge test；Such as discharge failure, the ball gap spacing of fine setting ball discharge gap group, until regular picture；
Batching sphere gap spacing is adjusted according to corresponding voltage, then re-starts above-mentioned charge-discharge test；It is micro- such as discharge failure
Batching sphere gap spacing is adjusted, until regular picture；
3. last, setting time interval.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantage that：
The more dash current discharge test devices of soil provided by the invention realize that waveform parameter is individually controllable, more dash currents
More impulse current waveforms output of time interval continuously adjustabe, it can be widely applied to the lower earthed system electric discharge of more dash current effects
Characteristic research, and the development and observation of the more shock simulation experiments of other thunders and lightnings.The present invention has the adjustable more impacts of time interval
The output function of electric current, actual thunder and lightning situation can be more bonded, mainly there is following technique effect：
(1) present invention in more dash current generating means can between output waveform time interval continuously adjustabe more impacts
Current wave, the situation of the first breakdown multiple discharge in actual thunder and lightning situation can be simulated, and installed capacity is big, it is possible to achieve right
The amplitude High-current output of pedotheque.More it is bonded actual soil impulsive discharge situation.
(2) the control system with time delay control accuracy in the present invention is high, and controlled range is big.Can ensure to impulsive discharge this
Of short duration process carries out effective time control, produces the more impulse current waveforms for meeting experiment demand.
(3) apparatus of the present invention are laboratory test platform, can repeat to simulate the examination of actual thunderbolt situation indoors
Test research.With easy to operate, controllability height, low cost and other advantages.
(4) digital oscilloscope of apparatus of the present invention is combined using self-contained storage battery with inverter or offline ups power is powered,
When effectively can prevent that impulse current generator from discharging, laboratory earth mat current potential drastically raises and damages digital oscilloscope, punching
The generation of the measuring apparatus phenomenon such as formula current sensor.
Other advantages, target and the feature of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description to a certain extent, and
And to a certain extent, based on will be apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating hereafter, Huo Zheke
To be instructed from the practice of the present invention.The target and other advantages of the present invention can by following specification realizing and
Obtain.
Brief description of the drawings
The brief description of the drawings of the present invention is as follows.
Fig. 1 is the more dash current electric discharge device key wiring diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 more dash current electric discharge devices.
Fig. 3 is analogue ground sandbox and data collecting system structural representation.
Fig. 4 is more dash currents electric discharge triggering logical schematic.
In figure：Dash current generating means more than 1,2,3 pressure regulators, 4,5 step-up transformers, 6,7 silicon stacks, 8,9 protection water resistances,
10,11 impulse capacitor groups, 12,13 electronic ball discharge gap groups, 14,15 harmonic inductance, 16,17 wave regulating resistors, 18 timing_delay estimations
System, 19 batching sphere gaps, 20 pedotheques and data collecting system, 21 high accuracy number oscillographs, 22 core-theaded type current senses
Device, 23 metal electrodes, 24 sandboxs, 25 impulse voltage dividers, 26,27 charging resistors, 28,29 isolation resistances, 30 intelligent controls
System
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated, the more dash current discharge test devices of soil that the present embodiment provides, available for simulating actual thunder and lightning
Return stroke discharges, and is mainly used in having repeat impact discharge scenario when simulating actual thunderbolt earthed system, by impacting electricity more
Flow generating apparatus, the more impulsive discharges of soil are tested to realize；Controlled by more ball gap group isolation technologies and high-precision time-delay
Technology provides the output of heavy impulse current more than one for pedotheque load, and the time interval between more dash currents continuously may be used
Control, fill up the blank of the more impulsive discharge research fields of soil.
The present apparatus mainly includes impulsive discharge main body capacitive group, ball discharge gap group, batching sphere gap, control system with time delay, filled
Electric control system, wave regulating resistor inductance, core-theaded type current sensor, high accuracy number oscillograph etc..
Main part is two sets of individually controllable one impulse current feedback circuits, with charge control system, control system with time delay
And connection optical fiber controls the triggering discharge time of two sets of impulse current generators, so as to realize the output of more dash currents.
