CN109450413B - High-voltage double-exponential wave pulse source for simulating complex electromagnetic environment - Google Patents
High-voltage double-exponential wave pulse source for simulating complex electromagnetic environment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
- H03K3/57—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M11/00—Power conversion systems not covered by the preceding groups
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of strong electromagnetic pulse, and particularly relates to a high-voltage double-exponential wave pulse source for simulating a complex electromagnetic environment. The high-voltage dual-exponential wave pulse source comprises: the device comprises a direct-current high-voltage generating device G, a charging current-limiting resistor R1, an energy storage capacitor C1, a pneumatic high-voltage switch K, a water resistor R2 and a discharging capacitor C2; z is parasitic impedance in the discharge loop, and forms the discharge loop together with water resistance R2 and discharge capacitance C2; the technical scheme of the invention adopts a high-voltage-level capacitor discharge double-exponential-wave pulse source scheme to generate a high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signal with abundant high-frequency components and low-frequency direct-current components. Injecting pulse current with different parameters into the electronic system by using the high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signal as an injection source, verifying the electromagnetic pulse effect analysis condition of the electronic system, and touching the damage current threshold of each port of the electronic system; after the strong electromagnetic pulse is reinforced, the reinforced protection performance is verified through a pulse current injection test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of strong electromagnetic pulse, and particularly relates to a high-voltage double-exponential wave pulse source for simulating a complex electromagnetic environment.
Background
The thunder electromagnetic pulse, the electrostatic discharge electromagnetic pulse, the high-power microwave and the like belong to strong electromagnetic pulses, and can destroy military and civil electronic systems in a large range to enable the military and civil electronic systems to be in a paralyzed state. The protection technology research of the electronic system for resisting strong electromagnetic pulse attack needs to be developed urgently, the electronic system is ensured not to be damaged when the electronic system executes a key task, and the survival capability of the electronic system in a complex electromagnetic environment is improved. The strong electromagnetic pulse protection performance verification can be verified by adopting a pulse current injection test. And applying electromagnetic stress to the test sample through a simulated strong electromagnetic pulse environment, and measuring the change of the protection characteristic of the test sample.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to provide a high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse source simulating a complex electromagnetic environment.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a high-voltage dual-exponential wave pulse source for simulating a complex electromagnetic environment, wherein the high-voltage dual-exponential wave pulse source comprises: the device comprises a direct-current high-voltage generating device G, a charging current-limiting resistor R1, an energy storage capacitor C1, a pneumatic high-voltage switch K, a water resistor R2 and a discharging capacitor C2; z is parasitic impedance in the discharge loop, and the parasitic impedance, the water resistor R2 and the discharge capacitor C2 form the discharge loop; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct-current high-voltage generating device G is used for generating a preset high-voltage small-current signal;
the charging current-limiting resistor R1 is used for carrying out current-limiting and voltage-dividing on the high-voltage small-current signal;
the energy storage capacitor C1 is used for receiving the current signal after the current limiting and voltage dividing of the charging current limiting resistor R1, carrying out charging energy storage to obtain a high-voltage large-current signal under the condition that the current signal is continuously input, and switching on the pneumatic high-voltage switch K after the charging is finished;
the pneumatic high-voltage switch K is used for connecting the energy storage capacitor C1 and a discharging loop in a very short time after the energy storage capacitor C1 is charged, and discharging through the discharging loop to generate a high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signal so as to discharge a test article between a discharging output end and a common ground wire instantly; meanwhile, the discharge current of the discharge output end can be measured through the current probe.
Wherein, the charging current-limiting resistor R1 adopts a noninductive resistor of 80M omega-120M omega.
The charging current-limiting resistor R1 is 100M omega.
The pulse width of the high-voltage double-exponential wave pulse is determined by the capacitance value of an energy storage capacitor C1; the energy storage capacitor C1 adopts a super capacitor with the withstand voltage of at least 50000V and the capacity value of 5000-6000 pF.
Wherein, the energy storage capacitor C1 adopts a recommended super capacitor of 5600 pF.
The energy storage capacitors C1 are connected in series two by two to form a group, and four groups are connected in parallel to form an energy storage capacitor matrix.
The rising edge of the high-voltage double-exponential wave pulse is determined by the pneumatic high-voltage switching characteristic, and the rising edge is steeper as the pneumatic high-voltage switching action time is shorter and the discharge inductance is smaller.
