CN107102219A - A kind of impact diffusing pilot system that earthing material is combined for graphite - Google Patents
A kind of impact diffusing pilot system that earthing material is combined for graphite Download PDFInfo
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- CN107102219A CN107102219A CN201710132966.4A CN201710132966A CN107102219A CN 107102219 A CN107102219 A CN 107102219A CN 201710132966 A CN201710132966 A CN 201710132966A CN 107102219 A CN107102219 A CN 107102219A
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- graphite
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- earthing material
- grounded screen
- diffusing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
Abstract
The invention belongs to power system Lightning protection field, more particularly to a kind of impact diffusing pilot system that earthing material is combined for graphite.The present invention includes lightning current impulse grounding pilot system, power frequency diffusing pilot system and small/three parts of amplitude impact diffusing pilot system, according to the Theory of Electromagnetic Field knowledge related to high-voltage engineering, establishes 1:1 full-size(d) experiment, intactly show graphite and be combined characteristic of the earthing material under lightning current, power current and small/amplitude dash current, graphite is clearly embodied for testing crew and is combined advantage of the earthing material in terms of ground connection, the advantage under dash current is especially tackled.Result of the test is true and reliable, and powerful experiment support is provided for user of service's practical application.
Description
Technical field
Earthing material is combined the invention belongs to power system Lightning protection field, more particularly to a kind of graphite that is directed to
Impact diffusing pilot system.
Background technology
With the development of power network, electric power facility construction just increases year by year, and China is vast in territory, especially extra-high voltage in recent years
The construction of power network, high voltage long-distance transmission line is trans-regional more and more wider.With southern area it is in the majority be distributed with the border it is multiple
Thunderbolt intensity region, multiple lightning strike accident brings great threat to the safe and reliable operation of transmission line of electricity.Due to metallic ground
There is serious Kelvin effect and inductive effect in body, cause the stock utilization and diffusing of metallic ground body and have during diffusing
Effect length is greatly lowered, and this is also the technological difficulties that presently, there are.
The grounding resistance of power system earthing or grounding means is the major parameter for assessing earthing effect, particularly transmission line of electricity bar
The grounding resistance of tower earthing or grounding means directly influences the lightning protection effect of circuit, especially on the resistance to thunder level influence of transmission line of electricity compared with
Greatly.How to ensure good economic benefit simultaneously, reaching the powerline pole tower ground resistance in soil resistivity area higher
To turn into power system urgent problem to be solved to code.
In recent years, with the development of Grounding Technology of Modern Power System, in grounding material improvement, grounded screen structure design, connect
Larger progress is achieved in terms of earth mat anti-corrosion, friction reducer drop resistance, but the experiment, grounded screen for novel grounded material
Structure design verification etc. still suffers from many difficulties.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, testing system the invention provides a kind of impact diffusing for earthing material
System, can do the experiment of lightning current impulse grounding, power frequency diffusing using the present invention for NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE earthing materials such as graphite and test
With small/amplitude impact diffusing experiment, requirement of the power network for each side of ground connection is met.The present invention connects for most of at present
Ground experiment is using simulation and the deficiency of equivalent mini Mod method, and this pilot system realizes the lightning current impact under full-size(d)
Test for ground, the experiment of power frequency diffusing and small/amplitude impact diffusing experiment, the conclusion drawn with guarantee test greatly can may be used
The requirement of Practical Project is met by property.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：It is a kind of to be combined earthing material for graphite
Impact diffusing pilot system, including circular circulation pole, external earth mat, grounding body, hookup, it is characterised in that：Described circle
Shape circulation pole is the place of experiment, its a diameter of 40 meters；During first ground slot buried depth is placed in circular circulation extremely, wherein the first ground connection
Groove is that length is 12m, and depth is 1m, and width is 2m rectangle ground slot；The thin sand and soil of first ground slot is 30 mesh；Treat first
After ground slot sandy soil precipitation completely, tap length is 10.5m again in the first ground slot, and depth is 0.7m, and width is 0.6m's
Grounding body is laid in rectangle ground slot the second ground slot of formation, the second ground slot；Described grounding body is by the compound ground connection of graphite
Net composition is made up of galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material of graphite；When being constituted by being combined grounded screen by graphite, graphite is compound to be connect
Ground material diameter is 28mm；The box width that graphite is combined grounded screen is 5m, and graphite is combined grounded screen square frame outer ray length
4m；When being made up of galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material of graphite, galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material length of graphite are
10.5m, a diameter of 12mm of galvanized steel bar；Graphite is combined a diameter of 28mm of earthing material；Galvanized steel bar and the compound ground connection material of graphite
Material is embedded in the second ground slot, and buried depth is 0.7m, between the two every 0.6m.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above that earthing material is combined for graphite, it is characterised in that：It is described
