CN103424652A - Impact performance simulation test method and device for grounding body with large simulated size and large amplitude value - Google Patents
Impact performance simulation test method and device for grounding body with large simulated size and large amplitude value Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an impact performance simulation test method and a device for a grounding body with a large simulated size and a large amplitude value. The impact performance simulation test device for the grounding body with the large simulated size and the large amplitude value comprises a simulated grounding body, four impulse current generator which are symmetrically arranged in a distributive mode, a matching charging loop, four discharging loops, a circular-ring-shaped backflow electrode, a group of wave modulation inductor and wave modulation resistor and a coaxial cylinder type current divider. The impact performance simulation test device for the grounding body with the large simulated size and the large amplitude value is characterized in that the simulated grounding body which is arranged in the center of an impact field is embedded underground; the four impact current generators are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the impact field; output ends of the impact current generators are connected to a high frame which is arranged in the center of the impact filed through four overhead aluminum pipes to perform confluence and then are connected to the simulated grounding body through the wave modulation resistance, the wave modulation inductance and the coaxial cylinder type current divider. The impact performance simulation test device for the grounding body with the large simulated size and the large amplitude value has the advantages of satisfying simulation test of the large-sized grounding body under the impact current with the large amplitude value which is similar to real thunders, being convenient to operate, large in power capacity, high in amplitude value of the output impact current, multiple in wave shape, flexible and multiple in adaption and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-voltage test techniques field, relate in particular to the test method of the impact characteristics of the power transmission and transforming equipment grounding bodies such as transmission line of electricity, transformer station (comprising tower grounding device, grounding net of transformer substation etc.) under the dash current of large simulation yardstick, amplitude.
Background technology
Overhead power transmission line pole tower, transformer station etc. all are provided with earthing device or grounded screen (being referred to as afterwards grounding body), and current by pass is provided when fault.When suffering lightning impulse, dash current is released to soil through grounding body, produce on the one hand noble potential on grounding body, may extend to tower top and cause that the tripping operation fault occurs insulation flashover, on the other hand, form electric potential gradient in soil, jeopardize the human body that stands in ground and the safety of grounding apparatus, even by the safety that in ground, coupling threatens secondary device in transformer station.Therefore, during grounding design, its impact characteristics is assessed, appropriate design grounding body pattern and counter-measure, very important to the safe and stable operation of electric system.
At present, the method for research and assessment grounding body ground connection performance mainly contains three kinds: field measurement, numerical evaluation, simulation test.Field measurement need to carry out after the grounding body construction completes, and can not adopt in the design phase.The algorithm of numerical evaluation has certain hypothesis, simplifies and is similar to, and its accuracy and applicability remain further to be improved; Particularly impact characteristics research aspect, all lack test basis to the simplification processing of region of discharge and the artificial hypothesis of impact characteristics of the dispersed flow rule etc.Simulation test has overcome the shortcoming of other two kinds of methods, only need carry out certain investment builds simulated test facility, just can use for a long time afterwards, for changing, grounded screen model topology structure is also very convenient, thereby the ground connection analogue technique is an effective means of grounding design always.
The impact characteristics simulation experiment method of grounding body is generally to adopt semisphere simulated slot or square simulated slot at present.The semisphere simulated slot is to dig a semisphere ground connection pond on ground, and filling soil or fine sand are simulated different soil resistivities, and because the simulated slot radius generally is no more than 5m, the diagonal-size of analogue ground body can not surpass 2.5m.Square simulated slot is in the underground tetragonal body ground connection pond of digging, and normally fills the solution such as water, and stock size is no more than 30m * 30m, and the diagonal-size of analogue ground body can not surpass 3m.Chinese invention patent " ground connection simulation experiment method " (application number: 201210117351.1) proposed a kind of transparent vessel of built-in transparency liquid as simulation test device, at the removable pulley of its bottom installing, its volume can not be done too greatly, and the size of corresponding analogue ground body is less.During the small size simulation, the diffusing distribution characteristics in the grounding body impact characteristics, inductive effect etc. are difficult to effective research.And in these tests, impact power supply energy usually less, the dash current of generation is also very little, with actual lightning current, differs far away.