The pneumatic high-voltage switch K consists of a shielding cabin, an air pipe and an air pump; the lead of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K adopts a 120kV insulating sheath lead, so that corona is reduced, and the system safety is enhanced; the shielding cabin of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K adopts an all-metal shielding shell, so that external electromagnetic interference is shielded, and the stability and accuracy of the high-voltage switch are ensured;
the inlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K is connected with the energy storage capacitor C1 through a metal bracket, and the outlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K is connected with the water resistor R2 attenuator through a braided copper strip; the shielding cabin is in gas insulation by adopting SF6 and is connected with the air pump through an air pipe; in order to ensure the personal and property safety of the testing personnel, a pneumatic control device is adopted to control the trigger to be sucked.
Wherein the discharge loop is formed by: the pass band of the outlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K and parasitic impedance Z, water resistance R2 and discharge capacitance C2 generated by a loop formed in common form;
the water resistor R2 is arranged on the grounding metal plane, one end of the water resistor R2 is used as an input end and is connected with an outgoing line of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K, the water resistor R2 is fixed on the metal support and is connected with one end of the discharge capacitor C2, and the other end of the water resistor R2 is used as an output end and is insulated with the grounding plate through an insulating block, so that high-voltage breakdown is avoided; the other end of the discharge capacitor C2 is connected with the metal plane of the earth.
The discharge capacitor C2 is a metal plate capacitor of 100-150 pF.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention adopts a high-voltage-level capacitor discharge double-exponential-wave pulse source scheme to generate a high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signal with abundant high-frequency components and low-frequency direct-current components. Injecting pulse current with different parameters into the electronic system by using the high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signal as an injection source, verifying the electromagnetic pulse effect analysis condition of the electronic system, and touching the damage current threshold of each port of the electronic system; after the strong electromagnetic pulse is reinforced, the reinforced protection performance is verified through a pulse current injection test.
By implementing the technical scheme, the problem that high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signals with large current (100A-500A), fast rising time (18ns +/-10%) and wide bandwidth (more than 1000MHz) are generated in a laboratory environment in a simulated mode is solved, and the method can be used for testing the amplitude limiting response time and overshoot peak voltage of components.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage dual-exponential wave pulse source.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of an energy storage capacitor matrix.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a discharge circuit.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sample machine of a double-exponential pulse source.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention aims to simulate complex electromagnetic environments such as lightning electromagnetic pulse, electrostatic discharge electromagnetic pulse, high-power microwave and the like at the front edge of fast rise, is applied to electromagnetic pulse injection tests of electrical introduction Points (POE) such as power supply/control/signal/data cables and the like, and has the following technical indexes:
1) maximum peak current: 500A;
2) rise time: 18ns +/-10%;
3) pulse width: 550ns +/-10%;
4) current regulation range: 100A to 500A.
Example 1
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-voltage dual-exponential wave pulse source for simulating a complex electromagnetic environment, wherein the high-voltage dual-exponential wave pulse source adopts a capacitive discharge dual-exponential wave pulse source scheme with a high voltage level, and has a simple structure, a compact volume, and convenience for custom output of high-voltage dual-exponential waves with different parameters, as shown in fig. 1, the high-voltage dual-exponential wave pulse source comprises: the device comprises a direct-current high-voltage generating device G, a charging current-limiting resistor R1, an energy storage capacitor C1, a pneumatic high-voltage switch K, a water resistor R2 and a discharging capacitor C2; z is parasitic impedance in the discharge loop, and forms the discharge loop together with water resistance R2 and discharge capacitance C2; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct-current high-voltage generating device G is used for generating a preset high-voltage small-current signal;
the charging current-limiting resistor R1 is used for carrying out current-limiting and voltage-dividing on the high-voltage small-current signal;
the energy storage capacitor C1 is used for receiving the current signal after the current limiting and voltage dividing of the charging current limiting resistor R1, carrying out charging energy storage to obtain a high-voltage and high-current signal under the condition that the current signal is continuously input, and switching on the pneumatic high-voltage switch K after the charging is finished;
the pneumatic high-voltage switch K is used for connecting the energy storage capacitor C1 and a discharging loop in a very short time after the energy storage capacitor C1 is charged, and discharging through the discharging loop to generate a high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signal so as to discharge a test article between a discharging output end and a common ground wire instantly; meanwhile, the discharge current of the discharge output end can be measured through the current probe.
The charging current-limiting resistor R1 adopts a noninductive resistor of 80M omega-120M omega, and is connected in series with a capacitor in a circuit for charging, so that the charging current and the system overvoltage are limited, and the test equipment is protected. The inductive reactance value of the charging resistor is very small and can be ignored, parasitic oscillation is avoided, and the influence on the high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signal is eliminated as much as possible.