Two sets of one impulse current feedback circuits in the present embodiment are respectively the first one impulse current feedback circuit and one impulse electricity
Flow-generator；The first and second impulsive discharge loops can be separately constituted.
Impulsive discharge main body capacitive group, charge control system, wave regulating resistor inductance are customed product.Every rated capacitor
The optional scope of parameter is that μ F, the 1-5 platforms electric capacity of 50~150kV/2~5 is one group, two groups of common 2-10 platforms capacitors.Charge control system
The main software that computerizeds control of system, transformer, PLC control sections composition.The Ω of the Ω of wave regulating resistor Standard resistance range 10~5000, adjust
The μ H of ripple inductance 0~200.
Ball discharge gap group is customed product.The concrete specification is electronic 1~5 grade of ball discharge gap group, and every grade of ball gap is corresponding one
Capacitor, capacitance group is in parallel during charging, and every grade of ball gap isolates a capacitance voltage.Electric discharge is connected in series mode using electric capacity, with
Electric spark touches multi-stage ball gap cascade discharge.
A batching sphere gap is provided with the second impulsive discharge loop, batching sphere gap is customed product, so as to isolate the first punching
Current potential lifting caused by hitting electric discharge, linkage is avoided to discharge.Batching sphere gap spacing continuously adjustabe between 0~150mm.Working model
There are two kinds of nature electric discharge and electric spark triggering electric discharge optional.
Control system with time delay is customed product.Its time delay controlled range is 0~5000ms, the control accuracy of time delay controller
For nanosecond, it is contemplated that the linkage delay between each equipment, so as to realize the adjustable essence of more dash current ripple time interval Microsecond grades
Degree.
Embodiment 2
More dash current generating means that the present embodiment provides are customed product, can be operated in one impulse electric discharge and more impacts
Under both of which of discharging.Can output amplitude be instantaneously that 1-300kA is adjustable, wave front time 1-50 μ s, wave rear time 10-1000
Double Exponential current ripples.Time interval between the more dash current ripples continuously adjustabe in the range of 0-5000ms.More dash current hairs
Raw its main part of device is two sets of individually controllable one impulse current feedback circuits, with charge control system, control system with time delay with
And connection optical fiber controls the triggering discharge time of two sets of impulse current generators, so as to realize the output of more dash currents.Often cover
One impulse current feedback circuit mainly includes：Pressure regulator, step-up transformer, silicon stack, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance, impulse capacitor
Group, electronic ball discharge gap group.Intelligence control system is connected by optical fiber with pressure regulator, the end of incoming cables of pressure regulator by wire with
380V power frequency supplies are connected, and the leading-out terminal of pressure regulator and the primary side of step-up transformer are connected by wire；The pair of step-up transformer
Side is connected with silicon stack with wire；Charged through silicon stack to capacitance group.The capacitance group of impulse current generator is often covered by 1-5 platform capacitance groups
Into, it can be discharged after charging complete through ball discharge gap and harmonic inductance, wave regulating resistor, output impulse current waveform.
The ball discharge gap group is customed product.Control system is connected through optical fiber with ball discharge gap group, according to setting voltage
Grade Intelligent adjustment ball gap spacing, to ensure that dash current normally exports.When electric capacity charges, charge circuit work, capacitance group is simultaneously
Connection connection charging, the corresponding capacitor of every grade of ball gap, the voltage for coordinating isolation resistance to isolate on an electric capacity.Charging complete
Afterwards, control system conveys trigger signal to produce an electricity fire between ball gap through optical fiber to the spark trigger of ball discharge gap group
Flower, ball discharge gap group are triggered by spark ignition, and discharge loop works when electric capacity discharges, and capacitance group uses and is connected in series mode,
Multi-stage ball gap cascade discharge is triggered with electric spark.So that capacitance group is discharged through harmonic inductance, wave regulating resistor, it is set so as to export
The dash current ripple of parameter.