The first ground slot sandy soil actual measurement resistivity be 1200 Ω m.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above that earthing material is combined for graphite, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
Lightning current impulse grounding hookup is included, wherein graphite is combined grounded screen and is directly connected to circular circulation pole, current transformer
Lateral circuit string is combined in circuit of the grounded screen with circular circulation pole in graphite；Graphite is combined grounded screen concatenation dash current hair
Grounded screen is combined after raw device, ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance with graphite to be connected, divider is connected in parallel on graphite and is combined grounded screen
Between external earth mat, connection oscillograph in the middle of divider, the secondary side of current transformer is connected on oscillograph；Described ball
Gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance are used to lightning current size is adjusted, the voltage that oscillograph is used under measurement lightning current respectively
And electric current.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above that earthing material is combined for graphite, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
Power frequency diffusing hookup is included, the wherein earth terminal of pressure regulator is connected with external earth mat and circular circulation pole, the regulation of pressure regulator
It is connected after the series electrical flow table of end with down conductor, voltmeter is connected in parallel on the both sides of pressure regulator, and pressure regulator both sides are with isolating transformation
Device is connected.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above that earthing material is combined for graphite, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
Small/amplitude impact diffusing test node circuit is included, its medium and small/termination external ground net of amplitude impulse current generator one, separately
One termination down conductor, graphite is combined grounded screen and is directly connected to circulation pole, and a lateral circuit string of current transformer is outside
In the circuit of grounded screen and circulation pole；Divider is in parallel with small/amplitude impulse current generator, oscillograph respectively with divider
The secondary side connection of summation current transformer.
According to the impact diffusing pilot system as described above that earthing material is combined for graphite, it is characterised in that：It is described
Hookup include supply unit and monitoring device, described external earth mat is connected with supply unit metal shell,
Monitoring device is used for monitoring test circuit voltage.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the advantages that and beneficial effect：
1st, response of the medium around earthing or grounding means and grounding body under lightning current impact is of short duration and considerably complicated physics mistake
Journey, only relies on simulation means and reappears that this physical process difficulty is larger, and for transient state diffusing process physical model need it is same
When consider inductive effect, the characteristics of the dispersed flow such as spark discharge effect, based on the result of the test under full-size(d), can more approach actual effect
Really.
2nd, under identical experimental enviroment, it is only necessary to which three different examinations can just be realized by adjusting the type of different electrical power
Test, facility is brought for the implementation of experiment.
3rd, the actual diffusing effects of different earthing materials can according to the experimental result of different materials grounding body, be contrasted and resistance to
By the ability of thunderbolt surge voltage, so that the quality of the grounding characteristics of comparative analysis difference earthing material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the invention；
Fig. 2 is lightning current impulse grounding test platform of the invention；
Fig. 3 is power frequency diffusing test platform of the invention；
Fig. 4 impacts diffusing test platform for small/amplitude of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the power network size of earthing material in embodiment.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the pilot system of the present invention includes circular circulation pole, external earth mat, grounding body, supply unit and prison
Survey device.Circular circulation pole is the place of experiment（The circulation pole place is the one piece of a diameter of 40m chosen circle, is built
Make conveniently, the soil of the extremely interior experiment for being precipitation of circulation can be adjusted by adding moisture and mixing other soil types
The soil resistivity in circulation pole place, so that the requirement of the specific soil resistivity needed for reaching different tests）.First ground slot
During buried depth according to live actual arrangement is placed in circular circulation extremely, its first tap length is 12m, and depth is 1m, and width is 2m's
Rectangle ground slot.To ensure that different earthing materials are consistent with soil contact condition, the thin sand and soil of 30 mesh of selection is backfilled, husky
The Ω m of actual measurement resistivity about 1200 of soil.After after the first ground slot sandy soil completely precipitation, length is excavated again in the first ground slot
Spend for 10.5m, depth is 0.7m, width is 0.6m rectangle ground slot, as the second ground slot.Laid in second ground slot
Graphite bonded earth electrode.External earth mat is connected with supply unit metal shell, plays protection supply unit reliable ground
Effect, supply unit is selected by test function, if carrying out the measurement of power frequency earthing resistance, supply unit needs design
Power frequency supply, is connected together with wire with grounding body, collectively forms impact diffusing test for ground system.Supply unit in the present invention
For providing power supply, electric current and electricity of the monitoring device due to flowing through grounding body during monitoring test to grounded screen in process of the test
Pressure.
