CN109188093A - The nonlinear test method of electric resistance of soil under a kind of different pH values - Google Patents
The nonlinear test method of electric resistance of soil under a kind of different pH values Download PDFInfo
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- CN109188093A CN109188093A CN201810914475.XA CN201810914475A CN109188093A CN 109188093 A CN109188093 A CN 109188093A CN 201810914475 A CN201810914475 A CN 201810914475A CN 109188093 A CN109188093 A CN 109188093A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
Abstract
The nonlinear test method of electric resistance of soil under a kind of different pH values, according to test method, a kind of nonlinear test platform of different pH values electric resistance of soil is built, the modulation of soil test product pH value and filling are carried out after the completion of building, pass through voltage and current signal of the experiment measurement soil test product in current pH value, full-time domain resistance curve is obtained according to voltage and current, and judge out electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic under current pH value, different pH values soil is modulated by acidity-basicity regulator, is tested to carry out electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic under different pH values.The present invention passes through full-time domain resistance wavy curve feature and is modified in conjunction with pH value, can electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic under accurate evaluation different pH values, be conducive to study the relevance between pH value and electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Grounding Technology of Modern Power System fields, and in particular to electric resistance of soil is non-linear under a kind of different pH values
The test method of characteristic.
Background technique
Electric power line pole tower is when by being struck by lightning, and because of the presence of pole tower ground resistance, tower top can generate very high current potential, mistake
High current potential will cause shaft tower to the counterattack of transmission line of electricity, in turn result in power transmission line short circuit, reduce the stability of electric system with
And reliability.The major function of electric power line pole tower earthing or grounding means is when tower top or lightning conducter are by being struck by lightning, effectively by thunder
Electric current leaks into the earth, therefore the electric current for flowing through earthing or grounding means is mainly lightning impulse current.The soil when large inrush current injection
Resistivity can decline, and nonlinear change is presented in electric resistance of soil.When the electric field strength generated in soil by diffusing is more than soil
When critical breakdown strength, nonlinear variation will occur for grounding body surrounding soil resistance.The non-linear resistance characteristic of electric resistance of soil
Facilitate reduce place into the soil in earthed system ground resistance, also contribute to certainly reduce Earth Surface transient state ground connection electricity
Position rises.It can be seen that the research of power transmission and distribution tower grounding device Lightning Characteristic is advanced reliable to establishing in smart grid
Transmission and distribution networks and power supply system, improve power grid security guarantee and defense system is of great significance.
Since electric power line pole tower earthing pole is embedded in soil, the resistance of impact characteristics and grounding body surrounding soil is non-thread
Property characteristic is closely related.PH value generates direct influence for the chargeability of soil, causes soil in high frequency large impact electricity
Electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic under stream effect becomes more complicated, therefore under lightning current effect, soil acidity or alkalinity and soil
Association Journal of Sex Research between non-linear resistance is of great significance, and soil impulse resistance nonlinear characteristic is ground by the country at present
Study carefully, the non-linear resistance process of soil is mainly simulated by Computer Simulation, and Computer Simulation can not accurately simulate soil
Earth pH value is to the nonlinear influence process of electric resistance of soil.In order to study under lightning current effect, soil acidity or alkalinity and electric resistance of soil
Relationship between non-linear is surveyed there is an urgent need to establish a kind of test method of electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic under different pH values
Non-linear resistance characteristic of the soil under dash current effect is tried, and considers the influence of soil acidity or alkalinity, to power transmission and distribution system
The security evaluation of system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the nonlinear test methods of electric resistance of soil under a kind of different pH values, accurately to build
Transient calculation model of the vertical earthing or grounding means under dash current effect, is the research and its optimization of tower grounding device impact characteristics
Design provides theories integration.