The control system with time delay of more impulse current generators is customed product.Through electricity after more impulse current waveform outputs
Cable and metal electrode are imported in pedotheque.Using fine sand soil as pedotheque, be positioned over length of side 200-1000mm not wait it is exhausted
In edge material sandbox, sandbox inner bottom surface and side are covered with copper sheet and are grounded.Realize that more dash currents discharge soil.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the more dash current discharge test devices of soil, it is mainly by impulsive discharge main body capacitive group 10
~11, ball discharge gap group 12~13, batching sphere gap 19, control system with time delay 18, charge control system 2~9, harmonic inductance 14~
15th, wave regulating resistor 16~17, core-theaded type current sensor 22, impulse voltage divider 25 and high accuracy number oscillograph 21 etc.
Composition.
Described more its main part of dash current generating means 1 is two sets of individually controllable one impulse current feedback circuits, with
When charge control system 2~9, control system with time delay 18 and connection optical fiber control the triggering of two sets of impulse current generators to discharge
Between, so as to realize the output of more dash currents.Often set one impulse current feedback circuit mainly includes：Intelligence control system, pressure regulator 2
~3, step-up transformer 4~5, silicon stack 6~7, wave regulating resistor 16~17, harmonic inductance 14~15, impulse capacitor group 10~11,
Electronic ball discharge gap group 12~13.Intelligence control system is connected by optical fiber with pressure regulator 2~3, the end of incoming cables of pressure regulator 2~3
It is connected by wire with 380V power frequency supplies, the primary side of the leading-out terminal and step-up transformer 4~5 of pressure regulator 2~3 is connected by wire
Connect；The secondary of step-up transformer 4~5 is connected with silicon stack 6~7 with wire；Through silicon stack 6~7 and charging resistor 26~27 to electric capacity
The charging of group 10~11.The capacitance group for often covering impulse current generator is made up of 1-5 platform electric capacity, can be through ball discharge gap after charging complete
Group 12~13 and harmonic inductance 14~15, wave regulating resistor 16~17 discharge, and export impulse current waveform.
Described its The concrete specification of ball discharge gap group 12~13 is electronic 5 grades of ball discharges gap group.Control system is through optical fiber with putting
Electric ball gap group 12~13 connects, according to setting voltage class Intelligent adjustment ball gap spacing, to ensure that dash current normally exports.Often
The corresponding capacitor of level ball gap, capacitance group is in parallel during charging, and every grade of ball gap coordinates isolation resistance 28~29 to isolate an electric capacity
On voltage.After charging complete, control system conveys trigger signal through optical fiber to the spark trigger of ball discharge gap group 12~13
To produce an electric spark between ball gap, ball discharge gap group 12~13 triggers by spark ignition, uses electric capacity string during electric discharge
Join connected mode, 5 grades of ball gap cascade discharges are triggered with electric spark.So that capacitance group 10~11 is through harmonic inductance 14~15, harmonic
Resistance 16~17 discharges, so as to export the dash current ripple of set parameter.
The control system with time delay 18 of more impulse current generators through optical fiber with respectively with two sets of impulsive discharge ball gap groups
12~13 electric spark trigger is connected.The control system with time delay 18 has autonomous triggering and detection two kinds of Working moulds of triggering
Formula.When being operated in autonomous triggering pattern, when trigger signal is delivered to control system with time delay 18, handled by control system with time delay 18
And export two paths of signals and deliver to two sets of ball discharge gap groups 12~13 respectively, two paths of signals has set time delay, so as to
The triggering discharge time of two sets of ball discharge gap groups 12~13 is controlled, being allowed to electric discharge has the time difference, realizes the defeated of more dash currents
Go out.When being operated in detection triggering pattern, when trigger signal is delivered to control system with time delay 18, control system with time delay 18 is directly sent
Triggered to the first impulsive discharge ball gap group 12 and discharge and discharge scenario is detected, when the first impulsive discharge success, time delay
Control system 18 can receive feedback signal, and using this moment as beginning, to the second impulsive discharge ball gap group 13 after providing time delay
Trigger signal is conveyed, realizes the second impulsive discharge.Specific time delay can write time delay by computer software before discharge
Among control system 18, its time delay controlled range is 0~5000ms, and the control accuracy of control system with time delay 18 is nanosecond, is considered
Time delay between each device, so as to realize output of the precision for more dash currents at the different time interval of Microsecond grade.
