CN107409927A

CN107409927A - A kind of cultural method of sugar orange

Info

Publication number: CN107409927A
Application number: CN201710821988.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何友谊
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-09-01
Filing date: 2017-09-01
Publication date: 2017-12-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of sugar orange, including site preparation field planting, fertilising, trimming, first soil deep tillage is improved the soil before plantation, increases soil fertility, aeration increase, overcome soil hardening and make easy rotten phenomenon more than soil moisture content；Additionally by rational fertilizing management, using depot fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, soil application and foliage top dressing, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphorus, potash fertilizer collocation, fertilising in good time, plantation will not cause soil fertility to decline for many years, preservation of fertility, sustainable plantation sugar orange, caused by solving continuous plantation the problems such as plant degeneration, short life, unstable yield, the taste quality of sugar orange can also be kept while improving yield.

Description

A kind of cultural method of sugar orange

Technical field

The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical field, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of sugar orange.

Background technology

Sugar orange, also known as tangerine in October, Huaiji, Guangning, four one bands of meeting are originated in, sugar orange fruit is oblate, and warty is arranged at top Projection, base of a fruit navel concave end, color and luster is orange, and it is thin to wrap up in wall, easily peelable.Sugar orange especially with four can yellow Tian Towns produce for its is delicious and pole Sweet tea, no slag, delicate mouthfeel, actually good merchantable brand, it contains abundant vitamin C, calcium, cellulosic, a small amount of protein, fat and rich Glucose, fructose, sucrose, the malic acid of richness, citric acid, citric acid and carrotene, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, resist Element necessary to bad hematic acid, and the human body such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, granulated sugar tangerine is sweet sour, cold in nature, has regulating qi-flowing for eliminating phlegm, moistening lung clear Intestines, invigorating the spleen and other effects of enriching blood.At present because sugar orange is planted year after year, unreasonable fertilising in planting process, soil deterioration, plate are caused Phenomenon is tied, the problems such as plant degeneration, short life, unstable yield easily occurs.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of sugar orange, the present invention follows the growth characteristic of sugar orange, Rational plantation and final-period management, ensure that the sustainable plantation of sugar orange.

To achieve the above object, the following technical scheme that the present invention uses：

A kind of cultural method of sugar orange, comprises the following steps：

(1) site preparation is colonized：Select upper soll layer depth 40-60cm, the soil building well rich in organic matter, month in winter 11-12 Plough deeply 50cm combination well-rotted farmyard manures to improve the soil, in Second Year the beginning of spring, level land, dig kind of a plant hole, every mu 180-240, plant plant hole Specification length and width depth 0.6-0.8m × 0.6-0.8m × 0.4-0.6m；The Potted orchard of healthy no disease and pests harm is selected to be transplanted to kind of a plant hole In, seedlings root is deployed to simultaneously backfill naturally, the high 15-25cm of circle ridge is piled up around kind of plant hole, pours field planting water；

(2) apply fertilizer

Earsh is applied fertilizer：Applied with diligent based on thin apply, put the tip every year 3-4 time, it is fertile to apply purity nitrogen after the tip before each tip, often sends out one The secondary tip applies fertilizer 2 times, is matched somebody with somebody according to the growing way of seedling and applies Multi-element fertilizer；

Bearing-age tree applies fertilizer：Divide spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, autumn fertilizer, winter top dressing；

A, spring fertilizer：Application in two dressings, for the first time in the case where being applied within 10-15 days before 2 month by the end of January early spring bud is sprouted, make Spring-shoot growth Stalwartness, bloom normal；For the second time in the case where being applied after mid or late March is thanked and spent, bloomed with supplement and consume nutrient, promote the spring tip to turn green and young Fruit development is normal；Fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus potash fertilizer of arranging in pairs or groups；

To just going into operation, result is few and tree that tree vigo(u)r is strong, as long as keeping, leaf color is dark green, and fruit color viridescent, which can not be applied, thanks to fertilizers for potted flowers, Or weak tree supplementary fertilizer is used, or combine deinsectization and carry out foliage top dressing (0.3%-0.5% nitrogens or 0.2-0.3 potassium dihydrogen phosphates) spring Fertile content accounts for the 20% of annual fertilizer amount twice；