Chinese invention patent " the large current outdoor real type simulated test method of earthing device Lightning Characteristic " (application number: 201110272119.0) proposed a kind of true type simulated test method to earthing device, although the grounding body size can reach physical size, but its: 1. wiring is longer, required place is huge, and, because wiring inductance is larger, shock head is difficult to reach steep wave head situation; 2. same grounding body inductance and resistance in loop is definite value, can not carry out the impact characteristics test under different lightning current waveforms; 3. adopt single-point to reflux, dash current flows when underground between two current point, with dash current in actual conditions be that to surrounding, symmetrical wandering feature is not inconsistent centered by grounding body.4. grounding body is true pattern type, but it is too little to inject the relatively actual lightning current of dash current amplitude, can not reflect the situation under actual amplitude lightning current.Domesticly for the dash current simulation test under large simulation size, amplitude, extremely lack.
Summary of the invention
The present invention considers that the deficiency in above-mentioned technology designs, test method and the device of grounding body impact characteristics under a kind of large simulation size, amplitude are provided, the method and device flexible operation, dash current injects to surrounding soil wandering from grounding body, can effectively reflect different grounding body patterns and the size impact characteristics under different dash current amplitudes and waveform.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device, comprise the analogue ground body, distributed four impulse current generators that are arranged symmetrically with and a supporting charge circuit thereof, four discharge loops, annular return electrode, one group of harmonic inductance and wave regulating resistor, coaxial circles cartridge type shunt is characterized in that:
The analogue ground body is arranged in kicking field central authorities, imbeds underground; Four impulse current generators are arranged symmetrically in the kicking field surrounding, its output terminal is connected on kicking field central authorities overhead and is confluxed by four built on stilts aluminum pipes respectively, then by wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance, coaxial circles cartridge type shunt, is connected to the analogue ground body again; Dash current is back to the low pressure end of four impulse current generators through analogue ground body, soil and annular return electrode and connected vertical copper bar straight up;
Four impulse current generators are evenly arranged in annular return electrode outward flange, and its analogue ground body of giving in parallel injects dash current, four discharge loop parallel connections of four impulse current generators;
The model of analogue ground body is designed and produced according to experiment purpose and content, the grounding body of by size and the pattern of change grounding body model, simulating different scales, different types; Can change loop parameter by the harmonic inductance in array mode, capacitor bank mode and the loop of regulating many impulse current generators, wave regulating resistor method in test loop, thereby realize injecting to grounding body the dash current of different wave.
Large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as above is characterized in that the annular return electrode is embedded in the soil of underground certain depth, for anticorrosion and assurance through-current capability, selects the main material of copper strips as the annular return electrode; For avoiding refluxing utmost point distortion current field and produce too high step voltage on ground, the under ground portion of connection annular return electrode and the vertical copper bar of four impulse current generator negative poles installs the 10kV cable additional insulating sheath after adopting hot melt adhesive to wrap up carries out insulation shielding.
Large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as above, is characterized in that, annular return electrode diameter 40m, and analogue ground body size can reach more than ten meters; The insulation against ground of four impulse current generator bodies.
Large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as above, it is characterized in that: four impulse current generators share a charge circuit, and this charge circuit is comprised of step-up transformer, high voltage silicon rectifier stack, charge protection resistance, direct current resistance voltage divider, charging overhead transmission line and main capacitance; The input end of the output termination high voltage silicon rectifier stack of step-up transformer wherein, the output termination charge protection resistance of high voltage silicon rectifier stack, the first order main capacitance of direct current resistance voltage divider and impulse current generator body is connected in parallel, and is used for measuring the charging voltage at main capacitance two ends; By around test site ± 100kV DC charging overhead transmission line is to the charging of the main capacitance of the impulse current generator of four platform independent.
Large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as above, it is characterized in that, connect test product after four discharge loop parallel connections of four impulse current generators again and form overall discharge loop, this overall discharge loop is comprised of main capacitance, atmospherical discharges ball gap, built on stilts aluminum pipe, confluence copper bar, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance, shunt, analogue ground body, the backflow utmost point; The discharge current of four impulse current generators enters the backflow copper bar through four built on stilts aluminum pipes and concentrates, and then after wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance, coaxial circles cartridge type shunt, injects the analogue ground body; Wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance adopt in bolt access loop.