Described its major function of batching sphere gap 19 is current potential caused by the first impulsive discharge during the more impulsive discharges of isolation
The influence that lifting is discharged subsequent impacts.An instantaneous current potential lifting can be produced during the first impulsive discharge on pedotheque,
The distortion of the second impulsive discharge ball gap both end voltage is caused so as to impact while discharge with first, timing_delay estimation failure.Increase isolation
Ball gap can effectively solve this problem.Between batching sphere gap 19 spacing be set as the corresponding isolation of the first impact output voltage away from
From, and have -30~+30mm regulation domain degree, its satisfaction had both been isolated the influence of current potential lifting on pedotheque, and not shadow
Ring the regular picture of the second dash current.
Imported after more impulse current waveform outputs through cable and metal electrode 23 in pedotheque.Using fine sand soil as
Pedotheque, it is positioned in length of side 200*200*200mm insulating materials sandbox 24, the inner bottom surface of sandbox 24 and side are covered with copper sheet
And it is grounded.A length of 100mm metal electrodes 23 are disposed vertically in the center of sandbox 24.Realize that more dash currents discharge soil.Punching
The ring set of formula current sensor 22 is connected to high accuracy number oscillograph 21 through coaxial screening cable and used on conductive cable line
To gather current waveform.The terminal voltage of metal electrode 23 is connected to the high-pressure side of impulse voltage divider 25, surge voltage point through wire
The signal output part of depressor 25 is connected to high accuracy number oscillograph 21 to collection voltages waveform through coaxial screening cable.
The high-precision oscillograph 21 uses module purchased in market, 4 independent signal acquisition passages, with a width of 50-200MHz, in real time
Sample rate 0-2GSa/s, storage depth 1k-24Mpts, it can guarantee that the precision and length of collection signal.The high accuracy number shows
The power supply of ripple device is self-contained storage battery and inverter integrated drive generator or offline ups power, and this can not only improve numeral and show
The signal to noise ratio for the signal that ripple device obtains, and when can prevent that impulse current generator from discharging, heavy impulse current causes to test with entering
Room earth mat current potential drastically raises and damages digital oscilloscope.
The size dimension for the experiment sandbox 24 that the present embodiment provides is 300*200*200mm, is made with insulating materials.Sandbox
24 inner bottom surfaces and side are covered with copper sheet and are grounded.A length of 100mm metal electrode 23 is placed horizontally at the center of sandbox 24.
The size dimension for the experiment sandbox 24 that the present embodiment provides is 1000*200*200mm, is made with insulating materials.It is husky
The inner bottom surface of box 24 and side are covered with copper sheet and are grounded.A length of 800mm metal electrode 23 is placed horizontally at the center of sandbox 24.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides the more dash current discharge test methods of soil, using the device, through determining that waveform and soil are joined
Number, joint test loop, the output of more impulse current waveforms are debugged, carry out the steps such as more impulsive discharge experiments and data acquisition in advance
The more impulsive discharge experiments of soil are carried out, its concrete scheme and pre- debugging step are as follows：
(1) test waveform parameter and pedotheque parameter are determined
Test waveform parameter and pedotheque parameter are determined according to test requirements document and planning first.Wherein waveform parameter is main
Including：Time between wave head wave rear time of first and second dash current ripple, dash current amplitude and more dash currents
Interval；Pedotheque parameter mainly includes soil type, soil resistivity, sandbox and electrode size.
