CN108761208B - A kind of test method of vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance - Google Patents
A kind of test method of vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of test method of vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance, test method include building vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance test platform, and the test box left and right side walls of test platform are provided with left copper electrode and right copper electrode；The high-voltage end that module output end is connected to high-voltage bleeder module occurs for dash current, and the high-voltage end of high-voltage bleeder module is connected to left copper electrode；Right copper electrode is connected to the ground terminal that module occurs for dash current, and ground terminal is connected to earthing module；Experimental box, when insulating barrier loading test case, is divided into more than two spaces for measuring the electric current for flowing through left copper electrode and right copper electrode by current acquisition module from bottom to up.It further include measuring soil test product pH value and filling vertical demixing soil, voltage and electric current of the measurement pedotheque in current pH value and assess soil dynamic resistance.The present invention can effective analogue ground system surrounding soil vertical demixing operating condition, accurate evaluation is carried out to soil dynamic resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Grounding Technology of Modern Power System fields, and in particular to a kind of test of vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance
Method.
Background technique
Electric power line pole tower is when by being struck by lightning, and because of the presence of pole tower ground resistance, tower top can generate very high current potential, mistake
High current potential will cause shaft tower to the counterattack of transmission line of electricity, in turn result in power transmission line short circuit, reduce the stability of electric system with
And reliability.The major function of electric power line pole tower earthing or grounding means is when tower top or lightning conducter are by being struck by lightning, effectively by thunder
Electric current leaks into the earth, therefore the electric current for flowing through earthing or grounding means is mainly lightning impulse current.The soil when large inrush current injection
Resistivity can decline, and dynamic change is presented in electric resistance of soil.When the electric field strength generated in soil by diffusing is more than facing for soil
When boundary's disruptive field intensity, in grounding body surrounding soil will flashing discharge process, significantly reduce soil impulse resistance.Soil electricity
The dynamic characteristic of resistance helps to reduce the ground resistance of the earthed system in placing into the soil, and also contributes to reducing Earth Surface certainly
Transient state earthing potential liter.It can be seen that the research of power transmission and distribution tower grounding device Lightning Characteristic in smart grid to building
Advanced reliable transmission and distribution networks and power supply system are found, power grid security guarantee is improved and defense system is of great significance.
Since electric power line pole tower earthing pole is embedded in soil, the impact characteristics of impact characteristics and grounding body surrounding soil
It is closely related.The domestic research to soil dynamic resistance characteristic at present, mainly simulates electric resistance of soil by Computer Simulation
Dynamic process and Spark Discharges, and dynamic electric resistor characteristic shadow by several factors of the electric resistance of soil under dash current
Ring, such as: dash current amplitude, soil constituent and structure, pH value, water content, temperature, external electrical field intensity etc., these because
Element causes dynamic electric resistor characteristic of the soil under the effect of high frequency large inrush current to become more complicated, but also tower grounding device
Impulse earthed resistance be difficult to accurately calculate.Therefore in order to more precisely compute earthing or grounding means impulse earthed resistance, there is an urgent need to
A kind of intelligent monitoring test platform for assessing soil impact dynamic electric resistor, and considers soil acidity or alkalinity, soil vertical layering
Influence, the security evaluation to electrical power trans mission/distribution system.Proposing pH value in test vertical demixing soil influences dynamic electric resistor
Method, accurately establish transient calculation model of the earthing or grounding means under dash current effect, it is special for the impact of tower grounding device
Property research and its optimization design provide theories integration.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of test methods of vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance, accurately to establish ground connection
Transient calculation model of the device under dash current effect, mentions for the research and its optimization design of tower grounding device impact characteristics
For theories integration.
Realize that the technical scheme comprises the following steps for the object of the invention:
Step 1: vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance test platform is built, including
Test box；Slotted head screw；Test box left side wall is provided with left copper electrode, and the left copper electrode transverse shifting of control
Operating mechanism；Test box right side wall is additionally provided with right copper electrode；Left copper electrode and right copper electrode are vertical disk；Further include
Insulating barrier, earthing module, dash current occur module, high-voltage bleeder module, current acquisition module, host computer and handle mould
Block, high-tension cable, cable connector, copper conductor；
Wherein the high-voltage end that module output end is connected to high-voltage bleeder module, high-voltage bleeder module occur for dash current
High-voltage end left copper electrode is connected to by high-tension cable and cable connector；Right copper electrode is connected to dash current by copper conductor
The ground terminal of module occurs, ground terminal is connected to earthing module；The ground terminal of high-voltage bleeder module is grounded, and communication ends are connected to
Host computer processing module；Current acquisition module communication ends are connected to host computer processing module, and test lead is connected to copper conductor, are used for
Measurement flows through the electric current of left copper electrode and right copper electrode；Further include more than one insulating barrier, insulating barrier can be horizontally inserted into or
Extract test box out；When insulating barrier is inserted into test box, test box is divided into more than two spaces from bottom to up.
Step 2: setting soil test product pH value and carrying out soil filling: setting test pH value tests each soil test product
PH value, and according to setting pH value suitable PH regulator is added into test product, soil test product, which is during which sufficiently stirred, makes soil
The pH value of earth test product is evenly distributed, until the pH value of each pedotheque is in setting test pH value allowable range of error；
The left panel for opening test box, the spacing of left copper electrode Yu right copper electrode is controlled by operating mechanism；It is determined according to actual condition
The number of plies for needing to be layered and each layer are layered ratio, by layering layering width more each than setting and sequence, using insulating barrier by setting
The layering width set separates space in test box；After being sequentially filled soil test product into each space of test box, insulation is removed
Partition makes soil test product fit together, and forms vertical demixing soil；Cover left panel；
Step 3: voltage and electric current of the measurement soil test product in current pH value: module occurs for opening impact electric current, leads to
It crosses high-voltage bleeder module to measure the voltage between left copper electrode and right copper electrode and be transferred to host computer processing module, passes through electric current
Acquisition module measurement flows through the electric current of left copper electrode and right copper electrode and is transferred to host computer processing module；
Step 4: assessment soil dynamic resistance characteristic: the voltage and current obtained by host computer processing module (15) obtains
Full-time domain R (t) wavy curve of electric resistance of soil is taken, and extracts R (t)min, R (t)max, fall time Δ t1And when effectively restoring
Between Δ t2, calculate average fall off rate k of the electric resistance of soil under dash current:
In formula, R (t)minFor resistance minimum value in R (t) wavy curve, R (t)maxIt is maximum for resistance in R (t) wavy curve
Value, Δ t1Indicate R (t) from maximum value R (t)maxDrop to minimum value R (t)minTime interval；
It calculates R (t)minWith the compound evaluation factors q of k1:
It calculates R (t)minWith Δ t1Compound evaluation factors q2:
Calculate minimum profile curvature radius γ:
Wherein,
In formula, tm∈[ta+0.1,tb), taFor R (t)maxCorresponding moment, tbFor R (t)minCorresponding moment, above formula indicate to calculate
R (t) wavy curve is within the period of decline, from ta+ 0.1 moment, every 0.1 μ s of minor tick calculate the curvature half at each moment
Thus diameter can calculate wherein the smallest radius of curvature；
Calculate the correction factor k for considering pH and minimum profile curvature radius γ1:
In formula, pH is current pH value, and γ is minimum profile curvature radius；
It calculates and judges remainder q3:
q3=0.02081log (0.311 Δ t1+0.393Δt2-40.07)
-0.080log(R(t)min+0.870)
In formula, Δ t2Indicate R (t) from R (t)minIt rises to and effectively restores resistance R (t)effTime；Wherein R (t)eff=R
(t)min+0.8(R(t)max-R(t)min),R(t)effIt indicates from resistance minimum value R (t)minIt is gradually recovered, when amount of recovery is 80%
Maximum decline difference (R (t)max-R(t)min) when corresponding resistance value；
It calculates dynamic electric resistor characteristic of the soil under the dash current and pH value and judges factor are as follows:
Q=k1(q1+q2)+q3
When q ∈ (0,0.25] when, characterization resistance dynamic characteristic it is weaker；When q ∈ (0.25,0.65] when, characterization resistance dynamic
Characteristic is general；When q ∈ (0.65,0.9] when, characterization resistance dynamic characteristic it is stronger；When q ∈ (0.9,1] when, characterization resistance dynamic is special
Property is extremely strong.
Step 5: the dynamic electric resistor of vertical stratified soil is tested under different pH values: setting different tests pH value, not
It under setting pH value, is tested repeatedly according to above-mentioned the second to four step, carries out the dynamic of vertical stratified soil under different pH values
Resistance assessment.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are,
1) vertical demixing is carried out to soil, and assesses the dynamic electric resistor of vertical demixing soil, it can effective analogue ground system
Surrounding soil vertical demixing operating condition；
2) it can accurately obtain dash current and act on the full-time domain variation waveform of lower different pH values vertical demixing electric resistance of soil
Curve, the use for judging factor can carry out accurate evaluation to vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance；
3) experiment porch is easy to operate, securely and reliably, has universality to the test of vertical multi-layer soil.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of test platform in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of test method in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the reflection full-time domain dynamic change waveform legend of electric resistance of soil.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
Test platform provided by the invention and method as seen from Figure 1, Figure 2, include the following steps:
Step 1: building vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance test platform
The test platform includes test box (01)；Slotted head screw (02)；Test box (01) left side wall is provided with left copper electricity
Pole (04), and the operating mechanism (03) of left copper electrode (04) transverse shifting of control；Test box (01) right side wall is additionally provided with the right side
Copper electrode (05)；Left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) are vertical disk；It further include insulating barrier (06), earthing module
(11), module (12), high-voltage bleeder module (13), current acquisition module (14), host computer processing module occur for dash current
(15), high-tension cable (16), cable connector (17), copper conductor (18)；
Wherein the high-voltage end that module (12) output end is connected to high-voltage bleeder module (13), high pressure point occur for dash current
The high-voltage end of depressor module (13) is connected to left copper electrode (04) by high-tension cable (16) and cable connector (17)；Right copper electrode
(05) it is connected to the ground terminal that module (12) occur for dash current by copper conductor (18), ground terminal is connected to earthing module
(11)；The ground terminal of high-voltage bleeder module (13) is grounded, and communication ends are connected to host computer processing module (15)；Current acquisition mould
Block (14) communication ends are connected to host computer processing module (15), and test lead is connected to copper conductor (18), flow through left copper for measuring
The electric current of electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05)；It further include more than one insulating barrier (06), insulating barrier (06) horizontal can be inserted
Enter or extracts out test box (01)；When insulating barrier (06) is inserted into test box (01), test box (01) is divided into from bottom to up
More than two spaces.
Step 2: setting soil test product pH value and carrying out soil filling
Setting test pH value tests the pH value of each soil test product, and is added and is fitted into test product according to setting pH value
The PH regulator of amount, soil test product, which is during which sufficiently stirred, makes the pH value of soil test product be evenly distributed, until each pedotheque
PH value is in setting test pH value allowable range of error；The left panel for opening test box (01), passes through operating mechanism (03)
Control the spacing of left copper electrode (04) Yu right copper electrode (05)；The number of plies for needing to be layered and each layer point are determined according to actual condition
Layer ratio presses the layering width being arranged than each layering width and sequence is arranged for test box by being layered using insulating barrier (06)
(01) interior space separates；After being sequentially filled soil test product into test box (01) each space, insulating barrier (06) is removed, soil is made
Earth test product fits together, and forms vertical demixing soil；Cover left panel；
Step 3: voltage and electric current of the measurement soil test product in current pH value: module occurs for opening impact electric current
(12), the voltage between left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) is measured by high-voltage bleeder module (13) and be transferred to upper
Machine processing module (15) flows through the electric current of left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) simultaneously by current acquisition module (14) measurement
It is transferred to host computer processing module (15)；
Step 4: assessment soil dynamic resistance characteristic: the voltage and current obtained by host computer processing module (15) obtains
Full-time domain R (t) wavy curve of electric resistance of soil is taken, and extracts R (t)min, R (t)max, fall time Δ t1And when effectively restoring
Between Δ t2, calculate average fall off rate k of the electric resistance of soil under dash current:
In formula, R (t)minFor resistance minimum value in R (t) wavy curve, R (t)maxIt is maximum for resistance in R (t) wavy curve
Value, Δ t1Indicate R (t) from maximum value R (t)maxDrop to minimum value R (t)minTime interval；
It calculates R (t)minWith the compound evaluation factors q of k1:
It calculates R (t)minWith Δ t1Compound evaluation factors q2:
Calculate minimum profile curvature radius γ:
Wherein,
In formula, tm∈[ta+0.1,tb), taFor R (t)maxCorresponding moment, tbFor R (t)minCorresponding moment, above formula indicate to calculate
R (t) wavy curve is within the period of decline, from ta+ 0.1 moment, every 0.1 μ s of minor tick calculate the curvature half at each moment
Thus diameter can calculate wherein the smallest radius of curvature；
Calculate the correction factor k for considering pH and minimum profile curvature radius γ1:
In formula, pH is current pH value, and γ is minimum profile curvature radius；
It calculates and judges remainder q3:
q3=0.02081log (0.311 Δ t1+0.393Δt2-40.07)
-0.080log(R(t)min+0.870)
In formula, Δ t2Indicate R (t) from R (t)minIt rises to and effectively restores resistance R (t)effTime；Wherein R (t)eff=R
(t)min+0.8(R(t)max-R(t)min),R(t)effIt indicates from resistance minimum value R (t)minIt is gradually recovered, when amount of recovery is 80%
Maximum decline difference (R (t)max-R(t)min) when corresponding resistance value；
It calculates dynamic electric resistor characteristic of the soil under the dash current and pH value and judges factor are as follows:
Q=k1(q1+q2)+q3
When q ∈ (0,0.25] when, characterization resistance dynamic characteristic it is weaker；When q ∈ (0.25,0.65] when, characterization resistance dynamic
Characteristic is general；When q ∈ (0.65,0.9] when, characterization resistance dynamic characteristic it is stronger；When q ∈ (0.9,1] when, characterization resistance dynamic is special
Property is extremely strong.
Step 5: the dynamic electric resistor of vertical stratified soil is tested under different pH values: setting different tests pH value, not
With the dynamic electric resistor assessment under setting pH value, carrying out vertical stratified soil under different pH values.Such as to test four kinds of different acid
Vertical stratified soil dynamic electric resistor under basicity, four kinds of setting pH values are respectively PH1, PH2, PH3, PH4, when pH value is PH1,
The vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance test that pH value is PH1 is carried out by above-mentioned second step, third step, the 4th step, to pH value
PH1 after the test, after certain interval of time, then carries out the vertical demixing soil dynamic that pH value is PH2, PH3, PH4 respectively
Resistance test.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of test method of vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: vertical demixing soil dynamic resistance test platform is built, including
Test box (01)；Slotted head screw (02)；Test box (01) left side wall is provided with left copper electrode (04), and the left copper of control
The operating mechanism (03) of electrode (04) transverse shifting；Test box (01) right side wall is additionally provided with right copper electrode (05)；Left copper electrode
(04) and right copper electrode (05) is vertical disk；It further include insulating barrier (06), earthing module (11), dash current generation mould
Block (12), high-voltage bleeder module (13), current acquisition module (14), host computer processing module (15), high-tension cable (16), electricity
Cable joint (17), copper conductor (18)；
Wherein the high-voltage end that module (12) output end is connected to high-voltage bleeder module (13), high-voltage bleeder occur for dash current
The high-voltage end of module (13) is connected to left copper electrode (04) by high-tension cable (16) and cable connector (17)；Right copper electrode (05)
It is connected to the ground terminal that module (12) occur for dash current by copper conductor (18), ground terminal is connected to earthing module (11)；It is high
The ground terminal ground connection of divider module (13) is pressed, communication ends are connected to host computer processing module (15)；Current acquisition module (14)
Communication ends are connected to host computer processing module (15), and test lead is connected to copper conductor (18), flow through left copper electrode for measuring
(04) and the electric current of right copper electrode (05)；Further include more than one insulating barrier (06), insulating barrier (06) can be horizontally inserted into or
It extracts out test box (01)；When insulating barrier (06) is inserted into test box (01), test box (01) is divided into two from bottom to up
Above space；
Step 2: setting soil test product pH value and carrying out soil filling: setting test pH value tests the acid of each soil test product
Basicity, and suitable PH regulator is added into test product according to setting pH value, soil test product, which is during which sufficiently stirred, tries soil
The pH value of product is evenly distributed, until the pH value of each pedotheque is in setting test pH value allowable range of error；It opens
The left panel of test box (01) controls the spacing of left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) by operating mechanism (03)；According to
Actual condition determines that the number of plies for needing to be layered and each layer layering ratio are used by layering than each layering width and sequence is arranged
Insulating barrier (06) is separated test box (01) interior space by the layering width of setting；Successively into test box (01) each space
After filling soil test product, insulating barrier (06) is removed, soil test product is made to fit together, forms vertical demixing soil；Cover a left side
Panel；
Step 3: voltage and electric current of the measurement soil test product in current pH value: module (12) occur for opening impact electric current, lead to
High-voltage bleeder module (13) are crossed to measure the voltage between left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) and be transferred to host computer processing
Module (15) flows through the electric current of left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) by current acquisition module (14) measurement and is transferred to
Host computer processing module (15)；
Step 4: assessment soil dynamic resistance characteristic: the voltage and current obtained by host computer processing module (15) obtains soil
Full-time domain R (t) wavy curve of earth resistance, and extract R (t)min, R (t)max, fall time Δ t1And effective recovery time Δ
t2, calculate average fall off rate k of the electric resistance of soil under dash current:
In formula, R (t)minFor resistance minimum value in R (t) wavy curve, R (t)maxFor resistance maximum value in R (t) wavy curve, Δ
t1Indicate R (t) from maximum value R (t)maxDrop to minimum value R (t)minTime interval；
It calculates R (t)minWith the compound evaluation factors q of k1:
It calculates R (t)minWith Δ t1Compound evaluation factors q2:
Calculate minimum profile curvature radius γ:
Wherein,
In formula, tm∈[ta+0.1,tb), taFor R (t)maxCorresponding moment, tbFor R (t)minCorresponding moment, above formula indicate to calculate R (t)
Wavy curve is within the period of decline, from ta+ 0.1 moment, every 0.1 μ s of minor tick calculate the radius of curvature at each moment, by
This can calculate wherein the smallest radius of curvature；
Calculate the correction factor k for considering pH and minimum profile curvature radius γ1:
In formula, pH is current pH value, and γ is minimum profile curvature radius；
It calculates and judges remainder q3:
q3=0.02081log (0.311 Δ t1+0.393Δt2-40.07)-0.080log(R(t)min+0.870)
In formula, Δ t2Indicate R (t) from R (t)minIt rises to and effectively restores resistance R (t)effTime；Wherein R (t)eff=R (t)min
+0.8(R(t)max-R(t)min),R(t)effIt indicates from resistance minimum value R (t)minIt is gradually recovered, when amount of recovery is under 80% maximum
Difference (R (t) dropsmax-R(t)min) when corresponding resistance value；
It calculates dynamic electric resistor characteristic of the soil under the dash current and pH value and judges factor are as follows:
Q=k1(q1+q2)+q3
Resistance dynamic characteristic is characterized according to the range that dynamic electric resistor characteristic judges factor q；
Step 5: the dynamic electric resistor of vertical stratified soil is tested under different pH values: setting different tests pH value is set in difference
Determine under pH value, tested repeatedly according to above-mentioned the second to four step, carries out the dynamic electric resistor of vertical stratified soil under different pH values
Assessment.
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| CN110596623A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-20 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司检修分公司 | Earth electrode environment and earth current measuring platform based on mixed soil model |
| CN111985109B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-07-20 | 西南交通大学 | Lightning protection effective size coefficient evaluation method for horizontal grounding body at different temperatures |
| CN112305018A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-02 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | True simulation detection device for heat dissipation effect of low-thermal-resistance cable filling medium |
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| JP2001011668A (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-01-16 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Corrosion protective method of steel structure by conditioning soil |
| KR101006892B1 (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2011-01-12 | 제주산업정보대학 산학협력단 | Ground connection resistance measurement device that top and bottom difference is possible |
| JP2014169999A (en) * | 2013-03-02 | 2014-09-18 | Fluke Corp | Ground resistance measurement device and method |
| CN106872788A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 天津赛思科技发展有限公司 | A kind of power grounding resistance long distance control system |
| CN106400069B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2019-06-07 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of anti-corrosion method of copper or copper alloy power grid earthing or grounding means in acid soil |
| CN106569038A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-04-19 | 国网山西省电力公司阳泉供电公司 | Method for testing impulse grounding resistance of pole of power transmission line |
| CN107422239A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-01 | 重庆大学 | The more dash current discharge test device and methods of soil |
| CN108020725B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-10-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | A kind of earth mat impulse earthed resistance measurement method under the influence of different soils pH value |
| CN108008197B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-10-22 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | A kind of Tower Impulse Grounding Resistance measurement method considering soil space moisture distribution |
| CN107782976B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-09-10 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | It is a kind of meter and soil ion concentration impulse earthed resistance measurement method |
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