Large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as above is characterized in that each impulse current generator parameter is identical; The main capacitance of every impulse current generator is in series by 5 grades of capacitor groups, every grade of capacitor group is formed by the drum type brake Parallel-connected Capacitor of 3 200kV/0.6 μ F, the specified charging voltage of separate unit impulse current generator is 1000kV, electric capacity is 0.36 μ F, storage power is 180kJ, can be upgraded by continue series capacitor bank at top, also can be increased impulse current generator upgrading in parallel by continuation; Can under 4 Ω and following loading condition, produce the 8/20 μ s dash current that peak value reaches 100kA; Connection between capacitor adopts bolt.
Large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as above is characterized in that four impulse current generators charge simultaneously, synchronous discharge; Realize the synchronous igniting that triggers by the adjustable trigger of multichannel time delay, relative time between the trigger pip of different impulse current generators is poor in 0.1 μ s, and the total impulse current waveform after the dash current stack that different generators are produced and the impulse current waveform of separate unit generator are basically identical.
Large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as above, is characterized in that, adopting the control system based on the PLC technology is that impulse current generator sends various control commands, to meet the various control functions of impulse current test; Employing optical cable connection operation unit and switch board, to control and to show the controlled quentity controlled variable of charge circuit, adopt the body control enclosure of optical fiber attended operation unit and four impulse current generators, thus the switch of adjusting and display ball gap spacing and control fan blower.
The present invention also provides a kind of large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation experiment method, adopts large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as above, it is characterized in that, test procedure is as follows:
1) according to test objective development test scheme, make the analogue ground body Model, propose to apply voltage, current amplitude and waveform requirement, need parameter and the measuring method of observation, the analogue ground body is imbedded in the underground of impact test site center;
2) carry out test and the inverting of impulsive discharge Loop Parameters, for modulating the impulse current waveform that meets the testing requirements of ground connection impact characteristics, need to grasp the electric parameter in whole impulsive discharge loop, comprise electric capacity, resistance and inductance parameters, concrete method of testing is as follows: 1. four generators and high-voltage connection and grounding body, soil, return electrode formation discharge loop, wherein do not connect any wave regulating resistor and harmonic inductance, the rear resistance of calculating whole loop according to impulse current waveform has discharged
R 1And inductance
L 12. adopt Copper Foil short circuit ground circuit part, 1# generator, high-voltage connection, Copper Foil form discharge loop, and the rear resistance according to impacting circuit waveform reckoning loop has discharged
R 2And inductance
L 23. adopt the LCR tester to measure the resistance of short circuit Copper Foil
R 3And inductance
L 34. calculate the resistance of separate unit generator and high-voltage connection thereof according to formula (1)
R yAnd inductance
L y, according to formula (2), calculating comprises the resistance of the ground circuit of grounding body, soil, return electrode
R fAnd inductance
L f
(2)
3) dash current amplitude and waveform debugging, calculate and propose to reach the expection waveform according to impulse current generator LCR dash current discharge loop formula (3), required tank capacitance, inductance, resistance parameter, then existing impulsive discharge loop based on obtaining in step (2)
R y,
L y,
R f,
L fParameter, the array mode of proposition capacitor, and the harmonic inductance, the wave regulating resistor parameter that need, carry out corresponding wiring adjustment, makes corresponding harmonic inductance, wave regulating resistor, and the access loop;
4) surveying instrument instrument access, shunt is connected in loop always, is connected between confluence copper bar and analogue ground body electric current decanting point the dash current of measuring circuit; The voltage divider two ends are connected to respectively to grounding body electric current decanting point and encircle the power frequency zero-potential point of outer more than ten meters, measure grounding body earth potential liter;
5) inrush current generator, arrange ball gap spacing, controls impulse current generator and rise to the required voltage level, by ball-gap discharge, obtains required dash current;
6) analytical test data, rise waveforms amplitude according to earth potential and obtain the impulse earthed resistance of analogue ground body divided by the dash current amplitude.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can meet the simulation test under can the amplitude dash current comparable with actual thunder and lightning than the large scale grounding body, have easy to operate, power supply capacity is large, output dash current amplitude is high, waveform is various, backflow utmost point layout pattern novelty, reequip the advantages such as versatile and flexible.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The impulse grounding simulation test wiring schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is test output impulse current waveform (waveform 8/20 μ s, amplitude 100kA, positive polarity).
Fig. 3 is test output impulse current waveform (waveform 8/20 μ s, amplitude 100kA, negative polarity).
Fig. 4 is test output impulse current waveform (waveform 2.6 μ s/50 μ s, amplitude 15kA).
Embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values are equally within the listed claims limited range of the application.