1. determine waveform wave head wave rear time and amplitude.By adjusting the first impulse current generator and the second impact respectively
When the harmonic inductance 14~15 and wave regulating resistor 16~17 of current feedback circuit can be with the wave heads of separately adjustable two impulse current waveform
Between and the wave rear time.Before regulation harmonic inductance 14~15 and wave regulating resistor 16~17, by simulation software or it can calculate public
Formula determines its reference value.Dash current wave amplitude is adjusted by the charging voltage for changing discharge capacity group 10~11；
2. determine the time interval between more dash current ripples.Before charging starts, by control system with time delay 18
Time delay needed for middle write-in sets the time interval between more dash currents.
3. determine soil parameters.The species and sandbox 24, the size of metal electrode 23 of soil are determined according to test requirements document.
Soil resistivity is adjusted by the water content and salt content that adjust soil.Cleaning is carried out to pedotheque first and removes admissible salt
Composition, repeatedly clearly to cleaning solution salinity close to 0；Then drying is carried out to pedotheque and removes soil moisture；Most followed by try
The water and salt of addition preset quality needed for testing, wherein salt are added in soil afterwards so that NaCl crystal is soluble in water.Then measure soil
Earth resistivity simultaneously records.
(2) joint test loop
After the completion of (1) step, test loop wiring is carried out according to apparatus of the present invention.By the defeated of two sets of impulse current generators
Go out to hold woven copper strips connection to meet on cable, be connected to the high-pressure side as soil discharge test on metal electrode 23,
And be embedded among the soil of sandbox 24, copper sheet connection ground wire is covered in sandbox 24 and is used as earth terminal.By core-theaded type current sensor 22
Signal is delivered to digital oscilloscope 21 to gather current waveform by ring set on cable, with coaxial shielded cable.Led with metal
The end of metal electrode 23 is connected to impulse voltage divider 25 by line, and signal is delivered into digital oscilloscope with coaxial shielded cable
21 with collection voltages waveform.
(3) more pre- debugging of impulse current waveform output
, it is necessary to be debugged in advance to invention equipment after the completion of (2) step, ensure that more dash current generating means 1 are each
After synchronization and triggered as normal between individual equipment, it can just be tested.
1. giving the first impulse current generator setting predeterminated voltage first, ball discharge gap group is automatically adjusted according to corresponding voltage
12 ball gap spacing, then capacitance group is charged, after the completion of to be charged, convey electric discharge trigger signal to ball discharge gap group 12 and carry out
Discharge test.Such as discharge failure, the ball gap spacing of fine setting ball discharge gap group 12, until regular picture；
2. giving the second impulse current generator setting predeterminated voltage, adjusted according to content corresponding voltage described in claim 4
The ball gap spacing of ball discharge gap group 13, the short circuit of batching sphere gap 19, then capacitance group is charged, after the completion of to be charged, to ball discharge
The conveying electric discharge trigger signal of gap group 13 carries out discharge test.Such as discharge failure, the ball gap spacing of fine setting ball discharge gap group 13, until
Regular picture.Thereafter the spacing of batching sphere gap 19 is adjusted according to content corresponding voltage described in claim 5, then re-started above-mentioned
Charge-discharge test.Such as discharge failure, the spacing of fine setting batching sphere gap 19, until regular picture；
3. last, setting time interval.Illustrate with reference to Fig. 4, first from intelligence control system 30 into control system with time delay 18
Prefixed time interval is write, now, control system with time delay 18 demarcates zero moment, and putting to the first impulse current generator immediately
Electric ball gap group 12 conveys trigger signal, makes its triggering electric discharge；After default time delay, control system with time delay 18 rushes to second
The ball discharge gap group 13 for hitting current feedback circuit conveys trigger signal, makes its triggering electric discharge.Filled so as to test more dash currents
1 operation comprehensively is put, exports predetermined waveform.