Fig. 2 is lightning current impulse grounding test platform of the invention.The examination of circular circulation extremely this test platform in figure
Place is tested, graphite is combined earthing material and is placed in by certain buried depth in the second ground slot, and remainder is supply unit, for ground connection
Material provides lightning current, power frequency or the dash current of simulation.In the present invention, the second ground slot is arranged in the first ground slot, and
It during first ground slot is located at circular circulation extremely, so may insure that experimental enviroment is consistent, improve in the accurate of different places experiment
Property, while the present apparatus can make result approach actual effect based on the result of the test under full-size(d), while can also be according to not
With the experimental result of material grounding body, the actual diffusing effect of different earthing materials and the energy of tolerance thunderbolt surge voltage are contrasted
Power, so that the quality of the grounding characteristics of comparative analysis difference earthing material.Below so that graphite is combined earthing material as an example, by this
Lightning current impulse grounding pilot system, can carry out lightning current impulse grounding experiment, can be with accurate simulation actual operating mode
The application of earthing material provides valuable measurement data.
Earthing material uses Φ 28mm graphite bonded earth electrodes in the experiment of lightning current impulse grounding in the present embodiment.
Needed in the present embodiment complete graphite be combined grounded screen size as shown in figure 5, electrode type be square frame radial type,
Geometric proportion chi is 5:1, it is grounded body lengtha=5m,l=4m（Wherein a is the box width that graphite is combined grounded screen,lIt is multiple for graphite
Splice grafting earth mat square frame outer ray length）, beam mode is 4 down conductor beams.
As shown in Fig. 2 the lightning current impulse grounding hookup of the present invention is combined grounded screen for graphite and circulation is extremely direct
Connection, a lateral circuit string of current transformer is combined in circuit of the grounded screen with circulation pole in graphite；Graphite is combined grounded screen
Grounded screen is combined after concatenation impulse current generator, ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance with graphite to be connected, divider is connected in parallel on
Graphite is combined between grounded screen and external earth mat, connection oscillograph in the middle of divider, and the secondary side of current transformer, which is connected to, to be shown
On ripple device.Ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance are used to lightning current size is adjusted in the present invention, and oscillograph is used to distinguish
Measure the voltage and current under lightning current.
Followed by power-frequency earthing simulated test, step is as follows：
During 1. the compound grounded screen of graphite is placed in circular circulation extremely according to the buried depth of live actual arrangement, first tap length is 12m, deep
Spend for 1m, width is 2m the first ground slot.To ensure that different earthing materials are consistent with soil contact condition, 30 purposes of selection are thin
Sandy soil are backfilled, the Ω m of actual measurement resistivity about 1200 of sandy soil.After after sandy soil completely precipitation, tap length is again
10.5m, depth is 0.7m, and width is 0.6m the second ground slot.The compound ground connection mesh-shaped such as Fig. 5 of graphite.The compound ground connection of graphite
The earthing material of net can be arranged on outer side in the second ground slot, but its main body is in the second ground slot（First ground slot
The shape that is set according to Fig. 5 of excavation first dig length for 12m, depth is 1m, and width is 2m, is then precipitated in the first ground slot
Required soil types, regulates the soil resistivity needed for experiment, then the tap length again on the basis of first groove
For 10.5m, depth is 0.7m, and width is 0.6m the second ground slot, and wherein graphite is combined the a+l of grounded screen（A and l are ground connection
The length of body）Length the total length 10.5m of the second ground slot is less than for 9m, and the diameter of grounding body only exists as previously described
Tens mm are much smaller than the width 0.6m of ground slot, so being that can meet requirement completely.）
2. carrying out wiring as shown in Figure 2, the waveform parameter of impulse current generator is adjusted during experiment, it is ensured that its thunder and lightning exported
Flow the 8/20 μ s lightning current test waveforms that waveform is standard.Test the amplitude that dash current is adjusted by adjusting charging voltage
（20kA~75kA）, and the amplitude of increase dash current is flowed into simulating the true thunder and lightning of nature as far as possible in the case of equipment permission
Ground diffusing feature.Tested three times in every one-level charging voltage, and ensure that the impulse current waveform between each time has preferable one
Cause property, passes through waveform under oscillograph recording.
3. carrying out data processing, impulse earthed resistance value and impact coefficient are obtained.
Then power frequency diffusing experiment is carried out, power frequency diffusing hookup is the earth terminal and external earth mat and circle of pressure regulator
Circulation pole is connected, and is connected after the adjustable side series electrical flow table of pressure regulator with down conductor, voltmeter is connected in parallel on the two of pressure regulator
Side, pressure regulator both sides are connected with isolating transformer.