Test method and the device of grounding body impact characteristics under a kind of large simulation size that the present invention proposes, amplitude, its impulse grounding simulation test wiring schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.For obtaining the impulse earthed resistance under the grounding body dash current, the test basic step is as follows:
1) according to test objective development test scheme, make the grounding body model, propose to apply voltage, current amplitude and waveform requirement, need parameter and the measuring method of observation.The analogue ground body is imbedded in the underground of impact test site center.
2) carry out test and the inverting of impulsive discharge Loop Parameters.For modulating the impulse current waveform that meets the testing requirements of ground connection impact characteristics, need to grasp the electric parameter in whole impulsive discharge loop, comprise electric capacity, resistance and inductance parameters.Concrete method of testing is as follows: 1. four generators and high-voltage connection and grounding body, soil, return electrode formation discharge loop, and wherein do not connect any wave regulating resistor and harmonic inductance, the rear resistance of calculating whole loop according to impulse current waveform has discharged
R 1And inductance
L 12. adopt Copper Foil short circuit ground circuit part, 1# generator, high-voltage connection, Copper Foil form discharge loop, and the rear resistance according to impacting circuit waveform reckoning loop has discharged
R 2And inductance
L 23. adopt the LCR tester to measure the resistance of short circuit Copper Foil
R 3And inductance
L 34. calculate the resistance of separate unit generator and high-voltage connection thereof according to formula (1)
R yAnd inductance
L y, according to formula (2), calculating comprises the resistance of the ground circuit of grounding body, soil, return electrode
R fAnd inductance
L f.
(1)
3) dash current amplitude and waveform debugging.Calculate and propose will reach the expection waveform, required tank capacitance, inductance, resistance parameter according to impulse current generator LCR dash current discharge loop formula (3).Then existing impulsive discharge loop based on obtaining in step (2)
R y,
L y,
R f,
L fParameter, the array mode of proposition capacitor, and the harmonic inductance, the wave regulating resistor parameter that need.Carry out corresponding wiring adjustment, make corresponding harmonic inductance, wave regulating resistor, and the access loop.
4) surveying instrument instrument access.Shunt is connected in loop always, is connected between confluence copper bar and analogue ground body electric current decanting point the dash current of measuring circuit; The voltage divider two ends are connected to respectively to grounding body electric current decanting point and encircle the power frequency zero-potential point of outer more than ten meters, measure grounding body earth potential liter.
5) inrush current generator, arrange ball gap spacing, controls impulse current generator and rise to the required voltage level, by ball-gap discharge, obtains required dash current.
6) analytical test data, rise waveforms amplitude according to earth potential and obtain the impulse earthed resistance of analogue ground body divided by the dash current amplitude.
Based on space, test site and the unsuitable excessive basic demand of underground inductance value, by analyzing, relatively determine that impact test site is of a size of diameter 40m; The analogue ground body is arranged in kicking field central authorities, imbeds underground; Four impulse current generators are arranged symmetrically in the kicking field surrounding, its output terminal is connected on kicking field central authorities overhead and is confluxed by four built on stilts aluminum pipes respectively, then by elements such as wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance, coaxial circles cartridge type shunts, is connected to the analogue ground body again; Dash current is back to the low pressure end of impulse current generator through analogue ground body, soil and annular return electrode and connected vertical copper bar straight up.Wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance adopt in bolt access loop, and dismounting and replacing are convenient.
Every impulse current generator body adopts sunlight board to be made into the cylindrical shape sealing, has for internal overhaul; According to the output current Capability Requirement, calculated, every impulse current generator main capacitance comprises 15 MCF200-0.6 insulation burrel formula impulse capacitors, by 5 grades of series connection, every grade of 3 Parallel-connected Capacitor forms, total capacitance is 0.36 μ F, rated output voltage 1000kV, and storage power is 180kJ; With bolts between main capacitance, convenient disassembly.
To the even wandering and factor such as inductance value is less, and the excavation construction amount is less of surrounding, designed the annular backflow utmost point based on electric current; According to return electrode analysis of Influential Factors result, annular return electrode conductor master material adopts the copper strips that cross section is 60mm * 6mm, buried depth 1000mm, connect in 12 some bottoms of its symmetry the copper pipe of arranging vertically downward, length is 1500mm simultaneously, and radius is 25mm, wall thickness is 3mm, totally 12; For connecting the negative pole of capacitor in each impulse current generator body, be evenly arranged 4 copper bars vertically upward on copper strips, its cross section is 60mm * 6mm, the below ground partial-length is 1000mm, the above partial-length in ground is 200mm, and utilizes the epoxy hot melt adhesive it is wrapped up and insulate.
