CN107102219B - A kind of impact diffusing pilot system for the compound earthing material of graphite - Google Patents
A kind of impact diffusing pilot system for the compound earthing material of graphite Download PDFInfo
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- CN107102219B CN107102219B CN201710132966.4A CN201710132966A CN107102219B CN 107102219 B CN107102219 B CN 107102219B CN 201710132966 A CN201710132966 A CN 201710132966A CN 107102219 B CN107102219 B CN 107102219B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention belongs to electric system Lightning protection field more particularly to a kind of impact diffusing pilot systems for the compound earthing material of graphite.The present invention includes lightning current impulse grounding pilot system, power frequency diffusing pilot system and small/amplitude impact three parts of diffusing pilot system, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field and the relevant knowledge of high-voltage engineering, establish the full-size(d) test of 1:1, completely show characteristic of the compound earthing material of graphite under lightning current, power current and small/amplitude dash current, the advantage under advantage of the compound earthing material of graphite in terms of ground connection, especially reply dash current is clearly embodied for testing crew.Test result is true and reliable, and powerful experiment support is provided for user of service's practical application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric system Lightning protection fields more particularly to a kind of for the compound earthing material of graphite
Impact diffusing pilot system.
Background technique
With the development of power grid, electric power facility construction just increases year by year, and China has a vast territory, especially extra-high voltage in recent years
The construction of power grid, high voltage long-distance transmission line are trans-regional increasingly wider.With southern area it is in the majority be distributed within the border it is multiple
Thunderbolt intensity region, multiple lightning strike accident bring great threat to the safe and reliable operation of transmission line of electricity.Due to metallic ground
There are serious skin effect and inductive effects during diffusing for body, and the stock utilization of metallic ground body and diffusing is caused to have
Effect length be greatly lowered, this be also presently, there are a technological difficulties.
The grounding resistance of electric system earthing or grounding means is the major parameter for assessing earthing effect, especially transmission line of electricity bar
The ground resistance of tower earthing or grounding means directly influences the lightning protection effect of route, especially on the resistance to thunder level of transmission line of electricity influence compared with
Greatly.How to guarantee good economic benefit simultaneously, is reaching the powerline pole tower ground resistance in soil resistivity area higher
To become electric system urgent problem to be solved to regulation.
In recent years, it with the development of Grounding Technology of Modern Power System, in grounding material improvement, the design of ground connection web frame, connects
Earth mat anti-corrosion, friction reducer drop resistance etc. achieve biggish progress, but for the test of novel grounded material, grounded screen
Structure design verification etc. still suffers from many difficulties.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of impact diffusings for earthing material to test system
System, using the present invention can do the test of lightning current impulse grounding for NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITEs earthing materials such as graphite, power frequency diffusing is tested
With small/amplitude impact diffusing test, meet requirement of the power grid for the various aspects of ground connection.The present invention connects for most of at present
Using the deficiency simulated with equivalent mini Mod method, this pilot system realizes the impact of the lightning current under full-size(d) for ground test
Test for ground, the test of power frequency diffusing and small/amplitude impact diffusing test, the conclusion obtained with guarantee test can greatly may be used
Meet the requirement of Practical Project by property.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of for the compound earthing material of graphite
Impact diffusing pilot system, including round circulation pole, external earth mat, grounding body, hookup, it is characterised in that: the circle
Shape circulation pole be test place, a diameter of 40 meters；First ground slot buried depth be placed in round circulation extremely in, wherein first ground connection
Slot is that length is 12m, and depth 1m, width is the rectangle ground slot of 2m；The thin sand and soil of first ground slot is 30 mesh；To first
After ground slot sandy soil precipitate completely, tap length is 10.5m again in the first ground slot, and depth 0.7m, width is 0.6m's
Rectangle ground slot forms the second ground slot, lays grounding body in the second ground slot；The grounding body is by the compound ground connection of graphite
Net composition is made of galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material of graphite；When by being made of the compound grounded screen of graphite, graphite is compound to be connect
Ground material diameter is 28mm；The box width of the compound grounded screen of graphite is 5m, graphite compound grounded screen box outer ray length
4m；When being made of galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material of graphite, galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material length of graphite are
10.5m, galvanized steel bar diameter are 12mm；The compound earthing material diameter of graphite is 28mm；Galvanized steel bar and the compound ground connection material of graphite
Material is embedded in the second ground slot, and buried depth is 0.7m, between the two every 0.6m.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above for being directed to the compound earthing material of graphite, it is characterised in that: described