B, summer fertilizer：To having just enter into the tree of fruiting period soon, in order to control the generation of summer shoot, can not apply or Shaoshi；To the old and the weak Tree then to supplement fertilizer, based on quick-acting fertilizer, frequently apply it is thin apply, the amount of applying accounts for the 7% of total fertilizer amount；

C, autumn fertilizer：Heavy dressing autumn fertilizer 2 times, the 1st fertilizer it is predetermined put apply within 15 days before the tip under, the 2nd time fertilizer should be in autumn growth from after cutting Apply down；Fertilizer is based on quick-acting fertilizer, with reference to phosphorus, potash fertilizer；It may also be combined with deinsectization spray and carry out foliage top dressing (0.5% nitrogen), autumn Fertilizer accounts for the 40% of annual fertilizer amount；

D, winter top dressing：Winter top dressing application in two dressings, under 15-20 days before fruit picking for the first time apply；Apply within 2nd time several after fruit picking days Under；Winter top dressing should be weight fertilizer, account for the 30-40% of annual fertilizer amount, spreaded manuer in holes down with reference to expansion of improving the soil is ploughed deeply；

(3) trim

A, the summer cuts：Carry out within 15-20 days before autumn growth, based on thin delete and combine short cultivation, can dredge and delete tree crown middle and upper part periphery Fruit drop branch and various types of decline branch of the rugosity in 0.5-1cm, 6-10cm branch stake is stayed to promote to tell autumn growth；Prune off between strain The intersection closing branch having no result；

B, the winter cuts：Take out to the spring tip 15-20 days before telling and carry out after fruit picking, wipe out dense intersection branch, deadwood, sick branch and sweep Branch, and the fruit ball branch of tree crown middle and upper part periphery and decline branch, staying 6-10cm branch stake, clip rugosity is to promote to tell young sprout 0.8 1 1.2cm；To weak fruitful branch, " fruit two is cut " can be carried out in fruit picking, weak branch is cut off from base portion, with Reduce the quantity of invalid branch.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：First soil deep tillage is improved the soil before present invention plantation, increases soil fertility, aeration increases Add, overcome soil hardening and make the phenomenon of easily rotten more than soil moisture content；Additionally by rational fertilizing management, using depot fertilizer And quick-acting fertilizer, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, soil application and foliage top dressing, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphorus, potash fertilizer are arranged in pairs or groups, fertilising, is planted for many years in good time Plant will not cause soil fertility to decline, preservation of fertility, sustainable plantation sugar orange, solve plant caused by continuous plantation The problems such as degeneration, short life, unstable yield, the taste quality of sugar orange can also be kept while improving yield.

Embodiment

Technical scheme is further described below by specific embodiment.

Embodiment 1

A kind of cultural method of sugar orange, comprises the following steps：

(1) site preparation is colonized：Select upper soll layer depth 40-60cm, the soil building well rich in organic matter, month in winter 11-12 Plough deeply 50cm combination well-rotted farmyard manures to improve the soil, in Second Year the beginning of spring, level land, dig kind of a plant hole, every mu 180-240, plant plant hole Specification length and width depth 0.8m × 0.8m × 0.5m；The Potted orchard of healthy no disease and pests harm is selected to be transplanted in kind of plant hole, by seedlings root Naturally expansion and backfill, the high 15-25cm of circle ridge is piled up around kind of plant hole, pours field planting water；

(2) apply fertilizer

(3) trim

B, the winter cuts：Take out to the spring tip 15-20 days before telling and carry out after fruit picking, wipe out dense intersection branch, deadwood, sick branch and sweep Branch, and the fruit ball branch of tree crown middle and upper part periphery and decline branch, staying 6-10cm branch stake, clip rugosity is to promote to tell young sprout 0.8-1.2cm；To weak fruitful branch, " fruit two is cut " can be carried out in fruit picking, weak branch is cut off from base portion, to subtract The quantity of few invalid branch.