Impulse current generator system charging equipment mainly comprises the electrical source of power cabinet, comprise silicon controlled charging switch board, step-up transformer, multiplication of voltage capacitor, divider, protective resistance, ± 100kV DC charging lead-in wire etc.The box flexible power cable of crossing in testing field is to indoor electrical source of power cabinet power supply, and the electrical source of power cabinet forms the low tension loop of charge circuit by the former limit winding with comprising silicon controlled charging switch board, connect/protective resistance in parallel and step-up transformer; The main capacitance of the secondary winding of step-up transformer and multiplication of voltage capacitor, silicon stack, charge protection resistance and four generator bodies forms the high tension loop of charge circuit; By around test site ± 100kV DC charging overhead transmission line is to the charging of the main capacitance of the impulse current generator of four platform independent.The first order main capacitance of direct current resistance voltage divider and generator body is connected in parallel, and is used for measuring the charging voltage at main capacitance two ends; The DC charging voltage that the charging switch board is measured gained by divider carrys out the SCR Trigger Angle in switch board, thereby regulates the DC charging voltage of generator, forms closed-loop control system.
Discharge equipment mainly comprises main capacitor, ball discharge gap, the built on stilts aluminum pipe of charging, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance and multichannel trigger.The separate unit generator comprises 5 ball discharge gaps, and the ball gap between first order electric capacity and second level electric capacity is the ignition pill gap, controls and regulate the air clearance length of ball discharge gap according to the charging voltage of capacitor.The multichannel trigger is placed on control desk, draws respectively the trigger amplifier that 4 two core fibres connect separate unit generator body, with the ignition pill gap of giving every generator, sends Trig control signal; Adopt the igniting of igniting feedback loop divider monitoring generator to trigger; The discharge time of multichannel trigger is adjustable, and precision is in 0.1 μ s, relatively independent with the control system of generator, guarantees to realize synchronous triggering.
The control system of employing based on the PLC technology is that impulse current generator sends various control commands, to meet the various control functions of impulse current test.Control system is comprised of body control enclosure, charging switch board and operating unit three parts; Adopt an optical cable connection operation unit and switch board to control and to show the controlled quentity controlled variable of charge circuit, utilize optical fiber to be connected in series the body control enclosure of operating unit and four generators, thereby regulate and the switch of display ball gap spacing and control fan blower; Operating unit adopts special control program to complete all observing and controlling operations by computing machine.
Adopting model is the coaxial tubular type shunt of GF-1, and it is arranged on the aluminium sheet that confluxes that impacts the center, place, is used for measuring the dash current of test loop.Its important technological parameters is: resistance value 0.0020684 Ω; Nominal current 100kA; Response time is less than 80ns; Output voltage 0～300V.The input end of shunt is connected with the harmonic inductance of its top, and current output terminal is connected with the aluminium sheet that confluxes, and the BNC port of its bottom is connected with oscillographic input end by the coaxial wire of signal transmission.Near the shielding strongbox of configuration one group of oscillograph, photoelectric conversion module and ups power shunt, the voltage signal of shunt exports oscillograph to through coaxial wire, oscillograph exports measuring-signal to photoelectric conversion module by netting twine, finally be transmitted through the fiber in the measuring system of observing and controlling chamber, ups power is primary for being powered to oscillograph, photoelectric conversion module.