The first ground slot sandy soil actual measurement resistivity be 1200 Ω m.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above for being directed to the compound earthing material of graphite, it is characterised in that: also wrap
Lightning current impulse grounding hookup is included, wherein the compound grounded screen of graphite is directly connected to round circulation pole, current transformer
Lateral circuit string is in the route of the compound grounded screen of graphite and round circulation pole；The compound grounded screen concatenation dash current hair of graphite
It is connect after raw device, ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance with the compound grounded screen of graphite, divider is connected in parallel on the compound grounded screen of graphite
Between external earth mat, oscillograph is connected among divider, the secondary side of current transformer is connected on oscillograph；The ball
Gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance are for being adjusted lightning current size, and oscillograph for measuring the voltage under lightning current respectively
And electric current.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above for being directed to the compound earthing material of graphite, it is characterised in that: also wrap
Power frequency diffusing hookup is included, wherein the ground terminal of pressure regulator is connect with external earth mat and round circulation pole, the adjusting of pressure regulator
Connect after the series electrical flow table of end with down conductor, voltmeter is connected in parallel on the two sides of pressure regulator, pressure regulator two sides with transformation is isolated
Device connection.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above for being directed to the compound earthing material of graphite, it is characterised in that: also wrap
Small/amplitude impact diffusing test node circuit is included, medium and small/amplitude impulse current generator one terminates external ground net, separately
One termination down conductor, the compound grounded screen of graphite are directly connected to circulation pole, and a lateral circuit string of current transformer is outside
In the route of grounded screen and circulation pole；Divider is in parallel with small/amplitude impulse current generator, oscillograph respectively with divider
It is connected with the secondary side of current transformer.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above for being directed to the compound earthing material of graphite, it is characterised in that: described
Hookup include power supply device and monitoring device, the external earth mat is connected with power supply device metal shell,
Monitoring device is used for monitoring test circuit voltage.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that
1, response of the medium around earthing or grounding means and grounding body under lightning current impact is of short duration and considerably complicated object
Reason process only relies on simulation means and reappears that this physical process difficulty is larger, and the physical model of transient state diffusing process is needed
The characteristics of the dispersed flow such as inductive effect, spark discharge effect are considered simultaneously, based on the test result under full-size(d), can more approach reality
Border effect.
2, under identical experimental enviroment, it is only necessary to which the type for adjusting different electrical power can realize three different examinations
It tests, brings convenience for the implementation of test.
3, the practical diffusing effect of different earthing materials and resistance to can according to the experimental result of different materials grounding body, be compared
By the ability of lightning stroke surge voltage, thus the superiority and inferiority of the grounding characteristics of comparative analysis difference earthing material.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the invention；
Fig. 2 is lightning current impulse grounding test platform of the invention；
Fig. 3 is power frequency diffusing test platform of the invention；
Fig. 4 is that small/amplitude of the invention impacts diffusing test platform；
Fig. 5 is the power grid size of earthing material in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, pilot system of the invention includes round circulation pole, external earth mat, grounding body, power supply device and prison
Survey device.Round circulation pole be test place (the circulation pole place be choose one piece of diameter be 40m circle, build
Make conveniently, circulation extremely in be precipitating test soil, by addition moisture and other soil types can be mixed adjust
The soil resistivity in circulation pole place, so that the requirement of specific soil resistivity needed for reaching different tests).First ground slot
According to the buried depth of live actual arrangement be placed in round circulation extremely in, first tap length is 12m, and depth 1m, width is 2m's
Rectangle ground slot.To guarantee that different earthing materials are consistent with soil contact condition, the thin sand and soil of 30 mesh is selected to be backfilled, sand
The about 1200 Ω m of actual measurement resistivity of soil.After the first ground slot sandy soil precipitate completely, length is excavated again in the first ground slot
Degree is 10.5m, and depth 0.7m, width is the rectangle ground slot of 0.6m, as the second ground slot.It is laid in second ground slot
Graphite bonded earth electrode.External earth mat is connected with power supply device metal shell, and protection power source device reliable ground is played
Effect, power supply device is selected by test function, if carrying out the measurement of power frequency earthing resistance, power supply device needs to design
Power frequency supply is connected together with conducting wire and grounding body, collectively forms impact diffusing test for ground system.Power supply device in the present invention
For providing power supply, electric current and electricity of the monitoring device due to flowing through grounding body during monitoring test to grounded screen during testing
Pressure.