Claims

1. a kind of cultural method of sugar orange, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

(1) site preparation is colonized：Upper soll layer depth 40-60cm, the soil building well rich in organic matter are selected, is ploughed deeply in month in winter 11-12 50cm combination well-rotted farmyard manures are improved the soil, and in Second Year the beginning of spring, are leveled land, and are dug kind of a plant hole, every mu 180-240, are planted plant hole specification Length and width depth 0.6-0.8m × 0.6-0.8m × 0.4-0.6m；The Potted orchard of healthy no disease and pests harm is selected to be transplanted in kind of plant hole, will Seedlings root deploys naturally and backfill, and the high 15-25cm of circle ridge is piled up around kind of plant hole, pours field planting water；

(2) apply fertilizer

Earsh is applied fertilizer：Applied with diligent based on thin apply, put the tip every year 3-4 time, apply purity nitrogen fertilizer after the tip before each tip, often tip of hair Fertilising 2 times, matched somebody with somebody according to the growing way of seedling and apply Multi-element fertilizer；

A, spring fertilizer：Application in two dressings, for the first time in the case where being applied within 10-15 days before 2 month by the end of January early spring bud is sprouted, make Spring-shoot growth healthy and strong, Bloom normal；For the second time in the case where being applied after mid or late March is thanked and spent, bloomed with supplement and consume nutrient, promote the spring tip turn green and young fruit hair Educate normal；Fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus potash fertilizer of arranging in pairs or groups；

To just going into operation, result is few and tree that tree vigo(u)r is strong, as long as keeping, leaf color is dark green, and fruit color viridescent, which can not be applied, thanks to fertilizers for potted flowers, or adopts With weak tree supplementary fertilizer, or combine deinsectization and carry out foliage top dressing (0.3%-0.5% nitrogens or 0.2-0.3 potassium dihydrogen phosphates) spring is twice The content of fertilizer accounts for the 20% of annual fertilizer amount；

B, summer fertilizer：To having just enter into the tree of fruiting period soon, in order to control the generation of summer shoot, can not apply or Shaoshi；To the old and the weak tree then Supplement fertilizer, based on quick-acting fertilizer, frequently apply it is thin apply, the amount of applying accounts for the 7% of total fertilizer amount；

C, autumn fertilizer：Heavy dressing autumn fertilizer 2 times, the 1st fertilizer it is predetermined put apply within 15 days before the tip under, the 2nd time fertilizer should be in the case where autumn growth be applied from after cutting； Fertilizer is based on quick-acting fertilizer, with reference to phosphorus, potash fertilizer；It may also be combined with deinsectization spray and carry out foliage top dressing (0.5% nitrogen), autumn fertilizer accounts for entirely The 40% of year fertilizer amount；

D, winter top dressing：Winter top dressing application in two dressings, under 15-20 days before fruit picking for the first time apply；Under 2nd time several after fruit picking days apply；Winter Fertilizer should be weight fertilizer, account for the 30-40% of annual fertilizer amount, spreaded manuer in holes down with reference to expansion of improving the soil is ploughed deeply；

(3) trim

A, the summer cuts：Carry out within 15-20 days before autumn growth, based on thin delete and combine short cultivation, can dredge and delete tree crown middle and upper part periphery rugosity Fruit drop branch and various types of decline branches in 0.5-1cm, 6-10cm branch stake is stayed to promote to tell autumn growth；Prune off and have no result between strain Intersection closing branch；

B, the winter cuts：Take out to the spring tip 15-20 days before telling and carry out after fruit picking, wipe out dense intersection branch, deadwood, sick branch and besom Branch, and the fruit ball branch of tree crown middle and upper part periphery and decline branch, staying 6-10cm branch stake, clip rugosity is 0.8- to promote to tell young sprout 1.2cm；To weak fruitful branch, " fruit two is cut " can be carried out in fruit picking, weak branch is cut off from base portion, to reduce nothing Imitate the quantity of branch.