Realize that the technical solution of the object of the invention is as follows:
Step 1: building a kind of nonlinear test platform of different pH values electric resistance of soil, including chamber；Chamber is left
Side wall is provided with left copper electrode；Chamber right side wall is additionally provided with right copper electrode；Left copper electrode and right copper electrode are vertical circle
Disk and respectively abutting chamber or so inner wall；Further include earthing or grounding means, impulse current generator, divider, current acquisition module,
Host computer, high-tension cable, cable connector, copper conductor and minus screw.
Wherein: impulse current generator output end is connected to the high-voltage end of high-voltage bleeder, impulse current generator ground connection
End is connected to earthing or grounding means, and the high-voltage end of divider is connected to left copper electrode by high-tension cable and cable connector.Right copper electrode
It is connected to impulse current generator ground terminal by copper conductor, ground terminal is connected to earthing or grounding means；The ground terminal of divider connects
Communication ends to earthing or grounding means, divider are connected to host computer.Current acquisition module communication ends are connected to host computer, current acquisition
Module measurement end is connected to copper conductor.
Step 2: measuring soil test product pH value and filling: adjusting the pH value of soil test product using acidity-basicity regulator
For pH；The upper surface of chamber plate is opened, using pH test paper testing soil pH value, stablizes to test result three times and is set in test
When pH value is pH, fills full soil test product rear cover and live in panel, and tighten minus screw.
Step 3: voltage and electric current of the measurement soil test product in current pH value: opening impact current feedback circuit passes through
Divider measures the voltage between left copper electrode and right copper electrode and is transferred to host computer, flows through copper by current acquisition module measurement
The electric current of conducting wire is simultaneously transferred to host computer.
Step 4: assessment electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic: host computer passes through obtained voltage and current, obtains impulse resistance
Full-time domain R (t) wavy curve, and extract resistance minimum value R (t)min, resistance maximum value R (t)max, fall time Δ t1With
And effective recovery time Δ t2。
It calculates R (t)minWith the compound evaluation factors q of k1:
In formula, R (t)minFor resistance minimum value in R (t) wavy curve, R (t)maxIt is maximum for resistance in R (t) wavy curve
Value, Δ t1Indicate R (t) from maximum value R (t)maxDrop to minimum value R (t)minTime interval；Average fall off rate k indicates R
(t) from maximum value R (t)maxDrop to minimum value R (t)minAverage fall off rate, and have:
It calculates R (t)minWith Δ t1Compound evaluation factors q2:
Calculate correction factor k1:
In formula, pH is current pH value, and γ is minimum profile curvature radius, in which:
Wherein,
In formula, tm∈[ta+0.1,tb), taFor R (t)maxCorresponding moment, tbFor R (t)minCorresponding moment, above formula indicate to calculate
R (t) wavy curve is within the period of decline, from ta+ 0.1 moment, every 0.1 μ s of minor tick calculate the curvature half at each moment
Thus diameter can calculate wherein the smallest radius of curvature.
It calculates and judges remainder q3:
q3=0.01388log (0.389 Δ t1+0.464Δt2-41.15)
-0.0447log(R(t)min+1.08)
In formula, Δ t2Indicate R (t) from R (t)minIt is restored to and effectively restores resistance R (t)effTime；Wherein: R (t)eff=
R(t)min+0.8(R(t)max -R(t)min), R (t)effIndicate R (t) from resistance minimum value R (t)minIt is gradually recovered, works as amount of recovery
For 80% maximum decline difference (R (t)max -R(t)min) when corresponding resistance value.
It calculates non-linear resistance characteristic of the soil under the dash current and current pH value and judges factor are as follows:
Q=k1(q1+q2)+q3
When q ∈ (0,0.25] when, characterization non-linear resistance characteristic it is weaker, when q ∈ (0.25,0.65] when, characterization resistance it is non-
Linear characteristic is general, when q ∈ (0.65,0.9] when, characterization non-linear resistance characteristic it is stronger, when q ∈ (0.9,1] when, characterize resistance
Nonlinear characteristic is extremely strong.