Adopt the earth potential liter of underdamping capacitive divider measure analog earthing device decanting point, the capacitor of voltage divider high-voltage arm adopts the encapsulation of epoxy insulation pipe, the connection of capacitor adopts metal flange, has considered in design physical strength and oil seal measure, meets long-term the use and oil-proof.The top of voltage divider adopts single screen to cover ring structure, and the size of shading ring can meet the requirement of bearing 1000kV standard lightning impulse voltage waveform, adopts the thin-wall stainless steel splicing structure, to reach the characteristics such as lightweight, corrosion-resistant, not oxidation and windage are little.Collection, conversion and the transmission of voltage divider low-voltage arm output signal and the disposal route of shunt output signal are basically identical, for avoiding noble potential, draw, and all output signal have been adopted to the photoelectricity quarantine measures.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the total capacitance of four generators is 1.44 μ F, rated output voltage is still 1000kV, in situation to the linear analogue load discharge of 4 Ω, producing amplitude is the dash current that 100kA, waveform are 8/20 μ s, the inductance value L=45.1 μ H of discharge loop, charging voltage U
0=881.8kV.At first made the square frame grounding body according to above-mentioned steps, and arranged four rays by 90 ゜ directions on its four angles, square frame length of side 4m, the long 4m of ray, imbed underground 0.8m, the band iron that grounding material is 40mm * 4mm.According to the result of impulsive discharge Loop Parameters testing experiment, the resistance of four generators and lead-in wire thereof
R Y4=0.25 Ω, inductance
L Y4=5.20 μ H, the resistance of ground circuit
R f=1.76 Ω, inductance
L f=5.86 μ H, for surpassing the dash current of realizing 8/20 μ s of 100kA under 4 Ω loads, made the wave regulating resistor of 2.4 Ω, the harmonic inductance of 34 μ H.By in its access loop, grounding body is carried out to impulse current test, exported the dash current of 8/20 μ s, current amplitude has all reached 99kA under positive and negative polarity.
As shown in Figure 4, for producing the dash current of wavefront times 2.6 μ s, half peak value time 50 μ s, the fourth stage, level V electric capacity short circuit by every generator top, and the charging resistor of removing third level electric capacity and fourth stage electric capacity, under the harmonic inductance of the wave regulating resistor of 26 Ω, 13 μ H, above-mentioned grounding body is carried out to impulse test, exported the dash current of 2.6/50 μ s, current amplitude has reached 15kA.
The content be not described in detail in this instructions belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (9)
1. simulate greatly size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device for one kind, comprise the analogue ground body, distributed four impulse current generators that are arranged symmetrically with and a supporting charge circuit thereof, four discharge loops, annular return electrode, one group of harmonic inductance and wave regulating resistor, coaxial circles cartridge type shunt is characterized in that:
The analogue ground body is arranged in kicking field central authorities, imbeds underground; Four impulse current generators are arranged symmetrically in the kicking field surrounding, its output terminal is connected on kicking field central authorities overhead and is confluxed by four built on stilts aluminum pipes respectively, then by wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance, coaxial circles cartridge type shunt, is connected to the analogue ground body again; Dash current is back to the low pressure end of four impulse current generators through analogue ground body, soil and annular return electrode and connected vertical copper bar straight up;
Four impulse current generators are evenly arranged in annular return electrode outward flange, and its analogue ground body of giving in parallel injects dash current, four discharge loop parallel connections of four impulse current generators;
The model of analogue ground body is designed and produced according to experiment purpose and content, the grounding body of by size and the pattern of change grounding body model, simulating different scales, different types; Can change loop parameter by the harmonic inductance in array mode, capacitor bank mode and the loop of regulating many impulse current generators, wave regulating resistor method in test loop, thereby realize injecting to grounding body the dash current of different wave.
2. large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the annular return electrode is embedded in the soil of underground certain depth, for anticorrosion and assurance through-current capability, selects the main material of copper strips as the annular return electrode; For avoiding refluxing utmost point distortion current field and produce too high step voltage on ground, the under ground portion of connection annular return electrode and the vertical copper bar of four impulse current generator negative poles installs the 10kV cable additional insulating sheath after adopting hot melt adhesive to wrap up carries out insulation shielding.
3. large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, annular return electrode diameter 40m, and analogue ground body size can reach more than ten meters; The insulation against ground of four impulse current generator bodies.
4. large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: four impulse current generators share a charge circuit, and this charge circuit is comprised of step-up transformer, high voltage silicon rectifier stack, charge protection resistance, direct current resistance voltage divider, charging overhead transmission line and main capacitance; The input end of the output termination high voltage silicon rectifier stack of step-up transformer wherein, the output termination charge protection resistance of high voltage silicon rectifier stack, the first order main capacitance of direct current resistance voltage divider and impulse current generator body is connected in parallel, and is used for measuring the charging voltage at main capacitance two ends; By around test site ± 100kV DC charging overhead transmission line is to the charging of the main capacitance of the impulse current generator of four platform independent.