(4) more impulsive discharge experiments are carried out
After completing (3) step, the more impulsive discharge experiments of soil are carried out.Only change time interval, do not change dash current
In the case of amplitude, it may not be necessary to debugged in advance described in (3) step.Now each ball gap spacing is constant.In the behaviour of control system
Make setting time interval on platform and write control system with time delay 18, then click on the one the second impulse current generators
" charging " button starts to charge respectively, after charging complete, clicks on " triggering " button, the ignition trigger device of ball discharge gap group 12~13
Two sets of ball discharge gap groups 12~13 will be triggered respectively according to setting time delay to be discharged.More dash currents enter ground through pedotheque,
Complete the more impulsive discharge experiments of a soil.Every time after experiment, by soil renovation reduction in sandbox 24, and more impacts are put every time
Electric test is at least spaced 2-5 minutes.
(5) data acquisition
When carrying out (4) step, core-theaded type current sensor 22 of the ring set on cable can be monitored in discharge loop
Current waveform, and signal is delivered to digital oscilloscope 21 to collect current waveform through coaxial shielded cable.It is high with electric discharge
The impulse voltage divider 25 of press bond can monitor the voltage waveform on metal electrode 23, and will through coaxial shielded cable
Signal is delivered to digital oscilloscope 21 to collect voltage waveform.
After completing (4) step, the voltage current waveform in digital oscilloscope 21 can be exported and stored, voltage can be obtained
Voltage x current value corresponding to current peak and each moment, to subsequent data analysis.
Finally illustrate, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to compared with
The present invention is described in detail good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the objective and scope of the technical program, it all should cover in the present invention
Protection domain among.
Claims (9)
1. the more dash current discharge test devices of soil, it is characterised in that：Including at least two sets individually controllable one impulse electric currents
Generator；The often set one impulse current feedback circuit is connected with control system with time delay respectively；The control system with time delay is used to control
The discharge and recharge time of one impulse current feedback circuit processed, it is suitable for each one impulse current feedback circuit and realizes the defeated of more dash currents successively
Go out.
2. the more dash current discharge test devices of soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described often to cover one impulse electricity
Flow-generator includes charge control system, impulsive discharge main body capacitive group, electronic ball discharge gap group, harmonic inductance, batching sphere gap
And wave regulating resistor；
The impulsive discharge main body capacitive group is parallel to the output end of charge control system；The impulsive discharge main body capacitive group one
End is connected with electronic ball discharge gap group one end；The electronic ball discharge gap group other end connects with harmonic inductance and wave regulating resistor successively
Connect；The other end of the wave regulating resistor is connected by batching sphere gap with the wave regulating resistor of another set of one impulse current feedback circuit；And
Using the wave regulating resistor as output port；The other end of the impulsive discharge main body capacitive group is sent out with another set of one impulse electric current
The impulsive discharge main body capacitive group connection of raw device, and using the other end of the impulsive discharge main body capacitive group as output port；
The control system with time delay is connected with electronic ball discharge gap group respectively；The control system with time delay is used to control one impulse electric
At the discharge and recharge moment of flow-generator, it is suitable for the output that each one impulse current feedback circuit realizes more dash currents successively.
3. the more dash current discharge test devices of soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The charge control system
Including pressure regulator, step-up transformer, silicon stack and protective resistance；
The pressure regulator end of incoming cables is connected with supply voltage；The leading-out terminal of the pressure regulator is connected with step-up transformer primary side；Institute
The secondary for stating step-up transformer is connected with silicon stack；The silicon stack is connected with protective resistance；The protective resistance and electronic ball discharge
Gap group connects.
4. the more dash current discharge test devices of soil as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The impulsive discharge main body
Capacitance group includes the capacitor of plural parallel stage；The silicon stack output end is connected by charging resistor and impulsive discharge main body capacitive group
Connect, for being charged to impulsive discharge main body capacitive group；The impulsive discharge main body capacitive group other end is successively with isolating electricity
Resistance connects with electronic ball discharge gap group；The isolation resistance and electronic ball discharge gap group public connecting end successively with another grade of electric capacity
The other end connection of device；Afterbody isolation resistance and electronic ball discharge gap group public connecting end successively with harmonic inductance and harmonic
Resistance connects, for exporting impulse current waveform.
5. the more dash current discharge test devices of soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include pedotheque and
Data collecting system；The pedotheque and data collecting system include high accuracy number oscillograph, core-theaded type current sensor,
Metal electrode, sandbox and impulse voltage divider；
Imported after the one impulse current feedback circuit output port output dash current through conductive cable and metal electrode and insert sand
In pedotheque in box；The core-theaded type current sensor loop is enclosed on conductive cable line, and is connected through coaxial screening cable
It is connected in high accuracy number oscillograph and is used to gather current waveform；The terminal voltage of the metal electrode is connected to impact electricity through wire
Divider high-pressure side is pressed, the impulse voltage divider signal output part is connected to high accuracy number through coaxial screening cable and shown
Ripple device is used for collection voltages waveform.
6. the more dash current discharge test devices of soil as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The control system with time delay
It is connected through optical fiber with the electric spark trigger respectively with each electronic ball discharge gap group.
7. the more dash current discharge test methods of soil, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) test waveform parameter and pedotheque parameter are determined；The waveform parameter includes waveform wave head wave rear time and amplitude
And the time interval between more dash current ripples；
(2) joint test loop；The output end of two sets of impulse current generators is met on cable through copper strips connection, connected
High-pressure side on to metal electrode as soil discharge test, and be embedded among sandbox soil, copper sheet connection ground connection is covered in sandbox
Line is as earth terminal；Core-theaded type current sensor loop is enclosed on cable, signal is delivered to numeral with coaxial shielded cable
Oscillograph is to gather current waveform；Metal electrode end is connected to impulse voltage divider with plain conductor, and uses coaxial shielding
Signal is delivered to digital oscilloscope with collection voltages waveform by cable；
(3) more pre- debugging of impulse current waveform output；Predeterminated voltage is set to impulse current generator respectively；According to corresponding default
The ball gap spacing of voltage-regulation ball discharge gap group, then carries out charge-discharge test；
(4) connect pedotheque and data collecting system carries out more impulsive discharge experiments.
8. the more dash current discharge test methods of soil as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The data collecting system
Data acquisition is carried out in such a way：
The current waveform signal in discharge loop is obtained by core-theaded type current sensor of the ring set on cable, and through coaxial
Current waveform signal is delivered to progress current waveform collection in digital oscilloscope by shielded cable；
The voltage waveform on metal electrode is obtained by the impulse voltage divider being connected with electric discharge high-pressure side, and through coaxial shielding
Signal is delivered to digital oscilloscope and carries out voltage waveform collection by cable；
Voltage current waveform in digital oscilloscope is exported and stored, is obtained corresponding to voltage x current peak value and each moment
Voltage x current value.
9. the more dash current discharge test methods of soil as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：More dash current ripples
The pre- debugging of shape output is specifically realized according to following steps：
1. giving the first impulse current generator setting predeterminated voltage first, the ball of ball discharge gap group is automatically adjusted according to corresponding voltage
Gap spacing, then capacitance group is charged, after the completion of to be charged, convey electric discharge trigger signal to ball discharge gap group and carry out electric discharge survey
Examination；Such as discharge failure, the ball gap spacing of fine setting ball discharge gap group, until regular picture；
2. giving the second impulse current generator setting predeterminated voltage, the ball gap spacing of ball discharge gap group is adjusted according to corresponding voltage,
Batching sphere gap short circuit, then capacitance group is charged, after the completion of to be charged, convey electric discharge trigger signal to ball discharge gap group and put
Electrical testing；Such as discharge failure, the ball gap spacing of fine setting ball discharge gap group, until regular picture；
Batching sphere gap spacing is adjusted according to corresponding voltage, then re-starts above-mentioned charge-discharge test；Such as discharge failure, finely tune every
From ball gap spacing, until regular picture；
3. last, setting time interval.
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| CN108872824A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-23 | 重庆大学 | Soil electric discharge imaging device and more impulse current generator synchronization systems and method |
| CN109164359A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-08 | 重庆大学 | The filming apparatus in X-ray penetration soil spark discharge channel |
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