Step 5: the non-linear test of different pH values electric resistance of soil: according to test requirements document, modulating the soil of different pH values
Test product, and second step is repeated to the 4th step, carry out the non-linear test of electric resistance of soil under different pH values.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are,
1) it can accurately control soil acidity or alkalinity to stablize in experiment setting value, ensure that full-time domain resistance wavy curve and reality
Test the accurate correspondence of pH value, can accurate evaluation electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic, be conducive to study pH value and electric resistance of soil it is non-
Relevance between linear characteristic.
2) the full-time domain non-linear resistance characteristic waveforms obtained based on host computer, can the variation of accurate characterization resistance wavy curve
Rule, and then effectively evaluate soil test product non-linear resistance characteristic under the pH value.
3) operation of the present invention is convenient, securely and reliably.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of experimental rig in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of test method in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is to reflect the full-time domain variation waveform legend of the impulse resistance of soil impulse resistance nonlinear characteristic.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
The test method of electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic under a kind of different pH values provided by the invention, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
Step 1: building the nonlinear test platform of electric resistance of soil
This test platform includes: chamber (01) as shown in Figure 1, and chamber (01) left side wall is provided with left copper electrode
(04), chamber (01) right side wall is additionally provided with right copper electrode (05), and left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) are vertical
Disk is simultaneously close on the left of chamber (01) and right side inner wall respectively.Further include earthing or grounding means (11), impulse current generator (12),
Divider (13), current acquisition module (14), host computer (15), high-tension cable (16), cable connector (17), copper conductor (18)
And minus screw (02).
Impulse current generator (12) output end is connected to the high-voltage end of high-voltage bleeder (13), impulse current generator
(12) ground terminal is connected to earthing or grounding means (11), and the high-voltage end of divider (13) is connected to left copper electricity by high-tension cable (16)
Pole (04).Right copper electrode (05) is connected to impulse current generator (12) ground terminal by copper conductor (18), and ground terminal is connected to
Earthing or grounding means (11) forms test loop.The ground terminal of divider (13) is connected to earthing or grounding means (11), and divider (13) leads to
Letter end is connected to host computer (15).Current acquisition module (14) communication ends are connected to host computer (15), current acquisition module (14)
Measurement end is connected to copper conductor (18).
Slotted head screw (02), left copper electrode (04), right copper electrode (05) are in the non-linear chamber of the electric resistance of soil
(01) inside.Wherein left copper electrode (04), right copper electrode (05) are the identical disk copper electrode of a packet size and are close to test
Case (01) inner wall.Chamber (01) internal diameter is 50*50*50cm, copper electrode radius 10cm, copper electrode thickness 0.3cm.
Step 2: adjusting soil test product pH value and carrying out soil test product filling
It the use of the pH value that acidity-basicity regulator adjusts soil test product is pH1: appropriate pH is added into soil test product and adjusts
During which soil test product is sufficiently stirred in agent, the pH value of test product is made to be evenly distributed, and stablizes to pH test result three times and sets in test
PH value is pH1When.The upper surface of chamber (01) plate is opened, to the interior filling soil test product of chamber (01), soil test product is equal
It is even and after being flushed with chamber upper surface, panel is covered, slotted head screw (02) is tightened.
Step 3: voltage and electric current of the measurement soil test product in current pH value
Under 20 DEG C of the soil moisture, the experiment condition of soil moisture content 12%, opening impact current feedback circuit (12) passes through
Divider (13) measures the voltage between left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) and is transferred to host computer (15), is adopted by electric current
Collection module (14) measurement flows through the electric current of copper conductor (18) and is transferred to host computer (15).
Step 4: assessment electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic
As shown in Fig. 2, host computer (15) passes through obtained voltage and current, it is bent to obtain full-time domain R (t) waveform of impulse resistance
Line (as shown in Figure 3), and extract resistance minimum value R (t)min(unit Ω), resistance maximum value R (t)max(unit Ω),
Fall time Δ t1(unit is μ s) and effectively recovery time Δ t2(unit is μ s), and current pH value is combined to carry out soil
The assessment of earth non-linear resistance characteristic.
It calculates R (t)minWith the compound evaluation factors q of k1:
In formula, resistance minimum value R (t)minFor resistance minimum value in R (t) wavy curve, resistance maximum value R (t)maxFor R
(t) resistance maximum value in wavy curve, fall time Δ t1Indicate R (t) from R (t)maxDrop to R (t)minTime interval；It is flat
Equal fall off rate k indicates R (t) from R (t)maxDrop to R (t)minAverage fall off rate, in which:
It calculates R (t)minWith Δ t1Compound evaluation factors q2:
Calculate correction factor k1:
In formula, pH is current pH value, and γ is minimum profile curvature radius, in which:
Wherein,
In formula, tm∈[ta+0.1,tb), taFor R (t)maxCorresponding moment, tbFor R (t)minCorresponding moment, above formula indicate to calculate
R (t) wavy curve is within the period of decline, from ta+ 0.1 moment, every 0.1 μ s of minor tick calculate the curvature half at each moment
Thus diameter can calculate wherein the smallest radius of curvature.
It calculates and judges remainder:
q3=0.01388log (0.389 Δ t1+0.464Δt2-41.15)
-0.0447log(R(t)min+1.08)
In formula, Δ t2Indicate R (t) from resistance minimum value R (t)minIt is restored to and effectively restores resistance R (t)effTime；Its
In:
R(t)eff=R (t)min+0.8(R(t)max-R(t)min), R (t)effIndicate R (t) from resistance minimum value R (t)minBy
Gradually restore, when amount of recovery is 80% maximum decline difference (R (t)max-R(t)min) when corresponding resistance value.
It calculates non-linear resistance characteristic of the soil under the dash current and current pH value and judges factor are as follows:
Q=k1(q1+q2)+q3
When q ∈ (0,0.25] when, characterization non-linear resistance characteristic it is weaker；When q ∈ (0.25,0.65] when, characterization resistance it is non-
Linear characteristic is general；When q ∈ (0.65,0.9] when, characterization non-linear resistance characteristic it is stronger；When q ∈ (0.9,1] when, characterize resistance
Nonlinear characteristic is extremely strong.
Step 5: the non-linear test of different pH values electric resistance of soil:
According to test requirements document, the soil test product of different pH values is modulated, the electric resistance of soil carried out under different pH values is non-thread
Property test.It such as also needs to carry out pH value to be pH2With pH3Test, modulation soil test product pH value be pH2, replace in soil case
Soil, progress pH value are pH2Under electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic test, similarly, progress pH value be pH3Under
The test of electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic.