The charging current-limiting resistor R1 is 100M omega.
The pulse width of the high-voltage double-exponential wave pulse is determined by the capacitance value of an energy storage capacitor C1; the energy storage capacitor C1 adopts a super capacitor with withstand voltage of at least 50000V and capacity value of 5000-6000 pF, preferably 5600 pF.
Wherein, the energy storage capacitor C1 adopts a recommended super capacitor of 5600 pF.
The energy storage capacitors C1 are connected in series two by two to form a group, and four groups are connected in parallel to form an energy storage capacitor matrix. The energy storage capacitor matrix is internally connected in a hard mode, and the energy storage capacitor matrix is externally insulated by polytetrafluoroethylene in a sealing mode. The index of the storage capacitor matrix is withstand voltage of at least 100000V, capacity value of 1 nF-1.2 nF, and the structural diagram is shown in figure 2.
The pneumatic high-voltage switch K is a key component of a high-voltage double-exponential wave pulse source; the rising edge of the high-voltage double-exponential wave pulse is determined by the pneumatic high-voltage switch characteristic, and the shorter the action time of the pneumatic high-voltage switch is, the smaller the discharge inductance is, the steeper the rising edge is. By filling high-pressure sulfur hexafluoride gas, the action response time of the pneumatic high-voltage switch can be shortened, so that the inductance is reduced to nH level, and the rising edge can reach about 18 ns.
The pneumatic high-voltage switch K consists of a shielding cabin, an air pipe and an air pump; the lead of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K adopts a 120kV insulating sheath lead, so that corona is reduced, and the system safety is enhanced; the shielding cabin of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K adopts an all-metal shielding shell, so that external electromagnetic interference is shielded, and the stability and accuracy of the high-voltage switch are ensured;
the inlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K is connected with the energy storage capacitor C1 through a metal bracket, and the outlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K is connected with the water resistor R2 attenuator through a woven copper strip; the shielding cabin is in gas insulation by adopting SF6 and is connected with the air pump through an air pipe; in order to ensure the personal and property safety of the testers, a pneumatic control device is adopted to control the trigger to be sucked; the pass band of the outlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K and a loop formed in common generate parasitic impedance Z, and the inductance of the whole discharge loop can be reduced by reducing the parasitic impedance Z.
Wherein the discharge loop is formed by: the pass band of the outlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K and parasitic impedance Z, water resistance R2 and discharge capacitor C2 generated by a loop formed in common form; the circuit schematic of the discharge loop is shown in fig. 3.
The water resistor R2 is arranged on the grounding metal plane, one end of the water resistor R2 is used as an input end to be connected with an outlet wire of the pneumatic high-voltage switch K and is fixed on the metal bracket to be connected with one end of the discharge capacitor C2, and the other end of the water resistor R2 is used as an output end to be insulated with the grounding plate through an insulating block, so that high-voltage breakdown is avoided; the other end of the discharge capacitor C2 is connected with the metal plane of the earth. The water resistance is prepared by NaCl or CuSO2 solution, and the water resistance value is determined by the solution type, concentration and casing pipe size. The water resistance is 10-60 omega (20 omega is recommended). When the high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse source is calibrated, the output end of the water resistor R2 penetrates through the current probe and then is connected with the ground, and the short-circuit discharge current is measured.
The discharge capacitor C2 is a metal plate capacitor of 100pF to 150pF (120 pF is recommended). The copper metal plate and the grounding metal plate are insulated and isolated by an organic glass plate to form a metal plate capacitor.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a prototype dual exponential pulse source.
