CN104865468A - Device and method for measuring shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic pulse of thunder and lightning - Google Patents

Device and method for measuring shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic pulse of thunder and lightning Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104865468A
CN104865468A CN201510248935.6A CN201510248935A CN104865468A CN 104865468 A CN104865468 A CN 104865468A CN 201510248935 A CN201510248935 A CN 201510248935A CN 104865468 A CN104865468 A CN 104865468A
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shield
pulse
electromagnetic pulse
magnetic field
high voltage
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CN104865468B (en
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李炎新
高成
陈海林
石立华
么梅利
孙晨鸣
裴高飞
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PLA University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for measuring the shielding effectiveness of an electromagnetic pulse of thunder and lightning. The device comprises a DC high-voltage generator, a charging switch, a current-limiting resistor, a non-inductive pulse capacitor, a tungsten-embedded switch, an AC-DC voltage divider, an adjustable inductor, a large-scale transmission line, an adjustable water resistor, a pulsed electric field optical fiber measurement system, a pulsed magnetic field optical fiber measurement system, a shielding cabinet, and an oscilloscope. The device is characterized in that the DC high-voltage generator charges the non-inductive pulse capacitor through the charging switch and the current-limiting resistor till the voltage reaches a given voltage, and then the energy stored by the capacitor is discharged to the large-scale transmission line and the adjustable water resistor through the adjustable inductor, thereby generating a thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse; a measured shielding body is disposed in the transmission line, and the internal and external pulse electromagnetic fields of the shielding body are measured; and the shielding effectiveness is calculated. The device and method can measure the shielding effectiveness of the shielding body on various types of thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse electric fields and magnetic fields at the same time more truly.

Description

Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measurement mechanism and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield EMC measurement field, the measurement mechanism that the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse Electric and magnetic fields shield effectiveness particularly relating to shield is measured and measuring method.
Background technology
Along with the development of microelectric technique, electromagnetic compatibility problem shows important in all trades and professions.Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse is the ubiquitous electromagnetic pulse of nature, can disturb and even destroy electronic equipment.Therefore in order to suppress Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse on the impact of electronic equipment, usually adopting shielding measure, a shield assembly being set, electronic equipment is shielded, protection electronic equipment.Conventional shield assembly comprises screened room, shielding cabinet and shielded box.And through measuring, shield assembly just will can know whether its shield effectiveness reaches design and use requirement to the shield effectiveness of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse.
Impulse electric field in the past and pulsed magnetic field shield effectiveness are measured and are used portable little test macro to carry out local measurement, different with actual environment, measured shield effectiveness can only approximated reference, the not shield effectiveness of the shield that authentic representative is tested, and impulse electric field and pulsed magnetic field two kinds of shield effectivenesss will separately be measured, efficiency is not high.The waveform that electromagnetic pulse simulator in the past produces is substantially fixing, and rise time and the width parameter that adjust waveform are very inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, large-scale Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measurement mechanism and method are provided, overall lightening pulse Electric and magnetic fields shield effectiveness can be carried out to shield to measure simultaneously, obtain true and reliable measurement result, for providing design considerations to the protection of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse indirect effect.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measurement mechanism, comprise high voltage direct current generator, charge switch, current-limiting resistance, noninductive pulsed capacitance, embedding tungsten switch, alternating current-direct current voltage divider, controllable impedance, large-scale bounded ripple transmission line, adjustable water resistance, impulse electric field optical measuring system, pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system, shielding cabinet and oscillograph, it is characterized in that: after high voltage direct current generator is charged to given voltage by charge switch and current-limiting resistance to noninductive pulsed capacitance, the energy stored by electric capacity by embedding tungsten switch is discharged to mass transport line and adjustable water resistance by controllable impedance, produce Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse.
Described current-limiting resistance, is characterized in that: current-limiting resistance is made up of the Elecrical connector filling pure water in insulating sleeve, two ends installation doubles as sealing, overcoat magnet ring, and suppressor pulse is strikeed back, protection high voltage direct current generator.
Described alternating current-direct current voltage divider, is characterized in that: both can to DC high voltage dividing potential drop, again can to ac high voltage dividing potential drop, ranging pulse signal.
Described controllable impedance, is characterized in that: controllable impedance forms conductor, overcoat magnet ring by copper cash and high voltage bearing insulation rubber, and shape and the magnet ring of adjustment conductor can adjust its inductance value.The Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse of different rise time can be produced by adjustment controllable impedance, meet different demand.
Described large-scale bounded ripple transmission line, there is transition section front and back, and centre is effective working space; Front transition section is connected with controllable impedance, and rear transition section is connected with adjustable water resistance.
Described adjustable water resistance, is characterized in that: adjustable water resistance is made up of the electrode at insulation tube, two ends and interior filling copper-bath; The electrode at described two ends, the electrode fixing seal of its lower end, upper end electrode is equipped with adjustable electrode, can move up and down the size of adjusting resistance value.By adjusting adjustable water resistance, the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse of different pulse width can be produced, meet different demand.
A kind of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measuring method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) control high voltage direct current generator to charge to pulsed capacitance, by embedding tungsten switch discharge, measure the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse waveform that the transmission line useful space produces, if waveform parameter does not meet the demands, first adjusting adjustable water resistance makes the pulse width of waveform meet the demands, adjust controllable impedance again, the rise time of waveform is met the demands;
2) tested shield is put in large-scale bounded ripple transmission line effective working space;
3) to lower outside tested shield the impulse electric field optical measuring system of sensitivity and pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system, in tested shield, put highly sensitive impulse electric field optical measuring system and pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system;
4) control high voltage direct current generator paired pulses capacitor charging to set-point, by embedding tungsten switch discharge, produce Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse, measure the pulse electric and magnetic field waveform that shield is inside and outside;
5) digital low-pass filtering is carried out to the pulse electric and magnetic field Wave data measuring shield inside and outside, ask for external pulse peak electric field e 0, peak magnetic field b 0, and internal pulses peak electric field e 1, pulsed magnetic field peak value b 1, tested shield Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse electric field shielding usefulness sE ecalculated by formula (1):
(1)
Tested shield Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse magnetic field shielding usefulness sE mcalculated by formula (2):
(2)
6) adjust the direction of tested shield, the screening energy of its each orthogonal directions is taken multiple measurements, and makes a record;
7) numerical value is measured to the repeatedly shield effectiveness in each direction, remove maximal value and minimum value, get the shield effectiveness of mean value as this direction of all the other intermediate values, finally get the shield effectiveness of minimum value as tested shield of the shield effectiveness of all directions.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is in the present invention:
1, the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness of shield can be measured more truly.
2, Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse waveform parameter is adjustable, can produce different demand Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse waveform.
3, Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse Electric and magnetic fields shield effectiveness can be measured simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is large-scale Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse simulator equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the electromagnetic-field-shielded usefulness instrumentation plan of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse of shield of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is adjustable water resistance schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment: shown in figure 1 and Fig. 2, Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measurement mechanism, comprises large-scale Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse simulator and Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse measuring system.Described large-scale Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse simulator, as shown in Figure 1, comprise high voltage direct current generator 1, charge switch 2, current-limiting resistance 3, noninductive pulsed capacitance 4, alternating current-direct current voltage divider 8, embedding tungsten switch 5, controllable impedance 6, large-scale month world ripple transmission line 7, adjustable water resistance 9, it is characterized in that: after high voltage direct current generator 1 is charged to given voltage by charge switch 2 and current-limiting resistance 3 to noninductive pulsed capacitance 4, the energy stored by electric capacity by embedding tungsten switch 5 is discharged to large-scale bounded ripple transmission line 7 and adjustable water resistance 9 by controllable impedance 6, produces Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse.Described Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse measuring system, comprises impulse electric field optical measuring system (point muting sensitivity and high sensitivity 2 are overlapped), pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system (point muting sensitivity and high sensitivity 2 are overlapped), shielding cabinet and oscillograph.
Described current-limiting resistance, is characterized in that: current-limiting resistance is made up of the Elecrical connector filling pure water in insulating sleeve, two ends installation doubles as sealing, overcoat magnet ring, and suppressor pulse is strikeed back, protection high voltage direct current generator.
Described alternating current-direct current voltage divider, is characterized in that: both can to DC high voltage dividing potential drop, again can to ac high voltage dividing potential drop, ranging pulse signal; Its output can be divided into 2 tunnels, and the DC voltage that pulsed capacitance fills, to D.C. voltmeter, can be monitored in a road, and another road can connect digital oscilloscope, for monitoring the pulse voltage waveform that simulator produces.The alternating current-direct current voltage divider model selected is SUG-200, and its input resistance is greater than 1G Ω, and intrinsic standoff ratio is 1000 times.
Described controllable impedance, is characterized in that: controllable impedance forms conductor, overcoat magnet ring by copper cash and high voltage bearing insulation rubber, and shape and the magnet ring of adjustment conductor can adjust its inductance value.The Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse of different rise time can be produced by adjustment controllable impedance, meet different demand.
Described large-scale bounded ripple transmission line, as shown in Figure 2, there is transition section front and back to external form, and centre is effective working space; Front transition section is connected with controllable impedance, and rear transition section is connected with adjustable water resistance.Effective working space long 10 m, wide 8 m, high 5 m.
Composition graphs 3, described adjustable water resistance, comprising material is the insulation tube 12 of organic glass, the lower end electrode 13 of copper material and upper end electrode 11, the adjustable electrode moving up and down 10 be arranged in upper end electrode; CuSO is full of in insulation tube 12 4solution, its resistance value size of adjustment adjustable electrode 10 upper-lower position adjustable, can produce the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse of different pulse width, meet different demand.
A kind of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measuring method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) control high voltage direct current generator to charge to pulsed capacitance, by embedding tungsten switch discharge, measure the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse waveform that the transmission line useful space produces, if waveform parameter does not meet the demands, first adjusting adjustable water resistance makes the pulse width of waveform meet the demands, adjust controllable impedance again, the rise time of waveform is met the demands;
2) tested shield is put in large-scale bounded ripple transmission line effective working space;
3) to lower outside tested shield the impulse electric field optical measuring system of sensitivity and pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system, in tested shield, put highly sensitive impulse electric field optical measuring system and pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system;
4) control high voltage direct current generator and be charged to set-point to pulsed capacitance, by embedding tungsten switch discharge, produce Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse, measure the pulse electric and magnetic field waveform that shield is inside and outside;
5) being that the wave digital lowpass filter of 1MHz carries out filtering to measuring the inside and outside pulse electric and magnetic field Wave data cutoff frequency of shield, asking for external pulse peak electric field e 0, peak magnetic field b 0, and internal pulses peak electric field e 1, pulsed magnetic field peak value b 1, tested shield Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse electric field shielding usefulness sE ecalculated by formula (1):
(1)
Tested shield Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse magnetic field shielding usefulness sE mcalculated by formula (2):
(2)
6) adjust the direction of tested shield, the shield effectiveness of its each orthogonal directions is taken multiple measurements, and makes a record;
7) to the repeatedly shield effectiveness measured value in each direction, remove maximal value and minimum value, get the shield effectiveness of mean value as this direction of all the other intermediate values, finally get the shield effectiveness of minimum value as tested shield of the shield effectiveness of all directions.