Fig. 2 is lightning current impulse grounding test platform of the invention.The examination of round circulation extremely this test platform in figure
Place is tested, the compound earthing material of graphite is placed in the second ground slot by certain buried depth, and rest part is power supply device, for ground connection
Material provides lightning current, power frequency or the dash current of simulation.In the present invention, the second ground slot is arranged in the first ground slot, and
First ground slot be located at round circulation extremely in, may insure that experimental enviroment is consistent in this way, it is accurate that raising is tested in different places
Property, while the present apparatus can make result approach actual effect based on the test result under full-size(d), while can also be according to not
With the experimental result of material grounding body, the practical diffusing effect of different earthing materials and the energy of tolerance lightning stroke surge voltage are compared
Power, thus the superiority and inferiority of the grounding characteristics of comparative analysis difference earthing material.Below by taking the compound earthing material of graphite as an example, by this
Lightning current impulse grounding pilot system can carry out lightning current impulse grounding test, can be with accurate simulation actual operating mode
The application of earthing material provides valuable measurement data.
Earthing material uses Φ 28mm graphite bonded earth electrode in the test of lightning current impulse grounding in the present embodiment.
The compound grounded screen size of the graphite for needing to complete in the present embodiment as shown in figure 5, electrode type be box radial type,
Geometric proportion ruler is 5:1, is grounded body lengtha=5m,l=4m(wherein a be the compound grounded screen of graphite box width,lIt is multiple for graphite
Splice grafting earth mat box outer ray length), beam mode is 4 down conductor beams.
As shown in Fig. 2, lightning current impulse grounding hookup of the invention is that the compound grounded screen of graphite and circulation are extremely direct
Connection, a lateral circuit string of current transformer is in the route of the compound grounded screen of graphite Yu circulation pole；The compound grounded screen of graphite
It is connect after concatenation impulse current generator, ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance with the compound grounded screen of graphite, divider is connected in parallel on
Between the compound grounded screen of graphite and external earth mat, oscillograph is connected among divider, the secondary side of current transformer, which is connected to, to be shown
On wave device.Ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance are for being adjusted lightning current size in the present invention, and oscillograph is for distinguishing
Measure the voltage and current under lightning current.
Followed by power-frequency earthing simulation test, steps are as follows:
1. the compound grounded screen of graphite according to the buried depth of live actual arrangement be placed in round circulation extremely in, first tap length is
12m, depth 1m, width are the first ground slot of 2m.To guarantee that different earthing materials are consistent with soil contact condition, 30 are selected
Purpose thin sand and soil is backfilled, the about 1200 Ω m of actual measurement resistivity of sandy soil.After sandy soil precipitate completely, tap length again
For 10.5m, depth 0.7m, width is the second ground slot of 0.6m.The compound ground connection mesh-shaped such as Fig. 5 of graphite.Graphite is compound to be connect
The outer side in the second ground slot, but its main body (first ground connection in the second ground slot can be set in the earthing material of earth mat
It is 12m, depth 1m, width 2m that the shape that the excavation of slot is arranged according to Fig. 5, which first digs length, is then sunk in the first ground slot
Soil types needed for forming sediment, soil resistivity needed for regulating test, then excavates length again on the basis of first groove
Degree is 10.5m, and depth 0.7m, width is the second ground slot of 0.6m, and wherein the a+l(a and l of the compound grounded screen of graphite are to connect
The length of ground body) length be total length 10.5m that 9m is less than the second ground slot, and the diameter of grounding body is only as previously described
It is much smaller than the width 0.6m of ground slot in tens mm, so being that can satisfy requirement completely.)
2. carry out wiring as shown in Figure 2, when test, adjusts the waveform parameter of impulse current generator, guarantees its output
Lightning current waveform is 8/20 μ s lightning current test waveform of standard.Test adjusts the amplitude of dash current by adjusting charging voltage
(20kA~75kA), and increase the amplitude of dash current as far as possible when equipment allows to simulate the true thunder and lightning of nature and flow into
Ground diffusing feature.It is tested three times in every level-one charging voltage, and guarantees that the impulse current waveform between each time has preferable one
Cause property, passes through waveform under oscillograph recording.