According to the principle, an energy storage capacitor, a discharge circuit, a pneumatic switch and a current probe are assembled on a large grounding metal flat plate to form a high-voltage double-exponential pulse source, and a prototype is shown in figure 4. When the pulse source works, the high-voltage source charges the energy storage capacitor through the current-limiting resistor, when the charging voltage reaches 40kV, the pneumatic switch can be triggered through the air pipe, the pneumatic switch is connected with the energy storage capacitor and the pneumatic switch to be led out, and the discharge loop is connected to form double-exponential pulse current.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-voltage dual-exponential-wave pulse source for simulating a complex electromagnetic environment, the high-voltage dual-exponential-wave pulse source comprising: the device comprises a direct-current high-voltage generating device (G), a charging current-limiting resistor (R1), an energy storage capacitor (C1), a pneumatic high-voltage switch (K), a water resistor (R2) and a discharging capacitor (C2); z is parasitic impedance in the discharge loop, and the parasitic impedance, the water resistance (R2) and the discharge capacitor (C2) form the discharge loop; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct-current high-voltage generating device (G) is used for generating a preset high-voltage small-current signal;
the charging current-limiting resistor (R1) is used for carrying out current-limiting and voltage-dividing on the high-voltage small-current signal;
the energy storage capacitor (C1) is used for receiving the current signal after the current limiting and voltage dividing of the charging current limiting resistor (R1), charging and storing energy into a high-voltage large-current signal under the condition that the current signal is continuously input, and switching on the pneumatic high-voltage switch (K) after charging is finished;
the pneumatic high-voltage switch (K) is used for connecting the energy storage capacitor (C1) and a discharging loop in a very short time after the energy storage capacitor (C1) is charged, and discharging through the discharging loop to generate a high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse signal so as to discharge a test article between a discharging output end and a common ground wire instantly; meanwhile, the discharge current of the discharge output end can be measured through the current probe;
the rising edge of the high-voltage double-exponential wave pulse is determined by the characteristics of a pneumatic high-voltage switch, and the shorter the action time of the pneumatic high-voltage switch is, the smaller the discharge inductance is, the steeper the rising edge is;
wherein the pneumatic high-voltage switch (K) consists of a shielding cabin, an air pipe and an air pump; the lead of the pneumatic high-voltage switch (K) adopts a 120kV insulating sheath lead, so that corona is reduced, and the safety of the system is enhanced; the shielding cabin of the pneumatic high-voltage switch (K) adopts an all-metal shielding shell to shield external electromagnetic interference and ensure the stability and accuracy of the high-voltage switch;
the inlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch (K) is connected with the energy storage capacitor (C1) through a metal bracket, and the outlet end is connected with the water resistor (R2) attenuator through a braided copper strip; the shielding cabin is in gas insulation by adopting SF6 and is connected with the air pump through an air pipe; in order to ensure the personal and property safety of the testing personnel, a pneumatic control device is adopted to control the trigger to be sucked.
2. The high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse source for simulating the complex electromagnetic environment according to claim 1, wherein the charging current-limiting resistor (R1) adopts a non-inductive resistor of 80M Ω -120M Ω.
3. The high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse source for simulating the complex electromagnetic environment according to claim 2, characterized in that the charging current-limiting resistor (R1) adopts 100M Ω.
4. The high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse source for simulating a complex electromagnetic environment according to claim 1, wherein the pulse width of the high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse is determined by the capacitance value of an energy storage capacitor (C1); the energy storage capacitor (C1) adopts a super capacitor with withstand voltage of at least 50000V and capacity value of 5000-6000 pF.
5. The source of high-voltage bi-exponential waves simulating a complex electromagnetic environment according to claim 4, characterized in that said energy storage capacitor (C1) is a recommended super capacitor of 5600 pF.
6. The high-voltage double-exponential-wave pulse source for simulating the complex electromagnetic environment according to claim 4, wherein the energy storage capacitors (C1) are connected in series two by two to form a group, and four groups are connected in parallel to form an energy storage capacitor matrix.
7. The source of high-voltage bi-exponential waves simulating a complex electromagnetic environment according to claim 1, wherein the discharge loop is formed by: the pass band of the outlet end of the pneumatic high-voltage switch (K) and parasitic impedance (Z), water resistance (R2) and discharge capacitance (C2) generated by a loop formed in common;
the water resistor (R2) is arranged on the grounding metal plane, one end of the water resistor (R2) is used as an input end and is connected with an outgoing line of the pneumatic high-voltage switch (K) and is fixed on the metal bracket and connected with one end of the discharge capacitor (C2), and the other end of the water resistor (R2) is used as an output end and is insulated from the grounding plate through an insulating block, so that high-voltage breakdown is avoided; the other end of the discharge capacitor (C2) is connected with the metal plane of the earth.
8. The high-voltage dual-exponential-wave pulse source for simulating a complex electromagnetic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge capacitor (C2) is a metal plate capacitor of 100pF to 150 pF.
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| CN110380712A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-25 | 西北核技术研究院 | The Pulsed current injection source circuit that Double exponential pulse high current amplitude continuously adjusts |
| CN111721984B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2023-04-18 | 西北核技术研究院 | Multi-parameter program-controlled adjustable double-exponential-wave pulse current injection device |
| CN112540246B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-04-26 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | Bounded wave strong electromagnetic pulse simulation system |
| CN113473830B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2022-07-22 | 重庆大学 | Intelligent switching electromagnetic manufacturing device based on parameter perception |
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