Claims (7)

1. a Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measurement mechanism, comprise high voltage direct current generator, charge switch, current-limiting resistance, noninductive pulsed capacitance, embedding tungsten switch, alternating current-direct current voltage divider, controllable impedance, large-scale bounded ripple transmission line, adjustable water resistance, impulse electric field optical measuring system, pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system, shielding cabinet and oscillograph, it is characterized in that: after high voltage direct current generator is charged to given voltage by charge switch and current-limiting resistance to noninductive pulsed capacitance, the energy stored by electric capacity by embedding tungsten switch is discharged to mass transport line and adjustable water resistance by controllable impedance, produce Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse.
2. current-limiting resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: current-limiting resistance is made up of the Elecrical connector filling pure water in insulating sleeve, two ends installation doubles as sealing, overcoat magnet ring, and suppressor pulse is strikeed back, protection high voltage direct current generator.
3. alternating current-direct current voltage divider as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: both can to DC high voltage dividing potential drop, again can to ac high voltage dividing potential drop, ranging pulse signal.
4. controllable impedance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: controllable impedance forms conductor, overcoat magnet ring by copper cash and high voltage bearing insulation rubber, and shape and the magnet ring of adjustment conductor can adjust its inductance value.
5. large-scale bounded ripple transmission line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: there is transition section front and back, centre is effective working space; Front transition section is connected with controllable impedance, and rear transition section is connected with adjustable water resistance.
6. adjustable water resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: adjustable water resistance is made up of the electrode at insulation tube, two ends and interior filling copper-bath; Described two end electrodes, its lower end electrode fixing seal, upper end electrode is equipped with adjustable electrode, can move up and down the size of its resistance value of adjustment.
7. a Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measuring method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) control high voltage direct current generator to charge to pulsed capacitance, by embedding tungsten switch discharge, measure the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse waveform produced in the transmission line useful space, if waveform parameter does not meet the demands, first adjusting adjustable water resistance makes the pulse width of waveform meet the demands, adjust controllable impedance again, the rise time of waveform is met the demands;
2) tested shield is put in large-scale bounded ripple transmission line effective working space;
3) to lower outside tested shield the impulse electric field optical measuring system of sensitivity and pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system, in tested shield, put highly sensitive impulse electric field optical measuring system and pulsed magnetic field optical measuring system;
4) after control high voltage direct current generator is charged to set-point to pulsed capacitance, by embedding tungsten switch discharge, produce Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse, measure the pulse electric and magnetic field waveform that shield is inside and outside;
5) inside and outside to the shield measured pulse electric and magnetic field Wave data carries out digital low-pass filtering, asks for external pulse peak electric field e 0, peak magnetic field b 0, and internal pulses peak electric field e 1, pulsed magnetic field peak value b 1, tested shield Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse electric field shielding usefulness sE ecalculated by formula (1):
(1)
Tested shield Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse magnetic field shielding usefulness sE mcalculated by formula (2):
(2)
6) adjust the direction of tested shield, to the screening energy repetitive measurement of its each orthogonal directions, and make a record;
7) to the shield effectiveness numerical value of the repetitive measurement in each direction, remove maximal value and minimum value, get the shield effectiveness of mean value as this direction of its residual value, finally get the shield effectiveness of minimum value as tested shield of the shield effectiveness of all directions.
CN201510248935.6A 2015-05-15 2015-05-15 Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse shield effectiveness measurement apparatus and method Expired - Fee Related CN104865468B (en)

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CN105259450A (en) * 2015-11-05 2016-01-20 北京东方计量测试研究所 Magnetic shielding effectiveness evaluation method
CN105301549A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-02-03 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Method and system for testing magnetic shielding of current transformer by using three-dimensional magnetic field
CN106653357A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-05-10 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 High-voltage capacitor quasi-constant-power discharging apparatus with adjustable discharging power
CN107576907A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-01-12 国家电网公司 Fault diagnosis method for switch based on the extraction of radiated electric field characteristic energy
CN108387854A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-08-10 中国人民解放军61489部队 Shield magnetic saturation performance testing device and method under low-frequency pulse strong magnetic field circumstance
CN108663575A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-10-16 中国人民解放军61489部队 Large-scale shield low-frequency pulse high-intensity magnetic field shield effectiveness test system and test method
CN109701162A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-05-03 西北核技术研究所 In a kind of irradiation chamber inside effector field strength local focal device and its construction method
CN110703028A (en) * 2019-11-01 2020-01-17 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 Equivalent circuit analysis model for influence of magnetic field coil on bounded wave simulator space field
CN111323667A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-23 清华大学 Bounded wave simulator with three different electric field areas
CN114720739A (en) * 2022-05-23 2022-07-08 北京芯可鉴科技有限公司 Method and system for determining transmission line size and pulsed electric field generator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105259450A (en) * 2015-11-05 2016-01-20 北京东方计量测试研究所 Magnetic shielding effectiveness evaluation method
CN105301549B (en) * 2015-11-25 2018-10-12 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 A kind of method and system for testing current transformer magnetic screen using three-dimensional magnetic field
CN105301549A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-02-03 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Method and system for testing magnetic shielding of current transformer by using three-dimensional magnetic field
CN106653357A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-05-10 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 High-voltage capacitor quasi-constant-power discharging apparatus with adjustable discharging power
CN106653357B (en) * 2017-01-04 2018-03-20 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 A kind of adjustable high-voltage capacitor Quasi-constant power electric discharge device of discharge power
CN107576907A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-01-12 国家电网公司 Fault diagnosis method for switch based on the extraction of radiated electric field characteristic energy
CN108387854A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-08-10 中国人民解放军61489部队 Shield magnetic saturation performance testing device and method under low-frequency pulse strong magnetic field circumstance
CN108663575A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-10-16 中国人民解放军61489部队 Large-scale shield low-frequency pulse high-intensity magnetic field shield effectiveness test system and test method
CN109701162A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-05-03 西北核技术研究所 In a kind of irradiation chamber inside effector field strength local focal device and its construction method
CN110703028A (en) * 2019-11-01 2020-01-17 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 Equivalent circuit analysis model for influence of magnetic field coil on bounded wave simulator space field
CN110703028B (en) * 2019-11-01 2021-11-05 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 Equivalent circuit analysis model for influence of magnetic field coil on bounded wave simulator space field
CN111323667A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-23 清华大学 Bounded wave simulator with three different electric field areas
CN114720739A (en) * 2022-05-23 2022-07-08 北京芯可鉴科技有限公司 Method and system for determining transmission line size and pulsed electric field generator

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