3. carrying out data processing, impulse earthed resistance value and impact coefficient are obtained.
Then the test of power frequency diffusing is carried out, power frequency diffusing hookup is the ground terminal and external earth mat and circle of pressure regulator
Circulation pole connects, and connect after the adjustable side series electrical flow table of pressure regulator with down conductor, voltmeter is connected in parallel on the two of pressure regulator
Side, pressure regulator two sides are connect with isolating transformer.
The step of power frequency diffusing of the invention is tested is as follows:
1. by length be the Ф 12mm of 10.5m galvanized steel bar (μ r=636,ρ=2×10-6Ω m) and Ф 28mm
The compound earthing material of soft graphite (μ r=1,ρ=3.25×10-5Ω m), two kinds of earthing materials are embedded in the second ground slot.Buried depth
It is 0.7m, between the two every 0.6m.To reduce influence of the down conductor to horizontal grounding objects diffusing result, down conductor is adopted
It is insulated with insulating sleeve.
2. measure grounding body diffusing, 3 head end, midpoint and tail end measurement points are respectively taken, is apart from downlead respectively
0.2m, 5.1m and 10.1m.It is real when ensuring to test using the electric current of Rogowski coil measurement grounding body since on-load voltage is higher
Test the personal safety of personnel.
3. power supply uses power current, gradually boost through transformer, to measure enough data, obtains diffusing test
It is closer to the result of truth.
Small/amplitude impact diffusing test node circuit of the invention is as shown in figure 4, small/amplitude impulse current generator
One termination external ground net, another termination down conductor, the compound grounded screen of graphite are directly connected to circulation pole, current transformer
Lateral circuit string is in the route of outer grounded screen Yu circulation pole；Divider is in parallel with small/amplitude impulse current generator, shows
Wave device is connect with the secondary side of divider and current transformer respectively.Electricity when oscillograph is for measurement impact diffusing test respectively
Pressure and electric current, circulation pole is connected by current transformer with external earth mat in Fig. 4, and in Fig. 3 circulation extremely directly with change is isolated
The external earth mat of depressor is connected, and has certain difference.
Then small/amplitude impact diffusing test is carried out, steps are as follows:
1. on the basis of above-mentioned industrial frequency experiment, it is only necessary to change power supply, rest part is not changed.
2. measure small magnitude impact diffusing test, using SPD-I Portable electric surging protector test instrument, (this is a
Integrate portable multi-function surge protector (SPD) performance parameter test of combination wave generator and high voltage direct current generator
Instrument, which can produce the 1.2/50 μ s--8/20 μ s dash current of 6kV/3kA and maximum amplitude is that 2kV is straight
Flow high voltage；For testing the state of lightning protection component, surge protector under dash current effect, operation voltage U1mA and leakage
Electric current 0.75U1mA provides effective means of testing for evaluation SPD characteristic, easy to connect, easy to operate, in actual operation
Serve as small-sized impulse current generator), it is connected at down conductor, passes through oscillograph recording test data.
3. measure amplitude impact diffusing test, led to using indoor impulse current generator through long range lead
Outdoor ground slot, is connected at down conductor, passes through oscillograph recording test data.
Due to graphite grounding body diameter can not proportionally ruler contracting ratio, grounding resistance need to be finally modified,
Obtain the impact coefficient in corresponding situation.
The present invention establishes the full-size(d) test of 1:1 according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field and the relevant knowledge of high-voltage engineering, complete
Site preparation shows characteristic of the compound earthing material of graphite under lightning current, power current and small/amplitude dash current, for test
Personnel clearly embody the advantage under advantage of the compound earthing material of graphite in terms of ground connection, especially reply dash current.
Test result is true and reliable, and powerful experiment support is provided for user of service's practical application.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of impact diffusing pilot system for the compound earthing material of graphite, including round circulation pole, external earth mat, ground connection
Body, experimental rig, it is characterised in that: the round circulation pole be test place, a diameter of 40 meters；First ground slot buries
Deeply be placed in round circulation extremely in, wherein the first ground slot is the rectangle ground slot that length is 12m, depth 1m, width are 2m；
The thin sand and soil of first ground slot is 30 mesh；After the first ground slot sandy soil precipitate completely, tap length again in the first ground slot
The rectangle ground slot for being 0.6m for 10.5m, depth 0.7m, width forms the second ground slot, lays and connects in the second ground slot
Ground body；The grounding body is made of the compound grounded screen of graphite or is made of galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material of graphite；By stone
When black compound grounded screen composition, the compound earthing material diameter of graphite is 28mm；The box width of the compound grounded screen of graphite is 5m, stone
Black compound grounded screen box outer ray length 4m；When being made of galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material of graphite, galvanized steel bar and
The compound earthing material length of graphite is 10.5m, and galvanized steel bar diameter is 12mm；The compound earthing material diameter of graphite is 28mm；
Galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material of graphite are embedded in the second ground slot, and buried depth is 0.7m, between the two every 0.6m, hookup
For lightning current impulse grounding hookup, wherein the compound grounded screen of graphite is directly connected to round circulation pole, current transformer
Lateral circuit string is in the route of the compound grounded screen of graphite and round circulation pole；The compound grounded screen concatenation dash current hair of graphite
It is connect after raw device, ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance with the compound grounded screen of graphite, divider is connected in parallel on the compound grounded screen of graphite
Between external earth mat, oscillograph is connected among divider, the secondary side of current transformer is connected on oscillograph；The ball
Gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance are for being adjusted lightning current size, and oscillograph for measuring the voltage under lightning current respectively
And electric current.
2. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 for the compound earthing material of graphite, it is characterised in that: institute
The actual measurement resistivity for the first ground slot sandy soil stated is 1200 Ω m.
3. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 or 2 for the compound earthing material of graphite, feature exist
In: hookup is power frequency diffusing hookup, and wherein the ground terminal of pressure regulator is connect with external earth mat and round circulation pole, is adjusted
It is connect after the adjustable side series electrical flow table of depressor with down conductor, voltmeter is connected in parallel on the two sides of pressure regulator, pressure regulator two sides
It is connect with isolating transformer.
4. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 or 2 for the compound earthing material of graphite, feature exist
In: hookup is that small/amplitude impacts diffusing test node circuit, and medium and small/amplitude impulse current generator one terminates
External earth mat, another termination down conductor, the compound grounded screen of graphite are directly connected to circulation pole, the primary side of current transformer
Circuit string is in the route of outer grounded screen Yu circulation pole；Divider is in parallel with small/amplitude impulse current generator, oscillograph point
It is not connect with the secondary side of divider and current transformer.
5. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 or 2 for the compound earthing material of graphite, feature exist
In: the hookup includes power supply device and monitoring device, and external earth mat is connected with power supply device metal shell,
Monitoring device is used for monitoring test circuit voltage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710132966.4A CN107102219B (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | A kind of impact diffusing pilot system for the compound earthing material of graphite |
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| CN201710132966.4A CN107102219B (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | A kind of impact diffusing pilot system for the compound earthing material of graphite |
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| CN107102219B true CN107102219B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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| CN108845185A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-11-20 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | The measurement of soft graphite grounding body ground resistance and accelerated corrosion test device and method |
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| US5339038A (en) * | 1992-07-06 | 1994-08-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Assembly for detecting and locating cable pinching |
| CN101030458A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-09-05 | 王跃山 | Non-corrosive assembled grounding electrode and impedance-reducing material and its production |
| CN103424652A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-04 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Impact performance simulation test method and device for grounding body with large simulated size and large amplitude value |
| CN104332727A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-04 | 国家电网公司 | Concentrated grounding device using displacement current to improve flow dispersion characteristic and arrangement method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-03-08 CN CN201710132966.4A patent/CN107102219B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5339038A (en) * | 1992-07-06 | 1994-08-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Assembly for detecting and locating cable pinching |
| CN101030458A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-09-05 | 王跃山 | Non-corrosive assembled grounding electrode and impedance-reducing material and its production |
| CN103424652A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-04 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Impact performance simulation test method and device for grounding body with large simulated size and large amplitude value |
| CN104332727A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-04 | 国家电网公司 | Concentrated grounding device using displacement current to improve flow dispersion characteristic and arrangement method thereof |
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