5. large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, connect test product after four discharge loop parallel connections of four impulse current generators again and form overall discharge loop, this overall discharge loop is comprised of main capacitance, atmospherical discharges ball gap, built on stilts aluminum pipe, confluence copper bar, wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance, shunt, analogue ground body, the backflow utmost point; The discharge current of four impulse current generators enters the backflow copper bar through four built on stilts aluminum pipes and concentrates, and then after wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance, coaxial circles cartridge type shunt, injects the analogue ground body; Wave regulating resistor, harmonic inductance adopt in bolt access loop.
6. large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each impulse current generator parameter is identical; The main capacitance of every impulse current generator is in series by 5 grades of capacitor groups, every grade of capacitor group is formed by the drum type brake Parallel-connected Capacitor of 3 200kV/0.6 μ F, the specified charging voltage of separate unit impulse current generator is 1000kV, electric capacity is 0.36 μ F, storage power is 180kJ, can be upgraded by continue series capacitor bank at top, also can be increased impulse current generator upgrading in parallel by continuation; Can under 4 Ω and following loading condition, produce the 8/20 μ s dash current that peak value reaches 100kA; Connection between capacitor adopts bolt.
7. large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, four impulse current generators charge simultaneously, synchronous discharge; Realize the synchronous igniting that triggers by the adjustable trigger of multichannel time delay, relative time between the trigger pip of different impulse current generators is poor in 0.1 μ s, and the total impulse current waveform after the dash current stack that different generators are produced and the impulse current waveform of separate unit generator are basically identical.
8. large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the control system of employing based on the PLC technology is that impulse current generator sends various control commands, to meet the various control functions of impulse current test; Employing optical cable connection operation unit and switch board, to control and to show the controlled quentity controlled variable of charge circuit, adopt the body control enclosure of optical fiber attended operation unit and four impulse current generators, thus the switch of adjusting and display ball gap spacing and control fan blower.
9. a large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation experiment method, adopt large simulation size amplitude grounding body impact characteristics simulation test device as described as claim 1-8, it is characterized in that, test procedure is as follows:
1) according to test objective development test scheme, make the analogue ground body Model, propose to apply voltage, current amplitude and waveform requirement, need parameter and the measuring method of observation, the analogue ground body is imbedded in the underground of impact test site center;
2) carry out test and the inverting of impulsive discharge Loop Parameters, for modulating the impulse current waveform that meets the testing requirements of ground connection impact characteristics, need to grasp the electric parameter in whole impulsive discharge loop, comprise electric capacity, resistance and inductance parameters, concrete method of testing is as follows: 1. four generators and high-voltage connection and grounding body, soil, return electrode formation discharge loop, wherein do not connect any wave regulating resistor and harmonic inductance, the rear resistance of calculating whole loop according to impulse current waveform has discharged
R 1And inductance
L 12. adopt Copper Foil short circuit ground circuit part, 1# generator, high-voltage connection, Copper Foil form discharge loop, and the rear resistance according to impacting circuit waveform reckoning loop has discharged
R 2And inductance
L 23. adopt the LCR tester to measure the resistance of short circuit Copper Foil
R 3And inductance
L 34. calculate the resistance of separate unit generator and high-voltage connection thereof according to formula (1)
R yAnd inductance
L y, according to formula (2), calculating comprises the resistance of the ground circuit of grounding body, soil, return electrode
R fAnd inductance
L f
3) dash current amplitude and waveform debugging, calculate and propose to reach the expection waveform according to impulse current generator LCR dash current discharge loop formula (3), required tank capacitance, inductance, resistance parameter, then existing impulsive discharge loop based on obtaining in step (2)
R y,
L y,
R f,
L fParameter, the array mode of proposition capacitor, and the harmonic inductance, the wave regulating resistor parameter that need, carry out corresponding wiring adjustment, makes corresponding harmonic inductance, wave regulating resistor, and the access loop;
4) surveying instrument instrument access, shunt is connected in loop always, is connected between confluence copper bar and analogue ground body electric current decanting point the dash current of measuring circuit; The voltage divider two ends are connected to respectively to grounding body electric current decanting point and encircle the power frequency zero-potential point of outer more than ten meters, measure grounding body earth potential liter;
5) inrush current generator, arrange ball gap spacing, controls impulse current generator and rise to the required voltage level, by ball-gap discharge, obtains required dash current;
6) analytical test data, rise waveforms amplitude according to earth potential and obtain the impulse earthed resistance of analogue ground body divided by the dash current amplitude.
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