Claims (1)
1. the nonlinear test method of electric resistance of soil under a kind of different pH values, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: building a kind of nonlinear test platform of different pH values electric resistance of soil: test platform includes: chamber
(01), chamber (01) left side wall is provided with left copper electrode (04), and chamber (01) right side wall is additionally provided with right copper electrode (05),
Left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) are vertical disk and are close on the left of chamber (01) respectively and right side inner wall；Also wrap
Include earthing or grounding means (11), impulse current generator (12), divider (13), current acquisition module (14), host computer (15), high pressure
Cable (16), cable connector (17), copper conductor (18) and minus screw (02)；
Wherein: impulse current generator (12) output end is connected to the high-voltage end of divider (13), impulse current generator (12)
Ground terminal is connected to earthing or grounding means (11), and the high-voltage end of divider (13) is connected to cable connector by high-tension cable (16)
(17), cable connector (17) is connect with left copper electrode (04)；Right copper electrode (05) is connected to dash current by copper conductor (18)
Generator (12) ground terminal, ground terminal are connected to earthing or grounding means (11)；The ground terminal of divider (13) is connected to earthing or grounding means
(11), the communication ends of divider (13) are connected to host computer (15)；Current acquisition module (14) communication ends are connected to host computer
(15), current acquisition module (14) measurement end is connected to copper conductor (18)；
Step 2: measuring soil test product pH value and filling: it the use of the pH value that acidity-basicity regulator adjusts soil test product is pH,
Using pH test paper testing soil pH value, stablizes when test result three times when test sets pH value as pH, open test
The upper surface of case (01) plate fills full soil test product rear cover and lives in panel, tightens minus screw (02)；
Step 3: voltage and electric current of the measurement soil test product in current pH value: opening impact current feedback circuit (12) passes through
Divider (13) measures the voltage between left copper electrode (04) and right copper electrode (05) and is transferred to host computer (15), is adopted by electric current
Collection module (14) measurement flows through the electric current of copper conductor (18) and is transferred to host computer (15)；
Step 4: assessment electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic: host computer (15) passes through obtained voltage and current signals, obtains impact
Full-time domain R (t) wavy curve of resistance, and carry out the assessment of electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic；
It calculates R (t)minWith the compound evaluation factors q of k1:
In formula, resistance minimum value R (t)minFor resistance minimum value in R (t) wavy curve, resistance maximum value R (t)maxFor R (t) wave
Resistance maximum value in shape curve, fall time Δ t1Indicate R (t) from R (t)maxDrop to R (t)minTime interval；Under average
Reduction of speed rate k indicates R (t) from R (t)maxDrop to R (t)minAverage fall off rate；Wherein:
It calculates R (t)minWith Δ t1Compound evaluation factors q2:
Calculate correction factor k1:
In formula, pH is current pH value, and γ is minimum profile curvature radius, in which:
Wherein,
In formula, tm∈[ta+0.1,tb), taFor R (t)maxCorresponding moment, tbFor R (t)minCorresponding moment, above formula indicate to calculate R (t)
Wavy curve is within the period of decline, from ta+ 0.1 moment, every 0.1 μ s of minor tick calculate the radius of curvature at each moment, by
This can calculate wherein the smallest radius of curvature；
It calculates and judges remainder q3:
q3=0.01388log (0.389 Δ t1+0.464Δt2-41.15)-0.0447log(R(t)min+1.08)
In formula, effective recovery time Δ t2Indicate R (t) from resistance minimum value R (t)minIt is restored to and effectively restores resistance R (t)eff's
Time；Wherein: R (t)eff=R (t)min+0.8(R(t)max-R(t)min), R (t)effIndicate R (t) from resistance minimum value R (t)min
It is gradually recovered, when amount of recovery is 80% maximum decline difference (R (t)max-R(t)min) when corresponding resistance value；
It calculates non-linear resistance characteristic of the soil under the dash current and current pH value and judges factor q:
Q=k1(q1+q2)+q3
When q ∈ (0,0.25] when, characterization electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic it is weaker, when q ∈ (0.25,0.65] when, characterization soil electricity
Hinder nonlinear characteristic it is general, when q ∈ (0.65,0.9] when, characterization electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic it is stronger, when q ∈ (0.9,1] when,
It is extremely strong to characterize electric resistance of soil nonlinear characteristic；
Step 5: the non-linear test of different pH values electric resistance of soil: according to test requirements document, modulating the soil examination of different pH values
Product repeat second step to the 4th step, carry out the non-linear test of electric resistance of soil under different pH values.
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| CN113791125A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-14 | 国网福建省电力有限公司漳州供电公司 | Grounding device good characteristic evaluation system based on soil humidity |
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| CN113791125A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-14 | 国网福建省电力有限公司漳州供电公司 | Grounding device good characteristic evaluation system based on soil humidity |
| CN113791125B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-10-10 | 国网福建省电力有限公司漳州供电公司 | Grounding device excellent characteristic evaluation system based on soil humidity |
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