The step of power frequency diffusing of the present invention is tested is as follows：
1. it is 10.5m Ф 12mm galvanized steel bar by length（μ r=636,ρ=2×10-6Ω·m）With Ф 28mm flexibility
Graphite is combined earthing material（μ r=1,ρ=3.25×10-5Ω·m）, two kinds of earthing materials are embedded in the second ground slot.Buried depth is
0.7m, between the two every 0.6m.To reduce influence of the down conductor to horizontal grounding objects diffusing result, down conductor is using exhausted
Edge sleeve pipe is insulated.
2. measure grounding body diffusing, head end, 3 measurement points in midpoint and tail end are respectively taken, are apart from downlead respectively
0.2m, 5.1m and 10.1m.Because on-load voltage is higher, the electric current of grounding body is measured using Rogowski coil, it is real during experiment to ensure
Test the personal safety of personnel.
3. power supply uses power current, gradually boosted through transformer, to measure enough data, obtain diffusing experiment
It is closer to the result of truth.
Small/amplitude of the invention impacts diffusing test node circuit as shown in figure 4, small/amplitude impulse current generator
One termination external ground net, another termination down conductor, graphite is combined grounded screen and is directly connected to circulation pole, current transformer
Lateral circuit string is in the circuit of outer grounded screen Yu circulation pole；Divider is in parallel with small/amplitude impulse current generator, shows
Secondary side of the ripple device respectively with divider summation current transformer is connected.Oscillograph is used for electricity during measurement impact diffusing experiment respectively
Circulation pole is connected by current transformer with external earth mat in pressure and electric current, Fig. 4, and circulation is extremely directly with isolating change in Fig. 3
The external earth mat of depressor is connected, and has certain difference.
Then small/amplitude impact diffusing experiment is carried out, step is as follows：
1. on the basis of above-mentioned industrial frequency experiment, it is only necessary to change power supply, remainder is not changed.
2. measure small magnitude impact diffusing experiment, using SPD-I Portable electric surging protector test instruments（This is a
Integrate portable multi-function surge protector (SPD) performance parameter test of combination wave generator and high voltage direct current generator
Instrument, the tester can produce 6kV/3kA 1.2/50 μ s--8/20 μ s dash currents, and maximum amplitude is that 2kV is straight
Flow high voltage；For testing the state of lightning protection component, surge protector under dash current effect, operation voltage U1mA and leakage
Electric current 0.75U1mA, effective means of testing is provided for evaluation SPD characteristics, easy to connect, easy to operate, in real work
Serve as small-sized impulse current generator）, it is connected at down conductor, passes through oscillograph recording test data.
3. measure amplitude impact diffusing experiment, using indoor impulse current generator, through long range lead, lead to
Outdoor ground slot, is connected at down conductor, passes through oscillograph recording test data.
Because graphite grounding body diameter proportionally can not compare in chi contracting, therefore grounding resistance need to be finally modified,
Impact coefficient in the case of being corresponded to.
The present invention establishes 1 according to the Theory of Electromagnetic Field knowledge related to high-voltage engineering:1 full-size(d) experiment, it is complete
Site preparation shows graphite and is combined characteristic of the earthing material under lightning current, power current and small/amplitude dash current, for experiment
Personnel clearly embody graphite and are combined advantage of the earthing material in terms of ground connection, especially tackle the advantage under dash current.
Result of the test is true and reliable, and powerful experiment support is provided for user of service's practical application.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of impact diffusing pilot system that earthing material is combined for graphite, including circular circulation pole, external earth mat, ground connection
Body, experimental rig, it is characterised in that：Described circular circulation pole is the place of experiment, its a diameter of 40 meters；First ground slot is buried
Circular circulation is placed in extremely deeply, wherein it is that 12m, depth are the rectangle ground slot that 1m, width are 2m that the first ground slot, which is length,；
The thin sand and soil of first ground slot is 30 mesh；After after the first ground slot sandy soil completely precipitation, tap length again in the first ground slot
It is to lay in rectangle ground slot the second ground slot of formation that 0.7m, width are 0.6m, the second ground slot to connect for 10.5m, depth
Ground body；Described grounding body is constituted by the compound grounded screen of graphite or is combined earthing material by galvanized steel bar and graphite and constituted；By by
When graphite is combined grounded screen composition, graphite is combined a diameter of 28mm of earthing material；The box width that graphite is combined grounded screen is 5m,
Graphite is combined grounded screen square frame outer ray length 4m；When being made up of galvanized steel bar and the compound earthing material of graphite, galvanized steel bar
It is 10.5m, a diameter of 12mm of galvanized steel bar to be combined earthing material length with graphite；It is a diameter of that graphite is combined earthing material
28mm；Galvanized steel bar and graphite are combined earthing material and are embedded in the second ground slot, and buried depth is 0.7m, between the two every 0.6m.
2. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 that earthing material is combined for graphite, it is characterised in that：Institute
The actual measurement resistivity for the first ground slot sandy soil stated is 1200 Ω m.
3. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 or 2 that earthing material is combined for graphite, its feature exists
In：Hookup is lightning current impulse grounding hookup, and wherein graphite is combined grounded screen and is directly connected to circular circulation pole, electricity
Lateral circuit string of current transformer is combined in circuit of the grounded screen with circular circulation pole in graphite；Graphite is combined grounded screen concatenation
Grounded screen is combined after impulse current generator, ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance with graphite to be connected, divider is connected in parallel on graphite
Compound that oscillograph is connected in the middle of divider between grounded screen and external earth mat, the secondary side of current transformer is connected to oscillograph
On；Described ball gap, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance are used to lightning current size is adjusted, and oscillograph is used to measure thunder respectively
Voltage and current under electric current.
4. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 or 2 that earthing material is combined for graphite, its feature exists
In：Hookup is power frequency diffusing hookup, and wherein the earth terminal of pressure regulator is connected with external earth mat and circular circulation pole, is adjusted
It is connected after the adjustable side series electrical flow table of depressor with down conductor, voltmeter is connected in parallel on the both sides of pressure regulator, pressure regulator both sides
It is connected with isolating transformer.
5. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 or 2 that earthing material is combined for graphite, its feature exists
In：Hookup is small/amplitude impact diffusing test node circuit, and its medium and small/amplitude impulse current generator one is terminated
External earth mat, another termination down conductor, graphite is combined grounded screen and is directly connected to circulation pole, the primary side of current transformer
Circuit string is in the circuit of outer grounded screen Yu circulation pole；Divider is in parallel with small/amplitude impulse current generator, oscillograph point
Secondary side not with divider summation current transformer is connected.
6. the impact diffusing pilot system according to claim 1 or 2 that earthing material is combined for graphite, its feature exists
In：Described hookup includes supply unit and monitoring device, and external earth mat is connected with supply unit metal shell,
Monitoring device is used for monitoring test circuit voltage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710132966.4A CN107102219B (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | A kind of impact diffusing pilot system for the compound earthing material of graphite |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710132966.4A CN107102219B (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | A kind of impact diffusing pilot system for the compound earthing material of graphite |
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| CN107102219B CN107102219B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108845185A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-11-20 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | The measurement of soft graphite grounding body ground resistance and accelerated corrosion test device and method |
| CN113945811A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-18 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司绍兴供电公司 | Pipeline safety assessment method for power grid under lightning stroke or grounding short circuit fault condition |
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| CN101030458A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-09-05 | 王跃山 | Non-corrosive assembled grounding electrode and impedance-reducing material and its production |
| CN103424652A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-04 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Impact performance simulation test method and device for grounding body with large simulated size and large amplitude value |
| CN104332727A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-04 | 国家电网公司 | Concentrated grounding device using displacement current to improve flow dispersion characteristic and arrangement method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5339038A (en) * | 1992-07-06 | 1994-08-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Assembly for detecting and locating cable pinching |
| CN101030458A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-09-05 | 王跃山 | Non-corrosive assembled grounding electrode and impedance-reducing material and its production |
| CN103424652A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-04 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Impact performance simulation test method and device for grounding body with large simulated size and large amplitude value |
| CN104332727A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-04 | 国家电网公司 | Concentrated grounding device using displacement current to improve flow dispersion characteristic and arrangement method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108845185A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-11-20 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | The measurement of soft graphite grounding body ground resistance and accelerated corrosion test device and method |
| CN113945811A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-18 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司绍兴供电公司 | Pipeline safety assessment method for power grid under lightning stroke or grounding short circuit fault condition |
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| CN107102219B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210827 Address after: No.61, Yingbin West Road, Datong City, Shanxi Province 037002 Patentee after: DATONG POWER SUPPLY COMPANY OF STATE GRID SHANXI ELECTRIC POWER Co. Address before: No.61, Yingbin West Road, Datong City, Shanxi Province 037002 Patentee before: DATONG POWER SUPPLY COMPANY OF STATE GRID SHANXI ELECTRIC POWER Co. Patentee before: WUHAN HONGMEN ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |